Abstract: A method for calibrating an engine control module includes sampling a first signal from a first oxygen sensor located upstream from a catalyst. The first signal indicates an oxygen content of exhaust gas produced by an engine. The method further includes predicting a response of a second oxygen sensor located downstream from the catalyst using a model of the catalyst and the first signal and sampling a second signal from the second oxygen sensor. The method further includes determining a component of the second signal based on a difference between samples of the second signal and the predicted response. The component is due to gases other than oxygen. Additionally, the method includes calibrating the engine control module based on the component of the second signal. The engine control module controls an amount of fuel injected into the engine.

Abstract: Disclosed is an internal-combustion engine controller capable of improving emission characteristics at a start of an internal-combustion engine. When injection during an exhaust stroke is controlled in a port-injection engine, the engine controller ECU performs the first fuel injection during t1 to t2 according to a memory-based crank angle as illustrated in FIG. 12(b) at a fuel injection timing before determination of an actual stroke. Thus, the injected fuel has been introduced into a cylinder during the actual stroke. If fuel is not injected during t1N to t3N within the next exhaust stroke as denoted by the solid line, this causes misfire in the cylinder, so that the engine rotation at the start cannot be smooth. Thus, the ECU clears a finished fuel injection flag (F_INJ) at an incorrect crank angle storage determination timing (tJUD) as denoted by the dashed-dotted line, thereby capable of controlling the fuel injection.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting an abnormal air-fuel ratio variation among cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine includes: a detecting unit detecting the abnormal air-fuel ratio variation on the basis of output fluctuations of at least one predetermined target cylinder when fuel injection amount changing control for changing a fuel injection amount of the target cylinder by a predetermined amount is executed; and an air-fuel ratio control unit causing an air-fuel ratio detected on the basis of a signal output from an air-fuel ratio sensor provided in an exhaust passage to follow a predetermined target air-fuel ratio. When the fuel injection amount changing control is executed, a target air-fuel ratio in the air-fuel ratio feedback control is shifted from the predetermined target air-fuel ratio by an amount corresponding to an amount of change of the fuel injection amount of the target cylinder in the fuel injection amount changing control.

Abstract: A method of operating an electronically controlled dual fuel compression ignition engine includes injecting a pilot ignition quantity of liquid fuel into an engine cylinder from a dual fuel injector in an engine cycle during an auto ignition condition. An amount of gaseous fuel is also injected into the engine cylinder from the dual fuel injector in the same engine cycle. The amount of gaseous fuel is divided between a pre-mix quantity of gaseous fuel, which may be injected about 90° before top dead center, and a post ignition quantity of gaseous fuel that may be injected after top dead center, with both quantities being greater than zero. An engine controller may change a ratio of the pre-mix quantity of gaseous fuel to the post ignition quantity of gaseous fuel responsive to changing from a first engine speed and load to a second engine speed and load. The pilot ignition quantity of liquid fuel is compression ignited, which in turn causes the gaseous fuel to be ignited.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for mitigating engine pre-ignition based on a feed-forward likelihood of pre-ignition and feedback from a pre-ignition event. In response to an indication of pre-ignition, a cylinder may be enriched while an engine load is limited. The enrichment may be followed by an enleanment to restore exhaust catalyst feed-gas oxygen levels. The mitigating steps may be adjusted based on engine operating conditions, a pre-ignition count, as well as the nature of the pre-ignition.

Abstract: Based on one or more monitored operation parameters of an internal combustion engine, a set of engine operation conditions necessary to provide combustion stability in a combustion volume of the engine, optimized fuel efficiency, and minimized production of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and unburned hydrocarbons can be determined. The new set of engine operation conditions can be dynamically implemented in response to changing engine loads and changing engine speeds to maintain a combustion mixture and combustion conditions within a combustion chamber of the engine constrained flammability limits, pollutant generation rates, and fuel efficiency considerations. Related articles, systems, and methods are described.

