Abstract: There is provided a method and apparatus for accelerated in-situ prediction and dynamic visualization of characteristics of a porous medium, including an input source for inputting data from computer-aided simulations and real-time core flooding experiments, an embedded hardware unit comprising of a processor running a prediction model with inferences of porous medium samples, and a human-machine interface comprising a display unit for displaying the estimated plurality of characteristics of the porous medium and an input unit for accepting commands from a user. The input source is in real-time communication with the embedded hardware unit and the display unit and the apparatus reduces a total analysis time taken for characterizing the porous medium. Further, the porous medium is a rock sample and the plurality of properties of the porous medium comprises the relative permeability (Kr) and capillary pressure (Pc) characteristics of the porous medium.

Abstract: A prediction method for changes of physical parameters after earthquakes includes: obtaining a precipitable water vapor after an earthquake in a target monitoring area during a historical period; verifying the accuracy of the precipitable water vapor collected in the historical period; obtaining thermal anomaly data of the land surface temperature after the earthquake in the target monitoring area during the historical period; determining a time difference between peak of the precipitable water vapor and peak of the thermal anomaly of the land surface temperature; when the earthquake occurs again in the target monitoring area, detecting a time point corresponding to the peak of the thermal anomaly of the land surface temperature in the target monitoring area, adding the time point to the time difference to obtain a predicted time point of the peak of precipitable water vapor, and outputting the predicted time point as a time point of secondary disaster.

Abstract: A method for creating a field development plan, comprising initializing, by a specially programmed computing system, a connectivity model, calibrating, by a specially programmed computing system, the connectivity model based on a plurality of reservoir simulation results, determining, by a specially programmed computing system, a travel time between wells and reservoir cells using a fast marching method, determining, by the specially programmed computing system, a hydrocarbon saturation based on the travel time to construct a model prediction, optimizing, by the specially programmed computing system, the connectivity model using a global optimization and a local optimization, and constructing, by the specially programmed computing system, at least one well file using the optimized connectivity model.

Abstract: In one aspect, a system for determining soil clod size or soil surface residue coverage of a field may include an agricultural implement configured to perform a non-soil-working operation on the field as the agricultural implement is towed across the field. Furthermore, the system may include a non-contact-based sensor installed on the agricultural implement, with the non-contact-based sensor configured to capture data indicative of at least one of a soil clod size of the field or a soil surface residue coverage of the field. Additionally, a controller of the disclosed system may be configured to receive data from the non-contact-based sensor as the agricultural implement is moved across the field. Moreover, the controller may be configured to determine at least one of the soil clod size of the field or the soil surface residue coverage of the field based on the received data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are system, apparatus, article of manufacture, method and/or computer program product embodiments, and/or combinations and sub-combinations thereof, for using direction-angles to identify geologic features and geologic attributes for use in geothermal, oil and gas, mining, and other applications. An example embodiment operates by receiving a discrete three-dimensional (3D) representation of a geologic volume comprising a set of 3D orientations, where each 3D orientation is represented as a set of direction-angles measured relative to a set of coordinate axes. The example embodiment further operates by receiving a set of other measurements of properties of the geologic volume. In response, the example embodiment operates by correlating the set of 3D orientations with the set of other measurements to generate a geologic correlation data structure.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for training a machine-learned model using satellite imagery and physical river gauge data as ground-truth information. Methods include receiving, from a user in a graphical user interface presented on a user device, a depth request for depth information at a geolocation. At least two satellite images are received, including the geolocation where a difference in respective capture times of each of the satellite images is within a threshold. The satellite images for the geolocation are provided to a machine-learned river gauge model. The machine-learned river gauge model determines depth information for the geolocation utilizing the satellite images, and provides, to the user in the graphical user interface, the depth information at the geolocation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a leak monitoring system and associated method which is being configured to detect plumes of volatile organic compounds (VOC) as an alternative solution to the EPA Method 21, which measures VOC concentrations at the surface of each component. The leak monitoring system is a multi-layered system that includes monitoring performed by sensors that are fixed in place and sensors that are mobile. Each monitoring method is a layer and it complements and augments other layers. All the sensors wirelessly communicate with a central control through a gateway. The control unit further includes a software platform, which analyzes the data provided by the sensors in combination with other informetrics such as meteorological conditions and plant info to both identify the presence of a gas leak and to pinpoint a general location of the gas leak.

Abstract: The present invention provides a computerized system for mapping an orchard, and a method for producing precise map and database with high resolution and accuracy of all trees in an orchard.

