Abstract: A stitchbonded fabric with excellent insulating and stretchability characteristics and good laundering durability formed from a bonded fibrous layer stitchbonded with elastic thread under tension, which is then subjected to a relaxed shrinkage treatment to increase its thickness and volume.

Abstract: An apparatus for laying groups of transverse weft threads for a warp knitting machine, the threads being laid on two longitudinal conveyors running to the needle bed by means of a carriage which is reciprocated between and transversely to the direction of travel of the longitudinal conveyors. The weft threads laid after the forward movement lie parallel to the weft threads laid after the backward movement and with the same spacing from the adjacent weft thread in each case. First groups of weft threads are laid as a first layer and then groups of weft threads are laid as a second layer on the first layer in a direction of their weft threads which forms, with the direction of the weft threads of the first layer, and angle, particularly of at least 20.degree., which opens transversely to the direction of travel of the longitudinal conveyors.

Abstract: A strip of backing cloth that is adapted for use as padding in garments includes a knitted underlayer formed from a multiplicity of backing yarns and includes a series of successive, lengthwise areas positioned adjacent to one another. Each area is formed of backing yarns that vary in at least one of size and composition from the backing yarns forming a respective adjacent area. The variation in the backing yarns forming the areas provides the knitted underlayer with selectively variable reinforcement.

Abstract: A warp-knit tape for hook-and-loop fasteners comprises a pile portion and selvage portions extending on opposite longitudinal edges thereof, the pile portion being constructed with pile threads, foundation threads and laid-in weft threads. The pile threads are knitted into a continuous chain of pile loops each having a rise portion and a horizontally extending flat portion and linking in interlaced relation with adjacent loops.

Abstract: A dry cleanable self-lined unfinished lustrous antique satin fabric having good hand, good crease resistance, and a woven look is provided. The fabric is a weft inserted warp knit (wiwk) fabric which has a multiple substrate, a single substrate with foam backing, or a single substrate with an additional sewn lining. The weft yarn is on the face of the substrate, and is a lustrous yarn such as rayon (as when producing non-washable draperies), or acrylic, bright polyester or acetate (as when producing washable draperies). The weft has a density equivalent to between about 36-52 single picks per inch, and at least part of the weft may comprise a novelty yarn. The warp yarn is stitching yarn, in a tricot stitch configuration. The warp yarn is a low-shrinkage filament yarn that is not fully oriented, and has a denier of between about 20-60, and an elongation of at least 15 percent. Non-woven inexpensive polyester substrate may be utilized; if a single layer is utilized it has a maximum weight of 2.

Abstract: Aesthetic warp-knit, weft-inserted fabrics are produced having multiple substrate layers, warp yarns extending in the warp-wise direction of the fabric, and weft yarns extending in the weft-wise direction of the fabric. The warp and/or weft yarns are interposed between the multiple substrate layers. Warp stitching yarns forming stitch wales spaced-apart along the warp-wise direction of the fabric and stitched through the substrate layers hold the warp and weft yarns in position relative to one another and relative to the substrates. The substrates may also be provided in juxtaposed relationship to one another so as to increase the opacity, esthetics, and dimensional stability of the resulting fabric. Thermoplastic fibers may be incorporated in the fabric such that upon plasticization and subsequent cooling, they assist in binding of the resulting fabric.

Abstract: The circular warp knit composite cord includes a circular warp knit tube with a plurality of wales of base yarn needle loops circumferentially spaced around the tube. The base yarns forming the wales of needle loops also form laps extending between and the interconnecting the circumferentially spaced wales of base yarn needle loops. Inlaid yarns are interlaced in selected ones of the wales of the base yarn needle loops and extend therealong to control longitudinal stretchability of the circular warp knit tube. If desired, a core element can be provided to extend longitudinally along the center of the circular warp knit tube. The knitting of the composite card is carried out on a circular warp knitting machine including circularly arranged and circumferentially spaced-apart needles supported for simultaneous longitudinal movement between an upper clearing level and a lower stitch loop forming level.