Abstract: A fuel injection control for an internal combustion engine is provided. Fuel is injected into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine. The fuel injection is divided into main injection and pilot injection in advance of the main injection. An actual compression ignition timing is detected based on a combustion state in the cylinder. A fuel injection timing of the main injection is controlled based on the actual compression ignition timing. An amount of heat release based on the pilot injection is computed. A fuel injection amount of the pilot injection is corrected based on the computed heat release amount.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method for monitoring the levels of propane or other consumable liquid in remotely located storage tanks and coordinating delivery of liquid to those tanks, including an improved method of using the remote monitoring data to identify out-of-ordinary conditions at remote tanks, optimally schedule purchases or deliveries, improve safety, and more efficiently operate a propane dealership. More accurate and timely information concerning the status of customer tanks serves to improve operational efficiencies and increase safety. Data received from remote sensors can be collected and organized so that it is easily understood and utilized through the implementation of a user interface accessible via the Internet that allows the information to be presented in an efficient graphical and contextual fashion.

Abstract: A fuel injection amount calculation method calculates a fuel injection amount to an internal combustion engine of a vehicle. The method can include calculating a relative intake pressure which is a difference between an intake pressure peak of intake air upon intake starting of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine and an intake pressure bottom of the intake air upon intake ending. The method can also include calculating the fuel injection amount based on the relative intake pressure.

Abstract: An inter-cylinder air-fuel ratio imbalance determination apparatus (determination apparatus) according to the present invention obtains, based on the output value of the air-fuel ratio sensor, an imbalance determination parameter which becomes larger as an air-fuel ratio fluctuation of an exhaust gas passing through a position at which the air-fuel ratio sensor is disposed becomes larger, during a parameter obtaining period. The determination apparatus energizes the heater of the air-fuel ratio sensor in such a manner that a temperature of the air-fuel ratio element during the parameter obtaining period is higher than a temperature of the air-fuel ratio element during a period other than the parameter obtaining period. Accordingly, the imbalance determination parameter is obtained while the responsiveness of the air-fuel ratio sensor is high, and thus, the inter-cylinder air-fuel-ratio imbalance determination having a high accuracy can be made.

Abstract: Various methods and systems are provided for regenerating an exhaust gas recirculation cooler. One example method includes, initiating an EGR cooler regeneration mode, wherein the EGR cooler regeneration mode comprises changing a fuel distribution of a donor cylinder group relative to a non-donor cylinder group of an engine, and increasing at least one of engine speed or load of the engine.

Abstract: A method for controlling a valve of a crank case scavenged internal combustion engine includes determining a valve control sequence, wherein the valve is controlled in consecutive periods of revolutions each having a period length of at least ten revolutions, and controlling the valve according to the valve control sequence to adjust the ratio of fuel to air in a combustible mixture delivered to an engine combustion chamber. Determining the valve control sequence for each period includes providing a number of valve shut-off positions, wherein the number of valve shut-off positions corresponds to an amount of fuel or air to be supplied to the engine during the corresponding period, and determining which revolutions of the period that the valve is to be closed.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling the drive of a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine (ICE) have a control device to which operating parameters of the drive and parameters influencing the driving operation of the motor vehicle are supplied. On the basis of these parameters the control device enables or terminates the implementation of fuel consumption reduction measures (STST) if specific parameter constellations are present. During the operation of the vehicle the number and/or the duration the possible fuel consumption reduction measures and fuel consumption reduction measures actually carried out are/is determined and the number and/or the duration of the possible fuel consumption reduction measures and the number and/or the duration of the fuel consumption reduction measures actually carried out are/is correlated. From this, a variable (R) is determined which represents a measure for the implementation of the possible fuel consumption reduction measures.

Abstract: Engine idle control includes commanding a preferred engine idle speed and operating the engine at a mean best torque spark timing, monitoring an engine speed and an engine air/fuel ratio, commanding an injected fuel mass corresponding to the monitored engine speed and the preferred engine idle speed, and commanding a cylinder intake air mass corresponding to the injected fuel mass, the engine air/fuel ratio and a preferred engine air/fuel ratio.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system for an internal combustion engine and a method of operating the fuel delivery system is described. As one example, the method includes delivering a first fuel blend from a first fuel tank to the engine; delivering a second fuel blend from a second fuel tank to the engine, the proportion of said second fuel blend delivered to the engine to said first fuel blend delivered to the engine being related to the desired engine output; transferring said first fuel blend from said first fuel tank to said second fuel tank to prevent an amount of said first fuel blend and said second fuel blend in said second fuel tank from falling below a predetermined level; and boosting air delivered to the engine, the amount of boosting being related to latent heat of vaporization of said second fuel blend delivered to the engine.

