Abstract: Fastening plastic drivers in a washing machine drum having at least two domes on the inside, which comprise a cavity extending along its center line, and are oriented perpendicular to the sheet casing of the drum and which serve to fasten the driver. A hole pattern corresponding to the arrangement of the domes of a driver is punched into the sheet casing of the drum. The driver is placed with its dome ends, which project beyond the contact surface of the driver with the sheet casing, onto the sheet casing so that the dome ends pass through the holes of the hole pattern. Counter holders are inserted from the opposite side into the cavities of the domes. From the fastening side, hold-down elements are driven against the sheet casing. Heated form punches are driven against the dome ends until the dome ends have mushroom-shape ends.

Abstract: In connection with the tumbling of the bodies of killed furred animals, a tumbler (2) has a cavity (21) between A filling opening (20) and A delivery opening (26) that is divided into a number of sections (30, 32) to which the bodies are transferred by a conveyor unit (36) that extends through the tumbler (2), combined with a discharge/recycling arrangement (28) for individual and controlled discharge of the bodies from the tumbler. The conveyor unit (36) also has a bottom section with a worm conveyor for recirculation of the supply of sawdust to the respective sections. The tumbler (2) can be emptied and filled without having to stop operations, and is suitable for use for tumbling of pelts with the leather side outermost or with the fur side outermost, so that the tumbler replaces two or three tumblers which normally are found in a pelt processing plant.

Abstract: Fastening plastic drivers in a washing machine drum having at least two domes on the inside, which comprise a cavity extending along its center line, and are oriented perpendicular to the sheet casing of the drum and which serve to fasten the driver. A hole pattern corresponding to the arrangement of the domes of a driver is punched into the sheet casing of the drum. The driver is placed with its dome ends, which project beyond the contact surface of the driver with the sheet casing, onto the sheet casing so that the dome ends pass through the holes of the hole pattern. Counter holders are inserted from the opposite side into the cavities of the domes. From the fastening side, hold-down elements are driven against the sheet casing. Heated form punches are driven against the dome ends until the dome ends have mushroom-shape ends.

Abstract: A new mechanism for feeding and discharging liquid contents in fulling vats for the treatment of hides and skins, which is provided with internal and external ducts connected from outside the vat to crosspieces, said crosspieces having multiple orifices circular in shape and being provided at their ends with valves for the inflow and draining of liquid substances.

Abstract: A device used for the process of tanning hides and skins is disclosed. The device comprises a cylindrical body including crosspieces of appropriate shape and in appropriate arrangement inside it. The particular features of shape and operation of said device result in an increased load of hides and skins in each operation cycle, a decrease in the requirements of chemicals applied in proportion to the load being processed, a considerable decrease in processing time, and lower water requirements.

Abstract: In a tanning process for tanning animal skins the skin is subjected to a pre-oxidation step.

Abstract: An improved device for leather processing comprising a vessel containing perforated dummy doors and compartments with pegs as well as friction disk fixed along the exterior periphery of the vessel. The leathers to be wet processed are subjected to mechanical action in terms of both rocking action as well as rotational movement simultaneously. The perpetual motion of the device help to create pressure generation for quickening the process and for addition of chemical solution continuously. The processing takes place under pressure generated inside the vessel and with the support of multiple mechanical actions, resulting in higher exhaustion of bath with less processing time and energy requirement and higher capacity utilization to produce good quality leather.

Abstract: An improved device for leather processing comprising a vessel containing perforated dummy doors and compartments with pegs as well as friction disk fixed along the exterior periphery of the vessel. The leathers to be wet processed are subjected to mechanical action in terms of both rocking action as well as rotational movement simultaneously. The perpetual motion of the device help to create pressure generation for quickening the process and for addition of chemical solution continuously. The processing takes place under pressure generated inside the vessel and with the support of multiple mechanical actions, resulting in higher exhaustion of bath with less processing time and energy requirement and higher capacity utilization to produce good quality leather.

Abstract: A drum to be used in the treatment of hides and leathers is fitted with a number of bats, the arrangement of the bats being determined by an imaginary polygon having an even number of vertices. A pair of bats, parallel to each other, are placed at opposite vertices of the imaginary polygon.