Abstract: A warp-knit tape is disclosed for use in hook-and-loop fasteners, which tape comprises a pile portion and selvage portions on opposite sides thereof, the pile portion including pile-loops arranged to extend longitudinally in a meandering fashion to prevent the same from tilting down flat on the surface of the tape.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for laying a drawthread into a machine knitted fabric. Before it is laid the drawthread is carried from between one side and another of the yarns which are being knitted to form the fabric by a component which passes between yarn guides of the machine. The component may be permanently located between the yarn guides or may pass between the yarn guides and out again between two stitch forming cycles of the machine. On both sides the drawthread is positioned by the said component clear of the area where stitches are formed so that it is not knitted into the fabric.

Abstract: Novel spatial warp knitted structures are knitted on a double needle bar Raschel machine or a spatial warp knitting machine formed by modifying a double needle bar Raschel machine. A basic spatial warp knitted structure including two warp knitted fabrics facing each other, uniting threads uniting the two warp knitted fabrics, and insert warp threads and/or insert weft threads inserted between and in parallel to the two warp knitted fabrics so as to intersect the uniting threads or to be interlaced with the uniting threads.

Abstract: A nonwoven fabric comprises a layer of substantially nonbonded layer of textile-decitex fibers. The layer is multi-needle stitched with an elastic stitching thread which causes the fabric to contract to less than 40%, preferably to 30 to 20%, of its original area. The nonwoven fabric is particularly suited for use as a dust-cloth.

Abstract: Greenhouse screen for use as a filter for short-day treatment of plants and made of a film, textile, non-woven material or a combination thereof with high light resitance and good weathering conditions. The greenhouse screen at least partly consists of a material which in one or more layers has high absorption of light in a significant part of the wavelength interval 575-800 nm and with substantially total absorption in the wavelength interval 600-750 nm and which has high transmittance of light in the wavelength interval 400-575 nm.

Abstract: The open mesh warp knit fabric of the present invention includes a base fabric knit with electrically nonconductive base yarn and forming an open mesh pattern of lightweight construction having spaced openings to provide ventilation therethrough. Electrically conductive filaments are incorporated in the base fabric and provide an open grid extending throughout the entire area of the base fabrics with the conductive filaments being incorporated predominantly in only one side of the base fabric. The conductive yarns provide only about one-half of one percent of the total weight of the fabric and are of a relatively fine denier so that the conductive yarn is substantially invisible to the naked eye. Various types of garments and accessories are illustrated as being formed of the electrostatic dissipating fabric.

Abstract: In a method of producing composite sheet material by forming longitudinal rows of stitches 7 in a paper sheet material 1, the length of paper sheet material 1 used per stitch 7 is increased so that there is entrapped within each stitch 7 in each longitudinal row of stitches 7 a portion of paper sheet material 1 having a length greater than the length of the completed stitch 7. In consequence there are formed in the composite sheet material a longitudinal series of laterally extending corrugations, ridges or ribs which, in the case of a crepe paper sheet material 22, constitute a gross crimp imposed without distortion of the crimps in the initial crepe paper sheet material 22.

Abstract: Flexible coated abrasives with facile straight tear in either the length or cross directions can be made on stitch bonded fabric backings having (1) an aral density between 51 and 153 gm/m.sup.2, (2) a tensile strength in the length direction between 5.4 and 12.6 kN/m of width, (3) a tensile strength in the cross direction which is between 5.4 and 11.7 kN/m of length and is between 0.9 and 1.35 times as great as the length direction tensile strength, (4) an elongation to break in the length direction of not more than 40%, and (5) an elongation to break in the cross direction of not more than 35%. The fabric is prepared for coating by saturation with at least its own weight of a finishing adhesive composed primarily of latices of acrylic homopolymers, acrylic copolymers, butadienestyrene polymers, or mixtures of these types.

Abstract: An aesthetic dimensionally stable fabric suitable for use as drapery and upholstery or other decorative fabric is produced utilizing a weft inserted warp knitting machine having two or more stitching bars. A substrate that is dimensionally stable warp-wise (such as a 100 percent polyester nonwoven fabric that is dimensionally stable both warp-wise and weft-wise) is fed to the machine, as are weft yarns. The weft yarns are stitched in place by stitching thread fed to the stitching bars, the two main stitching bars moving in opposite directions in a basically zigzag form to create an aesthetically pleasing effect, but forming a pattern which is not dimensionally stable. However the end fabric produced is dimensionally stable as a result of the substrate properties. Stitching thread is preferably fed to a third stitching bar which is utilized to provide a dimensionally stable stitching pattern in the selvage areas of the fabric to facilitate finishing operations on the fabric.

