Abstract: In an electronic device and a method of correcting time-domain reflectometers, two channels of a time-domain reflectometer are connected to a corrector using cables, and the two channels are enabled to transmit pulses. Parameters Step Deskew and Channel Deskew of the two channels are zeroed. Resistance values of the two channels are measured simultaneously, and the value of the parameter Step Deskew of one of the two channels is adjusted according to the Resistance values of the two channels. Times of achieving the same resistance value of the two channels are measured after the cables and the connector have been disconnected, and the value of the parameter Channel Deskew of one of the two channels is adjusted according to the times of achieving the same resistance value. The adjusted values of the parameters Step Deskew and Channel Deskew are displayed through a display unit.

Abstract: Methods and systems for matching critical dimension measurement applications at high precision across multiple optical metrology systems are presented. In one aspect, machine parameter values of a metrology system are calibrated based on critical dimension measurement data. In one further aspect, calibration of the machine parameter values is based on critical dimension measurement data collected by a target measurement system from a specimen with assigned critical dimension parameter values obtained from a reference measurement source. In another further aspect, the calibration of the machine parameter values of a target measurement system is based on measurement data without knowledge of critical dimension parameter values. In some examples, the measurement data includes critical dimension measurement data and thin film measurement data.

Abstract: A system and a method analyze fatigue damage of a bottom hole assembly (“BHA”), and more specifically, use a multi-scale approach for fatigue analysis of a BHA. Three length scales may be used in modeling of a BHA, namely the BHA scale, the component scale and the feature scale. Loading conditions for each collar/tool of the BHA may be determined, such as by use of a beam model, and may be applied to the finite element models for the collar/tool to determine the fatigue damage of each fatigue susceptible feature of each collar/tool. A cumulative fatigue damage of each critical feature may be determined, and the weakest component of the BHA may be identified. Prognostic and diagnostic implementation with well survey and drilling data may monitor fatigue damage of critical components of the BHA.

Abstract: A method for emulating and debugging a microcontroller is described. In one embodiment, an event thread is executed on an emulator that operates in lock-step with the microcontroller. Event information is sampled at selected points. Trace information is also recorded at the selected points. As such, the event information and trace information are effectively pre-filtered. Accordingly, it is not incumbent on a designer to read and understand the event and trace information and sort out the information that is of interest. Instead, this task is essentially done automatically, helping the designer and reducing the probability of error. Furthermore, because only selected event and trace information is recorded, the resources of the in-circuit emulator system are not taxed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for automating various preliminary and non-vehicle specific steps during a vehicle wheel alignment service procedure by automatically imparting a rolling movement to a supported vehicle and automatically rotationally driving a pair of vehicle steered wheels through a range of steering movement.

Abstract: An assembly tool is provided. The assembly tool comprises a body and a gripper mount slidably mounted to the body with a first actuator. The first actuator is configured to slide the gripper mount from a first position to a second position along an axis. The assembly tool also comprises a gripper assembly slidably mounted to the gripper mount with a second actuator. The second actuator is configured to facilitate displacement of the gripper assembly with respect to the gripper mount along the axis. The assembly tool also comprises an encoder configured to indicate a displacement distance between an expected position and an actual position of the gripper assembly with respect to the gripper mount along the axis when the gripper mount is in the second position.

Abstract: An embodiment is a method for de-embedding. The method comprises forming a primary structure in a semiconductor chip and forming an auxiliary structure in the semiconductor chip. The auxiliary structure replicates a first portion of the primary structure. The method further comprises determining a transmission matrix for each of the primary structure and the auxiliary structure based on measurements and extracting a transmission matrix of a first component of the primary structure by determining a product of the transmission matrix of the primary structure and an inverse of the transmission matrix of the auxiliary structure.

Abstract: A system calculates axial deformation of a turbine rotor. The system includes an input part that sets measurement points of rotor disks that constitute the turbine rotor; a deflection amount detection part that derives radial displacement amounts of the turbine rotor for at least four or more measurement points along an outer surface in a circumferential direction of the turbine rotor based on measured values measured by a displacement gage; a storage part that stores the radial displacement amounts and measured angles at the measurement points; and a calculation part that calculates misalignment data of a most probable circle of the turbine rotor based on data stored. The calculated circle is calculated from the displacement amount and the measured angles. The most probable circle is determined from the calculated circle, and the misalignment data of the most probable circle is calculated from the most probable circle.

