Abstract: Glass articles with infrared reflectivity and methods for making the same are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, glass article having infrared reflectivity includes a first surface, a second surface and a body extending between the first and second surfaces. A plurality of discrete layers of metallic silver are formed in the body creating at least one optical cavity in the body. Each discrete layer may have a thickness T such that 100 nm?T?250 nm and may be spaced apart from adjacent layers of metallic silver by a spacing S?500. The glass article reflects at least a portion of electromagnetic radiation incident on the glass article having a wavelength from 800 nm to 2500 nm and transmits at least a portion of electromagnetic radiation incident on the glass article having a wavelength from 390 nm to 750 nm.

Abstract: A method of sealing a workpiece comprising forming an inorganic film over a surface of a first substrate, arranging a workpiece to be protected between the first substrate and a second substrate wherein the inorganic film is in contact with the second substrate; and sealing the workpiece between the first and second substrates as a function of the composition of impurities in the first or second substrates and as a function of the composition of the inorganic film by locally heating the inorganic film with a predetermined laser radiation wavelength. The inorganic film, the first substrate, or the second substrate can be transmissive at approximately 420 nm to approximately 750 nm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device for force-fit connecting glass-like components to metals, particularly for connecting a glass plate (2) to a large-scale mounting element (19) as a central connecting element, particularly made of metal, having the following characteristics: a) an input and control device (6) for inputting process data, b) a storage and positioning device (15) for supplying individual fastener elements (1) as support elements of a central connection element (20), c) having mounting and fixing means (3) for fixing a glass plate (2), d) a thickness measuring device (7) for measuring the thickness of each of the components to be connected and layers of the same, e) a measuring machine (8) for measuring the resonant frequency of the glass plate (2) and a surface sensor (10) for determining the roughness of the glass plate (2), f) a sliding device (11) for pressing together the components to be connected by means of an ultrasonic horn (4), g) a device for generating ultrasonics by

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a glass substrate with buried through electrodes comprises forming via-holes in each of two base panels and in a glass panel interposed between the base panels so that the via-holes are aligned with one another. Conductive wires are penetrated through the aligned via-holes and stretched between the base panels. The first panel is subjected to compression stress and is heated to a temperature higher than a softening point of the glass material so that the stretched conductive wires are buried in the glass material. The first panel is then cooled to form a glass ingot having the buried conductive wires. The glass ingot is sliced to form a glass panel, and the glass panel is polished to expose the buried conductive wires on front and rear surfaces of the glass panel to form a glass substrate with buried through electrodes.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a through electrode-attached glass substrate, electrode through holes and at least one dummy through hole are formed in a plate-shaped glass, and electrode members are inserted into the electrode through holes but not into the at least one dummy through-hole. The plate-shaped glass and the electrode members are welded by heating the plate-shaped glass at a temperature higher than a softening point of the plate-shaped glass so that the glass is allowed to flow into the at least one dummy through hole. Opposite surfaces of the plate-shaped glass are ground together with the electrode members so as to expose the electrode members to the opposite surfaces of the plate-shaped glass and to configure the electrode members as through electrodes that are electrically separated from each other.

Abstract: An anodic bonding method for anodically bonding a first substrate and a second substrate includes: a substrate placement step in which the first substrate and the second substrate are stacked and placed on a flat surface of a base with a surface of one of the first substrate and the second substrate to be cathode in contact with the flat surface of the base; a jig placement step, following the substrate placement step, in which the anodic bonding jig is placed so as to be in contact with a surface of one of the first substrate and the second substrate to be anode, the anodic bonding jig having a visual checking area formed of a material that allows visible light to pass through; an alignment step in which the relative positional relation between the first substrate and the second substrate is adjusted based on visible light passing through the visual checking area so that pairs of marks provided on the first substrate and the second substrate will be in a predetermined positional relation; a pressurizing step

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a hermetic container includes steps of bonding a frame member to a first substrate, by pressing the first substrate and the second substrate to each other by an electrostatic force generated between a first electrode and a second electrode by applying a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, and softening and melting the bonding material. Additional steps include cooling and solidifying the bonding material by simultaneously heating the bonding material with a local heating unit and moving the local heating unit, and increasing the potential difference between the first electrode and a segment of the second electrode, which is in a position at which the segment is heated by the local heating unit.

Abstract: A glass-to-metal bushing for ignitors of airbags or belt tensioning pulleys. A metal pin is arranged in a slot in the base plate in the fixing material, the base plate being formed by one element whereby the base geometry describing the slot is produced by at least one separation process. Structure is provided between the front and rear of the base plate for preventing relative motion of the fixing material in the direction of the base plate rear portion across from the inner circumference of the slot.

