Abstract: An apparatus can comprise a basin that is configured to hold water. A heating source can be configured to heat the water in the basin to a temperature within a select range. A water-permeable substrate can extend across an upper surface of the basin, the water-permeable substrate simulating a subfloor (or other material upon which a covering material is positioned). Samples can be placed on the water-permeable substrate for a select duration to determine effects of moisture exposure from underneath, e.g., the subfloor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the continuous dyeing of cellulose fibre yarns with reactive dyes and to an apparatus for carrying out this process.The process essentially comprises steps of impregnating yarn which has been continuously unwound at high speed from one or several supports (1) and rewound onto one or several supports (3) with at least one fibre-reactive dye in aqueous solution and at least one alkaline reagent in aqueous solution, andfixing the dye.The invention can be applied especially in the technical field of dyeing cellulose fibres.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the continuous dyeing of cellulose fiber yarns with reactive dyes and to an apparatus for carrying out this process.The process essentially comprises steps of impregnating yarn which has been continuously unwound at high speed from one or several supports (1) and rewound onto one or several supports (3) with at least one fiber-reactive dye in aqueous solution and at least one alkaline reagent in aqueous solution, and fixing the dye.The invention can be applied especially in the technical field of dyeing cellulose fibers.

Abstract: The invention refers to a process and a device for the treatment of fibrous material. In order to provide a process for the treatment of fibrous material which allows for cleaning and preparing fibrous material, the invention provides that fibrous material, especially combed sliver, textiles, non-woven fabrics and wool fiber bunches, are at first cleaned in a cleaning phase with support from a solvent, then dried in a vacuum drying phase, and then surface modified in a plasma treatment phase. The device (100,200) proposed according to the invention for the treatment of fibrous material comprises a cleaning vessel (102,202), a vacuum drier (104,204) and a plasma treatment vessel (106,206) for this purpose.

Abstract: A process for applying indigo dyestuff on a textile substrate is described, wherein the substrate is saturated with liquid steeping liquor containing indigo dyestuff and the saturated substrate is directly passed through a first low-oxygen wet dwelling section and only thereafter is dewatered. To maximize the dyestuff yield or diffusion into the individual fibers of the substrate, a second enclosed low-oxygen wet dwelling section is defined by an essentially sealed housing which is connected to the first wet dwelling section. The substrate is initially heated in the second wet dwelling section and the substrate travels through the remainder of the second wet dwelling section for a sufficient time to permit diffusion of the dyestuff into the fibers of the still moist substrate.

Abstract: A liquid treatment system for hollow articles having an open end facing downwardly upon a moving conveyor belt includes a vacuum stripper tube connected to a blower for generating a suction force withdrawing excess liquid from the hollow articles and the belts, and a pair of flow splitters for distributing the suction force applied to opposite ends of the vacuum stripper tube. The system is provided with a baffle disposed in the vacuum stripper tube for improving the distribution of suction force in the vacuum stripper tube. The system also includes an excess liquid collection arrangement constructed and arranged to establish a one-way flow of and collect excess liquid evacuated from the vacuum stripper tube. The system further contemplates a blow-off unit operably connected to the blower for supplying dry air to the hollow articles and conveyor belt.

Abstract: A blank material washing booth includes a chamber for washing a blank material with a washing liquid. The chamber has a pair of upper and lower vacuum rolls for removing a used washing liquid. The washing booth also has a liquid droplet collecting device which is positioned upstream of a mist collecting device and removes a mist generated when the blank material is washed under a high pressure. The chamber has a swingable door at an inlet and an outlet for the blank material so as to achieve improved seal.

Abstract: A method for dyeing a traveling strand of textile yarn includes applying an aqueous dye solution to the yarn, heating the yarn to a temperature less than 100.degree. C. to dry the strand without boiling the water in the dye solution and then heating the strand to a temperature between 120.degree. C. and 220.degree. C. for further thermal treatment of the traveling strand.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for the washing of a medium consistency fibrous slurry, especially a chemical pulp slurry in which the slurry is fed at an inclined angle onto a substantially horizontal portion of circulating filter belt, and then distributed over substantially the entire working width of the filter belt. The distributed slurry is then washed with a washing liquid under localized pressure to produce a slurry having a medium consistency range, i.e., about 8 to 15 percent. In order to increase the consistency to 20 to 40 weight percent, preferably about 30 to about 35 weight percent, the washed slurry is passed to a pressing zone.

