Abstract: Embodiments of a transparent glass-based material comprising a glass phase and a second phase that is different from and is dispersed in the glass phase are provided. The second phase may comprise a crystalline or a nanocrystalline phase, a fiber, and/or glass particles. In some embodiments, the second phase is crystalline. In one or more embodiments, the glass-based material has a transmittance of at least about 88% over a visible spectrum ranging from about 400 nm to about 700 nm and a fracture toughness of at least about 0.9 MPa·m1/2, and wherein a surface of the glass-based material, when scratched with a Knoop diamond at a load of at least 5 N to form a scratch having a width w, is free of chips having a size of greater than 3w.

Abstract: Embodiments of a transparent glass-based material comprising a glass phase and a second phase that is different from and is dispersed in the glass phase are provided. The second phase may comprise a crystalline or a nanocrystalline phase, a fiber, and/or glass particles. In some embodiments, the second phase is crystalline. In one or more embodiments, the glass-based material has a transmittance of at least about 88% over a visible spectrum ranging from about 400 nm to about 700 nm and a fracture toughness of at least about 0.9 MPa·m1/2, and wherein a surface of the glass-based material, when scratched with a Knoop diamond at a load of at least 5 N to form a scratch having a width w, is free of chips having a size of greater than 3 w.

Abstract: A method for producing a heat-resistant roll, and a roll produced by the method, the method including: fabricating a roll part comprising 5 wt % or more of a clay mineral; grinding the roll surface of the roll part; conducting a surface treatment in which the ground roll surface is smoothed in a moisturized state; and forming a coating film of a clay mineral on the surface-treated roll surface.

Abstract: Glass-ceramics and precursor glasses that are crystallizable to glass-ceramics are disclosed. The glass-ceramics of one or more embodiments include rutile, anatase, armalcolite or a combination thereof as the predominant crystalline phase. Such glasses and glass-ceramics may include compositions of, in mole %: SiO2 in the range from about 45 to about 75; Al2O3 in the range from about 4 to about 25; P2O5 in the range from about 0 to about 10; MgO in the range from about 0 to about 8; R2O in the range from about 0 to about 33; ZnO in the range from about 0 to about 8; ZrO2 in the range from about 0 to about 4; B2O3 in the range from about 0 to about 12, and one or more nucleating agents in the range from about 0.5 to about 12. In some glass-ceramic articles, the total crystalline phase includes up to 20% by weight of the glass-ceramic article.

Abstract: A process for producing proppants from waste mineralogical material. The process can include providing the waste mineralogical material in a form such as particles, fines, dust, powders, and the like, and forming a plurality of “green” pellets from the waste mineralogical material. Thereafter, the plurality of green pellets are fed into a provided flame drop tower that has a combustion flame, a hot zone, and a collection basin located downstream from the hot zone. The plurality of green pellets pass through the hot zone, are melted and subsequently solidified in the shape of a sphere downstream from the hot zone to form vitrified glass spheres. In some instances, the vitrified glass spheres are subjected to a devitrification step.

Abstract: A white light emitting glass-ceramic. The chemical formula of the glass-ceramic is aSiO2.bAl2O3.cNaF.dCeF3.nDyF3.mAg, wherein a, b, c, d, n and m are, by mol part, 25-50, 15-30, 10-30, 10-25, 0.01-1 and 0.01-1, respectively, and a+b+c+d-100. A method for producing said glass-ceramic is also provided. Silver ion is doped in the glass-ceramic in the form of silver particles by means of sintering and reduction annealing treatment, and thus the luminescence properties of rare earth ion is improved.