Abstract: A system comprises a vibration sensor for generating a vibration signal on a turbomachine, a signal conditioner for conditioning the vibration signal, and a test signal generator for calibrating the signal conditioner. The test signal generator calibrates the signal conditioner with a test signal having a base frequency and a modulation frequency. The signal conditioner introduces a phase error into the vibration signal, and the signal conditioner introduces a phase shift into the test signal. A processor compensates for the phase error in the vibration signal by correcting the vibration signal based on the phase shift in the test signal, where the processor determines the phase shift in the test signal based on harmonic analysis of the modulation frequency.

Abstract: The present invention models dynamic behavior of flight vehicles for simulation, analysis, and design. The present invention allows a user to define the complexity of a flight vehicle model, and such models may be simple rigid body models, models of medium complexity, or very complex models including high order dynamics comprising hundreds of structural flexibility modes and variables related to aero-elasticity, fuel sloshing, various types of effectors, tail-wags-dog dynamics, complex actuator models, load-torque feedback, wind gusts, and other parameters impacting flight vehicles. The present invention accommodates and analyzes multiple vehicle and actuator concepts and configurations as defined in flight vehicle input data, which specifies flight vehicle parameters at a steady-state condition for modeling flight vehicle response to dynamic forces and flight control commands with respect to steady state operation.

Abstract: A sensor accuracy adjustment program for an analog angle sensor used in an AC servomotor control. A step (S3) of applying an adjustment value update processing to adjustment values in adjustment areas in an adjustment table depending on the result of the comparison of the value of a command rate with the value of the rate of an adjustment processing target by using the adjustment table in which changeable adjustment values used for adjustment calculation are arranged for each of the adjustment areas in which the range of a motor shaft rotation angle is divided for use as a unit of an adjustment processing, a step (S0) of applying the adjustment calculation to the target rate value by using the adjustment values after the update, and a step (S4) for judging the state in which the step (S4) is implemented in order to apply the step (S3) to all the adjustment areas of the adjustment table are functioned to the servo driver.

Abstract: An oscilloscope probe calibrating system for a single terminal probe and a differential probe includes an oscilloscope, a main branch module, a sub-branch module, and a resistor. The oscilloscope includes multiple inputs for receiving signals from the single terminal probe and the differential probe, an output for outputting an original calibration signal, and a display module displaying the waveforms of the original calibration signal and the signals from the single terminal probe and the differential probe. The main branch module converts the original calibration signals to a number of first calibration signals. The sub-branch module converts the first calibration signals to a number of second calibration signals. The sub-branch module includes a single terminal sub-branch module and a differential sub-branch module coupled to the main branch module. One end of the resistor is connected between the main branch module and the differential sub-branch module, and the other end is grounded.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring the thickness of a conductive layer on a substrate includes a support to hold a substrate having a conductive layer, an eddy current monitoring system including a first plurality of core portions, and a motor to cause relative motion between the support and the eddy current monitoring system such that the substrate moves across the first plurality of core portions in a direction that defines a first axis. At least one core portion is positioned further from a second axis than at least two other core portions. The second axis is orthogonal to the first axis.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and system for detecting an abnormal on-line analysis or laboratory measurement and for predicting an abnormal quality excursion due to an abnormal process condition.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a portion that moves along a guided path and a displacement gauge that outputs readings based on the portion's position on the guided path. The apparatus additionally includes an intermediate limit switch that is activated in response to the portion being moved to an intermediate position on the guided path. The apparatus also includes a processing device configured to calibrate the apparatus based on a first reading corresponding to a first position on the guided path and a second reading corresponding to a second position on the guided path. The processing device verifies the calibration based on a third reading corresponding to the intermediate position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed that guides a user through a sequence of steps that will allow the user to complete a predefined task using the flow meter. The steps include: selecting a predefined task, displaying a sequence of steps that directs the user through a process for using the Coriolis flow meter to complete the predefined task, and operating the Coriolis flow meter in response to the sequence of steps to complete the predefined task.

Abstract: An electronic circuit for correcting at least one digital measurement signal (??n, ??1, ??2) comprising at least one measurement channel having a sigma-delta modulator and a correction circuit. The sigma-delta modulator changes an analog measurement signal into a digital measurement signal in the form of a binary value sequence. The correction circuit corrects the digital measurement signal (??n, ??1, ??2) as a function of at least one correction datum (trim), wherein the correction circuit comprises at least one adding element and at least one multiplexer. The digital measurement signal is corrected in that the correction datum (trim) is weighted by means of the multiplexer and the adding element as a function of the digital measurement signal (??n, ??1, ??2).

