Abstract: A bleaching kier comprising a compartment of container into and out of which flaccid material is conveyed, in combination with (a) a control device for controlling the amount of elongated cloth being conveyed to the compartment, (b) a device for conveying the elongated cloth along a predetermined path without imparting a crease thereto, and (c) a device for removing a large portion of bleaching liquor from the elongated cloth prior to it being conveyed to a washer. The control device includes a drum with a plurality of upstanding members on its outer surface for engaging and conveying the elongated cloth to the compartment and a "U" shaped member, adapted to be moved from a first position, where the elongated cloth is in contact with the upstanding members, to a second position where the elongated cloth is not in contact therewith.

Abstract: The invention discloses an apparatus for the preparation and distribution of dye solutions to a dyeing apparatus or to a color kitchen, including a unit for the loading of powder-dye into dissolution vats, a collector unit for conveyance of the dye solution to a distributor unit and for pipe flushing, and a distributor unit. The collector unit consists of a selection-plate, which alternatively connects the distributor unit with the dissolution vats or with a flushing water-network, wherein the distributor unit consists of a plurality of outlets supplied by the collector unit, through a rotary collector, the outlets being connected with the dyeing equipment or with the color kitchen, or with sewers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for washing laundry without hot water and detergent using a closed loop ozonated wash water system wherein wash water maintained in a storage tank is ozonated by an ozone generator prior to use in a washing machine. The spent wash water is collected, filtered and reused thereby eliminating waste water disposal problems and resulting in considerable water and energy savings. The ozone generator includes a unique air flow configuration to maximize ozone generation resulting in a high efficiency washing system.

Abstract: In a full-automated washer, a cloth amount sensor detects a quantity of an object being washed which is thrown into a washing drum as a value inclusive of information regarding a degree of bulkiness of the object to be washed. A processing circuit included in the full-automated washer is responsive to a detection output signal from the cloth amount sensor to determine a water supply amount, a cleanser feed amount, a stirring time and a rinsing time. The cloth amount sensor is mounted to a stirring motor. Upon an OFF-state of the motor, the detection output signal is generated by measuring a voltage waveform induced by inertial motion which varies in accordance the degree of bulkiness of the object to be washed.

Abstract: Continuous process for dyeing a textile thread by impregnation under pressure, followed by fluid extraction. The dye solution is applied to the thread in an impregnation enclosure, the thread then passes into a fluid extraction enclosure under which liquid is recovered to regenerate it and reuse it as dye. A regeneration enclosure is connected to an automatic color analyzer and to a calculation unit controlling the dosing apparatus for colorants.

Abstract: Load unbalance in an inverter driven washing machine is detected by examining the ripple in the DC inverter bus current. Ripple above a predetermined level is indicative of load unbalance. If the ripple indicates the load is unbalanced, the distribution cycle of the washing machine is attempted again in an attempt to more nearly balance the clothes. After a certain number of tries, if the load is still unbalanced the spin cycle is aborted. If the ripple falls below a predetermined level before the maximum number of tries is reached, the spin cycle is started. The frequency of operation is checked during the spin cycle to adjust the cycle time to the particular degree of load balance achieved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for controlling the distribution of color on a web of textile material in a textile dyeing process. The apparatus includes a color sensor for sensing a selected color characteristic of the textile web, such as, for example, the distribution of color, at a sensing location downstream of a nip device of a textile padding machine. The nip device removes excess dye liquor from the textile web to dispose the textile web at an initial moisture content as it exits the textile padding machine. The amount of the dye liquor removal through the nip operation is controlled in response to the color characteristic sensed by the color sensor so that the textile web is disposed at an initial moisture content upon exiting the textile padding machine which facilitates a desired color distribution when the textile web is subsequently dried.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an extractor wherein tubular knitted fabric is ballooned, prior to the extraction of, usually water from the fabric, in an arrangement comprising a nip formed by two rolls. A tubular knit fabric additive applying mechanism is formed by providing a reservoir consisting of these two rolls and sealing or dam members disposed at each of the opposite ends of the above mentioned rolls. A single drive is provided one roll and functions to drive the second roll and a third roll disposed to form a nip with the second roll to extract excess additive from the fabric as it passes through the last mentioned nip. A method of applying an additive to a tubular knitted fabric moving the fabric through a nip to extract liquid therefrom and then immediately subjecting the fabric to an application of additive and immediately following this application by subjecting the fabric to the removal of the additive in a second nip.