Abstract: Disclosed is the preparation of sintered cordierite-based glass-ceramic bodies via a procedure which uses three all natural starting materials which are white sand, kaolin clay and magnesite. These three raw materials, which are preferably sourced from the same geographic area such as Saudi Arabia, are combined in relative amounts which form, upon subsequent mixing and heating, a specific mixture of oxides of silicon, aluminum and magnesium. Upon melting at 1500-1550° C., this combination of raw materials forms transparent brown glass which after solidification by quenching is then crushed and reduced to grains having a median particle size less than 65 microns. These brown glass grains are consolidated, for example by compaction, to form a green body for sintering. Sintering of the green body at temperatures between about 1000° C. and 1375° C. for from 2 to 5 hours produces glass-ceramic bodies containing a polycrystalline material which comprises mostly material of the cordierite crystal structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel transparent glasses, vitroceramics, and transparent or translucent ceramics containing, in relation to the total composition of the glass, vitroceramic, or ceramic, at least 60 wt% of a composition having the following formula (I): (M1O)x(M2O)y(M3)2O3)z(Al2O3)100?x?y?z (I), where M1 is an element selected from among Ba and/or Sr, M2 is an element selected from among Mg or Ca, x and y are numbers such that 30?x+y?80, y is between 0% and 10% of x, M3 is an element selected from among B, Ga, or In, and z is a number between 0% and 10% of (100?x?y). The invention also relates to the method for manufacturing said compositions and to the uses of said compositions in the field of optics.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic is disclosed which can be used in particular as a dielectric and which has at least the following constituents (in mol % on oxide basis): SiO2 1-50, Al2O3 0-20, B2O3 0-25, TiO2 10-70, RE2O3 0-35, wherein RE is lanthanum, another lanthanoid, or yttrium, wherein Ti may be replaced in part, preferably up to 10%, by Zr, Hf, Y, Nb, V, Ta, and wherein the porosity is less than 0.5%.

Abstract: The subject invention is directed to a method for producing a pre-reacted clinker used in the manufacture of E glass. The clinker is fed into an E glass furnace, and melts down into a finished E glass product at high efficiencies and short production times. The clinker allows glass to be produced at a lower cost as compared with known methods.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic plate of lithium aluminosilicate free of arsenic and antimony, the optical transmission of which, for a thickness of 4 mm, is between 0.2 and 4% for at least one wavelength between 400 and 500 nm.

Abstract: A substrate for an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) which can improve the light extraction efficiency of the organic light-emitting device while securing transmittance, a method of fabricating the same, and an organic light-emitting device having the same. The substrate for an OLED is a substrate on which the OLED is to be deposited. The substrate is made of transparent crystallized glass in which a number of crystal grains are distributed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are one or more of formable and/or color-tunable, crystallizable glasses; formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; IXable, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; IX, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; a machine or equipment including a formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramic; a machine or equipment including an IXable, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; a machine or equipment including an IX, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; one or more processes for making formable, crystallizable glasses crystallizable; one or more processes for making formable and/or color-tunable, crystallizable glasses; one or more processes for making formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; one or more processes for making IXable, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; one or more processes for making IX, formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics; and one or more processes for using any one of formable and/or color-tunable, crystallizable glasses; formed and/or color-tuned glass-ceramics;

Abstract: A glass-ceramic having at least two crystal phases, wherein at least one crystal phase has a positive temperature dependence of the resonance frequency ?f, at least one crystal phase has a negative temperature dependence of the resonance frequency ?f and the glass-ceramic has a resulting temperature dependence of the resonance frequency ?f of 0 ppm/K with a maximum deviation of +/?20 ppm/K, is described. Furthermore, a process for producing such a glass-ceramic and the use of the glass-ceramic are described.

Abstract: Described herein are glass ceramic compositions with bulk scattering properties that have improved light extraction properties due to high levels of diffuse transmission, and methods of making such glass ceramic compositions. The compositions are based on Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2 glass ceramics and with the proper crystal size, exhibit good volume scattering characteristic for visible light and enhance the outcoupling from the substrate to the air in optical devices, such as light emitting diodes.

