Abstract: The invention refers to a glass forming machine which includes a blank station for forming a parison (14) from a gob of molten glass (9) and a blow station for forming the parison (14) into a container (26) and an invert mechanism (16) which can move a neck ring (5) from the blank station to the blow station by a rotary motion and which further includes a swab robot and a control device for the swab robot, wherein the control device is set up so that the swab robot can swab and thus swab the neck ring (5) when the neck ring (5) is in an intermediate position between the blank station and the blow station. Defects in the production of bottles can thus be avoided.

Abstract: An inverting mechanism of a glass forming machine includes: a supporting structure; a shaft horizontally located over the upper portion the supporting structure; drive means coupled to a shaft to provide rotational movement to the shaft; a cylindrical body having a longitudinal opening in an eccentric reference axis, which is coupled to the shaft through its longitudinal opening, in an eccentric position; at least one hollow cylinder coupled with each cylindrical body having attached supports to its outer part which are connected to neck ring holder arms so that, by means of a first sliding movement of the hollow cylinder on the cylindrical body, it provides a lateral movement to open and close the neck ring holder arm supports in parallel and, by means of a rotational movement, it moves the neck ring holder arms with a 180° movement from a parison mold to a finish blow mold.

Abstract: A neck ring for a glass container forming machine includes two neck ring sections each consisting essentially of a neck ring body and an insert on the body. The inserts have opposed surfaces for forming closure attachment features on a container neck finish molded in the neck ring. Each neck ring body is of die-formed powder metal construction and is set around the associated insert. The inserts preferably form the entire glass-contacting portion of the neck ring. The neck ring bodies preferably are of sintered bronze or steel construction, and the inserts preferably are of nickel, bronze or steel construction. The body and insert preferably are sintered together for a metallurgical bond.

Abstract: A blank mold for an I. S. Machine is made up of a pair of opposed engaged blanks. When closed, these blanks have a top surface with an opening. The blanks have an inner surface defining the side wall of a parison which extends upwardly to a position a defined distance below the top surface of the blanks and a continuous, beveled surface connecting the top of the inner surface defining the side wall of the parison and the top opening of the blanks. A pair of funnels, each having a continuous beveled surface extending from a circular horizontally disposed top opening downwardly to smaller centrally located bottom opening, are interfit with the top of the blanks with the top opening of the blanks and the bottom opening of the funnel being coextensive.

Abstract: An indexed unidirectional rotary inverting apparatus (UIA) for a glassware forming machine of single or multiple-cavity mounted on an apparatus support frame.

Abstract: An invert mechanism for a glassware forming machine includes a support frame having a base adapted removably to be mounted on a forming machine frame. A linear actuator is suspended from the support frame and a linear gear rack extends from the actuator within the support frame. A hollow shaft has a central portion carried for rotation on the support frame and oppositely extending end portions with axial external splines and open ends. A gear is coupled to the central portion of the shaft for co-rotation with the shaft and has external teeth coupled to the gear rack. A pair of ball nuts are disposed on the end portions of the hollow shaft, and a pair of hollow pneumatic pistons are respectively disposed on the ball nuts over the open ends of the shaft. Invert arm mounts are respectively disposed on the pistons, and a spring is disposed within each piston operatively extending between the piston and the shaft to bias the pistons to a position adjacent to the support frame.

Abstract: A neck ring guide for aligning neck ring sections in a glassware forming machine has a center body and a pair of spaced parallel runners coupled to the center body for receipt in guide slots in the neck ring sections. Keepers on the outboard sides of the runners retain the runners in the guide slots. Instead of keepers, the runners may be retained in the guide slots by roll pins on the neck ring sections engaged in retainer slots in the runners.

Abstract: A method and a machine for the production of hollow glassware articles, by the blow-and-blow, press-and-blow, press-and-blow paste mold and direct-press processes in a glassware forming machine including single or multiple machine sections each having single or multiple-cavity, comprising: forming a parison in an inverted orientation, into a blank mold and a first transferable and open-able neck ring mold held by an inverting apparatus having a first and a second diametrically opposed arms, each arm holding a transferable and open-able neck ring mold; inverting the parison held by the first transferable and open-able neck ring mold, by rotating the first arm 180° to an upright orientation at an intermediate station, while the second arm with a second transferable and open-able neck ring mold is simultaneously placed at the parison forming station; transferring the first transferable and open-able neck ring mold holding the parison in an upright orientation, from the intermediate station, to a blow mold statio