Abstract: A method for continuous dyeing of tubular cotton knit fabrics with reactive dyes, in which method the fabric passes through a padding phase, optionally a swelling phase, a levelling phase, conducted in a steamer, a fixation phase conducted in the steamer, and a washing out, and in which the tubular fabric is ballooned at least once in the levelling phase, characterized in that before each ballooning in the levelling phase the length of fabric is passed through a bath of a neutral, inert salt and after each ballooning is squeezed to approximately the same moisture content as at the inlet to the salt bath, the squeezed off liquid being recirculated to the salt bath.

Abstract: A moveable shield and associated liquid containment system which may be used with machines in which arrays of individual streams of liquid dye are used to pattern substrates. The shield associated with a given array selectively may be interposed between the substrate and the liquid dye streams of that array to prevent substrate contact by the liquid streams as, for example, during cleaning operations, or withdrawn to permit unimpeded substrate contact by the liquid dye stream. One or more arrays may be cleaned or charged with a different color dyestuff while the remaining arrays are used to pattern the substrate, eliminating the down time presently associated with the cleaning or dye changing of individual arrays.

Abstract: A washing machine has a rotatable drum for holding items being washed and water for washing the items. The number of items in the drum and the amount of water in the drum may vary. Power is supplied from an inverter to a motor which rotates the rotatable drum. A speed control responsive to the inverter current regulates the drum rotating speed within a selected range.

Abstract: An automatic washer having an improved recirculation system wherein wash liquid is collected in a sump and recirculated onto the clothes load in a first recirculation loop and wash liquid is recirculated from a mixing tank through conduits and a pump back to the mixing tank to effect thorough mixing of the wash liquid. The mixing tank can be selectively connected to the first recirculation loop to direct selected amounts of wash fluid into the wash load, and a sensor is provided to sense the amount of wash fluid in the sump to assure that a sufficient amount of wash fluid is being recirculated into the clothes load.

Abstract: An optical part for light transmission comprises a light conductor formed of a core of a transparent material and a clad of a material having a smaller refractive index than that of the core material, and a light emitting and/or receiving element, wherein the light emitting and/or receiving element is integrally combined with the core of the light conductor by a same material as the core material or by a material having a same refractive index as that of the core material and having a greater rigidity than that of the material forming the clad and/or jacket. The optical part can be used in a high temperature environment as well as a room temperature environment without involving any appreciable loss in light transmission.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for dyeing an elongate textile material with different colors at predetermined intervals in a substantially continuous, uninterrupted cycle of operation. The apparatus comprises a plurality of dye baths exchangeable one with another, a nip and guide roll assembly rotatable into dyeing position in timed relation to the particular dye bath which has been exchanged; an orienting guide roll assembly carrying thereon a plurality of guide rolls and a cam plate adapted to retract one of the guide rolls away from the path of dyed material, and a cylindrical drum drier having a plurality of apertures for the passage of dyed and undyed materials, respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for the discontinuous wet processing of knitted or worked textile material (knitted fabric) (1) which circulates continuously in a tank (2), being passed through a resting zone (7) in the lower region of the tank and through a dipping vat containing a treatment liquor (14). In order in particular to be able to wet process even small production quantities economically, reliably and in open width, the textile material is spread by rollers (12 and 13) in the region of the dipping vat (before it and/or after it) and in the region above this dipping vat it has fluid removed from it by squeezer rolls (15) to a predetermined residual moisture content before it again enters the resting zone (7) in its continuous circulation.

