Abstract: A glass-metal feedthrough includes: an external conductor having a coefficient of expansion ?external, and having an opening formed therein; an internal conductor disposed in the opening, the internal conductor including iron and having a coefficient of expansion ?internal, the external conductor and the internal conductor being configured to not release nickel when in contact with a human or animal body or biological cells of a cell culture; and a glass material surrounding the internal conductor within the opening and having a coefficient of expansion ?glass, the coefficient of expansion of the internal conductor ?internal and the coefficient of expansion of the external conductor ?external are such that a joint pressure on the internal conductor of at least 30 MPa is generated in a temperature range of 20° C. to a glass transformation temperature of the glass material.

Abstract: A glass-metal feedthrough consists of an external conductor, a glass material and an internal conductor. The internal conductor has a coefficient of expansion ?internal, the glass material has a coefficient of expansion ?glass, and the external conductor has a coefficient of expansion ?external. The coefficient of expansion of the internal conductor ?internal is greater than the coefficient of expansion of the glass material ?glass and the coefficient of expansion of the external conductor ?external is at least 2 ppm/K, such as at least 4 ppm/K, greater than the coefficient of expansion of the glass material ?glass in the temperature range of 20° C. to the glass transformation temperature.

Abstract: A glass-metal feedthrough includes: an external conductor including steel, having a coefficient of expansion ?external, and having an opening formed therein; an internal conductor disposed in the opening, the internal conductor including steel and having a coefficient of expansion ?internal. The external conductor and the internal conductor are configured to not release nickel when in contact with a human or animal body or biological cells of a cell culture. A glass material surrounds the internal conductor within the opening and has a coefficient of expansion ?glass. The coefficient of expansion ?external of the external conductor and the coefficient of expansion ?internal of the internal conductor both are greater than the coefficient of expansion ?glass of the glass material.

Abstract: A sealing glass of the present invention is a sealing glass for vacuum sealing an exhaust opening provided in a metal-made vacuum double container, wherein the sealing glass is used in a metal-made vacuum double container having a structure that the sealing glass is placed in a position excepting a position right over the exhaust opening in a vacuum sealing process, the sealing glass is substantially free of a Pb component, and the sealing glass produces a total amount of gases of 900 to 7000 ?L/cm3 when a temperature is raised from 30° C. to 700° C. at 15° C./minute in a vacuum state.

Abstract: A stack structure is formed by stacking and bonding a plurality of substrates. The stack structure includes bonding films each of which is interposed in a bonding region between, adjacent glass substrates, and bonded to oxygen atoms in the glass of the substrate by anodic bonding.

Abstract: A glass-to-metal hermetic seal assembly in a sight glass assembly or a hermetic terminal assembly is disclosed and includes a glass component, an intermediate component, and an outer ring. The intermediate component is provided around the glass component. The glass component is fused to the intermediate component. The outer ring, which has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is greater than a coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass component, compresses the intermediate component against the glass component to create a hermetic compression seal.

Abstract: An optical-waveguide device mounted on a fixing member having a pair of opposing upright walls and a sub-mount unit including a metallic sub-mount of a rectangular solid shape inserted between the opposing upright walls and a nonmetallic sub-mount of a rectangular solid shape mounted on the metallic sub-mount, and fixed onto a base table. The fixing member and the sub-mount unit as well as the fixing member and the base table are spot-welded together using YAG welding.

Abstract: An optical-waveguide device mounted on a fixing member having a pair of opposing upright walls and a sub-mount unit including a metallic sub-mount of a rectangular solid shape inserted between the opposing upright walls and a nonmetallic sub-mount of a rectangular solid shape mounted on the metallic sub-mount, and fixed onto a base table. The fixing member and the sub-mount unit as well as the fixing member and the base table are spot-welded together using YAG welding.

Abstract: A cylindrical holder material having a thin deformed portion is located in a press forming die. An optical element material is installed inside the holder material and the holder material and the optical element material are heated to their respective softening temperatures, thereby forming a cylindrical holder from the holder material and an optical element from the optical element material by press forming the holder material and the optical element material that have been heated to their respective softening temperatures. Thus, the optical element is integrated inside the holder and the deformed portion of the holder is deformed towards the outside thereof by a pressing force applied by the optical element.