Abstract: Provided is a Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2-based crystallized glass, comprising, as a composition in terms of mass %, 55 to 75% of SiO2, 20.5 to 27% of Al2O3, 2% or more of Li2O, 1.5 to 3% of TiO2, 3.8 to 5% of TiO2+ZrO2, and 0.1 to 0.5% of SnO2, and satisfying the relationships of 3.7?Li2O+0.741MgO+0.367ZnO?4.5 and SrO+1.847CaO?0.5.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic which is particularly suitable as dielectric for use in the high-frequency range, in particular as dielectric resonator, as electronic frequency filter element or as antenna element is disclosed. The glass-ceramic has at least the following constituents (in mol % on an oxide basis): 5-50% of SiO2, 0-20% of Al2O3, 0-25% of B2O3, 0-25% of BaO, 10-60% of TiO2, 5-35% of Re2O3, where Ba can be partly replaced by Sr, Ca, Mg, where Re is a lanthanide or yttrium and where Ti can be partly replaced by Zr, Hf, Y, Nb, V, Ta.

Abstract: Transparent, essentially colorless ?-quartz glass-ceramic materials, the composition of which is free of As2O3 and of Sb2O3, where said composition contains a specific combination of three nucleating agents: TiO2, ZrO2 and SnO2; TiO2 being present in low quantity.

Abstract: A process for increasing toughness of glass particulates is provided. The process includes providing an aluminosilicate glass particulate, the glass particulate generally having the form of a sphere, and heating the glass particulate to a temperature greater than 600° C. for a predetermined time. Thereafter, the glass particulate can be cooled to ambient temperature and the heating step can alter the failure mechanism of the glass particulate from a high energy failure that produces generally fine powder to a lower energy failure that produces generally large fragments. The glass particulate can be an amorphous glass particulate and may or may not have a nominal composition that corresponds to rhyolite, basalt, tholeiite, olivine and/or andesite.

Abstract: Antiballistic armor is provided that includes a glass-ceramic component having 50 to 70 weight percent SiO2, 15 to 25 weight percent Al2O3, 0.5 to 5 weight percent ZrO2, 0.1 to 10 weight percent Li2O, 1 to 5 weight percent TiO2. The glass ceramic component has a main crystalline phase that comprises keatite mixed crystal in a compositional range of LiAlSi2O6 to LiAlSi4O10.

Abstract: A phosphosilicate glass ceramic with nanoscale fluoroapatite and leucite crystals. The glass ceramic is very similar to natural tooth material in terms of its optical properties. The glass ceramic has a low linear thermal expansion coefficient and a low pressing temperature and is therefore particularly suitable for pressing on metal alloys to produce dental restoration.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic plate of lithium aluminosilicate free of arsenic and antimony, the optical transmission of which, for a thickness of 4 mm, is between 0.2 and 4% for at least one wavelength between 400 and 500 nm.

Abstract: Mineral materials selected from lithium aluminosilicate glasses containing vanadium, precursors of glass-ceramics, and glass-ceramics colored by vanadium contain solid solution(s) of ?-quartz and/or ?-spodumene as main crystalline phase. Also disclosed are articles made from said mineral materials, as well as methods for forming said glasses, glass-ceramics and articles of said glasses and glass-ceramics. Methods involve optimizing the refining of lithium aluminosilicate glasses containing SnO2 as a fining agent in preparing glasses or glass-ceramics.

Abstract: A crystallized glass comprises, in term of mass %, 55 to 73% of SiO2, 17 to 25% of Al2O3, 2 to 5% of Li2O, 4 to 5.5% of TiO2, 0.05 to less than 0.2% of SnO2, and 0.02 to 0.1% of V2O5. The crystallized glass has a ratio V2O5/(SnO2+V2O5) of 0.2 to 0.4 and is substantially free of As2O3 and Sb2O3.