Abstract: A method and a machine for the production of hollow glassware articles, by the blow-and-blow, press-and-blow, press-and-blow paste mold and direct-press processes in a glassware forming machine including single or multiple machine sections each having single or multiple-cavity, comprising: forming a parison in an inverted orientation, into a blank mold and a first transferable and open-able neck ring mold held by an inverting apparatus having a first and a second diametrically opposed arms, each arm holding a transferable and open-able neck ring mold; inverting the parison held by the first transferable and open-able neck ring mold, by rotating the first arm 180° to an upright orientation at an intermediate station, while the second arm with a second transferable and open-able neck ring mold is simultaneously placed at the parison forming station; transferring the first transferable and open-able neck ring mold holding the parison in an upright orientation, from the intermediate station, to a blow mold statio

Abstract: A method and a machine for the production of hollow glassware articles, by the blow-and-blow, press-and-blow, press-and-blow paste mold and direct-press processes in a glassware forming machine including single or multiple machine sections each having single or multiple-cavity, comprising: forming a parison in an inverted orientation, into a blank mold and a first transferable and open-able neck ring mold held by an inverting apparatus having a first and a second diametrically opposed arms, each arm holding a transferable and open-able neck ring mold; inverting the parison held by the first transferable and open-able neck ring mold, by rotating the first arm 180° to an upright orientation at an intermediate station, while the second arm with a second transferable and open-able neck ring mold is simultaneously placed at the parison forming station; transferring the first transferable and open-able neck ring mold holding the parison in an upright orientation, from the intermediate station, to a blow mold st

Abstract: An invert arm assembly for a glass container forming machine of the I.S. type, the invert arm assembly having an opposed pair of invert arm segments that are movable toward and away from one another and define one or more neck ring assembly receiving apertures when the invert arm segments are disposed adjacent to one another. A neck ring assembly is placed in each aperture and is locked in place with respect to the invert arm segments. Each neck ring assembly can be removed from the aperture in which it is located by inserting a portion of a hand tool in a portion of the invert arm segments to unlock the neck ring assembly from the aperture without moving the invert arm segments with respect to one another.

Abstract: A transfer mechanism for transferring glass parisons in an I.S machine from a blank station to a second station comprises two neck-ring mechanisms which operate alternately. While one neck-ring mechanism carries parisons from the blank station in a vertical plane to the second station, the other neck-ring mechanism rotates about a vertical axis to move out of the way of the first while moving from the second station back to the blank station.

Abstract: A section of an I.S. machine for manufacturing glass containers. A gob of molten glass is delivered to a blank mold to be formed into a parison. The formed parison is then transferred to a blow mold so that an initial blowing operation can be performed to stabilize the parison. The blow mold with the stabilized parison is then transferred linearly to a final station where the parison is blown into the container.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing glass containers in a section of an I.S. machine. A gob of molten glass is delivered to a blank mold to be formed into a parison. The formed parison is then transferred to a blow mold so that an initial blowing operation can be performed to stabilize the parison. The blow mold with the stabilized parison is then transferred linearly to a final station where the parison is blown into the container.

Abstract: A parison transfer mechanism comprises two neck-ring arms which are mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis, which axis is inclined to a central axis of a section in which the mechanism is mounted. This allows for several arrangements of pairs of such mechanisms in a section so that the two mechanisms can operate independently of each other.

Abstract: Each section (10) of the machine comprises a parison moulding apparatus (12), a final moulding apparatus (14) and an invert mechanism (16). The invert mechanism is driven by a servo-motor (108) connected to a gear (100, 102) secured to an end portion of a neck ring support (90, 92) of the invert mechanism away from the center-line of the section. The baffle mechansim (32) of the parison moulding apparatus (12) is mounted on an overhead structure (22) and the mould portions (62) of the final moulding apparatus (14) are moved in a straight line to open and close the moulds. By these measures, the center-line of the section (10) is cleared enabling the radius of the invert mechanism (16) to be reduced.

Abstract: An invert/neckring mechanism for an individual section (I.S.) glass forming machine including a rectangular shaft and a pair of neckring arm holders having a central passage which mates with the rectangular cross-sectional shaft to limit the movement between the shaft and the arm holders to axial movement all rotated through the invert arc by a hydraulic actuator in juxtaposition therewith. A plurality of springs bias the arm holders together to a closed position and a hydraulic double piston cylinder assembly is mounted adjacent to the shaft between the arm holders to open and close the arm holders.