Abstract: A process for anodically bonding an array of spacer columns to one of the inner major faces on one of the generally planar plates of an evacuated, flat panel video display. The process includes using a generally planar plate having a plurality of spacer column attachment sites; providing electrical interconnection between all attachment sites; coating each attachment site with a patch of oxidizable material; providing an array of unattached permanent glass spacer columns, each unattached permanent spacer column being of uniform length and being positioned longitudinally perpendicular to a single plane, with the plane intersecting the midpoint of each unattached spacer column; positioning the array such that an end of one permanent spacer column is in contact with the oxidizable material patch at each attachment site; and anodically bonding the contacting end of each permanent spacer column to the oxidizable material layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a front-end optical component of an endoscope realizing resistance to humidity. In the method of manufacturing a front-end optical component in which a lens is mounted on the front end of a metallic lens-barrel provided on the front end of the inserting portion of an endoscope, the configuration is made such that a lens raw material is placed on the front-end side in the lens-barrel, the lens raw material is press-formed in a heat-softened state with a pair of upper and lower shaping dies, thereby tightly joining the outer edge of the pressed lens raw material to the inner peripheral surface of the lens-barrel.

Abstract: A metal ring for an optical element that is served to cover a peripheral side surface of a lens and served to fix the lens to a mounting member by means of soldering is provided with a thin-wall sleeve a diameter of which is expanded toward a peripheral direction by means of pressure received from an optical material disposed inside the metal ring to thereby obtain a final peripheral side surface size, a thin-wall portion having an inside periphery near an extension of an inside peripheral surface of the thin-wall sleeve on one of apertures of the thin-wall sleeve, and a holding portion comprising a flange that projects from an edge of the aperture toward the aperture. A metal ring for an optical element, a method for fabrication of the optical element having the metal ring, and an optical element having a metal ring of the invention employ the abovementioned metal ring.

Abstract: A glass fixative composition for bonding glass materials to non-glass materials is provided. The fixative composition is selected for its thermal expansion coefficient, its viscosity, its adhesion to glass, melting point, and bond strength. The glass fixative is in particular useful for bonding optical fibers to metallic materials such as Kovar. The low melting point of the glass fixative enables localized heating methods to be used, in particular, as Kovar is a ferromagnetic material, induction heating can be used to form a bond. The bond formed provides a compressive joint which enables the fiber to be hermetically fixed in position.

Abstract: A controller is used with an anodic bonding system that has a charge flowpath for supplying charge to bond materials together. The controller includes a switch and a circuit. The switch is configured to control a flow of the charge through the charge flowpath. The circuit is configured to monitor a rate of the flow, use the rate to determine an amount of the charge supplied for bonding, and based on the amount or rate, operate the switch to control the flow.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a front-end optical component of an endoscope realizing resistance to humidity. In the method of manufacturing a front-end optical component in which a lens is mounted on the front end of a metallic lens-barrel provided on the front end of the inserting portion of an endoscope, the configuration is made such that a lens raw material is placed on the front-end side in the lens-barrel, the lens raw material is press-formed in a heat-softened state with a pair of upper and lower shaping dies, thereby tightly joining the outer edge of the pressed lens raw material to the inner peripheral surface of the lens-barrel.

Abstract: A metal ring for an optical element that is served to cover a peripheral side surface of a lens and served to fix the lens to a mounting member by means of soldering is provided with a thin-wall sleeve a diameter of which is expanded toward a peripheral direction by means of pressure received from an optical material disposed inside the metal ring to thereby obtain a final peripheral side surface size, a thin-wall portion having an inside periphery near an extension of an inside peripheral surface of the thin-wall sleeve on one of apertures of the thin-wall sleeve, and a holding portion comprising a flange that projects from an edge of the aperture toward the aperture. A metal ring for an optical element, a method for fabrication of the optical element having the metal ring, and an optical element having a metal ring of the invention employ the abovementioned metal ring.

Abstract: To provide an anodic bonding method which can favorably bond between members different in thermal expansion coefficient. In an anodic bonding method of applying a voltage to and bonding between a first member 10 having a bonding film 11 on a bonding surface and a second member 12 closely put on the bonding surface of the first member 10 through the bonding film 11 in a manner that the first member 10 is rendered as an anode, characterized in that: the bonding film 11 is of a metal film and the second member 12 is of a soda-lime glass, and a bonding temperature is at 100-200° C. and an application voltage is at 0.5-5.0 kV.