Abstract: A control system for a direct-injection four-stroke internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, an intake passage supplying air to the cylinder, and an exhaust passage removing exhaust gas from the cylinder, the control system including a mass air flow meter configured to detect a mass air flow upstream of the cylinder and a control unit. The control unit is configured to detect an intake air density in the cylinder, calculate an in-cylinder trapped intake air amount based on a cylinder volume and the detected intake air density, and estimate a difference between the intake air amount detected by the mass air flow meter and the in-cylinder trapped intake air amount, the estimated difference being an estimated scavenging amount representing a fresh air blowby amount passing from the intake passage into the exhaust passage.

Abstract: A control device of an internal combustion engine includes a target air-fuel ratio set portion that sets a target air-fuel ratio according to an operating state of the internal combustion engine, an air-fuel ratio detection portion that detects an actual air-fuel ratio, a feedback correction value calculation portion that calculates a feedback correction value to correct a fuel injection amount for the actual air-fuel ratio to coincide with the target air-fuel ratio, and a fuel property change determination portion that determines a change of a fuel property on the basis of a change of a correction amount including a correction value for the fuel injection amount calculated on the basis of the feedback correction value in addition to the feedback correction value. The control device can determine a change of the fuel property accurately even when a change of the feedback correction value is reflected on another correction value.

Abstract: A method for operating a hybrid drive of a motor vehicle in particular. An internal combustion engine is connected to a generator via a force-conducting connection. In a learning mode, the generator is operated as a motor and drives the internal combustion engine. In this learning mode, a so-called zero quantity calibration is performed.

Abstract: A dual fuel system employs a liquid fuel supply subsystem and a gaseous fuel supply subsystem for an engine. The liquid fuel supply subsystem supplies liquid fuel to the engine and an electronic control module is configured to control, via one or more liquid fuel control signals, the amount of liquid fuel supplied to the engine based on one or more sensor signals. A gaseous fuel supply subsystem is configured to supply gaseous fuel to the engine and an electronic controller subsystem responsive to liquid fuel control signal(s) determines, based on the liquid fuel control signals, a modified amount of liquid fuel and an amount of gaseous fuel to be supplied to the engine for dual fuel operation.

Abstract: A control system for controlling a power output of a gas engine of the present invention includes a target value setting section for setting as a target value a restricted power output which is less than a predetermined power output when a source gas pressure of a gas fuel is less than a predetermined value required to inject the gas fuel against an intake-air pressure according to the predetermined power output, a power output setting section for setting a set value of a power output based on the target value set by the target value setting section, and a power output control section for controlling the power output so that the power output reaches the set value set by the power output setting section.

Abstract: An engine control system includes a coefficient calculation module that selects one of N coefficients based on an AFM selection by a corresponding one of N users. A switching torque calculation module calculates an adjusted active fuel management (AFM) switching threshold based on the one of the N coefficients, a maximum torque of an engine, and a default AFM switching threshold.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine, in which fuel is injected into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine with the aid of an injector, a variable which characterizes a slope of a straight line or of a curve which has at least some sections in the shape of a straight line, being ascertained, the straight line or straight line-shaped curve linking activation times of the injector to the appropriate difference values, and a difference value being formed by the difference between an instantaneous closing point in time and a reference closing point in time or between an instantaneous injection quantity and a reference injection quantity, and a measure for a coking of the injector being ascertained from the ascertained variable.

Abstract: An abnormality detection apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine changes a fuel injection quantity of a predetermined target cylinder to detect an abnormality of an internal combustion engine based on values of rotational variations relating to the target cylinder detected before and after the change of the fuel injection quantity. The abnormality detection apparatus corrects the values of the rotational variations relating to the target cylinder detected before and after the change of the fuel injection quantity based on at least one of the number of revolutions of the engine and an engine load at a corresponding detection time.

Abstract: A method is described for operating an engine of a vehicle, the engine having a combustion chamber. The method may include controlling a stability of the vehicle in response to a vehicle acceleration; and adjusting spark timing in the combustion chamber of the engine in response to a knock indication, and further adjusting spark timing in response to the vehicle acceleration to reduce surge.