Abstract: In an approach for identifying a crop using satellite observation data and crop rotation data, a processor receives an aerial image of one or more agricultural fields in a pre-determined geographical region from an optical satellite. A processor selects a plurality of points from the aerial image. A processor clips the aerial image into one or more smaller images to generate one or more observed signatures. A processor determines there is a change in a spatial distribution of one or more crops. A processor generates an actual signature from the one or more observed signatures. A processor cross-correlates the actual signature against a plurality of historical reference signatures to determine a degree of similarity. A processor ranks one or more results of the cross-correlation. A processor identifies the one or more crops. A processor calculates a first estimate of an amount of the one or more crops.

Abstract: A method for training a backpropagation-enabled segmentation process is used for identifying an occurrence of a sub-surface feature. A multi-dimensional seismic data set with an input dimension of at least two is inputted into a backpropagation-enabled process. A prediction of the occurrence of the subsurface feature has a prediction dimension of at least 1 and is at least 1 dimension less than the input dimension.

Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments, systems, methods, and media for processing and representing multivariate sensor information gathered from multiple sources are provided. In some embodiments, the method comprises: receiving a data sequences from respective sources; identifying a shortest data sequence that corresponds to a first interval; calculating, for pairs of data sequences, a similarity value over the first interval; forming a first segment of a representative data sequence that is a weighted combination of the data sequences over the first interval based on similarity values associated with the data sequences; truncating at least a subset of data sequences to exclude elements corresponding to the first interval; identifying a shortest data sequence corresponding to a second interval; forming a second segment of the representative data sequence based on similarity values associated with the data sequences; and concatenating the first segment and the second segment of the representative data sequence.

Abstract: A liquefaction evaluation model generation device includes a data acquisition unit configured to acquire training data in which learning vibration data indicating a physical quantity associated with vibrations observed in the ground is defined as a question and learning liquefaction data indicating the degree of liquefaction occurring in the ground where the vibrations associated with the learning vibration data have been observed is defined as an answer, and a machine learning execution unit configured to execute machine learning using the training data and generate a liquefaction evaluation model that is a machine learning model.

Abstract: A surveying apparatus comprising a controller (CPU), the controller (CPU) being configured to: receive an image stream representing a video sequence; determine a camera pose for a second image in the image stream relative a first image in the image stream; match the first image with the second image, based on the cam-era pose; and generate a three dimensional model based on the image match.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are various devices, systems, and methods for use in agricultural, particularly for use in harvesting agricultural crop such as corn. Various implementations relate to methods and devices for measuring plant stalk cross-sectional area during harvest and providing additional methods of predicting and displaying yield on a row-by-row level in real time.

Abstract: A device may receive a master data set for a first spectroscopic model; receive a target data set for a target population associated with the first spectroscopic model to update the first spectroscopic model; generate a training data set that includes the master data set and first data from the target data set; generate a validation data set that includes second data from the target data set and not the master data set; generate, using cross-validation and using the training data set and the validation data set, a second spectroscopic model that is an update of the first spectroscopic model; and provide the second spectroscopic model.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, systems, and computer-readable medium to perform operations including: receiving seismic data acquired by at least one receiver of a geologic survey system configured to perform a geologic survey of a subterranean formation, wherein the seismic data is associated with reflected acoustic signals generated by at least one source of the geologic survey system; calculating a ground force signal by stacking the acoustic signals generated by the least one source; calculating, using the ground force signal, a time and depth variant quality factor (Q) of the subterranean formation; and compensating, based on the time and depth variant Q, attenuation in the seismic data.

Abstract: A system and method for predicting, forecasting and suggesting voyage plans for a vessel by considering design parameters, weather in sailing routes and a user's preference for best weather or best economy or fastest way to reach the destination. Voyage plans are optimized using the above parameters, and directions are continuously provided in the form of heading and speeds to be maintained by the vessel during the course of the voyage.

Abstract: A prediction method for coal and gas outburst based on comparing borehole gas flow curves includes the following steps: constructing a seam-crossing borehole in the coal seam, measuring or calculating gas flow corresponding to critical gas pressure P, which is a reference gas flow Q(t)reference; performing linear regression on the reference gas flow Q(t)reference to form a reference flow curve; constructing a predicted seam-crossing borehole in a predicted area, and directly testing a gas flow at each time t in a delayed manner, which is a predicted gas flow Q(t)prediction; performing linear regression on the predicted gas flow Q(t)prediction to form a predicted flow curve; and judging whether the predicted flow curve is above the reference flow curve or whether the predicted flow curve intersects with the reference flow curve, and judging whether the coal seam in the predicted area has a risk of coal and gas outburst.