Abstract: Neck ring half (18,20) supporting arms (14,16) are mounted on carriers (10,12) therefor, in a parison transferring mechanism of a glassware manufacturing machine, by providing a stop (40) on each carrier at a predetermined height (x) relative to an axis (24) about which the carriers turn to move the neck ring halves and hence the parisons. As an arm slides into a mounting therefor on the carrier, a heightwise adjustable stop (44) on the arm contacts the stop (40) and thereby determines the height of the arm. Adjustment of the stop (44) on the arm can be carried out away from the machine so that machine down-time can be reduced.

Abstract: Parison transferring means for transferring glass parisons from a mould of a glassware manufacturing machine. A shaft (20) which carries supports (38) for neck rings which can grip or release a parison is turnable back and forth about a horizontal axis (22) to move the neck rings between gripping and releasing positions. The end positions of the arcuate movement about the axis (22) are determined by adjustable stops (70 and 100) which engage projections (42 and 102) of the shaft (20) or of the supports (38).

Abstract: Hollow glassware is made in a method wherein a necking shear is displaceable between one end position blocking one end of a passage of a preform mold and another end position at a final mold and a liquid is sprayed into the other end of the passage of the preform mold. In addition the necking shear is temporarily retained in an intermediate position between the two molds and simultaneously the liquid is sprayed into the passage. This passage is upright and the one end is below the other end. Thus a pocket of air that would prevent the mist from settling in the passage is not created, and the passage can be effectively wetted even by a relatively small volume of liquid. A bottom-blowing unit constituted as a vertically displaceable plug is provided below the preform mold. This plug is raised once the gob is in place and during top blowing to form the initial hollow in it and is shielded during spraying of the liquid into the passage.

Abstract: A neck ring mechanism for transferring a blank or parison from a blank mold section to a blow mold section of an I.S. glass forming machine includes a rock shaft and a pair of spaced cylinders reciprocable in opposition directions on the shaft. The rock shaft is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves, and a like plurality of followers are arranged in the grooves so as to contact at least one side wall of each groove. The followers are supported on each cylinder. One or more piston rings are seated in associated annular grooves in the rock shaft so as to preclude air leakage.

Abstract: Improved system for the fabrication of preforms used in the production of glass containers in I.S. machines, employing the blow-blow process to reduce the time delay of mechanical movement between the stages of crown formation and commencement of counterblowing, and the increase in counterblowing or molten glass gob inflation, thus improving glass distribution in the walls of the preform as well as in the finished container, resulting in an improved quality container and in increased production.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a parison forming assembly and a final shaping assembly each having a mold, and a reheating and intermediate forming assembly provided between the two assemblies and having a cover or an intermediate forming mold for enclosing the parison in a confined space, the assemblies being associated with one another for sequential operation. Without prolonging the molding cycle time usually needed for the parison forming assembly and the final shaping assembly, unfinished parisons can be reheated sufficiently.

Abstract: A rotatable neck ring assembly for use primarily in an automatic blow molding machine includes an annular bushing and a concentrically arranged series of pivotally mounted foot members which in their closed position, cooperate with the bushing to grip the rim of a parison and hold it securely during the molding process. These pivoted foot members, which are spring biased to a closed position, are kept into firm engagement with the bushing by the upwardly moving parison mold. A first cam surface on the outer surface of the foot members cooperates with a corresponding surface on a concentrically surrounding sleeve to hold the foot members tightly against the bushing to grip the rim of the parison and hold it securely during the molding process. The cooperating cam surfaces on the foot members and the surrounding sleeve create a hoop tension in the bushing which must be overcome to pivot the foot members to open position at completion of the molding process.

Abstract: A rotatable neck ring assembly for use primarily in an automatic blow molding machine includes an annular bushing and a concentrically arranged series of pivotally mounted foot members which in their closed position cooperate with the bushing to hold a parison during molding of the ware. The feet are spring-biased toward open position and cammed in to closed position when engaged by the upwardly moving parison mold. Cam surfaces on the outer surface of the feet cooperate with corresponding surfaces on a concentrically surrounding sleeve to hold the ring tightly closed on the rim of the parison even after lowering of the parison mold and throughout the blow molding portion of the cycle. The ring is opened following the molding and cooling portions of the cycle by hydraulic pressure acting on a piston which engages the upper surface of the bushing to force the feet to pivot outwardly.