Abstract: This invention relates to polysiloxanes having fluoroaliphatic- and carboxyl- containing terminal groups, their preparation and their use in imparting water-, oil- and soil-repellency and a soft hand to fibrous substrates such as leather, and to the resulting treated substrate.

Abstract: A device for pickling meat by mixing under vacuum comprises a tank (1) suitable for being rotated on its longitudinal axis by drive means (7,8), the tank being provided at one of its ends with an opening (4) for filling/emptying suitable for being closed by a cover by which the vacuum is generated and, if necessary, brine is injected, the tank being mounted on a support frame (11).The device comprises, near the rear edge of frame (11) for support of the tank, at least one elastic element (16) inserted between frame (11) and the support surface of the device (12) and made in such a way as to be gradually compressed from a rest position corresponding to the empty state of the tank to a filled position, the elastic element(s) gradually returning to their rest position when the tank is emptied.

Abstract: A device for processing leather or hide products includes one or a number of sieve drums openable at two end faces and supported in the housing of the device for rotation. The sieve drum is supported on the housing by means of a four point-contact bearing which is sealed against gaseous or fluidic medium filling the drum.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machine for the treatment of animal hides and skins for the purpose of leather and fur manufacture and preservation.It is the object of the invention to create a machine which guarantees quality treatment of animal hides and skins in an economical way, for leather and fur manufacture and preservation.The invention has the object of developing a machine, which operates according to the continuous flow principle and which shortens the processing time of hides and skins.

Abstract: Apparatus for kneading food pieces includes a rotatable drum mounted on an inclined axis. There are spiral flights along the side wall of the drum. Charging and discharging the drum is effected through an open end and the drum includes a door for airtight sealing of the drum. A vacuum can be drawn inside the drum for different types of food processing. The processor can be used for blending constituents for food products. The kneading action can be applied to massaging or tumbling meat chunks, and treatment liquids can be added to the drum and/or the food pieces for processing.

Abstract: An apparatus for tanning or dyeing includes a horizontal rotary drum which is rotatably mounted in a frame at only one axle front end thereof. The rotary drum defines a treatment chamber for tanning and dyeing which communicates with a hollow axle for admission and drainage of a liquid treatment medium. Within the interior of the rotary drum, at least two ring pocket sections are provided which are in communication with two connecting lines arranged at the axial front end of the rotary drum and extending in radial direction. With their radially external ends, each connecting line opens into the interior of the associated ring pocket section. The other end of each connecting line extends to the center of the rotary drum which center communicates with associated axial channels within the hollow axle.

Abstract: Drum apparatus for the treatment of hides, leathers and the like include a substantially cylindrical member having an inner interior defining surface and a plurality of substantially radially extending paddles situated within the interior. The paddles have respective lengths less than the length of the cylindrical member and together extend over substantially the entire length of the cylindrical member. The paddles form at least two groups, the paddles of each group being substantially situated in a common diametric plane, each diametric plane being both angularly and longitudinally offset relative to the diametric planes of the remaining groups of paddles.

Abstract: Appliance for the treatment, particularly in a liquid, of a product like leather, consisting of a perforated drum (1) containing compartments (9, 10, 11) separated by partitions (12, 13, 14) and connecting with the outside via openings (9a, 9b, 9c) closed by doors, along with a tank (7) surrounding the drum (1) and provided with an opening (8), a fixing means enabling the drum (1) and the tank (7) to be fixed together in rotation when the opening (9a) of a compartment (9) is placed opposite the opening (8) in the tank (7) and a drive means (22) enabling the drum (1) and the tank (7) to be swung round jointly between a first position in which the opening (8) of the tank is in a top position and a second position in which the opening (8) of the tank is placed on the side, the said first position corresponding to the treatment and loading of the product and the second position corresponding to its discharge.

Abstract: A machine for removing the hair from animal hides, comprises an upwardly open vat and a horizontal perforated plate arranged in the lower part of the vat and rotationally driven on a central pivot by suitable means. The plate is provided on its surface in contact with the material to be treated with sharp edges formed on the contour of said perforations, and bounded peripherally by a fixed perforated cylinder, defining with the inner wall of the vat a coronary space ensuring the removal of the hair stripped off and projected by centrifugal force into the openings of said cylinder.