Abstract: In order to be able to distribute the stretching forces more uniformly when stretching the fabric web in respect of width in the conical entry area of the tentering frame, the edge zones (14, 14') of the fabric web (2) are sprayed with a hot medium, for example hot weak lye, more heavily than the central zone (19). The already stabilized edge zones thus transmit the stretching forces into the central zone, thus avoiding different spacings between the warp threads after the stretching operation. Differentiated spraying is achieved by means of spray pipes (13) which are arranged in a particular fashion.

Abstract: A method for preshrinking tubular knit fabrics in which the fabric is treated as a continuous length in tubular form. The elongated tube is continuously fed lengthwise into a series of liquid baths which include a wetting agent, scouring and washing constituents and rinses and any finish is to be applied to the fabric. The fabric tube is caused to advance into and through the bath in a substantially tensionless state by pushing the fabric into the flow of liquid and through the bath to avoid applying substantial tension. From the washing and rinsing baths, the saturated fabric is flattened, again without application of substantial tension, and is fed through a two-stage dryer. In the initial stage, the fabric is air-dried to a moisture content of substantially less than 40%. Before introducing the fabric into the second stage of the dryer, the moisture content is raised, for example in a steam atmosphere, to substantially 40%.

Abstract: A method for adjusting the flow and the temperature of wash water when washing out contaminations from fabric webs in textile processing methods upon employing of an open-width washing machine, whereby replacement factors are calculated at different temperatures and the costs of the wash water flow and steam consumption are consequently calculated and the corresponding wash water flow and the corresponding steam delivery are set for minimizing these costs.

Abstract: A dyeing machine is provided along the drive withdrawn from a storage zone for the web with a monitor of the continuous displacement of the web and, therebelow, a mechanism for applying traction controlled by the web-advance monitor. The tractive mechanism can be a ring normally traversed without contact by web and rotated about a diametral axis to apply traction or a pincer which is clamped on the web and then raised to apply traction.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for the continuous and controlled application of liquor on an absorptive, compressible material web such as textile webs, warp yarn layers or vleeces. One or more liquors are applied in amounts being comprised between the values of water retention capacity and saturation. The liquor containing web is passed through an equalizing device wherein the web is drawn through an equalizing nip or slit whose thickness is adjustable and smaller than the thickness of the incoming, liquor containing material web. The equalizing may be effected in the nip of two rollers. The liquor concentration in the web before and after the equalizing is statistically the same.

Abstract: After leaving the hot lye bath (2) the fabric web (1) is immediately cooled down in a cooling zone (C) and only then passed to a residence zone (5) in which the lye acts on the fabric. Stretcing of the fabric web is then effected in a widthwise stretching zone (E), wherein it is again heated, preferably by a feed of hot weak lye. That combination of method steps provides optimum mercerizing effects with careful removal of shrinkage of the fabric.

Abstract: A textile steamer is disclosed which is adapted for use in association with a continuous dyeing, scouring, bleaching, or other textile processing operation. The steamer includes at least two vertical rows of fabric guide rollers such that the fabric may be threaded onto the rollers along generally horizontal runs. In addition, a water spray system is provided which is designed to avoid the necessity of having an operator enter the steamer to effect cleaning, and which also avoids the risk of having condensed water dripping from the water spray system onto the runs of the fabric. The water spray system includes vertical rows of water delivery pipes positioned parallel to and laterally outside of the rows of fabric guide rollers, and each of the pipes includes a plurality of nozzles for directing a water spray onto the full length of the adjacent guide rollers.

Abstract: Applying non-treating liquid to a traveling textile fabric substrate during temporary change-over discontinuance of treating liquor application in a textile treating and drying range with the non-treating liquid being applied in an amount sufficient to approximate the amount of treating liquor applied during normal operation of the range so as to allow the dryer to continue operating at substantially normal operating temperatures without damage to the fabric substrate. A non-treating liquid applicator is shifted between an inoperative position out of the path of the textile fabric substrate into an operative position in engagement with the substrate. The applicator includes a roller for arcuate engagement with the substrate and to which liquid is applied by spray and is uniformly distributed by a squeeze roll acting on a cover on the roller of material capable of retaining and transferring liquid onto the substrate.