Abstract: A process for the production of a glass-ceramic comprises the following steps: a) providing a mixture comprising at least SiO2, Al2O3, BaO and TiO2, b) melting the mixture in order to produce a glass phase, c) cooling the glass phase, and d) ceramicizing the glass phase. In the process, the glass phase is heated over the course of at most 5 minutes, preferably over the course of at most 3 minutes, to a temperature in the region of the crystallization temperature of Ba1-xZ1xTi1-yZ2yO3, whereby Z1 is an element selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ce, Pb, La and Sm, whereby Z2 is an element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Hf, Nb, V, Y, Sc and Ta, and whereby x and y are each independently of one another 0?x,y?0.5, preferably 0?x,y?0.1, but substantially below the crystallization temperature of Ba[Al2Si2O8].

Abstract: Antiballistic armor is provided that includes a glass-ceramic component having 50 to 70 weight percent SiO2, 15 to 25 weight percent Al2O3, 0.5 to 5 weight percent ZrO2, 0.1 to 10 weight percent Li2O, 1 to 5 weight percent TiO2. The glass ceramic component has a main crystalline phase that comprises keatite mixed crystal in a compositional range of LiAlSi2O6 to LiAlSi4O10.

Abstract: Bi-containing glass-ceramic material, especially those containing ?-quartz and/or ?-spodumene solid solutions as the predominant crystalline phase, and the precursor glass material as well as process of making such glass-ceramic material and articles. The glass-ceramic can be made to have a dark color, and essentially to be free of V2O5, As2O3 and Sb2O3.

Abstract: A pulling roll for glass manufacture comprised of a high-temperature millboard material. The millboard comprises aluminosilicate refractory fiber, silicate, mica, and kaolin clay. A method of manufacturing a pulling roll is disclosed, together with a roll produced by the methods disclosed herein. The method comprises forming a pulling roll and densifying at least a portion of the pulling roll by exposing to the pulling roll to high temperatures.

Abstract: Provided are SiO2—Al2O3-based or Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2-based crystallized glass that solves the cause of cracking and fracture in forming it into large-size shaped articles, that has homogeneous inner quality and that may be produced stably at high efficiency; and a method for producing it. The crystallized glass contains components of SiO2 and Al2O3, wherein the crystal precipitation peak temperature width obtained in differential thermal analysis of amorphous glass, a precursor thereof, is at least 22° C. Preferably, the total amount of the TiO2 component and the ZrO2 component in the crystallized glass is within a range of from 3.0 to less than 4.3%. FIG. 1 is referred to.

Abstract: An internally nucleated, toughened cordierite glass-ceramic is disclosed. The cordierite glass-ceramic has good oxidation resistance and fracture toughness and coefficient of thermal expansion rivaling that of silicon nitride. The glass-ceramic may be cast as a liquid. Annealing produces a material of high crystallinity combining high hardness, high Young's modulus, good thermal stability, high strength, low density and good dielectric properties. The glass-ceramic comprises interlocking crystalline phases dominated by cordierite and a second phase having an elongated or acicular structure. A third phase may comprise a crystalline ceramic that promotes acicularity of the second phase. The third phase is preferably capable of twinning.

Abstract: The invention relates to crystallizable aluminosilicate magnesium-containing glass which is used for producing extremely solid and break-resistant glass-ceramics having an easily polished surface. The inventive crystallizable glass contains 5-33 mass % of SiO2, 25-40 mass % of Al2O3, 5-25 mass % of MgO, 0-15 mass % of B2O3, 0.1-30 mass % of Y2O3, Ln2O3, As2O3 and/or Nb2O5 and 0.1-10 mass % of P2O5.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic substrate which is obtained by firing multilayers of ceramic green sheets each having a dielectric layer, made of a glass-ceramic material comprising a mixture of alumina and a glass containing at least Si and Ca, and an electrode layer made of Ag and formed on the dielectric layer. The dielectric layer after firing includes anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) crystals having a grain size of up to 84 nm.

Abstract: Glass can have a high thermal expansion coefficient when it is made up of SiO2, B2O3, Na2O, K2O, MgO and Al2O3; contains a partial crystal; and has a mean linear expansion coefficient not lower than of 125×10?7K?1 in a temperature range of 50° C. to 150° C. Using this glass as a substrate for a multilayer film filter can fully reduce temperature fluctuations in the filter properties.