Abstract: A system and method for updating a compensation value of a measurement machine provides a host computer to generate an authorization code document according to an ID input by a user and encrypts the authorization code document. A client computer decrypts the authorization code document, and obtains an authorization code, the input ID, and a valid date of the authorization code. If the input ID is the same as an ID of the measurement machine, and the authorization code has not expired, the compensation of the measurement machine can be updated by the client computer using the authorization code.

Abstract: To provide an attitude-angle detecting apparatus, which detects an attitude angle of a mobile object during movement with good accuracy by correcting an output value from an acceleration sensor, and to provide a method for the same. It is characterized in that it comprises an acceleration sensor for measuring an acceleration being applied to a mobile object, a yaw-rate sensor for measuring a yaw rate of the mobile object, a speed sensor for measuring a speed of the mobile object, a mobile-component acceleration calculating means for calculating an actual acceleration from the speed, calculating a centrifugal force from the yaw rate and the speed and calculating a mobile-component acceleration, a resultant force of the actual speed and the centrifugal force, and an attitude-angle calculating means for calculating an attitude angle from a gravitational acceleration, which is obtainable by correcting the acceleration with the mobile-component acceleration.

Abstract: A measurement instrument having a processor, a first sensor and a second sensor. The processor is adapted to output a measurement signal embodying a measurement of a physical quantity. The first sensor and second sensor are connected to the processor and are operable to generate respectively first and second measurements of the physical quantity. The processor defines a first measurement range within which the measurement signal is dependent on the first measurement and not the second measurement. The processor defines a second measurement range within which the measurement signal is dependent on the second measurement and not the first measurement. The first and second ranges meet at a predetermined transition. The first and second measurements are different at the transition and the measurement embodied in the measurement signal crosses the transition without an abrupt change.

Abstract: A system and a method of generating an external parameter value for a separately excited motor controller are disclosed, the system including: a digital signal processor to convert a received analog electrical signal into a digital signal and to scale the digital signal, so as to generate a parameter value in conformity with a data format of the system; an external parameter generating module to adjust the parameter value with a calibration coefficient to obtain the external parameter value; the calibration coefficient being generated by a calibration coefficient generating module and being pre-stored in a calibration coefficient storing module; and a calibration coefficient generating module to read the parameter value generated by the digital signal processor and obtain an actual measuring value as a reference parameter value, to calculate a difference value between the parameter value from the digital signal processor and the reference parameter value, and to generate the calibration coefficient from a rat

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the calibration of a position determination system of a rear axle steering actuator for a motor vehicle. The rear axle steering actuator has an actuator element which can be driven by a rotary movement of a rotor to a translation movement and whose geometrical center position is determined by a reference measurement. The position determination system includes a linear sensor and a rotary sensor. During calibration, a piece of calibration information is generated which includes a piece of zero point information of the linear sensor and a piece of sector information. The measurement range of the rotary sensor is divided into at least two sectors. The sector information identifies that angle at which the angular position of the rotor lies when the actuator element is arranged in its geometrical center position. The calibration information is stored in the linear sensor.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present invention are shown and described, each of which has stand alone utility in a navigated medical environment. A receiver position calibration system and method facilitates calibration of a reference frame prior to each navigated procedure. A concept and application of confidence weights is introduced. Confidence weights can be applied to distance calculations to mitigate the effects of interference and increase the tolerance of the navigated medical system. Multi-path interference is minimized through the transmission of a signal having a pattern of unique frequencies and filtering of the distance calculations for each frequency to identify the ‘best’ distance in the presence of multi-path interference. A position determination method and system that transmits a signal having multiple frequency components permits positions to be identified with high resolution over a large area.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for determining a calibration value indicating the extent of loss of calibration of a group of three or more sensors in a sensor network, the method involving receiving a plurality of data values captured over a period of time by each of the sensors, determining by a processing unit (404) at least one correlation value associated with each sensor, each correlation value corresponding to the correlation between the data values captured by the associated sensor and the data values captured by at least one other sensor; extracting by a high pass filter (410) a noise component of the correlation values and outputting the calibration value determined based on the difference between the noise component and a reference noise value.