Abstract: A feedthrough assembly includes a ferrule, an insulating structure, at least one terminal pin and a glass seal that fixedly secures the insulating structure within the ferrule. The insulating structure has a top portion, a bottom portion, and an inner diameter portion. The inner diameter portion defines at least one aperture extending from the top portion to the bottom portion of the insulating structure. The at least one terminal pin extends through the at least one aperture. The glass seal comprises about 30% B2O3, about 30% to about 40% of a member selected from the group consisting of CaO, MgO, SrO, and combinations thereof, with the proviso that the individual amounts of CaO and MgO are each not greater than about 20%, about 5% La2O3, about 10% SiO2, and about 15% Al2O3, wherein all percentages are mole percentages.

Abstract: A glass-to-metal bushing for ignitors of airbags or belt tensioning pulleys. A metal pin is arranged in a slot in the base plate in the fixing material, the base plate being formed by one element whereby the base geometry describing the slot is produced by at least one separation process. Structure is provided between the front and rear of the base plate for preventing relative motion of the fixing material in the direction of the base plate rear portion across from the inner circumference of the slot.

Abstract: Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack obtainable by a process comprising the use of a glass sealant with composition 50 to 70 wt % SiO2, 0 to 20 wt % Al2O3, 10 to 50 wt % CaO, 0 to 10 wt % MgO, 0 to 2 wt % (Na2o 1K2O), 0 to 10 wt % b2O3, and 0 to 5 wt % of functional elements selected from TiO2, ZrO2, ZrO2, F, P2O5, Mo03, FeO3, MnO 2, La—Sr—Mn—O perovskite (LSM) and combinations thereof. Preferably, the sealant is a sheet of E-glass fibres with a composition in wt % of 52-56 SiO2, 12-16AL2O3, 16-25 CaO, 0-6MgO, 0-2 Na2+K2O, 0-10 B2O3, 0-1.5 TiO2, O-1F.

Abstract: Dental restorations such as crowns, are made from lithium silicate glass ceramic that is heated and pressed onto a metal substrate, the latter being shaped to an impression or scan of the area of the mouth to receive the restoration. The metal substrate is made from an alloy selected to exhibit a coefficient of thermal expansion which is slightly greater than the CTE of the lithium silicate. In a preferred embodiment, the CTE of the lithium silicate glass ceramic is in the range of 11.5 to 12.5 and the alloy is selected to have a CTE of 12 to 13.5. A palladium tin alloy provides that CTE in the preferred embodiment.

Abstract: A stack structure is formed by stacking and bonding a plurality of substrates. The stack structure includes bonding films each of which is interposed in a bonding region between, adjacent glass substrates, and bonded to oxygen atoms in the glass of the substrate by anodic bonding.

Abstract: The invention offers an electrode member for a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, the member having excellent ability to attain intimate contact between the lead portion and glass, and a production method thereof. The electrode member 10 has an electrode portion 11, a lead portion 12, and a glass portion 13. The lead portion 12 is formed such that at least its surface side is composed of an iron-containing metal. The lead portion 12 has on its surface an oxide film 12s at the place covered by the glass portion 13. The oxide film 12s contains FeO. In comparison with an oxide film composed of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, the oxide film 12s containing FeO tends to have great ability to attain intimate contact with glass. Consequently, the electrode member 10 can bring the lead portion 12 into sufficient intimate contact with the glass portion 13, enabling the constituting members from the lead portion 12 to the glass tube of the cold cathode fluorescent lamp to attain sufficient intimate contact between them.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a method of welding a metallic glass and a crystalline metal by shifting a high-energy beam scan area from a butting face thereof to the metallic glass side, to fall within a composition range required for glass phase formation of a metallic glass base material in a simplified assured manner. [Means for Solving Problems] In a welding method for weldingly joining a metallic glass and a crystalline metal together by scanning a high-energy beam in a position shifted from a butt interface between the metallic glass and the crystalline metal toward the metallic glass, it is intended to provide a technique for allowing a composition of a melt zone formed around a welding interface to fall within a composition range required for forming a glass phase in the metallic glass to be joined, in a simple and more reliable manner. A metallic glass (1) and a crystalline metal (2) are butted against each other to define a groove space (Y) over a groove formed on the side of the crystalline metal (2).