Abstract: Crochet tools for producing bands on a crochet galloon machine. For the production of thin bands on ten or more crochet needles (10, 10') per centimeter of width, the stems of the crochet needles (10,10') are clamped over more than half the length of the needle. A knocking-over bar (20) fastened to the machine has a free straight edge (66) which adjoins closely but without play those parts of the crochet needles (10,10') which project out of the clamp device. The crochet needles are clamped with adequate security against lateral bending. There is no friction between the crochet needles at the knocking-over bar (20). The crochet needles can be clamped in groups, so that they stiffen one another. For the feeding of elastic threads use is made of combs (6) which are displaced laterally to-and-fro relative to the crochet needles in the working rhythm, but which are disposed at a uniform height relative to the crochet needles.

Abstract: A warp knit fabric comprises a substrate (preferably a non-woven fabric), plural warp yarns laid on a face of the substrate, plural weft yarns laid over the warp yarns, and plural stitch wales spaced-apart along the warp-wise direction of the fabric and being stitched through the substrate to hold the weft and warp yarns in position thereon. In such a manner, the warp yarns are interposed between the inserted weft yarns and the substrate face. A method and apparatus is also disclosed whereby the substrate and plural weft yarns are fed to a knitting area while concurrently interposing the warp yarns between a face of the substrate and the weft yarns. The weft yarns are then inserted into stitches of warp knitting yarns formed by stitching the warp knitting yarns, at the knitting ara, through the substrate so as to hold the weft-inserted yarns, and thus the interposed warp yarns, to the substrate face.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for laying groups of transverse weft threads for a warp knitting machine, the threads being laid on two longitudinal conveyors running to the needle bed by means of a carriage which is reciprocated between and transversely to the direction of travel of the longitudinal conveyors. The weft threads laid after the forward movement lie parallel to the weft threads laid after the backward movement and with the same spacing from the adjacent weft thread in each case. First groups of weft threads are laid as a first layer and then groups of weft threads are laid as a second layer on the first layer in a direction of their weft threads which forms, with the direction of the weft threads of the first layer, an angle, particularly of at least 20.degree., which opens transversely to the direction of travel of the longitudinal conveyors.

Abstract: A structural fiber pre-form useful as a structural article when saturated with a resin which is subsequently cured is disclosed, which is comprised of a large number of tightly packed, parallel structural yarns. The yarns are held in alignment by a sewing yarn passing vertically around and between the yarns. The pre-form may be covered with a smooth covering, such as a fabric covering, which may either be sewn to the fiber pre-form in a single process, bound thereto by curing of a saturating resin, or a combination of processes.

Abstract: Warp knitting of a stretch fabric suitable for outerwear end uses and simulating woven fabric is carried out to produce a coherent ground structure comprising non-elastomeric yarn, covered elastomeric yarns being laid into said ground structure.

Abstract: A thermal insulating fabric is described. The fabric is a stitch-bonded, fibrous, nonwoven web of microfibers that average about 10 micrometers or less in diameter.

Abstract: A fabric for use as a green house curtain has spaced strips of flexible sheet material running in the longitudinal direction of the fabric, the strips being supported in a yarn framework of textile threads. The textile thread framework has transverse and longitudinal connection threads. The longitudinal threads are located between the strips on one side only of the fabric and the transverse threads are located on both sides of the fabric so as to extend respectively across opposite surfaces of the strips to trap the strips therebetween. The transverse threads on the side of the fabric opposite the longitudinal threads extend through the spaces between the strips for connection to the longitudinal threads.

Abstract: A knitted waistband curl-preventing strip is disclosed in which the monofilament stiffener element is knitted into the strip as a part of the courses, but is not inlaid through the outer most lateral wales so that the monofilament stiffener does not extend from lateral edge to lateral edge of the strip. The waistband curl-preventing strip provides soft of flexible edges, and a larger turning radius for the monofilament stiffener which prevents breakage of the monofilament stiffener.