Abstract: A washing/drying machine has a top loading, wash type inner tub which is rotatable about a vertical axis and accommodates clothes during both a washing and drying cycle. The inner tub is positioned within a vertically arranged outer tub which is capable of storing water for the wash cycle. An agitator is provided within the inner tub adjacent to its lower closed end and has an outer diameter close to an inner diameter of the inner tub. A motor is disposed outside of the inner and outer tubs and selectively rotates the agitator in sequential clockwise and counterclockwise motions during the washing cycles. A dryer is disposed outside of and connected to the inner and outer tubs by first and second air passages which direct drying air to a space between the inner and outer tubs, and the open end of the inner tub.

Abstract: An oxidation intensifier apparatus for continuous warp-chain indigo dyeing machines for dyeing a plurality of adjacent spaced parallel warp threads passing in a traveling path through a plurality of dyeing and squeezing units includes a first oxidation intensifier unit (10A) on one side of said traveling path, a second oxidation intensifier unit on the other side of said traveling path between two dyeing and squeezing units (I and II), and a fan (19) in each unit for blowing air onto opposite sides of the warp threads passing between the units. Each oxidation intensifier unit has an inlet on which the fan (19) is mounted, a diffuser (22) having an air inlet (21) adjacent the output side (20) of the fan and a diffuser outlet (23) in adjacent spaced relationship to the traveling warp threads (12). Each diffuser may contain in its interior a deflector (25) and/or a grille-type conveyor (26) to assure uniform distribution of the air delivered from the fan to the traveling warp threads.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for monitoring the application of dye to a traveling web of textile material. The apparatus includes a color characteristic detecting assembly which is movable between an initial detecting position in which it detects a color characteristic of the textile material web shortly after the web has emerged from a dye liquor bath and a post-drying detecting position in which it detects a color characteristic of the textile material web after the web has been handled in a drying device. The post-drying detection of the textile material web enables the apparatus to detect an out-of-limits color characteristic situation which may not appear or be detectable until after the web has been subjected to the drying process. The color characteristic detecting assembly is connected to a control unit which controls the nip pressure of a pair of nip rollers which remove excess moisture from the textile material web.

Abstract: An undyed carpet web is pretreated by applying a liquid preparatory agent in a gap of an applicator. Subsequent to the application of the preparatory agent, the carpet web is detained in a dwell apparatus. The web is then suctioned off in a hydroextraction device and steamed in a steaming machine before the dyeing operation begins.

Abstract: A method and apparatus which utilizes a novel dye solution for dyeing carpet in which the dye solution is heated to a temperature higher than the boiling point of water thus allowing fixation of the dye on the carpet without the need for a steam fixator.

Abstract: A cleaning machine, such as a washing machine, is provided in the bottom region of its wet chamber with an outlet and an intake connected thereto immediately above a feed pump, adjacent to which a heating section with an electric heating element located outside the wet region is provided, in such a way that a circulating duct is formed which leads through the wet chamber, the outlet and back to the inlet to the inlet side of the feed pump, in which the washing solution is carried in circuit form under thermosiphonic effect, so that the washing solution is heated and portions of the cleaning agent added to the washing solution and which tend to sink are dissolved.

Abstract: A method for preshrinking tubular knit fabrics in which the fabric is treated as a continuous length in tubular form. The elongated tube is continuously fed lengthwise into a series of liquid baths which include a wetting agent, scouring and washing constituents and rinses and any finish is to be applied to the fabric. The fabric tube is caused to advance into and through the bath in a substantially tensionless state by pushing the fabric into the flow of liquid and through the bath to avoid applying substantial tension. From the washing and rinsing baths, the saturated fabric is flattened, again without application of substantial tension, and is fed through a two-stage dryer. In the initial stage, the fabric is air-dried to a moisture content of substantially less than 40%. Before introducing the fabric into the second stage of the dryer, the moisture content is raised, for example in a steam atmosphere, to substantially 40%.

Abstract: The invention resides in a compression membrane for wringing liquid out of an object to be compressed, characterized in that its marginal portion whose width is of the order of 15%-35% of the width in the radial direction of the membrane body is made smaller in stretchability than the other portion, whereby no tear of the object to be compressed does not tear during the dehydration thereof.

