Abstract: A torque vectoring control device and a method therefor may include a torque vectoring electric device (TVED) that adjusts a ratio of torques distributed to a left wheel and a right wheel using a torque of a torque vectoring control motor (TVCM), and a controller that determines the torque of the TVCM to reduce a difference between speeds of the left wheel and the right wheel when a wheel slip occurs while a vehicle is moving straight, and determines the torque of the TVCM according to handling information of a driver when the vehicle is turning.

Abstract: A method for controlling braking and/or traction of a vehicle is provided. The methods includes determining by the vehicle control unit a desired slip value based on vehicle state parameters, the desired slip value being communicated to the braking control unit and to the traction control unit, measuring or estimating a slip measure or estimation from wheel parameters collected on the at least wheel tire by the sensor, the slip measure or estimation being communicated to the braking control unit and/or to the traction control unit controlling a wheel slip by the braking control unit and by the traction control unit, based on the desired slip value and the slip measure or estimation.

Abstract: A torque control method and apparatus for a vehicle, including: determining whether a torque change request is received, during a process of performing an energy recovery function; determining whether an antilock brake system is in an active state, in case that the torque change request is not received; if so, decreasing an energy recovery torque with a first torque change gradient; determining whether the antilock brake system is transited from the activated state to a non-activated state, during a process of decreasing the energy recovery torque; if so, determining whether it is satisfied that a first current driver demand torque is greater than a first preset value and the antilock brake system is in the non-activated state for longer than a first preset time; and if satisfied, recovering the energy recovery torque to the first current driver demand torque with a second torque change gradient.

Abstract: A vehicle braking energy recovering method includes obtaining current location information of a vehicle, determining a current road scenario based on the current location information of the vehicle, determining the current road scenario based on a mapping relationship between a road scenario and a weight, determining a safe distance and a safe speed of the vehicle based on the weight, determining a target torque based on the safe distance and the safe speed of the vehicle, and controlling, based on the target torque, a motor of the vehicle to recover braking energy.

Abstract: A vehicle control device includes a controller configured to control operation of a driving motor that is to output a driving force for a vehicle. The controller is switchable between a normal mode of controlling acceleration/deceleration based on a driver's acceleration/deceleration operation, and a cruise control mode of maintaining the vehicle speed at a target speed without the acceleration/deceleration operation. The controller is configured to, during the cruise control mode, calculate a torque command value for the motor by using integral control based on an integrated value of a deviation between the vehicle speed and the target speed, and execute an integrated-value adjustment process if the controller determines that the vehicle entered a flat road or an uphill road from a downhill road or a downhill road from a flat road or an uphill road. The process adjusts the integrated value to reduce an absolute value of the integrated value.

Abstract: A device for estimating a friction coefficient between a road surface and an automotive tire through determination of a steering torque during a steering maneuver of a slow-rolling or stationary vehicle includes a computer configured for constructing a brush model for a description of the steering torque across a contact patch between the tire and road surface. The steering torque is a torque acting on a steering axis required to overcome resistance to tire twisting on the road surface at a wheel velocity and a steering rate. The steering torque depends on a tire brush vertical load distribution and relative motion of tire brushes and the road surface. The device further includes sensors for measuring the wheel velocity and the steering rate and mechanism for measurements or estimation of the steering torque. The friction coefficient is estimated based on the measurements or estimation of the steering torque and the brush model.

Abstract: A bicycle apparatus is basically provided with a housing, an assist motor and a case. The housing is configured to be provided to a bicycle. The assist motor housed in an internal space of the housing. The assist motor is configured to add an assisting force to a manual drive force inputted from a bicycle crankshaft. The case that is separate from the housing. The ABS unit provided in an internal space of the case. The ABS unit is configured to control a braking force that is applied to a wheel of the bicycle.