Abstract: A glassware forming machine has three operating stations, in the first of which a parison is formed in an inverted position. First transfer means transfers a parison from the first station to a second station where the parison is released by the first transfer means in an upright position. A second transfer means receives the released parison at the second station and supports it for a selected time, after which the second transfer means transfers the parison to a third station, releases it and reverts to a position at the second station for receiving a further parison. A third transfer means operative independently of both the first and second transfer means removes an article of glassware from the third station and supports the glassware for a cooling period beyond the third station.

Abstract: An individual section of a multiple section glassware forming machine has three operating stations in spaced apart relation along the longitudinal center line of the section. A parison formed in the first station is transferred to the second station and released there by a first transfer means. A second transfer means which is operated independently of the first transfer means engages the parison at the second station and moves the parison to a third station in which an article of glassware is formed. By adjusting the time of operation of either transfer means relative to the other, the period of time during which the parison reheats may be changed without altering the relative timing of any of the machine functions which together make up the parison-forming cycle or the relative timing of any of the machine functions which together comprise the glassware forming cycle.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for forming glass containers by the blow and blow process in which a parison mold and blow mold are positioned relative to each other, such that parisons can be transferred by an invert arm. The parisons are formed with their necks down in the parison mold from a charge of glass delivered thereto, and vacuum is applied to the neck mold to settle the molten glass in the neck mold about a special neck pin to thereby form the finish portion of the container. The neck pin is pulled and counterblow of the charge into parison form is accomplished and the parison is transferred from the parison mold to the blow mold where it is expanded into final shape. The parison mold is coated with a "solid film lubricant" which provides a surface that has an insulating effect and requires less "swabbing" over its useable life.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a glass parison comprises a spindle and a plunger mounted in the spindle for axial displacement. Mechanism is provided for axially displacing the plunger relative to the housing. A press mould has a cavity for carrying glass melt and is movable into a working position aligned with the plunger so that the plunger may enter the mould cavity. A recess is provided in the housing in communication with the mould cavity to receive excess glass melt displaced thereinto in response to positioning of the plunger within the mould cavity. The plunger functions as a valve to alternately block and establish access between a blowing air passage and the front end of the plunger to allow air to be blown against a glass parison being produced. Retaining ring segments which partly define the melt-receiving recess are pivotable between a first position retaining a parison in place, and a second position allowing removal of the parison.

Abstract: The invention consists an automatic continuous process (kinematic) machine for the manufacture of glass objects characterized in that it comprises, between the blanking drum and the finishing drum, a sliding beam whose sliding motion enables the time period between the vehicles leaving the blanking drum and their entry into the finishing drum to be regulated instantly and precisely while the machine is in operation.

Abstract: An improved method is disclosed for forming glass bottles by the blow and blow process. A parison mold having a one-piece annular blank mold section and split neck and shoulder mold sections is charged fully with molten glass. Air is subsequently blown through a manifold covering the upper end of the parison mold to force the molten glass into an annular space defined by a cavity in the neck mold section and a neck pin projected into the neck mold cavity. The neck pin is then reciprocated from the neck mold cavity, and air is blown through the molded neck to cause the molten glass to chill its surface by pressure contact with the inside of an upright truncated pyramidal-shaped cavity formed in the blank mold section. The glass which comes into contact with the cavity walls in the blank mold section develops a very uniform enamel due to the uniform cooling achieved with the solid annular blank mold section.

Abstract: An individual section of a Hartford I. S. type glassware forming machine is modified to provide for in-line, or parallel motion, of the split mold halves at both the blank and blow stations. Vertically extending rock shafts move the blank and blow mold holder structures on fixed ways, through toggle links similar to those in a conventional I. S. machine, but the space formerly occupied by the hinge pin at the blow side is made available for the mold structure because the ways are oriented parallel to and slightly below the neck ring hub mechanism. This design provides for an increased mold closing force at the blank side and simplifies the mold holder structure itself whereby the molds can be continually cooled from an internal chamber in the mold holder which is supplied with cooling air through a vertical interface between the movable mold holder structure and the fixed machine frame.

Abstract: The neck ring arms of a Hartford I. S. type glassware forming machine section are adapted to be oscillated between a blank and a blow station, and also to move toward and away from one another in order to cooperate with one another and with a blank mold at the blank side of the machine, and to release a partially formed parison at the blow side of such a machine. In a triple gob configuration, where three such neck ring molds are provided, cartridges are disclosed for conveniently mounting the six neck ring mold segments for quick assembly with the associated neck ring arms. The cartridges can be quickly removed with a minimum downtime to the machine section, and the neck ring mold segments bench-assembled in the cartridge at the leisure of the machine operator.