Abstract: An x-ray tube (10) includes a feedthrough (30) for feeding electric wires (32) from an exterior of the x-ray tube into an evacuated interior. The feedthrough includes a glass plug (42) having an annular groove (46) in which a tubular end (36a) of a Kovar sleeve (34) is received and thermally fused. The glass plug further has a plurality of bores (44) through which leads (32) are received, which leads have a Kovar section (40) which is received in the bores and thermally fused to the glass plug.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a process of bonding a magnesium aluminate spinel article or articles and a germanate glass article or articles including the step of heating them together above the softening temperature of the glass.

Abstract: The underlying purpose of the invention is to manufacture electrical leadthroughs, which are improved with regard to the temperature resistance thereof. Proposed for this purpose is a method for manufacturing an electrical leadthrough, for which at least one metal tube is fused in a glass insulator, whereby a metal rod is mounted in the metal tube by means of soldering-in, prior to or during the sealing of the tube in the glass insulator.

Abstract: A seal formed between a metal part and a second part that will remain gas tight in high temperature operating environments which experience frequent thermal cycling, which is particularly useful as an insulating joint in solid oxide fuel cells. A first metal part is attached to a reinforcing material. A glass forming material in the positioned in between the first metal part and the second part, and a seal is formed between the first metal part and the second part by heating the glass to a temperature suitable to melt the glass forming materials. The glass encapsulates and bonds at least a portion of the reinforcing material, thereby adding tremendous strength to the overall seal. A ceramic material may be added to the glass forming materials, to assist in forming an insulating barrier between the first metal part and the second part and to regulating the viscosity of the glass during the heating step.

Abstract: A process for fabricating glass art, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a first substrate and a second substrate, wherein each of the first and second substrates comprises an upper surface and a lower surface; (b) providing at least one wire, wherein the at least one wire comprises a first end, a second end, and a length therebetween; (c) associating the first end of the at least one wire with the lower surface of the first substrate and the upper surface of the second substrate; (d) heating the first and second substrates and the at least one wire from ambient temperature to an elevated temperature ranging from approximately 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit to approximately 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit over a period of time ranging from approximately 0.

Abstract: A cylindrical holder material having a thin deformed portion is located in a press forming die. An optical element material is installed inside the holder material and the holder material and the optical element material are heated to their respective softening temperatures, thereby forming a cylindrical holder from the holder material and an optical element from the optical element material by press forming the holder material and the optical element material that have been heated to their respective softening temperatures. Thus, the optical element is integrated inside the holder and the deformed portion of the holder is deformed towards the outside thereof by a pressing force applied by the optical element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing package parts for optical or optoelectronic components. To this end a metal package element is bonded to a transparent package element by means of a glass solder ring, the glass solder being brought in contact with the metal package element and the transparent package element, and the metal package element being inductively heated by an alternating electromagnetic field generated by an induction coil, so that the glass solder is heated and fused in contact with the metal package element and a hermetic, preferably ring-shaped bond between the metal package element and the transparent package element being produced by fusing and subsequently solidifying the glass solder.

Abstract: The device and process allow for continuous processing of metal wire sheathed in glass (10) of considerable length. Normally a feed pipe (15) containing all the necessary metal, itself placed into a glass tube (20), so as to continuously supply a bead (14) to the lower part of the glass tube (20). Heat from a first inductor (23) around the glass tube (20) and a second inductor (24) under the glass tube (20) allow to maintain a bead (14) at a stable temperature and in a continuous manner and to obtain the continuous drawing process of a metal wire sheathed in glass (10).

Abstract: A lid includes a frame, a window which is transmissive to radiation and has a peripheral edge sealingly coupled to the frame, and thermal insulating structure which thermally insulates the peripheral edge of the window. In one embodiment, the thermal insulating structure includes a ring which is made of a thermal insulating material, and extends around the window. In a different embodiment, the thermal insulating structure includes an annular gap between the window and frame, the gap extending around the window. The lid may be part of a housing with a sealed chamber therein, where the window facilitates travel of radiation between the chamber and a location external to the housing.

Abstract: A process for anodically bonding an array of spacer columns to one of the inner major faces on one of the generally planar plates of an evacuated, flat panel video display. The process includes using a generally planar plate having a plurality of spacer column attachment sites; providing electrical interconnection between all attachment sites; coating each attachment site with a patch of oxidizable material; providing an array of unattached permanent glass spacer columns, each unattached permanent spacer column being of uniform length and being positioned longitudinally perpendicular to a single plane, with the plane intersecting the midpoint of each unattached spacer column; positioning the array such that an end of one permanent spacer column is in contact with the oxidizable material patch at each attachment site; and anodically bonding the contacting end of each permanent spacer column to the oxidizable material layer.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) includes a digital micromirror device (16) disposed within a housing (11) that has an opening (13) hermetically sealed by a lid (17). The lid includes a radiation transmissive window (22) with peripheral edges fixedly coupled by an annular sealing section (23) to a metal frame (21). The sealing section engages a frame surface oxidized in a wet nitrogen furnace. The sealing section melts at a temperature lower than the window or frame. The sealing section includes two center rings (151, 152) made of sealing glass that are respectively bonded to the window and frame and to each other. The sealing section also includes inner and outer rings (152, 157, 158) made of sealing glass and disposed on opposite sides of the center rings to protect the center rings from environmental factors.