Abstract: Curtain fabrics for use as greenhouse curtains or shading fabrics comprise strips of metal foil incorporated in a yarn network having longitudinal and transverse connection threads. Transverse threads on the other side of the fabric extend between adjacent strips for connection to the longitudinal threads. In the case of greenhouse curtain the strips are situated between each adjacent pair of longitudinal connection threads while in the case of a shading fabric the strips are more widely spaced so as to provide ventillation spaces therebetween.

Abstract: A double layer fabric manufactured by means of a weft insertion knitting machine comprises a support web provided on a front face or surface with an at least partially rectangular or rectilinear printed design. An overlying fabric web is knitted to the front surface of the support web, the overlying web having a knitted structure with the appearance of a woven fabric having weft and warp yarns juxtaposed to respective lines in the printed design on the front surface of the support web so as to form an enhanced visual pattern on the material.

Abstract: A warp knit weft insertion fabric has a plurality of warp yarns and weft insertion yarns of a denier of at least about 1000, each of which yarns is separated from its neighbors by a plurality of yarns of a lower denier of about 220 to about 1800, the ratio of denier of the heavier yarn to lighter yarn being about 1.5 to about 6:1. The arrangement of yarns in both warp and weft is optionally symmetrical, i.e. there are the same number of yarns per inch and the same number and denier of the lighter weight yarns separating the same number and denier of the heavier yarns in both directions. In a particular feature of the invention the yarns in one or both directions are formed in situ by feeding two or more yarns of lower denier in tandem during the knitting process to form a single yarn of higher denier in the finished fabric.The fabric is employed as a reinforcement for sheet material of thermoplastic synthetic resin (by lamination or coating techniques and the like).

Abstract: An aesthetic dimensionally stable fabric suitable for use as drapery and upholstery fabric, or like decorative fabrics, is produced utilizing a weft inserted warp knitting machine having three or more stitching bars. A substrate that is dimensionally stable warp-wise (such as a 100 percent polyester non-woven fabric that is dimensionally stable both warp-wise and weft-wise) is fed to the machine, as are weft yarns. The weft yarns are stitched in place by stitching thread fed to the stitching bars, the two main stitching bars moving in opposite directions in a basically zigzag form to create an aesthetically pleasing effect, but forming a pattern which is not dimensionally stable. However the final fabric produced is dimensionally stable as a result of the substrate properties. The intermediate fabric has selvage areas.

Abstract: An improved warp knit fabric that can use conventional warp knit base fabric constructions or instead produce novel sheer base fabrics and apply top effect yarns in the warp direction to produce novelty effects using standard yarn ends. Also, full weight, self-lined fabrics can be formed. This top effect yarn can be fed with varying tension control so that a relatively wide variety of effects can be created together with base fabric which is chosen.

Abstract: A warp knitted fabric employs a warp knitted pattern as the ground stitches. In this novel fabric there are reinforcing threads of a substantially rigid material. The weft threads may run parallel to each other and are located between the needle loops of stitch rows that follow each other sequentially in the warping direction. Additionally, there are two sets of diagonal threads both of which run alternatively: (a) between two needle loops of neighboring wales and (b) between two needle loops of successive stitch rows. Laid-in warp threads may be provided between needle loops of adjacent wales. There is thus provided a fabric having higher rigidity in all directions.

Abstract: A laminated non-woven fabric having a stitched core of cellular sheet material and facings of fiber batting needled through the core and partially into the opposite facing, the fibers in the facings dominantly extending transversely to the stitching of the core.

Abstract: In knitted goods, particularly pile-knit goods, with pile yarn tied into the loops and with weft elements extending at least over two-needle spacings, the pile-forming pile yarns are tied together only in every second course. This may be implemented by tying-in the pile yarns as loop jointly with the meshing yarn while weft yarns and dead piles are preferably tied as weft into the in-between courses. When tying the patterning piles as weft into every second course, dead pile and weft are also ties into these courses, while the in-between course will preferably consist only of the meshing warp yarn.

Abstract: This invention relates to a thermal-fusible tape used to adhere two fabrics together, and used especially to hem slacks.The adhesive tape of the present invention consists of a warp knitted tape, and at least one thermal adhesive thread which longitudinally extends the width of several wales of the warp knitted fabric in each edge portion of said tape and said thread is positioned on one or both surfaces of said warp knitted fabric.