Abstract: The washing of carpets, to which belong a comparatively stiff bottom structure and a fibre layer fixed to the bottom layer, is troublesome and laborious. The object for the invention is a device for washing of carpets, to which device belong rolls, supported on which the carpet is arranged to be conveyed within the device, to which rolls belong the supporting roll (2) for supporting of the carpet during the washing and a rinsing roll (4), placed at a distance from the supporting roll, for supporting of the carpet during rinsing. To the device belongs a between the supporting roll and the rinsing roll placed washing and rinsing apparatus (6), which is arranged to flush under pressure being detergent on the surface of the carpet located on the supporting roll and scavenging agent on the surface of the carpet located on the rinsing roll.

Abstract: A machine for the continuous centrifugation of fabrics, comprising: a hauling means for the fabric formed by two endless bands having respective facing runs and an orbitting central block in which there are situated guide means for the bands, such that the latter follow cylindrical orbital paths during the passage thereof through the central block and conical orbital paths from the central block to the infeed and delivery ends of the machine. The orbital movement of the central block causes effective centrifugation of the fabric hauled by the bands, without causing therein harmful pulls or stresses.

Abstract: The invention resides in a compression membrane for wringing liquid out of an object to be compressed, characterized in that its marginal portion whose width is of the order of 15%-35% of the width in the radial direction of the membrane body is made smaller in stretchability than the other portion, whereby no tear of the object to be compressed does not tear during the dehydration thereof.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to techniques for high efficiency drying of wet-processed tubular knitted fabric. The wet tubular fabric is initially spread to flat form and then guided in a controlled manner over a so-called Mach nozzle, at which high velocity gaseous medium, usually steam, at speeds approaching the speed of sound and above, is discharged directly through the fabric, which is maintained in tension as it passes over the nozzle outlet. The thus treated tubular knitted fabric, now with a greatly reduced liquid content, is then immediately directed over a second spreader device, which distends the fabric widthwise to a predetermined, uniform width, to restore the fabric width lost during wet processing and during the relatively high tension nozzle treating operation. In this damp, geometrically stabilized condition, the fabric may be directed immediately into an otherwise conventional tensionless dryer for tubular knitted fabric, where the necessary final drying operations are completed.

Abstract: Internally of its tub, the machine provides a conduit fitted with fan-shaped delivery outlet. The fan portion of said delivery outlet terminates with an arcuate surface provided with slots along which the fabric being processed runs. The conduit has connected thereto a water supply pipe for the conveyance of air mixed with water on the fabric being processed.

Abstract: In accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, a high capacity machine for washing industrial mats or rugs and the like comprises a generally rectangular tank divided by internal partitions into two wash sections and two rinse sections. An endless belt conveyor system attached to the top of the tank serves to move the mats over the tank sections with the nap of the mats facing down. Transverse header pipes in the tank sections are provided with rows of nozzles that form high velocity sprays of liquid which impinge against the nap to effect the scrubbing and rinsing action. The nozzles are directed at angles of 35.degree. forward and rearward with respect to the plane of the mat, with the nozzles which provide the detergent sprays having orifices that form flat or knife-like sprays to effect a deep cleaning of the nap, while the nozzles which provide the rinse sprays have orifices that effect diverging sprays to flush the detergent and particulate matter out of the nap.

Abstract: A moisture control system is provided for controlling the amount of chemical added to a fabric. The system includes a suction pipe having a slot therein and a fabric positioned to pass over the slot. A vacuum source is connected through conduit means to the suction pipe. A source of liquid is provided including a predetermined percentage of chemical therein to be added to the fabric. Liquid from the liquid source is added to the fabric and the fabric containing the liquid from the liquid source is advanced over the suction pipe whereupon vacuum is applied to the fabric to deliquefy it. The vacuum source is set to provide a predetermined vacuum depending on the chemical concentration of the liquid and the composition of the fabric. As the fabric passes over the slot a change in the vacuum is sensed and the vacuum source is actuated to retain the vacuum to the predetermined condition thereby maintaining a constant moisture level and amount of added chemical in the fabric.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous dehydration of a cloth comprising two pairs of rubber rolls with the rolls of each pair pressed against one another, a cylindrical seal plate which is positioned between the two pairs of the rubber rolls in pressure contact with each of the rubber rolls and provided with a pair of axially extending slits opening in the direction toward each of the contact surfaces of the pairs of the rubber rolls, and an end plane seal plate blocking the both end openings of the seal plate and contact with the end plane of each of the rubber rolls so as to form a closed chamber intercepting the interior of the cylindrical seal plate from the exterior thereof.