Abstract: A method may include obtaining geological data and seismic data regarding a geological region of interest, wherein the geological data includes grain size data. The method may further include determining a first set of sedimentary pathways using the grain size data. The method may further include determining a topographical surface for the geological region of interest using the seismic data or/and well data. The method may further include determining, by the computer processor, a second set of sedimentary pathways using the topographical surface. The method may further include generating various output sedimentary pathways based on a combination of the first set of sedimentary pathways and the second set of sedimentary pathways.

Abstract: A communication application may include a request-response mechanism, which may enable real-time interaction between multiple users executing multiple tasks at multiple locations. Using the communication application, a first user may generate a digital ticket for the tasks, which may be shared with a second user. A response associated with the digital ticket by the second user may occur in a particular structured format within the communication application. The response may include location information of the second user and status of machines executing the tasks. The communication application may bring every user action and response data associated with the tasks into one unique digital board associated with the communication application. The digital board may create and implement a collaborative network and successfully orchestrate value-exchanging interactions among the users in the data sharing ecosystem.

Abstract: There is provided a system for customized application of herbicides, comprising: a processor(s) executing a code for: feeding test images corresponding to a target agricultural field into a machine learning model trained on a training dataset of sample images of sample agricultural field(s) labelled with ground truth of weed parameters, selecting specific weed parameter(s) of according to performance metric(s) of the model, setting up instructions for triggering application of a first herbicide to a portion of the target agricultural field in response to an outcome of the model indicating likelihood of the specific weed parameter(s) being depicted in an input image of the portion of the target agricultural field, and setting up instructions for triggering application of a second herbicide to the portion of the target agricultural field in response to the outcome of the model indicating non-likelihood of the specific weed parameter(s) being depicted in the input image.

Abstract: A water supply simulation method for interlaced system of river and canal system based on groundwater model, includes: S1. constructing simulated water conveyance channel based on first data, and performing attribute definition on water conveyance channels; S2. acquiring initial seepage, evaporation and discharge; S3. performing reverse water demand calculation; S4. performing sequential water supply simulation; S5. acquiring corresponding water head, obtaining current seepage, evaporation, discharge, head-end water demand and water consumption demand of each water conveyance channel based on water head; S6. judging whether current iteration is converged according to water head, if yes, proceeding to S7, otherwise returning to S3 after update; S7. judging whether there is next time period, if yes, returning to S3 after update, otherwise proceeding to S8; and S8. judging whether there is a next stress period, if yes, returning to S3 after update, otherwise outputting the result obtained in S5, and ending.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of soil analysis, in particular the technical analysis of agricultural or horticultural soils. In particular, the invention relates to a sensor device for in situ soil analysis, to a method for in situ soil analysis, and to a device set up for carrying out the soil analysis method, wherein said device, together and in interaction with one or more of said sensor devices, represents a system for in situ soil analysis. The sensor device has a sensor assembly comprising one or more sensors which are configured individually or cumulatively for the simultaneous in situ measurement of at least two of the following soil properties of a soil to be analyzed and for providing corresponding respective measurement data: (a) impedance spectrum, (b) temperature, (c) absorption spectrum NIR-VIS-UV in a spectral range from NIR (near infrared spectral range) to UV (ultraviolet spectral range), and (d) acidic or basic character, in particular pH value.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an agricultural intelligence computing system stores a digital model of crop growth, the digital model of crop growth being configured to compute nutrient requirements in soil to produce particular yield values based, at least in part, on data unique to an agricultural field. The system receives agronomic field data for a particular agronomic field, the agronomic field data comprising one or more input parameters for each of a plurality of locations on the agronomic field, nutrient application values for each of the plurality of locations, and measured yield values for each of the plurality of locations. The system computes, for each location of the plurality of locations, a required nutrient value indicating a required amount of nutrient to produce the measured yield values. The system identifies a subset of the plurality of locations where the computed required nutrient value is greater than the nutrient application value.