Abstract: Novel stitch bonded fleece fabrics are made on two bar machines with the front bar knitting pillar stitch and the back bar, with incomplete e.g. half set threading, traversing adjacent wales of the front bar, the tension of the back bar threads in relation to that of the front bar threads being such as to pull adjacent wales of the pillar stitches together. The back bar threads are alternately knitted and laid in, which results in large and small loops causing the fleece fibers to bunch into weftway fiber bundles. The combination of wales pulled together and the weft effect can simulate the appearance of a leno weave fabric.

Abstract: Novel stitch bonded fleece fabrics are made on two guide bar machines with the front bar knitting pillar stitch and the back bar with incomplete e.g. half set threading, traversing adjacent wales of the front bar and forming stitches in only one of said adjacent wales and having fewer stitches than courses. Stitches that have both front and back thread loops are made significantly smaller and tighter than stitches with front bar thread loops only, and this gives rise to a compact bunching of the fleece fibres giving a marked woven weft effect.

Abstract: A fiber sheet for forming comprising a low softening point fiber and/or a high stretchability fiber and a high softening point fiber.

Abstract: A wall covering has a textile element secured to a backing by a thermo-fusible material. The textile element is formed of compacted zig-zags of the warp formed by a crocheting machine and held on the backing by chain stitching parallel to the direction of movement in the machine. The chain stitching along the selvage edges of the element precut the backing for removal of excess backing by tearing. The covering is coupled by a final step of fusing the thermo-fusible material.

Abstract: A fabric having a novel warp lift-off-resistant construction is made on a stitch-through type machine equipped with a single knitting thread guide bar and comprises a flexible substrate such as a layer of textile yarn filling elements, a plurality of warp elements laid on the substrate in the longitudinal or warpwise direction, and knitting thread forming a multiplicity of warpwise stitches in a warp lift-off-resistant configuration. The knitting thread warp lift-off-resistant configuration comprises, in one embodiment, a combination of at least one half-tricot stitch course and one or more consecutive chain stitch courses on a given knitting thread wale to bind together into an integrated structure the substrate and warp elements, to secure the substrate and warp elements against relative displacement, and to stabilize the fabric against running or lifting off of the warp elements from the fabric surface.

Abstract: A laminated structure for use in wall construction is disclosed which comprises a rigid support and an integrally self-lined textile material having a front surface and a rear surface and adhesively bonded on its rear surface to the rigid support. The textile material comprises, in one embodiment, (i) a nonwoven spun fibrous batting constituting the rear surface of the textile material and capable of being stitched-through without substantial loss of strength by knitting thread; (ii) a layer of filling disposed upon the batting; (iii) one or more warp elements disposed upon the filling so as to constitute the front surface of the textile material; and (iv) a single system of knitting thread wales, each wale comprising a multiplicity of warpwise looped stitch courses which engage and hold together the batting, filling and warp elements into an integrated unitary textile structure.

Abstract: An elastic warp knit fabric having ravel resistant features made of a number of base yarns which are knitted to form a plurality of closed loops extending in a warp direction to form wales including interior wales, an end wale and an adjacent wale adjacent to the end wale. Elastic yarns are laid into the adjacent wale and interior wales. Filler yarns are included which extend in a weft direction and which are laid into the closed loops of each course. A locking yarn to prevent unraveling of the end wale is knitted into the end wale to form open loops in alternate courses and knitted into the adjacent wale to form closed loops in alternate courses.The end wale may have the elastic yarn eliminated therefrom in order to form a soft edge of the fabric in which event the adjacent wale then has a further elastic yarn to compensate for the elastic yarn removed from the end wale.

Abstract: A fabric composed of a fleece or backing of fibrous material with parallel rows of single thread, sewn-knitted, run resistant, stitches superimposed thereon; a method of making the fabric and a warp knitting machine which is suitable for the production of the sewn-knitted fabric. The fabric can advantageously be used for outer garments, household or space textiles.