Abstract: An electric braking system (1) for braking an aircraft, the system comprising: a brake (3) comprising an electromechanical actuator (5) designed so that when it applies a force to the friction members (4) that is less than or equal to a first maximum threshold, no degradation of the actuator occurs, and when it applies a force to the friction members (4) that is greater than the first maximum threshold, degradation is likely to occur; control means (7) configurable to occupy a first mode in which the controlled braking force cannot exceed the first maximum threshold, and to occupy a second mode in which the controlled braking force can reach the second maximum threshold; and configuration means (10) arranged to configure the control means (7) to occupy the second mode when in a situation preceding a potential interruption of takeoff (RTO) of the aircraft, and otherwise to occupy the first mode.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided herein for operating a vehicle in a vehicle yaw mode. In response to initiating vehicle yaw mode, the system engages an open-loop mode, that provides open-loop forward torque to the outer wheels of the vehicle and open-loop backward torque to the inner wheels of the vehicle until a sufficient number of wheels are slipping. In response to determining that a sufficient number of wheels are slipping, engaging a closed-loop mode. While operating in the closed-loop mode, one or both of the wheel rotation and vehicle yaw rate are monitored to adjust the torques provided to the wheels of the vehicle to control the vehicle yaw rate.

Abstract: Brake control systems are disclosed herein. A brake control system comprises a first set of analog-to-digital converters in electrical communication with a first set of brake input mechanism sensors and a second set of analog-to-digital converters in electrical communication with a second set of brake input mechanism sensors. The first and second sets of analog-to-digital converters comprise one or more of different hardware and different software for differentially manipulating sensor outputs received from the brake input mechanism sensors.

Abstract: A road surface state estimation device includes a tire-side device and a vehicle-body-side system. The tire-side device is disposed in a tire. The vehicle-body-side system is disposed in a vehicle body. The tire-side device outputs a detection signal corresponding to a magnitude of vibration of the tire, generates road surface data based on the detection signal, and performs data communication with the vehicle-body-side system. The vehicle-body-side system acquires information related to the road surface state, performs the data communication with the tire-side device, transmits vehicle-body-side information indicating that the change in the road surface state occurs to the tire-side device when determining that a change in the road surface state occurs based on the information related to the road surface state, and estimates the road surface state based on the road surface data received by the second transceiver.

Abstract: For an engine that draws a complicated torque trajectory, it has been taken a lot of time to adapt a time constant for calculation of estimated torque. Therefore, an ECU 102 includes a target torque calculation unit 203 that calculates target torque of an engine for which torque-based engine control is performed using estimated torque, and an estimated torque calculation unit 210 that calculates the estimated torque by calculating a primary delay coefficient 304 equivalent to a time constant calculated for each control cycle based on a change in an actual intake air amount with respect to a target intake air amount of air sucked into the engine and performing primary delay processing on the target torque using the primary delay coefficient 304.

Abstract: An inertial navigation device that includes a processor that is configured to: assume a vertical velocity and a lateral velocity of a vehicle to be 0, and estimate a roll angle, a pitch angle and an azimuth angle, which are attitude angles of the vehicle, based on angular velocities and accelerations detected by the inertial measurement device, a longitudinal velocity detected by a vehicle velocity sensor, and an initial value of the azimuth angle of the vehicle, and assume the vertical velocity of the vehicle to be 0, and estimate a current position of the vehicle based on the estimated attitude angles, the angular velocities and the accelerations detected by the inertial measurement device, the longitudinal velocity detected by the vehicle velocity sensor, a steering angle detected by a steering angle sensor, and an initial value of a position of the vehicle.

Abstract: A brake system for a vehicle is disclosed and includes an energy storage device configured to store and discharge energy, a plurality of wheels, one or more processors operatively coupled to the energy storage device, and a memory coupled to the one or more processors. The memory stores data comprising a database and program code that, when executed by the one or more processors, causes the brake system to determine the brake system is operating in a backup mode of operation. In response to determining the brake system is operating in the backup mode of operation, the brake system calculates a dynamic slip of the plurality of wheels. The brake system is caused to determine a slip error by comparing the dynamic slip with a target slip value of the plurality of wheels. The brake system is also caused to calculate an antiskid command based on the slip error.

Abstract: Systems and methods for navigating a host vehicle. The system may perform operations comprising receiving, from an image capture device, a plurality of images representative of an environment of the host vehicle; analyzing at least one of the plurality of images to identify a first object in the environment of the vehicle, wherein the first object and a road on which the first object is located are at least partially obscured by a second object in the environment of the vehicle; determining scale change information for the first object based on at least two of the plurality of images; determining, based on the determined scale change information for the first object, a lane position of the first object relative to a lane of the road on which the first object is located; and determining a navigational action for the host vehicle based on the determined lane position.