Abstract: An inexpensive and rapid method for fabricating arrays of hollow microneedles uses a photoetchable glass. Furthermore, the glass hollow microneedle array can be used to form a negative mold for replicating microneedles in biocompatible polymers or metals. These microneedle arrays can be used to extract fluids from plants or animals. Glucose transport through these hollow microneedles arrays has been found to be orders of magnitude more rapid than natural diffusion.

Abstract: A jadeite material has a thickness in excess of about 1.0 mm and CIELAB indices of L*>42, a*<?6, and b*>+6. The grain size of the jadeite material is less than about 30 microns and is an equiaxed grain structure. The jadeite material has an optical transmission peak between 500 and 565 nm with an I/IO optical transmission ratio of over 40%. The first step in making the jadeite material is to wrap a glass block, convertible by HP/HT into jadeite and having a nominal composition of NaAlSi2O6, with a graphite or refractive metal sheet. The wrapped glass block is placed in an HP/HT apparatus, rapidly heated, and subjected therein to a pressure in excess of about 3 GPa and a temperature in excess of about 1000° C. for a time adequate to convert the glass block into jadeite. The jadeite material then is cooled and the pressure subsequently released.

Abstract: A composition for a glass-ceramic material that contains a crystallinity of at least about 30% by weight of forsterite components at a liquidus temperature of about 1525° C. or below. The glass-ceramic has a composition, in weight percent on an oxide basis, consisting essentially of about: 40-60% SiO2; 10-25% Al2O3; 18-30% MgO; 3-10% Na2O; 0-10% K2O; >5-15% TiO2. The invention further comprises a method for achieving high crystalline yield at such a low liquidus with increased solubility of high levels of chromium ions. The glass-ceramics can be used in drawing optical fibers and as gain media in amplifier and laser devices for near infrared wavelengths.

Abstract: Methods for making glasses and glass-ceramics comprising Al2O3 and SiO2. Glasses made according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. Some embodiments of glass-ceramic particles made according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: A ceramic structure which is pollucite-based and has high refractoriness and high resistance to thermal shock. The inventive structure is suitable in high temperature applications such as a filtering particulates from diesel engine exhaust.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substantially transparent glass-ceramic ceramic, and a method for making a glass-ceramic, exhibiting an aluminogallate spinel crystal phase and having a glass-ceramic composition that lies within the SiO2—Al2O3—ZnO—K2O—Ga2O3—Na2O system and particularly consisting essentially, in weight percent on an oxide basis, of 25-50% SiO2, 15-45% ZnO, 0-26% Al2O3, 0-25% K2O, 0-10% Na2O, 0-32% Ga2O3, a K2O+Na2O amount of greater than 10%, a Al2O3+Ga2O3 of greater than 10%, the glass ceramic microstructure containing a crystal phase comprising at least 15%, by weight, of hexagonal ZnO crystals. Another aspect disclosed is optical element selected from the group consisting of an optical fiber, a gain or laser medium, and an amplifier component, a saturable absorber, with the element comprising a transparent glass-ceramic of the same composition and containing a crystallinity of at least about 15% by weight of hexagonal ZnO crystals.

Abstract: Known is a method of producing a quartz glass crucible in which a crucible base body is provided at least in part with an inner layer in which the formation of cristobalite is induced by using a crystallization promoter. On the basis thereof, in order to provide an inexpensive method of producing a quartz glass crucible with reproducible characteristics for long service lives, it is suggested according to the invention that the crystallization promoter and a reducing substance are introduced into the inner layer.

Abstract: Known is a method of producing a quartz glass crucible in which a crucible base body is provided at least in part with an inner layer in which the formation of cristobalite is induced by using a crystallization promoter. On the basis thereof, in order to provide an inexpensive method of producing a quartz glass crucible with reproducible characteristics for long service lives, it is suggested according to the invention that the crystallization promoter and a reducing substance are introduced into the inner layer.