Abstract: Improved methods and apparatus are provided for altering fabric finishes on a garment to give the garment a "lived-in" or worn appearance before the garment is actually worn by the user. According to the method of the present invention, a batch of garments is preferably stone-washed to generally fade and abrade the entire garment. The garment is then inflated by passing air through an inlet port in the garment and by substantially sealing one or more exit ports in the garment to create a greater than atmospheric pressure within the garment. The inflated garment is then sprayed with a low-strength bleaching solution on selected exterior portions to provide an additional fading or worn appearance on those portions of the garment. Thereafter, the garment is placed in a neutralizing liquid to chemically counteract the sprayed bleaching solution. A plurality of garments may be each suspended from a common air duct interconnected with a blower for providing air to inflate the garments.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for the continuous and controlled application of liquor on an absorptive, compressible material web such as textile webs, warp yarn layers or fleeces. One or more liquors are applied in amounts being comprised between the values of water retention capacity and saturation. The liquor containing web is passed through an equalizing device wherein the web is drawn through an equalizing nip or slit whose thickness is adjustable and smaller than the thickness of the incoming, liquor containing material web. The equalizing may be effected in the nip of two rollers. The liquor concentration in the web before and after the equalizing is statistically the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to the wet processing in particular of knitted tubular material in the broad tubular state which in a first processing section is led through a fluid bath then inflated to form a balloon section and afterwards led in the broad tubular state through the gap between a pair of squeezer rollers. Within the fluid bath the incoming material in hank form is subjected to twist sensing and if any twist is detected the incoming tubular material is rotated in the region before the first processing section to undo the twist. The completely and stably relaxed and untwisted tubular material leaves this first processing section in a stable broad tubular state and can then be passed in an optimum manner through the succeeding principal processing sections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to apparatus for stretching tubular material by blowing in compressed air, in which the delivery speed and/or the removal speed of the tubular material are regulated. In this way, a very uniform stretching of the tubular material is achieved without impairing the surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for the treatment of continuously moving tubular fabric (1) in the wet state, in which this tubular fabric is deliberately expanded in an expansion zone (3) by blowing air in and the fabric width (WB) effectively obtained is measured. The actual value obtained for the fabric width is compared with a predetermined theoretical value and in the event that they differ a correction value is formed and the quantity of air blown into the tubular fabric is controlled as a function of this correction value. The tubular fabric (1) is expanded immediately after wet treatment and is then delivered to the expansion zone free of tension and with a sealing material store. In this way a compact apparatus is achieved which functions simply and reliably.

Abstract: The initial moisture content of textile material to be decatized and fixed is controlled by a feedback-type regulator circuit which is responsive to measured values of the water content of vapor clouds produced as the material emerges from its passage around a steaming cylinder. The moisture content is preferably controlled by regulating the amount of water applied by a moistening device upstream of the steaming cylinder.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatus for the continuous wet treatment of a length of tubular material in which a changing device is provided at the inlet and the arrangement for introducing air into the length of material extends over the entire width of the chamber. Such apparatus also permits full utilization of the machine capacity even with narrow material.

Abstract: Mass treatment system for dyeing and hydro-extracting yarn cheeses sequentially and automatically which comprises a combination of: a circulation rail resting thereon a plurality of mobile trucks which are adapted to mount thereon cheese spindles and convey them to each treatment station; cheese pressing means including extension spindle inserting means and means for inserting a plurality of cheeses at a time on empty spindles surmounted with the extension spindles; dyeing means including loading means of cheese-spindles on a carrier for charging into a dyeing machine and a turntable for charging or discharging the loaded carrier rested thereon into or from the dyeing machine; transfer means of as-dyed cheese-spindles onto the trucks; hydro-extracting means including means for transferring dyed cheese-spindles into a hydro-extracting basket, means for placing the basket thus filled in a hydro-extractor, and means for discharging hydro-extracted cheeses along with the basket and transferring them to the trucks

Abstract: In a fully-automated washer, a cloth amount sensor detects a quantity of an object being washed as a value inclusive of information regarding a degree of bulkiness of the object to be washed. A processing circuit is responsive to a detection output signal from the cloth amount sensor to determine a water supply amount, a cleanser feed amount, a stirring or agitating time and a rinsing time. The cloth amount sensor is mounted to a stirring or agitating motor. Upon an OFF-state of the motor, the detection output signal is generated by measuring a voltage waveform induced by inertial motion which varies in accordance the degree of bulkiness of the object to be washed.