Abstract: A vehicle braking energy recovering method includes obtaining current location information of a vehicle, determining a current road scenario based on the current location information of the vehicle, determining the current road scenario based on a mapping relationship between a road scenario and a weight, determining a safe distance and a safe speed of the vehicle based on the weight, determining a target torque based on the safe distance and the safe speed of the vehicle, and controlling, based on the target torque, a motor of the vehicle to recover braking energy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control system for controlling a torque generator of a vehicle. The control system is configured to receive one or more electrical signals indicative of a surface indicator; receive one or more electrical signals indicative of a deceleration demand; select a surface type from a plurality of predetermined surface types based on said one or more electrical signals indicative of a surface indicator; determine a target vehicle deceleration in dependence on the selected surface type; determine, based on said one or more electrical signals indicative of a deceleration demand, a requirement to decelerate the vehicle; and in dependence on determining said requirement, output a control signal to the torque generator. The control signal is configured to cause the torque generator to provide the target vehicle deceleration.

Abstract: An apparatus for displaying steering information of a preceding vehicle may include: a processor of a host vehicle, where the processor receives steering information of the preceding vehicle among a plurality of platooning vehicles including the host vehicle; and a display controlled by the processor to display the steering information of the preceding vehicle.

Abstract: A method of brake steering in a four-wheel drive utility vehicle having a driven front axle carrying at least two front wheels, a driven rear axle carrying at least two rear wheels, a powertrain delivering torque to the front axle via a first motor and to the rear axle via a second motor, a controlled clutch arrangement operable to couple the outputs of the first and second motors to vary the distribution of delivered torque between the front and rear axles, and independently operable service brakes on each of the front and rear wheels. The method includes determining a difference in wheel velocity between front and rear wheels; comparing the difference to a threshold value and, when exceeded, automatically engaging the controlled clutch arrangement. A determination is made as to whether or not the vehicle is performing a brake steering manoeuvre and the threshold value is adjusted accordingly.

Abstract: Systems and methods for facilitating an automatic adjustment of a braking system is provided. In one example, a computer-implemented method can comprise generating, by a system operatively coupled to a processor, a braking curve model based on braking usage pattern data corresponding to one or more vehicles. The computer-implemented method can also comprise adjusting, by the system, a supplemental braking component of the first vehicle based on a simulation of one or more braking components corresponding to the one or more vehicles, wherein the one or more braking components is represented by the braking curve model.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a torque converter bypass clutch, a wheel, a generator, and a controller. The torque converter bypass clutch is disposed between the wheel and the electric machine. The controller is programmed to, responsive to slip of the clutch exceeding a threshold during regenerative braking, energize the electric machine such that a torque being transferred from the wheel to the electric machine increases at a first rate and increase clutch pressure to decrease the slip. The controller is further programmed to, responsive to the slip decreasing to less than the threshold during the regenerative braking, adjust electric machine energization such the that torque being transferred from the wheel to the electric machine increases at a second rate that is greater than the first rate.

Abstract: A regenerative braking control system includes at least one sensor adapted to sense a front tire impact event and transmit a sensor signal responsive to the front tire impact event during vehicle braking and a regenerative powertrain interfacing with the at least one sensor and adapted to reduce regenerative braking torque responsive to receiving the sensor signal from the at least one sensor. A regenerative braking control method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for coordinating and controlling vehicles, for example heavy trucks, to follow closely to behind each other, or linking to form a platoon. In one aspect, on-board controllers in each vehicle interact with vehicle sensors to monitor and control, for example, gross vehicle weight, axle loads, and stopping distance. In some aspects, two vehicles can determine information associated with their gross weight and axle load, and apply that information to assist with determining a bounding box indicating which vehicle will take longer to stop. Based on which vehicle will take longer to stop, an order of vehicles in a potential platoon is determined.