Abstract: An automatic drying apparatus for dyeing bobbins in the textile industry, in which the bobbins, slipped onto a perforated tube, are first predried with compressed air, followed by an intermediate drying operation of the bobbin surfaces with infrared heaters and final drying then performed capacitively in a high-frequency oven. The tube with the bobbins thereon is transported through the apparatus as a unit by a transporting device.

Abstract: An apparatus for conducting the continuous washing of printed and dye-fixed, web-shaped textile material, including woven or knitted fabrics, includes a series of textile processing units arranged along a production line. These units include a dwell bath having a conveying means arranged underneath the bath level for textile material deposited in folds, a textile material moistening zone in front of dwell bath, a dewatering means, at least one sieve drum washing bath and a subsequently positioned squeeze means for removing washing liquid from the textile material.

Abstract: The invention provides a drying apparatus for a preliminary drying operation for tubular fabrics which includes a pair of drivable squeeze rollers forming a water expression nip, a freely rotatable supply roller resting against one of the squeeze rollers to form a fabric transportation nip, a transverse stretching device and air bubble forming means arranged below the water expression nip, a tube for receiving fabric from the fabric transportation nip at an upper end and a draining surface extending under the transverse stretching device and the lower end of the tube for receiving bundled fabric from the tube for passing to the transverse stretching device, and a means for supplying water to the tube for assisting downward fabric movement through the tube. The apparatus is compact, simple and can be effectively combined with other machinery for a final drying operation.

Abstract: Automatic towel dispenser has a box-shaped housing provided with a washing chamber and a drying chamber for an endless towel to be guided therethrough, the towel having a cleaned partial length thereof available for respective use and being guidable over a locking device for limiting the clean partial length of the towel to be withdrawn and guided outside the housing between an outlet opening and an inlet opening formed in the housing, a first storage chamber located in the housing between the inlet opening and the washing chamber for variably piling up therein a plurality of used partial lengths of the towel, and a second storage chamber located in the housing between the drying chamber and the outlet opening for variably piling therein a plurality of cleaned partial lengths of the towel, and means being activatable, upon the emptying to a given extent of the cleaned partial lengths of the towel in the second storage chamber, for passing used partial lengths of the towel through the washing and drying chambe

Abstract: An apparatus for the wet treatment of fibrous materials includes a container filled with a treatment liquid, a liquid-permeable support for the material arranged with a supporting surface at least partially underneath a first liquid level within the container, and means for providing a second liquid level extending uniformly along the entire length of the immersed supporting surface and underneath said supporting surface of the support.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to equipment and techniques for the removal from fabrics of excess residual ammonia, remaining in the fabric after liquid ammonia processing. The process involves contacting the opposed surfaces of the fabric with a thin film of water, followed by removal of the water from the fabric. The amount of water which contacts the fabric is insufficient to wet the fabric, so that it does not require a subsequent drying step, but is sufficient to release most of the residual ammonia, causing the ammonia to be extracted from the fabric. To advantage, the thin film of water is achieved by condensation of steam on chilled rollers.

Abstract: An apparatus for dyeing, fixing and eluting a dyeable substrate is provided. The apparatus comprises a take-up roller for receiving the dyeable substrate; roller means, including a driven roller, for receiving the substrate from said take-up roller and for orienting the substrate in a generally horizontal plane; and a dyeing assembly including a plurality of dye containers, a like plurality of discs being mounted on a first rotatable shaft so that, for each disc, one edge thereof dips into the container so as to take dye therefrom, the opposite edge of each of said discs engaging the substrate.