Abstract: A glass ceramic sintered body containing gahnite and cordierite as crystal phases, having a thermal expansion coefficient at 40 to 400° C. of not larger than 5×10−6/° C., a dielectric constant of not larger than 7 and a Young's modulus of not larger than 150 GPa. A wiring board having an insulating substrate made of the glass ceramic sintered body features very high reliability in the primary mounting and in the secondary mounting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: a glass-ceramic which is opaque which has a low, or zero thermal expansion coefficient, which contains a solid solution of &bgr;-quartz as crystalline phase, which has a specific composition; and, to a process for obtaining said glass-ceramic.

Abstract: Ceramics containing a diopside crystal phase and a cordierite phase, the remainder being a glass phase and/or other ceramic crystal phases, and having an open porosity of not larger than 1%. The ceramics is obtained by firing at from 800 to 1050° C., and exhibits a dielectric constant of not larger than 7 and a small dielectric loss in a high-frequency region, a ceramic strength of not smaller than 250 MPa, and a coefficient of thermal expansion close to those of the chips such as of Si and Ga—As and of the printed board.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fluorinated rare earth doped glass composition and method for making a glass-ceramic optical article therefrom, e.g. optical fiber waveguides, fiber lasers and active fiber amplifiers, having application in the 1300 nm and 1550 nm telecommunications windows. The inventive compositions include Pr3+ and/or Dy3+ in a concentration range of between 300-2,000 ppmw and Ag+ in a concentration range of between 500-2000 ppmw; or Er3+ in a concentration range of between 500-5,000 ppmw and Ag+ in a concentration range of between 0-2,000 ppmw. The monovalent silver ion provides an ionic charge balanced glass-ceramic crystal. These compositions exhibit reduced or absent rare earth ion clustering and fluorescence quenching effects in the presence of high concentrations of rare earth ion dopants.

Abstract: A composite for a dental restoration is presented comprising ground, densified, embrittled glass fibers together with fillers and a polymeric matrix precursor composition. The ground, densified, embrittled glass fibers are obtained by grinding glass fibers which have been densified and embrittled by heating glass fibers at a temperature substantially below the softening point of the glass fibers, without significant fusion or melting together of the fibers. The composite is particularly useful as a direct filling material, in that it has the feel and workability of an amalgam.

Abstract: A method for making working mold tools for use in a compression molding process for molding optical glass elements from high temperature glasses having Tg's in the range of from about 400° C. to about 850° C. An yttria aluminosilicate glass is fabricated by traditional melting and casting processes to thereby make an amorphous base material having a minimum apparent viscosity of 1015 poise at the temperature at which the optical glass elements are to be molded. A mold preform is made from the base material. A first surface figure for the optical element to be molded with the working mold tool is defined. A second surface figure for a master mold tool and a third surface figure for the working mold tool are computed based upon the first surface figure and the coefficients of thermal expansion of the optical element, the master mold tool, and the working mold tool, the temperature at which the working mold tool is molded, and the temperature at which the optical element is to be molded.

Abstract: A crystalline glass-ceramic article composed of a cordierite phase of cordierite crystals or aggregates of near-parallel crystallites, having a formula of either Mg2Al4Si5O18 or AxByMg2Al4+x+2ySi5−x−2yO18. With the first formula, the average size of the cordierite crystals or aggregates is less than 70 micrometers, and the mean coefficient of thermal expansion from 22° C. to 800° C. (CTE) is less than 9×10−7/° C. With the second formula, A is either sodium or potassium, B is either strontium or barium, the sum of x and y is not less than 0.01, and when either x or y equal zero, the CTE is not more than 14×10−7/° C. The article is especially suitable as a filter or catalyst substrate.

Abstract: A polished glass disk medium substrate table for use as a substrate for a hard disk, a hard disk containing the substrate and methods for making the substrate. Glass forming raw materials are formed into a disk having a diameter between about 70 mm and about mm, a thickness between about 0.7 mm and about 0.9 mm, a flutter of less than 90 nm at 10,000 rpm.