Abstract: A process for drilling a well into a subsurface formation includes receiving data representing depth maps for a given subsurface region, each depth map being generated from seismic data acquired in a seismic survey at a subsurface region. The process includes determining, for depth maps of the plurality, respective weight values; generating data representing a combination of the depth maps based on the respective weight values; generating a cumulative distribution function (CDF) for a particular location in the subsurface region based on the data representing a combination of the depth maps; determining, based on the CDF for that particular location, a probability value representing a depth at which a geological layer occurs in the subsurface region at the particular location; and drilling the well into the subsurface formation at the particular location to a target depth based on the probability value.

Abstract: A three-dimensional map generation system generates three-dimensional map information using measured data acquired by a measuring vehicle which moves within a measurement area. A generation unit regards a data lacking area which is acquired from the measurement area based on first measured data transmitted from the measuring vehicle and which lacks measured data for generating a three-dimensional map, as a defective area, and generates interpolation data for interpolating three-dimensional map information of the defective area.

Abstract: A system for implementing a trial in one or more fields is provided. In an embodiment, a agricultural intelligence computing system receives field data for a plurality of agricultural fields. Based, at least in part, on the field data for the plurality of agricultural fields, the agricultural intelligence computing system identifies one or more target agricultural fields. The agricultural intelligence computing system sends, to a field manager computing device associated with the one or more target agricultural fields, a trial participation request. The server receives data indicating acceptance of the trial participation request from the field manager computing device. The server determines one or more locations on the one or more target agricultural fields for implementing a trial and sends data identifying the one or more locations to the field manager computing device.

Abstract: A method of predicting crop yield includes generating, via a processor, a plurality of vectors representative of growing conditions for a current time period and a plurality of vectors representative of growing conditions for a previous time period. The processor compares the plurality of vectors for the current time to the vectors of the previous time periods for corresponding growing conditions and determines which previous vectors are closest to the current vectors. The plurality of previous time periods are each associated with crop yields. Thus, the processor can determine a crop yield for the current time period for a selected crop producing field and crop type based on crop yields for the closest previous time periods.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isotopic identification method making it possible, where appropriate, to link a livestock animal or animal product to a specific farm, or a plant or a plant product to a farm, by analyzing the concentration of ratios or stable isotopes, and comparing with isotopic codes previously generated in a unique fashion for a set of frames. The invention also relates to a method which makes it possible to impose a unique code on the animals of a farm or on the plants of a farm, a computer making it possible to store the unique codes generated in memory, to generate unique codes for new farms and to perform comparisons.

Abstract: A network for providing high speed data communications may include multiple terrestrial transmission stations that are located within overlapping communications range and a mobile receiver station. The terrestrial transmission stations provide a continuous and uninterrupted high speed data communications link with the mobile receiver station employing a wireless radio access network protocol.

Abstract: An ocean current measurement method, includes: acquiring three-dimensional coordinates measured by four GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) positioning modules on the surface drifting buoy and attitude data of the surface drifting buoy measured by an attitude sensor; correcting the three-dimensional coordinates measured by the four GNSS positioning modules based on the attitude data; optimizing the corrected three-dimensional coordinates of the four GNSS positioning modules according to the mounting positions; converting the optimized three-dimensional coordinates of the four GNSS positioning modules into latitude and longitude coordinates; and calculating coordinates of the surface drifting buoy, an instantaneous flow velocity and flow direction of ocean current and sea surface elevation through the latitude and longitude coordinates of the four GNSS positioning modules.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for providing a stable topological representation of pathway networks as well as features associated with these networks. The disclosure is exemplified using road networks which have applications in mapping, navigation, and autonomous vehicles. Extensions may be learned through practice of the disclosure. Utilizing implementations disclosed herein may provide advantages for data conflation between different mapping systems and map data while improving overall stability by developing a common reference standard that is tied to semantic features rather than abstract geographic representations.

Abstract: A method for correcting data sensed by a sensor includes: acquiring the data sensed by the sensor; establishing a surface equation based on an acquired data to performing surface fitting; and correcting the data sensed by the sensor with the surface equation. The method further includes: evaluating the acquired data sensed by the sensor to update fitting parameters of the surface equation so as to obtain an updated surface equation; and correcting the data sensed by the sensor with the updated surface equation. Parameter data sensed by the sensor can be corrected in real time, which reduces the influence of environmental factors on the parameter data sensed by the sensor and improves the accuracy of the data sensed by the sensor.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a system and method are provided comprising a vegetation management module to receive image data from an image source; a memory for storing program instructions; a vegetation management processor, coupled to the memory, and in communication with the vegetation module, and operative to execute program instructions to: receive first image data and second image data for an area of interest; overlay the first image data over the second image data to generate an overlaid image; receive feeder attribute data for at least one feeder in the overlaid image; generate a risk score for the at least one feeder based in part on the received feeder attribute data; and generate a visualization based on the at least one feeder and the generated risk score. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for evaluating an earth formation for generating a numerical model comprising an expression equating a representation for the effective conductivity under Archie's law with respect to direct current with a function for the effective conductivity representative of the mixing model with respect to direct current; and solving a system of equations to obtain values for the Archie parameters including at least i) the expression; ii) a second expression equating a first order variation of the representation with a first order variation of the function with respect to water saturation of the formation (Sw); and iii) a third expression equating a first order variation of the representation with a first order variation of the function with respect to porosity of the formation (?). The second and third expressions may equate derivatives of the representation with derivatives of the function.