Abstract: The lead-free glass tubing of the SiO2—B2O3—R2O—BaO—ZnO—TiO2 system has a composition, in percent by weight on an oxide basis, consisting essentially of: SiO2, 34 to 52; B2O3, 10 to 25; Al2O3, 0 to 25; Li2O, 2 to 6; Na2O, 4 to 10; K2O, 2 to 6; CaO, 0 to 4; BaO, 1 to 5; ZnO, 4 to 12; TiO2, 2 to 6, and at least one refining agent in an effective amount for refining. An encapsulated diode consisting of a diode encapsulated with this lead-free glass tubing is also disclosed.

Abstract: A chemical, thermal, and electrical corrosion resistant dry mix for use in fusing glass to metal motor vehicle and building industry articles. A chemical, thermal, and electrical corrosion resistant composition for fusing glass to metal motor vehicle and building industry articles. A method of glass fusing metal motor vehicle and building industry articles using a chemical, thermal, and electrical corrosion resistant dry mix. A method of glass fusing metal motor vehicle and building industry articles with a chemical, thermal, and electrical corrosion resistant composition. A method of fusing single or multiple layers of glass to metal motor vehicle and building industry articles.

Abstract: A metal plate (126) has a plurality of openings (127) extending through it, and is cleaned using a wet hydrogen process (157). Glass windows (106) are then placed in the openings, and are each fused to the metal plate by heat (231) in a manner so that each window projects outwardly on each side of the plate. Both sides of each window are then simultaneously ground and polished (232). Exposed surfaces of the metal plate are electroplated with nickel and gold (236). One or more coatings (41, 46, 47) are applied to one or both sides of each window. Several sections are then cut from the assembly, each of which can serve as a lid (17) for an optical apparatus (10).

Abstract: A chemical, thermal, and electrical corrosion resistant dry mix for use in fusing glass to metal motor vehicle and building industry articles. A chemical, thermal, and electrical corrosion resistant composition for fusing glass to metal motor vehicle and building industry articles. A method of glass fusing metal motor vehicle and building industry articles using a chemical, thermal, and electrical corrosion resistant dry mix. A method of glass fusing metal motor vehicle and building industry articles with a chemical, thermal, and electrical corrosion resistant composition. A method of fusing single or multiple layers of glass to metal motor vehicle and building industry articles.

Abstract: A glass composition for a seal consists essentially of 70-75 wt % of PbO, 3-7 wt % of PbF2, 5-8 wt % of Bi2O3, 5-7 wt % of B203, 2-5 wt % of ZnO, 1-3 wt % of Fe2O3, 0-2 wt % of CuO, 0-2% of TeO2, and a trace <0.2% of MnO2, the composition having a flow temperature of <350° C. Such seals can be flowed at low temperatures, using different and less environmentally damaging constituents to those used before. Damage to temperature sensitive materials near the seals, can be reduced. Low flow temperatures can be achieved without excessive degradation of properties such as low viscosity, low expansion coefficient, good adhesion to glass and metals, low permeability of air, good long term hydrolytic stability. A filler such as a ceramic powder, is added to match the temperature expansion coefficient to the materials being sealed. It can be used to fix silica fiber into electro-optic devices to achieve hermetic joints with high mechanical stability.

Abstract: The device and process allow for continuous processing of metal wire sheathed in glass (10) of considerable length.

Abstract: In the method according to the invention cold or unheated hardened glass and/or glass-ceramic parts are bonded together with a metallic ductile joining material, preferably silver, copper, aluminum or an alloy of those metals, to form a brittle article. The parts to be joined in an initial unheated state are placed with the metallic ductile joining material between them in a high frequency alternating field with frequencies preferably from 100 to 500 kHz. Then the joining material is inductively heated locally to melt it by means of the alternating field and the parts are pressed together to form a sufficiently strong bond between the parts.