Abstract: A cylinder-inflow EGR gas quantity determining arrangement estimates or senses a value of a cylinder-inflow EGR gas quantity, which is a quantity of EGR gas that flows into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. A misfire predicting arrangement predicts whether misfire occurs based on the value of the cylinder-inflow EGR gas quantity and an operational state of the internal combustion engine. A misfire-avoidance control arrangement executes at least one misfire-avoidance control operation to avoid the misfire when the misfire predicting arrangement predicts that the misfire occurs.

Abstract: A method to control an internal combustion engine includes operating the engine with a fuel blend of a first fuel and a second fuel, monitoring a value of a first combustion parameter during engine operation, monitoring a first value for a second combustion parameter during engine operation, determining a second value for the second combustion parameter in accordance with a predetermined correspondence among the first combustion parameter, the second combustion parameter, and a predetermined fuel blend of the first fuel and the second fuel, determining the fuel blend based upon a difference between the first and second values for the second combustion parameter, and controlling the engine based upon the fuel blend.

Abstract: A method for assembling a gas turbine engine to prevent rotor over-speeding is described. The method includes serially coupling a first fuel system interface to a second fuel system interface, such that at least one of the first fuel system interface and the second fuel system interface is coupled to the gas turbine engine. The method also includes coupling a control system to the first fuel system interface and to the second fuel system interface. The control system is configured to identify an occurrence of an over-speed condition. The method also includes programming the control system to discontinue fuel flow to the engine when both the first fuel system interface and the second fuel system interface indicate an over-speed condition has occurred.

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus is provided with a supply control section, a stop control section, a timing estimating section and a torque recovery control section. The supply control section controls fuel supplied to an engine based on a detected prescribed vehicle running state. The stop control section stops supplying fuel upon detecting a first prescribed vehicle running state. The timing estimating section estimates a timing at which a drive train transmitting a drive force from the engine to a wheel will change from a non-drive state in which the engine rotates due to a force from the wheel to a drive state in which the wheel rotates due to a drive force of the engine. The torque recovery control section resumes supplying fuel upon detecting a second prescribed vehicle running state and stops resumption of fuel being supplied for a prescribed amount of time based on the timing.

Abstract: A control system and method for operating an engine includes a transition module that commands engine control from a first homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) mode to a second HCCI mode. The control system also includes a fuel delivery module that operates the engine in a stratified charge operation mode after commanding engine control from the first HCCI mode to the second HCCI mode and discontinues the stratified charge operation thereafter.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine in which a speed-based feature of the internal combustion engine, which is correlated with an indicated mean effective pressure of the fuel, is determined during the warm-up of the internal combustion engine and an ideal fuel quantity, which is to be injected into at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine during the warm-up, is ascertained therefrom.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine includes injecting a quantity of fuel in the engine per engine cycle. A total value of the fuel quantity is evaluated as the sum of a fuel quantity base value and a fuel quantity correction value. The fuel quantity base value is determined based on a requested value of engine torque to be generated in the engine cycle. The fuel quantity correction value is determined based on an engine torque error in a previous engine cycle, which is calculated as a difference between a value of engine torque generated in the previous engine cycle and the requested value of engine torque for the previous engine cycle.

Abstract: A method for controlling an internal combustion engine includes monitoring an engine operating state and selectively operating the engine in a multiple-injection, multiple-ignition combustion mode comprising three injection events based upon the engine operating state. The selective operation includes controlling a first injection during a recompression period of the combustion cycle, controlling a second injection event effective to establish a homogeneous fuel charge prior to a main combustion, and controlling a third injection late in the compression phase of the combustion cycle.

Abstract: Over a diesel engine's lifetime, engine efficiency may be reduced and some of this may be attributable to sulfur deposit accumulation in the engine. A method for controlling operation of a diesel engine operating on a fuel is provided. The method may include adjusting an injection of fuel to the engine in response to a sulfur content of the fuel.

Abstract: The automatic/stop restart device includes a restart control module for performing restart control for the internal combustion engine by pushing out a pinion gear (17) by a pinion-gear push-out device (18) to bring the pinion gear into meshing engagement with a ring gear (16) when the restart requirement is satisfied before the rotation of the internal combustion engine is stopped after an automatic stop requirement is satisfied. The pinion gear is pushed out when the restart requirement is satisfied when a rotation speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than a predetermined rotation speed. At the same time, a starter motor (19) is driven by a starter-motor waiting-time adjustment module for adjusting a driving waiting time for the starter motor (19) according to the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine obtained when the restart requirement is satisfied. In this manner, the restart is quickly performed.