Abstract: A method for determining a four-dimensional ionosphere model of an electron distribution in the Earth's atmosphere is disclosed, which is used to correct runtime measurements of signals emitted by satellites, for position determinations by means of signal receivers.

Abstract: A communication system uses skywave propagation to transmit data between communication nodes over a data transmission path. An atmospheric sensor is configured to collect atmospheric data at the reflection point of the data transmission path where the transmission path is redirected from the atmosphere toward the surface of the Earth. Data collected by the atmospheric sensor may be used to predict future ionospheric conditions and determine optimum working frequencies for transmission of data between the communication nodes.

Abstract: Methods are provided for automatically performing atmospheric compensation of a multi or hyper spectral image. One method comprises transforming at least two endmembers extracted from an image into at-ground reflectance. The transformation may be approximate and/or only in certain spectral bands in order to reduce processing time. A matching component is then located in a spectral library for each of the at least two extracted endmembers. Gain and offset values are then calculated using the at least two matched extracted endmember and spectral library component pairs. At least part of the image is then compensated using the calculated gain and offset values. Another method uses at least one endmember extracted from the image and a black level. Methods for atmospheric compensation using water vapor content of pixels are also provided. In addition, methods for shadow correction of hyper and multi spectral images are provided.

Abstract: The document relates to a sensor arrangement for underwater detection of a leak in fluid carrying body, comprising a sensor support structure mountable to a carrier for enabling the sensor support structure to be suitably positioned or moved. A plurality of thermal sensors is distributed on the sensor support structure forming a sensor array. The sensors are provided by optical fibers connectable to an interrogator via optical signal connectors. Each fiber comprises intrinsic fiber optic sensors at respective locations within the fiber, forming the thermal sensors. The fibers are arranged on the support structure such that the intrinsic fiber optic sensors is distributed across the support structure to span a detection area. The document further relates to a method of performing leak detection as well as for discovering natural occurring leaks (sources).

Abstract: A vehicle includes: a battery pack including a plurality of battery cells connected in parallel; and a controller configured to distribute a current load having a magnitude proportional to a state of health (SOH) of each of the plurality of battery cells to each of the plurality of battery cells, and to control the charging and discharging of each of the plurality of battery cells according to the magnitude of the distributed current load.

Abstract: A method including obtaining, for a subterranean region, a set of sedimentary pathways, a sediment attribute map, and an area of interest. From these inputs, a sedimentary fairway, and a sedimentary fairway attribute based on the location of the origin point of each member of the set of sedimentary pathways, and a spatial location of the terminal point of each member of the set of sedimentary pathways are determined. Further, the method includes dividing the sedimentary fairway into one or more sedimentary pathway domains and a sediment attribute profile for each sedimentary pathway domain based on a trajectory of each sedimentary pathway, and determining an intersection of the trajectory of each sedimentary pathway with one or more boundaries of the area of interest.

Abstract: A method for determining properties of a laminated formation traversed by a well or wellbore employs measured sonic data, resistivity data, and density data for an interval-of-interest within the well or wellbore. A formation model that describe properties of the laminated formation at the interval-of-interest is derived from the measured sonic data, resistivity data, and density data for the interval-of-interest. The formation model represents the laminated formation at the interval-of-interest as first and second zones of different first and second rock types. The formation model is used to derive simulated sonic data, resistivity data, and density data for the interval-of-interest. The measured sonic data, resistivity data, and density data for the interval-of-interest and the simulated sonic data, resistivity data, and density data for the interval-of-interest are used to refine the formation model and determine properties of the formation at the interval-of-interest.