Abstract: A method of providing a decorative metal pattern on an electrically non-conductive substrate, such as a glass or plastic substrate, which includes applying a mixture of heat fusible material, such as glass or plastic, with a metal having a particle size less than about 500 mesh constituting at least 50% of the mixture, to the substrate in the desired pattern, heating the so-applied mixture until the heat fusible material fuses and bonds to the substrate, cleaning the substrate with the pattern thereon, and a electroplating the pattern with the desired finish metal. In one method in which the mixture includes glass, a negative resist is adhesively secured to the substrate and the mixture is applied. The resist disintegrates upon heating. In another method, used when the substrate is plastic, a mixture of plastic and metal in past form is applied to the substrate by silk screening or pad printing to form the pattern.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a front-end optical component of an endoscope realizing resistance to humidity. In the method of manufacturing a front-end optical component in which a lens is mounted on the front end of a metallic lens-barrel provided on the front end of the inserting portion of an endoscope, the configuration is made such that a lens raw material is placed on the front-end side in the lens-barrel, the lens raw material is press-formed in a heat-softened state with a pair of upper and lower shaping dies, thereby tightly joining the outer edge of the pressed lens raw material to the inner peripheral surface of the lens-barrel.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) includes a digital micromirror device (16) disposed within a housing (11) that has an opening (13) hermetically sealed by a lid (17). The lid includes a radiation transmissive window (22) with peripheral edges fixedly coupled by an annular sealing section (23) to a metal frame (21). The sealing section engages a frame surface oxidized in a wet nitrogen furnace. The sealing section melts at a temperature lower than the window or frame. The sealing section includes two center rings (151, 152) made of sealing glass that are respectively bonded to the window and frame and to each other. The sealing section also includes inner and outer rings (152, 157, 158) made of sealing glass and disposed on opposite sides of the center rings to protect the center rings from environmental factors.

Abstract: A thermoelectric device operable at below ambient, ambient or high temperatures and a method of fabricating the same is provided. The thermoelectric device is made of first and second ceramic plates. An array of thermoelectric elements are coupled between the plates with metal filled glass. The metal filled glass is capable of attaching the thermoelectric elements to the plates, as well as electrically and thermally coupling the thermoelectric elements to the plates. The thermoelectric devices are fabricated by applying metal filled glass to a plate, positioning thermoelectric elements in the metal filled glass in an electrically serpentine manner and curing the metal filled glass to affix the plates and the thermoelectric elements together.

Abstract: We have developed a method of anodic bonding which directs cations to a location within a bonding structure which is away from critical bonding surfaces. This prevents the formation of compounds comprising the cations at the critical bonding surfaces. The anodic bonding electrode contacts are made in a manner which concentrates the cations and compounds thereof in a portion of the bonded structure which can be removed, or cleaned to remove the compounds from the structure. A device formed from the bonded structure contains minimal, if any, of the cation-comprising compounds which weaken bond strength within the structure. In the alternative, the cations and compounds thereof are directed to a portion of the bonding structure which does not affect the function of a device which includes the bonded structure.

Abstract: Metal collar device of the type used for integrating a glass part and a metal part of different coefficients of expansion. The collar is circular and comprises a first portion intended to be in contact with the metal part, a second portion intended to be in contact with the glass part and a bonding portion placed between said first and second portions. The second portion is not as thick as the first portion and as the bonding portion, so that it can adjust to the expansion of the glass part by exerting stresses on the latter below the limit of resistance of said glass part.

Abstract: A hermetic glass-to-metal seal between a conductive pin and an outer body, wherein a corrosion-resistant noble metal (e.g., gold) coating is applied to the conductive pin before the hermetic seal is formed. The noble metal-coated conductive pin is located in glass having a softening point less than about 650° C. and disposed in a cavity of the outer body. This is accomplished by inserting the coated conductive pin into a bore in a glass preform, heating the assembly to a temperature in excess of the softening point of the glass but less than about 700° C., and cooling the assembly. The coefficients of thermal expansion of the components of the assembly are preferably selected such that the resulting assembly is a hermetic compression seal.

Abstract: A method of embedding a magnetically attractable member (25) in a ceramic material (1) and a system therefor wherein there are provided a magnetically attractable member and a ceramic member capable of being placed in a molten state. The magnetically attractable member is disposed over the ceramic member and the ceramic member is placed in a molten state. The magnetically attractable member is then disposed in the molten ceramic member by magnetic attraction and the molten ceramic member is then hardened around the magnetically attractable member. The magnetically attractable member is taken from the class consisting of Alloy 42 and Kovar. The ceramic member is preferably a glass. The ceramic member is preferably disposed on a semiconductor package and the magnetically attractable member is preferably at least a portion of a semiconductor lead frame.