Abstract: A continuous washing machine has an impregnation bath and a rinsing chamber. The rinsing chamber includes three successive sieve drums over which the tubular fabric is made to pass. The fabric passes over the second downstream sieve drum in a reverse direction so as to overturn the fabric and expose the other surface thereof and to retain the fabric over the sieve drum. A sump area is maintained in the bottom of the chamber, and the liquors from the sump are recirculated by means of spray pipes spraying rinse liquor onto the fabric. The spent rinse liquor coming from the fabric over the first sieve drum is drained out of the chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for washing and subsequent drying of bolts of fabrics which comprises means for continuously delivering the fabric into a fixed basket provided with substantially semicylindrical and coaxial outer and inner walls. The outer wall is partially perforated. An agitator is positioned in juxtaposition with the perforations and has a plurality of mobile paddles thereon. A chamber containing the outer wall of the basket and the agitator serves the purpose of containing therein a liquid solvent. A rotatable drum is mounted coaxially with respect of the inner and outer walls of the basket and has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the inner wall. Hot air is forced through the perforations of the drum through a close-loop circuit. A series of guide rolls guide the fabric from the basket tangentially on a portion of the perforated drum.

Abstract: A continuous padding type dyeing machine particularly suitable for handling elastic fabrics, the machine including a padding bath with at least a pair of main and auxiliary padding rollers and a dryer having a pair of spaced endless conveyors means provided on opposite sides of a path of travel of the fabrics for transferring them through the dryer without causing excessive tensioning thereto. The endless conveyors are movable in and along a number of adjustable guide members and provided with a number of pin members for holding longitudinal side edge portions of the fabrics. A pair of detectors are provided at a lower end of a vertical section of the path of travel of the fabric through the dryer in association with opposite longitudinal side edges of the fabric for adapting the guide members to the particular width of the fabric under treatment.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for coloring yarn continuously in sheets thereof, the apparatus including a spatial sequence apparatus for testing the yarn by pre-stressing; a yarn tension relaxing means; a printing apparatus for coloring the yarn in an accurately predetermined longitudinal pattern; control means for correcting wet yarn length increase as the yarn progresses through the printer; wet hot box for fixation of the dye stuff onto the yarn fiber; yarn washing means; combined apparatus for yarn drying and/or stress relieving by raising the yarn temperature; yarn relative lateral displacement means; yarn longitudinal displacement means; and finally a tufting machine or a take up means such as a beam.

Abstract: Apparatus for thermosol dyeing polyesters where the thermosoling is accomplished by a two-zone infrared oven having multiple infrared quartz rods and employing at least two radiometers to control the temperature followed by an immediate quenching step, all while the polyester is still under tension.

Abstract: There is disclosed a mechanism for dyeing yarns as they are fed from their cones into a knitting machine. Each yarn passes through a container in which there is a liquid dye of a color selected for that particular yarn. Although a quick-drying dye is used, to insure that each yarn is completely dried prior to its reaching a respective knitting needle, a jet of air is directed against each yarn as it exits from its respective dye container.

Abstract: The apparatus for dyeing textiles, including the dyeing of synthetic or partially synthetic textiles with disperse dyes, wherein a dye mixture is applied to the textile and subsequently maintained in a gelled but unfrozen condition during drying to prevent migration of the dye.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an apparatus for the continuous treatment of fibrous and thread-like materials in the form of slivers, roving or fibrous ribbon wherein uniform treatment, for example, uniform dye application and uniform setting of the dyestuff is effectively achieved.

Abstract: A machine for the continuous finishing of webs of textile or artificial leather material or the like in accordance with a variety of finishing processes, the machine comprising a reversible continuous flow drum having web feed and withdrawal devices, the feed device being associated with direct radiation means, one or more moistening devices and one or more devices for applying additives, and the drum being mounted in a casing in which are provided a ventilation device, at least one steam spraying device and a radiator, the component of the machine being independently controllable and the drive of the drum being adjustable for achieving any desired angle of rotation of the drum.

Abstract: Method of dyeing a textile web having a relatively large volume or relief-like construction which includes immersing the web in a dye solution having a dye concentration corresponding to the quantity of liquid to be squeezed from the web in a subsequent dewatering step, passing the web between two absorbent endless entrainer members of a squeeze foulard that are continuously saturated with the dye solution prior to engagement of the endless entrainer members with the web, and squeezing the web in the foulard so as to dewater it to less than substantially 40% moisture with respect to dry weight of the web, then passing the web through an infra-red channel at an adjusted relatively low drying velocity so as to prevent the formation of cloudiness in the dye distribution and drying the web to a final moisture content of at most 5% with respect to dry weight of the web, and subsequently completing the steps of the dyeing process per se.