Abstract: A control device includes: a first phase changing portion retarding a first intake valve phase relative to a second intake valve phase; a throttle valve adjusting an intake air amount of the engine, and a control portion configured to perform an intake valve phase control which controls the first phase changing portion to retard the first intake valve phase relative to the second intake valve phase such that an air amount in the cylinder of the engine is reduced to a target value to perform rich combustion, and the control portion configured to perform a throttle valve closing control which controls the throttle valve such that the air amount in the cylinder is the target value or smaller after the air amount in the cylinder is not reduced to the target value or smaller by the intake valve phase control performed by the first phase changing portion.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is provided, which is capable of suppressing deterioration of exhaust emission due to an unburned fuel contained in oil which enters a combustion chamber during valve stop control while preventing inflow of fresh air to a catalyst, at a time of valve return following return from fuel cut. Variable valve operating apparatuses having valve stop mechanisms capable of changing operation states of an intake valve and an exhaust valve between valve operation states and valve closed and stopped states are included. Valve stop control that changes the operation states of the intake valve and the exhaust valve to the valve closed and stopped states is performed, at a time of execution of the fuel cut. When a return request from the fuel cut with the valve stop control is detected, a fuel is supplied to a combustion chamber before the operation state of the exhaust valve is returned to the valve operation state.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine having a throttle valve disposed in an intake passage of the engine is provided. A wide-open intake air amount, which is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where the throttle valve is fully opened, is calculated according to the engine rotational speed, and a theoretical intake air amount, which is an intake air amount corresponding to a state where no exhaust gas of the engine is recirculated to a combustion chamber of the engine, is calculated according to the wide-open intake air amount and the intake pressure. An actual intake air amount of the engine is detected or estimated, and an exhaust gas recirculation ratio is calculated using the theoretical intake air amount and the actual intake air amount. The engine is controlled using the calculated exhaust gas recirculation ratio.

Abstract: The technology described herein provides an active driver control system. Additionally, in various example embodiments, this technology provides methods for optimizing fuel economy (or energy consumption) through active compensation of driver controlled inputs. The active compensation functionality is used to moderate ‘sweet spot’ vehicle response with driver desired performance. In particular, the active compensation functionality can be used to smooth the vehicle response and attenuate undesired frequency content from the driver input. One of the benefits to this technology is that it assists all drivers in achieving better fuel economy in real world driving. Another benefit is that active compensation of driver controlled inputs can mitigate some of the negative effects of more aggressive driving styles.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally a fuel injector configured to inject fuel into a combustion chamber. The fuel injector includes a body having a base portion opposite a nozzle portion, wherein the base portion is configured to receive the fuel into the body, and the nozzle portion is configured to be positioned adjacent to the combustion chamber. The fuel injector also includes a valve assembly carried by the base portion of the body. The valve assembly may have a first valve coupled to a first actuator and a second valve coupled to a second actuator. The fuel injector further includes an igniter carried by the nozzle portion of the body and configured to ignite the fuel in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method for operating a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine is described in which pressurized fuel is provided in a pressure storage device and a fuel pressure prevailing in pressure storage device is regulated with the aid of a pressure regulation, during a first measuring interval at least one fuel withdrawal from the pressure storage device taking place, and during a second measuring interval no fuel withdrawal from the pressure storage device of this type taking place, and during the first and the second measuring intervals a performance quantity of the pressure regulation being ascertained in each case, and the fuel quantity withdrawn during the first measuring interval being ascertained for the at least one withdrawal from a difference of the ascertained performance quantities of the pressure regulation.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a fuel pressure in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine. A setpoint fuel pressure is initially set in the fuel injection system. Next, a first fuel injection and a subsequent second fuel injection are executed at a time interval shorter than a decay time of a pressure wave in the fuel injection system, triggerable by the first fuel injection. In an additional step, a monitored fuel injection quantity, which is injected via the second fuel injection, is ascertained. An action is executed if the monitored fuel injection quantity differs from a setpoint fuel injection quantity, which is predefinable for the setpoint fuel pressure, by more than a limiting value. The invention also relates to a computer program product for executing the method and to a device for monitoring a fuel pressure in a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A vehicle display device is arranged in a vehicle having an idling stop function that automatically stops an engine when the vehicle temporarily stops. The device includes a control unit that calculates a deviation of a current instant fuel consumption with respect to an average fuel consumption in a past predetermined period of the vehicle; and a fuelometer that indicates fuel consumption information representing whether a current driving state of the vehicle decreases the average fuel consumption. When the vehicle is in the idling stop state, the fuelometer indicates that the deviation is 0 regardless of the instant fuel consumption and the average fuel consumption.