Abstract: A fabric is produced in a stitch-through type machine such as a Malimo maching using the apparatus and method of the invention which has at least two warp yarn design elements laid on a flexible substrate (e.g., a layer of textile filling elements) along rectilinear or non-rectilinear paths and on which a plurality of adjacent design elements are twisted (e.g., symmetrically at 180.degree. per twist) in an aesthetically pleasing configuration at spaced intervals along the warp direction. The design elements are bound to the substrate by knitting thread which forms a multiplicity of warpwise loop chains (e.g., a half-tricot stitch) to secure the substrate and design elements against relative displacement and to form thereby an integrated fabric structure.

Abstract: A lightweight, porous knitted elastic bandage is produced from a warp of false-twist synthetic yarns with a filling inlay of regular yarns. The filling yarns are arranged in varying patterns across the warp yarns so that a portion of their length lies in looped and cursive configuration upon the surface of the bandage, and the structure is so open that overlapping layers of the bandage cling to each other in substantially non-displaceable relationship.

Abstract: A fabric composed of a fleece or backing of fibrous material with parallel rows of single thread, stitch bonded, run resistant, stitches superimposed thereon; a method of making the fabric and a warp knitting machine which is suitable for the production of the stitch bonded fabric. The fabric can advantageously be used for outer garments, household or space textiles.

Abstract: A fabric is produced in a stitch-through type machine such as a Malimo machine using the apparatus and method of the invention which has at least two warp yarn design elements laid on a flexible substrate (e.g., a layer of textile filling elements) along rectilinear or non-rectilinear paths and on which a plurality of adjacent design elements are twisted (e.g., symmetrically at 180.degree. per twist) in an aesthetically pleasing configuration at spaced intervals along the warp direction. The design elements are bound to the substrate by knitting thread which forms a multiplicity of warpwise loop chains (e.g., a half-tricot stitch) to secure the substate and design elements against relative displacement and to form thereby an integrated fabric structure.

Abstract: A warp-knit fabric comprises a multiplicity of longitudinally extending and relatively inelastic warp yarns each forming a longitudinally extending chain of loops in turn forming a plurality of longitudinally extending wales. A multiplicity of mainly transversely extending and relatively elastic first weft yarns are laid into the loops of the warp yarns over only one of the wales thereof. A multiplicity of mainly transversely extending and relatively elastic second weft yarns are each laid into the loops of the warp yarns over at least two of the wales thereof. More specifically these second weft yarns are laid in over two wales, then in the next succeeding course move back one wale, then in the next succeeding course move forward two wales so as to achieve an overall warp reach of three wales.

Abstract: Course count control during heat setting of stretchable warp knit fabric is provided by selvedge knitted with the fabric and along its edges, the selvedge having a predetermined lesser stretchability than that of the fabric to serve as a limit stop to the longitudinal stretch of the fabric to provide the course count desired for the fabric.

Abstract: A slide-fastener stringer half comprises a knit tape having a plurality of parallel longitudinally extending wales and a plurality of transversely extending courses, and a monofilamentary coupling element on the tape and having a succession of turns each having a pair of shanks and a coupling head joining the shanks and projecting transversely beyond the longitudinal edge of the tape. The shanks of each turn lie at least in regions adjacent the respective head in a plane generally perpendicular to the tape. The tape comprises at least one warp yarn forming a chain knitted into the tape at every other course and overlying the shanks at the regions adjacent the heads. Thus the shanks are laid into the chains at these regions so that the coupling element is thoroughly integrated into the knit of the tape. The tape itself may be formed of a full-tricot ground. Alternatively the tape can be formed of second weft yarns having open loops at each course and extending transversely each over two respective wales.

Abstract: A warp knit fabric containing weft inserted protective yarn-covered activd-carbon yarn which is particularly adapted for use in clothing for protection of the wearer against toxic chemical vapors or gases, the toxic vapors being sorbed by the activated-carbon yarn portion of the weft. Non-carbon yarns are used in the warp.

Abstract: A stitch-bonded fabric having two split-film layers as a weft component and one split-film layer as a warp component held together by a stitching yarn is improved significantly in its performance as a primary backing for a tufted pile carpet by having a nonwoven sheet of continuous organic filaments attached to the warp component. In tufting, the nonwoven sheet becomes the back side of the backing.