Abstract: A method of providing an additive offset of a longitudinal acceleration signal of a traveling motor vehicle. The signal being measured by an inertial sensor is ascertained. At least the longitudinal acceleration signal, a braking signal, and a drive signal are detected. A force balance of the longitudinal dynamic of the motor vehicle is analyzed. The signals are detected both during at least one acceleration process as well as during at least one braking process. The signals during the acceleration processes are detected and/or analyzed separately from the signals during the braking processes, and the additive offset is ascertained by comparing the signals detected during the acceleration processes or the values calculated therefrom with the signals detected during the braking processes or the values calculated therefrom. The invention further relates to an electronic controller.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for controlling aircraft brakes. A brake control system may comprise a controller, and a tangible, non-transitory memory configured to communicate with the controller. The tangible, non-transitory memory having instructions stored thereon that, in response to execution by the controller, cause the controller to perform operations comprising: determining a braking power discrepancy of a wheel (eP,i), comparing the braking power discrepancy of the wheel (eP,i) to a threshold discrepancy value, and modulating a braking pressure applied to the wheel based on the comparison of the braking power discrepancy of the wheel (eP,i) to the threshold discrepancy value.

Abstract: A method for operating a speed control system of a vehicle is provided. The method comprises detecting an occurrence of a slip event, of a step encounter event, or of both events at a leading wheel of the vehicle. The method also comprises predicting that the occurrence of the detected event(s) will occur at a following wheel of the vehicle. The method yet further comprises automatically controlling vehicle speed, vehicle acceleration, or both vehicle speed and acceleration in response to the detection, the prediction, or both the detection and prediction. A speed control system comprising an electronic control unit (ECU) configured to perform the above-described methodology is also provided.

Abstract: A control device for a regenerative braking system having control electronics, the control electronics being designed, in consideration of at least one provided first variable with respect to a utilized coefficient of friction occurring in each case at the at least one wheel which may be regeneratively braked, to determine at least one preset variable with respect to at least one hydraulic minimum braking torque to be exerted on the at least one wheel which may be regeneratively braked, and, in consideration of at least the at least one determined preset variable, to determine the at least one setpoint variable.

Abstract: A method for setting a slip threshold for a vehicle movement dynamics control device of a motor vehicle is provided. The method includes defining a slip threshold starting from which the vehicle movement dynamics control device is activated in order to reduce slip, and determining wheel-specific minimum slip values for the wheels of the motor vehicle, which slip values are derived from the respective wheel-specific slip signals. The method also includes detecting a geometric slip by correlating all the determined wheel-specific minimum slip values with one another, and evaluating the wheel-specific minimum slip values that are correlated with one another. The method also includes raising the slip threshold in the event of geometric slip being detected. The present disclosure also relates to a vehicle movement dynamics control device.

Abstract: A method for controlling an emergency braking system of a motor vehicle having a stability control system when the stability control system is deactivated or placed in a reduced mode. The method includes the step of determining whether the stability control system is in a deactivated or reduced mode and keeping the automatic emergency braking system active even if the stability control system is deactivated or in a reduced mode. The system includes temporarily activating the stability control system if a hazardous situation exists requiring generation of an emergency braking command.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicle includes a camera disposed at the vehicle and having a field of view rearward of the vehicle, and at least one non-imaging sensor disposed at the vehicle so as to sense a region at least rearward and partially sideward of the vehicle. During a reversing maneuver of the vehicle along a pathway, the control, responsive to processing of image data captured by the camera, determines edges of the pathway. During the reversing maneuver of the vehicle along the narrow pathway, the control, responsive to processing of data sensed by the non-imaging sensor, determines distances to objects present at or near the determined pathway and rearward and sideward of the vehicle. The control, responsive to determination of the pathway and determination of objects present along the pathway, is operable to steer the vehicle along the pathway to reverse the vehicle along the pathway.

Abstract: Method for processing a measurement signal (x) from a pressure measurement cell in order to generate an output signal (y) with the aid of a filter unit (10), wherein the method involves generating the output signal (y) with the aid of the filter unit (10) by at least reducing, preferably eliminating, a noise signal contained in the measurement signal (x), continuously determining a difference between the measurement signal (x) and the output signal (y), and changing a characteristic of the filter unit (10) as soon as the difference becomes greater than a threshold value, wherein the changed characteristic of the filter unit (10) remains as long as the difference becomes smaller than the threshold value, and wherein the changing of the filter characteristic involves decreasing the reduction in the noise signal present in the measurement signal (x).