Abstract: An earthworking machine having a working tool at the end of an articulated arm is automatically calibrated. The calibration method includes collecting angular position data relating to different articulated components, after a series of movements of the end of the working tool between reference points located in accordance with a given geometrical configuration. These data are derived by imprecisely positioned detectors on each articulated component and then sent to a machine calibration system that executes a calculation module of the calibration system to determine, by use of known input data, unknown parameters which, once determined, control a luminous indicator display which guides the machine operator in the horizontal and/or vertical movements for the depth of the tool.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and systems are disclosed for identifying force-ripple and/or side-forces in actuators used for moving a multiple-axis stage. The identified force-ripple and/or side-forces can be mapped, and maps of corresponding position-dependent compensation ratios useful for correcting same are obtained. The methods are especially useful for stages providing motion in at least one degree of freedom using multiple (redundant) actuators. In an exemplary method a stage member is displaced, using at least one selected actuator, multiple times over a set distance in the range of motion of the subject actuator(s). Each displacement has a predetermined trajectory and respective starting point in the range. For each displacement, respective section force-command(s) are extracted and normalized to a reference section force-command to define a section compensation-ratio.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing registration errors in a media handling device. The apparatus including an image-bearing member having sheets individually pass across the image-bearing member. Each sheet pass corresponds to one of a series of iterations between the image-bearing member and the sheets. The image-bearing member is operatively coupled to a controller for regulation motion of the image-bearing member. The controller receives input signals representing at least one measured disturbance. Each disturbance being defined by a pattern of image-bearing member movement away from and substantially returning to a reference state of motion. A repetition of the pattern being coincident with at least one of the iterations, wherein based on the measured disturbance, the reference state and an indication associated with when the pattern will repeat, a modified signal is generated for the actuator to adjust the image-bearing member motion in coordination with the indication.

Abstract: A measurement system has a transmitter for determining the position of a movable element, and a first energy store which, in the event of failure of an external electrical supply unit of the transmitter, supplies at least a part of the transmitter with electrical power such that a stored count of the transmitter is maintained in the event of failure of the external electrical supply voltage. The first energy store produces a first auxiliary supply voltage, wherein a first data item is stored in the transmitter when a reference mark of the transmitter is detected for the first time. The first data item is deleted in the event of failure of the external electrical supply voltage for the transmitter and failure of the first auxiliary supply voltage for the transmitter. As a result, an incorrectly determined position resulting from a failure of the electrical power supply for the transmitter can be identified.

Abstract: A method for controlling an opening leaf of a vehicle. The method detects whether a predetermined event is occurring in the absence of a predetermined situation likenable to a trapping incident and, if appropriate, lowers a function of detecting the situation likenable to a trapping incident.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is directed to a method for processing a position signal. The method includes receiving a first position signal from a capacitive sensor and determining a proximity of the capacitive sensor to a connection of an array of capacitive sensors. The sensitivity of the capacitive sensor is then adjusted and a second position signal is received from the capacitive sensor. The second position signal may then be reported. The present invention facilitates more accurate readings from an array of capacitive sensors.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method of controlling a device having a calibration process. The calibration process has a partial calibration routine and a calibration routine. A detector within the control system is capable of receiving one or more input signals and determining whether a partial calibration or calibration should occur. The first step in the process involves starting the control method where the detector receives input signals or generates it own data within the detector. The detector also determines whether a partial calibration routine or a calibration routine will take place based upon the value of the input signals received. A partial calibration routine will be performed if the input signals to the detector do not favor a calibration.

Abstract: A wafer handling mechanism is operated to place a wafer on a chuck. A chucking force is then applied to the wafer, whereby wafer support features of the chuck transfer a defect pattern onto a surface of the wafer. The surface of the wafer is analyzed by a defect metrology tool to obtain a mapping of the defect pattern transferred onto the surface of the wafer. A center coordinate of the chuck within a coordinate system of the wafer is determined by analyzing the defect pattern as transferred to the surface of the wafer. A spatial offset between the center coordinate of the chuck and the center of the wafer is determined. The spatial offset is used to adjust the wafer handling mechanism so as to enable alignment of the center of the wafer to the center coordinate of the chuck.