Abstract: A method and system of maintaining a trained neural network for mobile device indoor navigation and positioning. The method comprises receiving a set of magnetic measured parameters acquired at a mobile device positioned at a first location of an indoor area; computing, at an output layer of a trained neural network, an output error based on comparing a magnetic input feature in accordance with the magnetic measured parameters to a magnetic output feature generated at the output layer, the magnetic output feature being generated at least in part based on a matrix of weights associated with at least a first neural network layer; and if the output error exceeds a threshold value, re-training the neural network based at least in part upon re-initializing the matrix of weights associated with the at least a first neural network layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a comprehensive monitoring and data mining system and method for algae bloom of lake, wherein, the method comprises acquiring monitoring indicator data related to algae bloom of lake by three ways, i.e., remote sensing monitoring, automatic monitoring and manual surveying, and transmitting the acquired data to a data center by Internet; performing data backup and data preprocessing of the received data in the data center, including temporal interpolation, spatial interpolation and outlier determination and processing; transmitting the preprocessed data to a database for storage; performing computation of 3D numerical model of lake according to the data source stored in the database, assessing the risk of algae bloom of the lake to be monitored according to the simulation data of the numerical model, and displaying predictive warning information on algae bloom of the lake on a public platform.

Abstract: Measurement approaches and data analysis methods are disclosed for combining 3D topographic data with spatially-registered gas concentration data to increase the efficiency of gas monitoring and leak detection tasks. Here, the metric for efficiency is defined as reducing the measurement time required to achieve the detection, or non-detection, of a gas leak with a desired confidence level. Methods are presented for localizing and quantifying detected gas leaks. Particular attention is paid to the combination of 3D spatial data with path-integrated gas concentration measurements acquired using remote gas sensing technologies, as this data can be used to determine the path-averaged gas concentration between the sensor and points in the measurement scene.

Abstract: There is provided a system for customized application of herbicides, comprising: a processor(s) executing a code for: feeding test images corresponding to a target agricultural field into a machine learning model trained on a training dataset of sample images of sample agricultural field(s) labelled with ground truth of weed parameters, selecting specific weed parameter(s) of according to performance metric(s) of the model, setting up instructions for triggering application of a first herbicide to a portion of the target agricultural field in response to an outcome of the model indicating likelihood of the specific weed parameter(s) being depicted in an input image of the portion of the target agricultural field, and setting up instructions for triggering application of a second herbicide to the portion of the target agricultural field in response to the outcome of the model indicating non-likelihood of the specific weed parameter(s) being depicted in the input image.

Abstract: A method was invented to convert methane concentration at the surfaces emitting fugitive methane into methane emission rate. This method requires surface scan of methane concentration using handled devices such as flame ionization detector (FID) to measure the fugitive methane near-surface concentration based on which, the methane emission rate can be calculated using a correlation expressed in a mathematical form.

Abstract: An experimental method and system for simulating the evolution of reservoir fracture stress field, the experimental method comprises the following steps: (S1) preparing horizontal well fracturing model (100); (S2) applying boundary loads and constraints to the horizontal well fracturing model (100); (S3) injecting fracturing fluid or fracturing gas into a fracturing wellbore (130) of the horizontal well fracturing model (100) after loading for fracturing; in a fracturing stage, a photoelastic fringe image of the horizontal well fracturing model (100) is obtained by an optical phase shift method; the fracturing stage comprises an initial state before fracturing fluid or fracturing gas is injected and an end state after fracturing is completed. The experimental method and system can effectively simulate the whole process of horizontal well fracturing, and accurately obtain the variation law of reservoir stress field and its influence on crack propagation during horizontal well fracturing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, an electronic device and a computer program product for file management. The method includes: generating an extended list based on a path list associated with predetermined files, the extended list comprising a set of paths in the path list that are at least partly the same from a root directory; generating an identifier indicating the extended list; and updating the path list based on the identifier. In this way, the embodiments of the present disclosure accomplish optimization of a path list by creating an extended list, to reduce a number of searching performed based on the path list and thus improve the efficiency of searching a file.

Abstract: An indoor gardening appliance includes a liner defining a grow chamber and a grow module mounted within the grow chamber for receiving a plurality of plant pods. The grow module defines a root chamber and a plurality of apertures for positioning a root end of the plant pod in the root chamber. A resonator may be positioned on each plant pod or at each of the plurality of apertures for generating a unique sound signature when a specific plant pod is inserted into a specific aperture. A detection device, such as a microphone, measures the sound waves generated by the resonator and a controller determines a location and/or a type of the plant pod based on the unique sound signature.