Abstract: What is described is a tire pressure sensor for use in a wheel of aircraft landing gear. The tire pressure sensor includes a position sensor configured to detect a movement of the wheel and generate a wheel movement signal based on the movement. The tire pressure sensor also includes a processor coupled to the position sensor. The processor is configured to receive the wheel movement signal, determine a wheel rotational speed of the wheel based on the wheel movement signal and generate a wheel rotational speed signal based on the wheel rotational speed.

Abstract: A hybrid wheel loader includes a control device (200) that estimates output power of an engine (1) and an electricity storage device (11) when the hybrid wheel loader is inferred on the basis of output values of detectors (62, 63) to be traveling towards an object of excavation in order to perform an excavating work, and then, if the output power is less than target power considered necessary for the excavating work, accelerates the engine (1) to a target revolution speed while increasing the electric power supplied from the electricity storage device to a traveling motor (9). Accordingly, power necessary for excavation can be drawn from the engine even when the engine revolution speed is low and there is a fear of power deficiency occurring at the time of the excavating work.

Abstract: A method for controlling torque delivery in a vehicle powertrain using an enhanced limited operating strategy. The strategy is implemented when a powertrain controller fails to respond properly to a driver command for traction wheel torque whereby a modified wheel torque at vehicle traction wheels under driver control is made available.

Abstract: A brake hydraulic pressure control device for a vehicle in which operation of a hydraulic pressure adjustment unit that can carry out adjustment involving individually increasing/decreasing brake hydraulic pressures applied to wheel brakes for front and rear wheels is controlled for allowing differential pressure between brake hydraulic pressures of the left and right wheel brakes, wherein allowable differential pressure setting means is arranged for setting the allowable differential pressure corresponding to the coefficient of friction of a road surface, hydraulic pressure acquisition means acquires a lock hydraulic pressure, which is a hydraulic pressure when starting anti-lock brake control for the respective wheel brake, and when the lock hydraulic pressure of the wheel brakes for the front wheels acquired by the hydraulic pressure acquisition means is no greater than a predetermined value, application of the allowable differential pressure corresponding to the coefficient of friction of the road surface

Abstract: A tire separation warning system and method that includes a sensor that senses pressure of a tire and a receiver that calculates the amount of change in tire radius from the pressure of the tire received from the sensor. In addition, the receive estimates tire separation risk. A display warns a driver of the tire separation risk, when the tire separation risk is transmitted from the receiver.

Abstract: A method and device for operating a wheel slip control apparatus, including determining wheel speeds of wheels compensated with respect to wheel speed differences during a turn as input variables for the wheel slip control apparatus, with which a) a neutral steering, understeering or oversteering driving condition of the vehicle is determined from the driving behavior during a turn, b) depending on the determined condition of the vehicle, either the reference or actual yaw rate is used to calculate a turn radius related to a selected point on the vehicle, c) wheel-related turn radii for at least some wheels are determined from the turn radius related to the selected point, d) reference factors are determined from the wheel-related turn radii and a common reference turn radius for at least some wheels, and e) the compensated wheel speeds are each determined from the reference factors and measured wheel speeds for at least some wheels, and f) the compensated wheel speeds are used as input variables for a wheel

Abstract: A method for requesting emergency assistance for a vehicle involved in an accident. The method includes the following: storing vehicle operating conditions prior to the accident in a storage device; detecting the accident; after the accident, deactivating charging of a smartphone being charged on a wireless charging pad; transmitting to the smartphone the vehicle operating conditions stored prior to the accident; transmitting the vehicle operating conditions from the smartphone to emergency authorities; and calling the emergency authorities using the smartphone and initiating handsfree communication with the emergency authorities.

Abstract: A brake controlling unit detects a brake actuation object based on images captured by a running environment recognizing unit and sets a target brake pre-pressure actuation distance based on a relative speed between the brake actuation object and a subject vehicle. When an actual distance between the subject vehicle and the brake actuation object reaches the target brake pre-pressure actuation distance, the brake controlling unit outputs to a brake driving unit a driving signal that generates a brake pre-pressure to make the brake clearance of a brake minimal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a travel velocity compensation apparatus for railway vehicles and a method thereof for compensating a travel velocity when there is generated a slide between a wheel and a railway, the apparatus including a velocity measurement unit measuring a travel velocity of a railway vehicle, a velocity estimation unit estimating the travel velocity using travel information of railway vehicle and rail information received from at least one sensor, a detection unit generating wheel slide information by determining whether wheels of the railway vehicle slide, using the travel velocity of the railway vehicle measured by the velocity measurement unit and the travel velocity estimated by the velocity estimation unit, and a selection unit selecting, as a travel velocity, any one of the travel velocity measured by the velocity measurement unit using the wheel slide information generated by the detection unit and the travel velocity estimated by the velocity estimation unit.