Abstract: A direct-injection, compression-ignition internal combustion engine control adapts nominal minimum pulsewidth parameters controlling the fuel injectors to minimize pilot fuel delivered to the cylinders required to initiate a preliminary combustion event.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control device of an internal combustion engine is provided. The control device includes a learning section, a correction section, and an inhibiting section. When an execution condition is met, the learning section learns, as a deviation amount learned value, a constant deviation amount between a correction amount and its reference value in different manners between a case in which the lift amount of the intake valve is in a first lift amount region used only when the execution condition is not met and a case in which the lift amount is in a second lift amount region used only when the execution condition is met. The learning section computes and stores the relationship between the deviation amount and the lift amount based on the deviation amount learned value. A correction section computes the deviation amount correction value from the stored relationship based on the lift amount, and corrects the fuel injection amount command value using the deviation amount correction value.

Abstract: An input system for vehicle includes an actuator operable by an operator, a controller outputting a display signal in response to an operation on the actuator, and a display to display an image based on the display signals. The controller outputs a control signal to a target device that performs one or more functions. The image includes a graphic object indicating the actuator, one or more arrows located around the graphic object, and one or more function indicators located in one or more directions indicated by the one or more arrows, respectively. The one or more function indicators indicate the one or more functions, respectively.

Abstract: In an abnormality detection apparatus and an abnormality detection method for a construction in which each of cylinders is provided with a plurality of fuel injection valves, if it is discerned that a cause of the inter-cylinder variation abnormality exists in one of the fuel injection valves, an air/fuel ratio fluctuation parameter as an index value that represents the degree of the abnormality is calculated by normalizing the air/fuel ratio fluctuation parameter regarding that fuel injection valve on the basis of the injection proportion used when the parameter is measured.

Abstract: A control device for an internal combustion engine includes an engine and a control unit . The engine can be driven by switching between CNG fuel and liquid fuel. The control unit switches an air fuel ratio, in case of switching fuel to be supplied to the engine between the CNG fuel and the liquid fuel, so that torque fluctuation of the engine is unchanged before and after switching the fuel.

Abstract: An inter-cylinder air-fuel ratio imbalance determination apparatus that obtains, based on an output value Vabyfs of an air-fuel ratio sensor, an air-fuel ratio fluctuation indicating amount (AFD) which becomes larger as an air-fuel ratio fluctuation of an exhaust gas passing through a position at which the air-fuel ratio sensor is disposed becomes larger, during a parameter obtaining period. The determination apparatus estimates an air-fuel ratio sensor element temperature (Temps) having a strong relation with responsiveness of the air-fuel ratio sensor during the parameter obtaining period, and obtains a corrected air-fuel ratio fluctuation indicating amount by correcting the AFD based on the estimated Temps.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided to address engine pre-ignition. One or more cylinders are alternately rich and lean operated for a duration to reduce engine thermal loading while maintaining an exhaust air-to-fuel ratio around stoichiometry.

Abstract: There is obtained an internal combustion engine control apparatus that can accurately determine the state of coupling between an internal combustion engine and a driving device so as to appropriately control the internal combustion engine. An internal combustion engine control apparatus according to the present invention includes a reference value learning function that learns a real calculation value, as the reference learning value for a transmission gear, when there are satisfied a first condition that the vehicle speed detected by a vehicle speed sensor, the real rotation speed detected by a rotation sensor, and the throttle opening degree detected by a throttle opening degree sensor are in predetermined ranges and a second condition that the real calculation value indicating the ratio of the vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed sensor to the real rotation speed detected by the rotation sensor is in a predetermined state.