Abstract: A continuous process and an apparatus for effecting, in direct succession a dyeing and backing of a carpet, for example, in the process, the dyeing step is performed with a minimum application of dyeing liquor, making it possible to effect backing wet-on-wet without a washing step and an expensive drying procedure. The dyeing step can also be directly preceded by the carpet manufacturing process within the framework of a continuous installation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sequentially performing dye strikes on a continuous dye range from a plurality of dye lots to reduce downtime of the range. The apparatus employs two dye pans that are horizontally and vertically movable relative to the dye pad on the range so that each can be sequentially moved into and out of a dyeing position while the machine is running and fabric continues to move therethrough. The textile material includes a leader section ahead of the fabric to be dyed in a desired strike order, such as, for example comprised of three leaders with first and second dye strike patches positioned therebetween in order to provide first and second strikes or runs on a continuous basis without stopping the dye range.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatus for inflating a continuously moving length of tubular material, in which the nozzle tube is rotatable and an arrangement is provided which locks the nozzle tube in an angular position in which the nozzle is in contact with the length of material during the discharge of gas from the nozzle. Such apparatus is distinguished during the greater part of the production time by a considerable reduction in the friction between the length of material and the nozzle tube.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for impregnating tubular fabrics wherein the fabric is driven over an elongate driving member extending through an impregnation station by means of a transport layer or tube extending between said fabrics and said guiding member and driven to transport the fabric through the impregnating station.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of caustic alkali treatment, wherein the knitted work extended in the lengthwise direction and shrunken in the widthwise direction due to the scouring (or degumming) and the bleaching treatment is, after being returned to the condition of the length and the width before the scouring (or degumming) and bleaching treatment, able to be subjected to the caustic alkali treatment and the washing treatment as it is in such a natural state as when it is knitted by a knitting machine, whereby the knitted work is never short of width as is the case with the prior art method of treatment.

Abstract: An improved fabric moisture monitoring system and method particularly adapted for use on a slasher unit comprises utilizing the delivery roller associated with the conventional slasher unit to facilitate moisture monitoring. Both ends of the delivery roller are electrically isolated and either end is connected to a moisture monitoring apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for the automatic concentration control of an aqueous caustic soda solution in a cloth treating tank through which a cloth to be treated is continuously transported, comprising the provision of a means for adding a neutralization agent to a sample of the caustic soda solution which was squeezed out of a cloth that had been soaked with an aqueous caustic soda solution while in a cloth treating tank; a sensor for detecting the neutralization point of said caustic soda sample solution, to which the neutralization agent is added on the basis of electrical conductivity; a means for detecting the caustic soda concentration of said caustic soda sample solution prior to the addition of the neutralization agent on the basis of the amount of the neutralization agent added until said caustic soda sample solution becomes neutralized as detected by means of said sensor; and a means for supplying a supplementary caustic soda solution to the caustic soda solution in said cloth treating tank so that its concentr

Abstract: A method for piling and cleaning a spun yarn in a wet spinning in which a yarn is withdrawn at a predetermined velocity and is dropped by its own weight into a rotating cylindrical container with the bottom formed with drain holes while simultaneously traversing the yarn in the radial direction of the cylindrical container so that the yarn is piled at the bottom of the cylindrical container in the form of a ring; and a cleaning liquid is sprayed against the yarn which is being piled, thereby cleaning the yarn.

Abstract: A treatment apparatus for a textile material e.g. a wet tow, has a machine with guide rolls arranged in two rows for the meander-like guidance of the endless textile material. In order to obtain uniform material tension at each of the, for example, top guide rolls, these are not only electrically driven individually but also are subjected to a specific torque, determined by measuring the actual longitudinal tension in the length of material at, for example, the first and last guide rolls, by electronic comparison of the measured data, and by utilization of the positive or negative measuring result for controlling the torque of the incorrectly turning guide roll.