Abstract: A method of operating a brake-assist-steering system of a vehicle comprises the steps of receiving a signal from a wheel position detector. A theoretical wheel speed for an inside non-steered wheel is computed. A brake operably associated with the inside non-steered wheel is actuated when an actual wheel speed of the inside non-steered wheel is greater than the theoretical wheel speed of the inside non-steered wheel.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a tire/runway friction property estimation method based on measured wheel speed, calculated acceleration, wheel reference and tire normal force estimation are disclosed. Based on the resulting estimations, a map and/or function of position for the friction properties may be formed and transmitted to external systems after an aircraft stop is completed.

Abstract: A braking force control device can control braking forces of the respective wheels of a vehicle, suppresses an increase of the braking force of a first wheel that is a wheel having a relatively large slip amount in a pair of right/left wheels and increases the braking force of a second wheel that is a wheel having a relatively small slip amount. The braking force control device may suppress the increase of the braking force of the first wheel before the friction coefficient of a road surface to the first wheel reaches a peak and when the friction coefficient is in the vicinity of the peak. It is preferable to suppress the increase of the braking force of the first wheel by holding the braking force of the first wheel.

Abstract: A braking control device, includes a regenerative braking control part, a wheel speed differential detection part, and a regenerative restriction part. The regenerative braking control part is configured to carrying out regenerative braking on the drive wheels based on a deceleration request operation. The wheel speed differential detection part is configured to determine a wheel speed differential between the driven wheel speed and the regenerative braking wheel speed. The regenerative restriction part is configured to restrict the regenerative braking amount when the wheel speed differential exceeds a restriction initiation threshold value. The regenerative restriction part, during restriction of the regenerative braking amount, is configured to repeatedly carrying out a restriction in accordance with a large restriction phase in which a decrease in gradient of the regenerative braking amount is large and a restriction in accordance with a small restriction phase in which the decrease in gradient is small.

Abstract: In accordance with the present inventive concept, there is provided a method for evaluating deceleration of a vehicle. The method comprises: measuring a deceleration of the vehicle during a first time interval, estimating a speed of the vehicle at a first time instant in a second time interval, which is different from the first time interval, based on the measured deceleration, measuring a speed of the vehicle at the first time instant, comparing the estimated speed to the measured speed, and generating a signal based on the comparison. There is also provided an apparatus for evaluating deceleration of a vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling the deceleration on the ground of a vehicle. The method obtains, from the crew of the vehicle or from an outside operator, parameters relating to its current position and its current speed. Then it determines a reference position and speed of the vehicle, the reference position being a theoretical position to be reached by the vehicle. Finally it determines, from indicated parameters and from reference parameters, a deceleration command with a view to ending up at a target position at a preselected speed.

Abstract: A method for controlling a vehicle, including determining a speed curve on a coasting route, in order to let the vehicle on the coasting route coast from an actual speed to a setpoint speed, detecting an additional vehicle approaching the vehicle from behind on the coasting route, and raising the speed of the vehicle compared to the determined speed behavior on the coasting route, in order to produce a predetermined threshold distance from the additional vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle brake system and a method of control. The vehicle brake system may include a friction brake and a secondary brake that may be applied to slow rotation of a vehicle wheel when a wheel slip condition is detected.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a mapping application that provides routing information to third-party applications on a device. The mapping application receives route data that includes first and second locations. Based on the route data, the mapping application provides a set of routing applications that provide navigation information. The mapping application receives a selection of a routing application in the set of routing applications. The mapping application passes the route data to the selected routing application in order for the routing application to provide navigation information.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a braking force application device that executes braking force holding control which holds braking force irrespective of braking operation by a driver during a stop on a slope; and a control limiting device that limits execution of the braking force holding control when a shift position is set in a neutral position.