Abstract: An interior space of the at least one housing of a force-measuring device is filled with a gas composition that is distinguishable in at least one parameter from the ambient atmosphere. A sensor that is arranged in the interior space, or on the housing, measures this distinguishable parameter. A processing unit of the force-measuring device compares signals obtained from the sensor to monitor and determine the condition of the force-measuring device.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for optimizing a plurality of calibration maps for an algorithm of estimation of a control quantity of an internal combustion engine, each of the maps comprising a plurality of calibration values of said control quantity estimated by said algorithm. The optimization method comprises measuring the control quantity, estimating the control quantity, and individually optimizing each calibration map based on the measured control quantity and the estimated control quantity.

Abstract: An automated data library system employs a calibration sensor, the fiducial target and a controller in electrical communication with the calibration sensor to create a calibration sensor pixel image of a calibration area surrounding an expected location of the fiducial target within the automated data storage library by executing one or more vertical calibration sensor scans and/or one or more horizontal calibration sensor scans of the calibration area, and monitoring an output of the calibration sensor scans at defined position intervals. The expected location of the fiducial target can be on a data storage drive of the library or a storage shelf of the library. The controller can execute a debugging procedure, a diagnostic test and/or an error recovery procedure based on the calibration sensor pixel image.

Abstract: A stepper motor device uses compensating non-sinusoidal driving values to compensate for operational non-sinusoidal drive characteristics of a motor of the device due to at least design and manufacturing imperfections in the motor. The compensating non-sinusoidal driving values may be derived using back electromagnetic force produced from the motor or using measured rotational positions of the motor when the motor is driven using known driving values.

Abstract: A method and system for estimation of inertial sensor errors is provided. The method includes receiving first inertial output data from a master inertial measurement unit (IMU) mounted on a host platform, with the first inertial output data comprising a change in velocity (delta V) and a change in angle (delta theta), and receiving second inertial output data from a remote IMU mounted on the host platform at a predetermined fixed distance from the master IMU, with the second inertial output data comprising a delta V and a delta theta. The first inertial output data is compared with the second inertial output data to determine a difference between the delta V of the first inertial output data and the delta V of the second inertial output data, and to determine a difference between the delta theta of the first inertial output data and the delta theta of the second inertial output data. The determined differences are applied to estimate inertial sensor errors in the remote IMU.

Abstract: This improved method of calibrating wood testing machines includes improved test bars, shim and software to direct the operator through the steps of calibration, storing interim results and calculating new calibration factors based on values read when the test bars are placed in the wood testing machine. This method avoids a number of problems in previous methods and apparatus. It properly corrects for changes in deflection in the measurement apparatus and changes in straightness of the test bars. The result is a more stable and reliable calibration that is referenced to precise measurement of the EI product for the test bar.

Abstract: A method for compensating axial misalignment between wheel-mounted alignment sensors and an axis of rotation for an associated wheel. The method compensates sensors mounted to each wheel of a vehicle simultaneously, without requiring jacking of the vehicle wheels above a supporting surface, and which only requires wheel rotational movement over an arc of 60 degrees or less. The method utilizes measurements of a change in a wheel toe angle and measurements of a change in a wheel camber angle, during a measured rotational movement of the wheel, to identify sinusoidal variation in the respective toe and camber angles during the wheel's rotational movement, from which a measure of axial misalignment between the wheel-mounted alignment sensor axis of rotation and the wheel axis of rotation is identified.

Abstract: Fuselage sections of an aircraft are joined using splice elements that compensate for gaps caused by mismatches between mating surfaces on the fuselage sections. The fuselage sections are virtually assembled using computer models that are based on non-contact measurements of as-built fuselage sections. The virtually assembled fuselage sections are used to map the gaps between the mating surfaces. The mapped gaps are used to produce tool inserts having profiles that reflect the dimensions of the gaps. The tool inserts are used to manufacture splice elements having profiles that fill the gaps when the fuselage sections are assembled and joined, thereby eliminating the need for shims and spaces to fill the gaps.

Abstract: Measuring mechanical propulsive power includes establishing a first power and a second power. The first power is associated with a first rate of energy conversion by a device in a fluid, where the device is in the wake of a self-propelled conveyance moving with respect to the fluid. The average distance between the device and self-propelled conveyance may remain substantially unchanged. The second power is associated with a second rate of energy conversion by the device in the fluid without the self-propelled conveyance, where the other physical factors are substantially similar to that associated with the first power. The difference between the first power and the second power is calculated. The mechanical propulsive power for the self-propelled conveyance is determined using mappings, where a mapping associates the difference with the mechanical propulsive power.