Abstract: A method for the moistening of an endless web moving in a processing device, wherein the moistening substance is an evaporated fluid condensated on the web and said web is treated with a corresponding steam substance prior to this moistening. The method includes steps for supplying the evaporated fluid in a bag-like member formed by the web, the bag-like member being supported by an external member. The supply of the substance is carried out by means of a steamer appliance arranged transverse to the web. The method includes steps for adjusting the specific property of the steam substance in accordance to specific values measured from the web.

Abstract: A tubular textile fabric is advanced through a treatment range having one or several cylindrical expanders. An inlet roller guides the tubular fabric to the expander in a flat shape, whereupon the expander expands the tubular fabric into a substantially cylindrical shape which is again flattened as it moves toward and over an outlet or discharge roller. In the inlet zone between the inlet roller and the expander and in the outlet zone between the expander and the outlet roller, where the fabric changes from the flat form into the expanded form of said cylindrical shape and vice versa, the fabric is exposed to different stretching forces or differing drafts due to differences in the distances that different portions of the fabric must travel while passing through these zones. These different stretching forces or drafts in the inlet zone are effective in the feed advance direction and are compensated by corresponding stretching forces or drafts in the outlet zone.

Abstract: A process for washing textile material wherein a non-foamed washing liquor, combined with a foam-producing chemical, is applied to a continuously fed textile material, the foam is produced on the textile material by effecting alternating compression and pressure relief of the textile surface while simultaneously loosening the dirt, and finally the foam, and thus the dirt dissolved in and taken up by the foam, is removed by suction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for measuring the present and ongoing performance of paper pulp brown stock washers. Black liquor carryover within a washer mat past wash liquor application showers is quantified by determination of and correlation with the mat liquor specific conductivity.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for processing textile are disclosed. The method and apparatus particularly relate to raising or shearing textile by bringing it into contact with an abrasive surface by a flowing liquid. By such a technique, raising or shearing can be more uniform; dyeing or finishing can be combined simultaneously with raising or shearing and higher productivity can be achieved.

Abstract: Two linear arrays of foamed dyestuff dispensing nozzles reciprocate 180.degree. out of phase normal to the path of a carpet web being dyed. Each array dispenses streams of foamed dyestuff over a gum coated web in alternate groups of first and second colors, the second array dispensing its dyestuff superimposed over the dyestuff dispensed by the first array. The same dyestuff color groups overlap in spaced repeating regions of the carpet web while different colors overlap in the remaining regions to provide a fully dyed web having the appearance of repetitive spaced regions of either the first or the second colors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for measuring the present and ongoing performance of paper pulp brown stock washers. Black liquor carryover within a washer mat past wash liquor application showers is quantified by determination of and correlation with the mat liquor specific conductivity.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for applying in a continuous and level manner aqueous impregnating liquors to water-wet textile goods to prevent unlevelness of the liquor applied to the goods. This is accomplished by partly or completely exchanging the moisture on the goods by sucking or pressing liquor through the goods and by circulating the liquor to be applied while maintaining its volume and concentration at a constant value. The new technique makes it possible to dispense with the customary intermediate drying stage after the pretreatment.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an apparatus and method for pad batch dyeing of tubular knitted fabrics of substantial cotton content, typically 50% or more. One or more connected strings of tubular knitted fabric are advanced toward the dyeing apparatus, where the fabric is gripped across its full width and positively advanced toward the dye solution. A ring guide spreader is positioned in close coupled relation to the driven entry roller and spreads the fabric to flat form and to its natural greige width. Closely coupled to the ring guide means is a dye pad station comprising a pair of horizontally opposed, resilient squeeze rollers, a treating roller forming a submerged dye nip with the front squeeze roller, and a submerged guide roller to receive the fabric as it travels in a downward incline through the dye nip and redirect it to a vertically upward path for passage through the squeeze nip.