Abstract: A device for chemically treating leather and the like has a housing and a rotary drum. The housing has an opening opposite an open end of the drum. A double-walled door closes the opening and its interior communicates with a channel in the housing and with the interior of the drum, respectively.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously controlling of the cleaning of suede and leather garments comprising a plurality of tanks each containing a slightly different cleaning fluid. Each of the tanks is preferably continuously filtered for soluble impurities and is selectively communicable to a washing device into which is introduced the garments. An additional amount of cleaning fluid is added to the wash device approximately equal in weight to the weight of the garments to be washed. A further additional amount of cleaning fluid is added which is approximately proportional to the weight of the garments being washed. After washing, the remaining liquid is returned to the original tank. In this manner the tank will be refilled to the original level and will overflow through an overflow aperture in an amount approximately equal to the further added cleaning liquid.

Abstract: The device for tanning, dyeing or the like, comprises a horizontal rotary drum mounted on a hollow shaft and having a cylindrical drum jacket, which is sealed at the front ends by means of closing walls and contains in its interior a tanning or dyeing compartment subdivided into three treatment chambers by means of three perforated equiangularly spaced radial partition walls. The rotary drum comprises on its exterior a number of pockets corresponding to the number of the treatment chambers, each pocket being in joint communication with respectively two treatment chambers. During the rotation of the rotary drum in one direction of rotation the treatment medium emerges approximately radially from a treatment chamber and enters a pocket in the area of one frontal drum end from which a partial stream flows into another pocket to be mixed with the treatment medium disposed in this pocket and then approximately radially into a treatment chamber.

Abstract: An improved hide processing machine has a hide-treating drum supported for rotation about a central longitudinal axis to retain and tumble hides and treating fluids at a closed end of the drum. The drum includes helical partition means extending across the interior of the drum and spirally along the drum axis from its closed end toward its open end, thereby dividing the drum into at least two longitudinally-extending spiral compartments. The partition means prevents movement of hides from one such compartment to another during rotation of the drum, and includes fluid-transmitting openings for free movement of treating fluid between such compartments. The helical partition means can provide a conveying force for retaining or discharging such hides when the drum is rotated in an appropriate direction.

Abstract: Improved lubricator roll for uniformly applying low viscosity lubricant to surfaces such as fusing rolls used in copying or reproduction machines. The roll has a longitudinal array of apertures for dispensing low viscosity lubricant contained in the roll and a longitudinal, interior strip which scoops lubricant into an annular reservoir formed between the strip and the roll. The annular reservoir provides a head on the lubricant near the dispensing apertures so that lubricant is dispensed therefrom over approximately three-fourths of each revolution, regardless of the level of lubricant in the roll. The reservoir-forming strip also modulates the amount of lubricant present in the reservoir so that the roll apertures alternately dispense oil and vent the roll.

Abstract: A heated roll for effecting heat treatment of materials has an outer cylindrical shell, an inner cylindrical shell spaced from the outer cylindrical shell, a wall defining an annular space between the shells, partitions in the annular space for forming flow channels for the heating medium passing through the inner space, feed means for introducing a heating medium into the annular space and a discharge means for discharging the heating medium from the annular space and from the roll. The discharge means includes a centrally located backflow conduit and defines a single stationary discharge opening arranged in the roll below the roll axis for discharging heating medium selectively from the lower portion of the roll to the centrally located backflow conduit.

Abstract: Apparatus for cleaning textiles, leather and furs by means of organic solvents as well as for working up the solvent, which comprises a cleaning drum with casing connected to a solvent cycle and a feed-back of solvent vapor including vapor liquefaction. The solvent cycle of the apparatus is provided with a pump, a filter, the cited distillation vessel and a solvent supply vessel containing a cooling cycle. The solvent vapor feed-back of the apparatus is provided with a sieve, a compressor, a condenser, a feed-back to the cited distillation vessel (drum casing) between compressor and condenser, and a duct from the condenser to the solvent supply vessel via a gas expansion device. The vapor feed-back is provided with a heat exchanger being part of the cooling cycle on the secondary side and a subsequent stop valve. The cooling cycle is provided with a compressor with subsequent heat exchanger being part of the feed-back on the primary side and a condensing coil being part of the solvent supply vessel.