Abstract: A method of improving damage detection in a structural health monitoring system includes obtaining a baseline set of signals corresponding to a range of values of an environmental effect variable for a plurality of first selected paths between pairs of a plurality of transducers configured in an array attached to a structure. Threshold levels are established for each of the selected paths for determining detection of damage in the structure based on differences in the baseline set of signals for the selected path. A current signal is acquired for each of the selected paths. The plurality of current signals are analyzed based on the threshold levels to detect damage in the structure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed that guides a user through a sequence of steps that will allow the user to complete a predefined task using the flow meter. The steps include: selecting a predefined task, displaying a sequence of steps that directs the user through a process for using the Coriolis flow meter to complete the predefined task, and operating the Coriolis flow meter in response to the sequence of steps to complete the predefined task.

Abstract: A method of analysing measured data from a system having multiple associated system variables, the method including the steps of: a) optimizing an error function relating the measured data to a predetermined number of the system variables to adjust the system variables; b) selecting a subset of the adjusted variables; and c) re-optimizing the error function by adjusting only the variables in the subset. A method of identifying likely contributors to an error caused in measured data from a system which has multiple associated system variables. A method of analysing measured engine service or test data form an engine having a plurality of associated system variables, includes the step of optimizing an error function which relates the measured data to a predetermined number of the system variables, by least-absolutes optimization wherein the error function is a sum of absolute variations.

Abstract: A device and method for calibrating swivel assemblies (21), particularly on cutting machines. Calibration of a tool on the machines mentioned above, portal robots, and the like, to the so-called Tool Center point (TCP) is done by a single movable measuring tip on the device, which has a direct operational connection of the tool, and a soft-ware-controlled measuring method for recording and repeatability of initial positions of a tool to be optimally adjusted. Determination of the TCP can be necessary after maintenance and repair work or after collisions on a machine tool or cutting machine. The device for calibrating swivel assemblies (21) includes a combination, as viewed from the frame (1), of three members, a first member (3), a second member (4), and a third member (5), displaceably connected among each other, with no play, to the frame (1) with no backlash by sliding joints (12, 13, 14) in all three axes of a Cartesian coordinate system.

Abstract: Method for measuring the shape of a workpiece includes a measuring sensor used to find measured values that represent the shape of a workpiece. The shape of the workpiece is determined by an iterative method using the measured values.

Abstract: The present invention relates to means, system and method for measurement of stress strain and fatigue forecasting by the means of Integral Strain Gauges (ISGs) capable of recording information from a surface of a tested object, mathematical processor for analysis of the information recorded on the surface of such gauges. Integral Strain Gauges produced from a custom made reaction sensitive materials.

Abstract: Described is a method and an output apparatus for inputting and outputting data from a first electronic device. The input and output apparatus is detachably mountable to the first electronic device and includes at least one storage unit, which stores data obtained by the first electronic device. Further discussed is an adjustment system which includes such an input and output apparatus and to the use of an input and output apparatus.

Abstract: A method for calibration of a digital celestial sensor is disclosed. First, an integrated mathematic model for imaging of a celestial sensor is established according to external and internal parameters of the calibration system of the celestial sensor. Second, by rotating two axes of a rotator by different angles, calibration points data are acquired and sent to a processing computer through an interface circuit. Finally, a two-step calibration program is implemented to calculate the calibration parameters by substituting calibration points' data to the integrated mathematic model. An application device of the calibration method is also provided. The device may include a celestial simulator to provide simulated sunlight or starlight, a two-axis rotator to acquire different calibration points' data, and a processing computer to record the calibration points' data and calculate the calibration parameters.

Abstract: A method of calculating a cornering force to be applied to each wheel provided to a vehicle which is cornering, comprising the steps of: obtaining a magnitude of a centrifugal force to the vehicle in a direction substantially orthogonal to a vehicle traveling direction, a contact length of each wheel during the cornering of the vehicle, and an amount of deformation in a wheel width direction at the contact portion of each wheel of the vehicle, calculating a difference between the obtained amount of the deformation and an amount of deformation in the wheel width direction under a straight forward travel condition of the vehicle for each wheel, and calculating a cornering force for each wheel based on the magnitude of the centrifugal force, the contact length, and the difference between amounts of deformation in the wheel width direction.