Abstract: A method for predicting printing density for use in a stencil printing in which an ink is transferred from a rotated printing drum to a printing sheet through a perforated stencil, by pressing the printing sheet and the printing drum against each other, is provided. The method comprises (a) a first step of measuring printing densities (OD) on at least two copies of print at corresponding printed portions thereof, the copies of print being obtained under different conditions of F/f, in which F is a pressing force at which the printing sheet is pressed to the drum and f is a rotation speed of the drum, (b) a second step of statistically processing the printing densities measured in the first step to obtain a function of printing density and F/f value, and (c) a third step of calculating a printing density at a desired pressing force and a desired rotation speed based on the function obtained in the second step.

Abstract: The present invention provides a two component system to obtain uniform density of compacted materials and track the compaction of the materials. The first component provides an automated, real-time compaction density meter and method of use to measure the density of the compacted material. The second component provides a Geographic Information System (GIS) for tracking compaction of a surface at specific locations. The two components of the present invention combined provide a system to measure the density of the compacted material and record the location of each density measurement. The components of the present invention can be utilized for many compaction operations, such as the roller compaction of concrete, pavement, soil, landfills, and asphalt pavements.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for in situ measuring thicknesses of ice buildup on airfoil. The method and device uses a probe including a radioactive .sup.241 Am gamma ray source producing 60 keV gamma ray photons which penetrate through the airfoil substrate and a photodetector mounted behind the source for detection of backscattered gamma rays. The probe is mounted on the interior of the airfoil and secondary radiation is backscattered within the ice layer and back through the airfoil substrate to the photodetector. The shape and density of the source holder in addition to the geometrical arrangement of the source and detector with respect to the airfoil substrate are used to block a substantial fraction of gamma rays backscattered in the airfoil substrate thereby favoring scattering in the ice layer over that in the airfoil material.