Abstract: Signal processing is performed using a built-in memory. An imaging apparatus includes: a pixel array unit that includes a plurality of pixels performing photoelectric conversion; a converter that converts an analog pixel signal output from the pixel array unit into digital image data; an image processing unit that performs image processing on the digital image data; and a storage unit that includes a plurality of regions for which a power distribution state is able to be selectively designated, and stores at least the digital image data output by the image processing unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the physicochemical properties of a nanoscale system (NSS) using analytical ultracentrifugation), comprising the steps of generating a multi-dimensional sedimentation analysis map associated with the NSS of interest; selecting sample-dependent parameters; determining sedimentation coefficient value/parameter in the sample; inserting sample sedimentation coefficient values onto the multi-dimensional sedimentation analysis map to obtain a NSS sample map value; and inferring from the NSS sample map value the physicochemical properties of the NSS sample. Furthermore, the invention relates to a system for performing the method, a computer program product and a computer readable storage medium.

Abstract: An airborne or liquid particle sensor with integrated bootloader. A particle sensor incorporating at least one bootloader for programming or retrieval of program or data in local memory.

Abstract: Techniques to facilitate synchronization of industrial assets in an industrial automation environment are disclosed herein. In at least one implementation, a computing system receives time-series industrial process data associated with a plurality of process subsystems of an industrial automation process. The time-series industrial process data is fed into a machine learning model associated with the industrial automation process to dynamically generate a process duration prediction for a first one of the process subsystems and responsively determine an updated set point for a second one of the process subsystems based on the process duration prediction for the first one of the process subsystems. The updated set point for the second one of the process subsystems is provided to an industrial controller associated with the second one of the process subsystems.

Abstract: A method and system for classification of cells and particles in a biological sample using an automated image-based feature extraction and classification architecture. A method operates by applying a mask or series of masks to an image, extracting features from the unmasked portions of the image based on the content and location of colored pixels, selecting a subset of the extracted features, and mapping the subset of the extracted features into a classifier architecture. In a majority of cases, the first level model architecture provides an accurate identification of the cell or particle. In a minority of cases, the classification of the cell or particle requires a second level step requiring the use of numerical or categorical values from the first level in combination with a second level model.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for collecting distributed information regarding air quality and air management system performance, and providing recommendations for affecting the air quality, the air management system, or individuals subject to or in control of either the air quality or the air management system.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer readable media for data analysis and inference of particle diffusion in mucus barriers and generic permeable biomaterials are disclosed. According to one aspect, the subject matter described herein includes a method for data analysis and inference of particle diffusion in target materials, such as mucus barriers, or their simulants. The method includes collecting experimental data of observed particle movement through samples of a target material or simulant (“the target”), analyzing the collected data to determine the stochastic diffusive process that is being observed for particular particles in the particular sample, using one or more of the observed stochastic diffusive processes to simulate the diffusion of particles through layers of the target of various thicknesses, using the simulation results to determine how passage time scales according to thickness of the target, and verifying the simulation results.

Abstract: Provided is a thin film type actuator having multi-operation points, capable of various feels of touch or sounds. The film type actuator includes an upper plate and a lower plate, formed of a single plate. Between the upper plate and the lower plate, pairs of electrode parts capable of attracting one another via an electrostatic force. Since each of the pairs of electrode parts functions as an operation point and the upper plate and the lower plate are formed of the single plate, movements of the respective operation points in such a way that a new physical movement different from an original individual movement is generated to generate a haptic feel or a sound. It is possible to generate various haptic feels or sounds by modulating and combining amplitudes and frequencies of the respective operation points.

Abstract: A method for determining a size or shape related parameter of an effective observation volume for an observation technique for particles undergoing at least partially stochastic motion in a dispersion is based on a time-series of observations. The method involves determining one or more time-dependent characteristics of the dispersion or its particles based on the time-series of observations, determining at least one stochastic motion-related parameter representative for the at least partially stochastic motion of at least one particle in the dispersion, and determining a size or shape related parameter of the effective observation volume by modeling of the at least partially stochastic motion of the particle movement in the dispersion, the modeling taking into account the at least one stochastic motion-related parameter and the determined one or more characteristics.

Abstract: A method for measuring surface property parameters of a material comprises: performing saturation processing on a surface of a material; mixing the material which has been processed by saturation with an indicating electrolyte solution; after the mixture solution achieves an balance by ion exchange, measuring the balanced concentration values of positive ions of the indicating electrolyte and H+ in the mixture solution; according to the balanced concentration values of positive ions of the indicating electrolyte, calculating surface potential of the material; and according to the surface potential of the material, calculating specific surface area and surface charge density of the material; according to surface charge density of the material, calculating surface electric field intensity; according to surface charge density and specific surface area of the material, calculating total surface charge of the material. A system for measuring surface property parameters of a material can be based on the method.

Abstract: Provided are a particle measurement apparatus having a plurality of apertures arranged in series therein, and a particle measurement method using the same to statistically analyze multiple signals generated when a particle passes through the plurality of apertures, thus acquiring more accurate information on particles. The particle measurement apparatus includes a plurality of aperture members arranged in series, a plurality of electrodes to form an electric field within the plurality of aperture members, and an analyzer for statistically analyzing multiple electrical signals generated when a particle passes through the plurality of aperture members.

Abstract: In a method for determining charge and/or size of an object (15) suspended in a fluid, the object (15) is introduced, together with the fluid, into an electrostatic trap (1) defining an electrostatic confining potential. The thermal motion of the object (15) in the fluid is observed under influence of the confining potential, and charge and/or size are determined from the observed thermal motion. In particular, the viscous drag on the object yields a measure of its size, while the stiffness of its confinement can be compared with a potential model to reveal the total charge it carries. Also disclosed are an apparatus and software for carrying out the method.

Abstract: Methods and are provided for determining, monitoring or detecting particle size distribution of a medium. An example method includes comparing a measured ultrasound attenuation spectrum of the medium with a calculated attenuation spectrum, where the calculated attenuation spectrum is obtained by accounting for the scattering of ultrasound waves into the receiver. The methods of the present invention can be used to determine particle size distribution in a dense suspension of particles in the intermediate wavelength regime. In other aspects, methods of the present invention may also be used to monitor changes in particle size distribution, infer the shape of particles, provide feedback to a process involving a change in particle size, and determine the completion of a dissolution process.

Abstract: Methodology for the in vitro classification and/or prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from a HCC sample is based on the determination of the expression profile of particular gene combinations. For example, in one embodiment, a method comprises measuring the expression level in an HCC sample of at least 8 genes selected from the group consisting of: RAB1A, REG3A, NRAS, RAMP3, MERTK, PIR, EPHA1, LAMA3, G0S2, HN1, PAK2, AFP, CYP2C9, CDH2, HAMP, SAE1, ADH6, DCN, FLJ10159, ALDH1L1, IGF1, LECT2, SLC38A1, SPARCL1, CTNNA2, GLUL, LEF1, MATN2, MME, PFN2, SPINT2, TBX3, and FGFR2; b) calculating 6 subgroup distances from the expression profile; and c) classifying the HCC tumor in the subgroup for which the subgroup distance is the lowest, wherein the 6 subgroups G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6 are defined by the presence (+) or absence (?) of their clinical and genetic features.

Abstract: Disclosed are computer-implemented methods of sorting particles from a particle stream in a flow cytometer. The methods include: calculating sort decision making parameters using the raw event data values from a flow cytometer and a sort logic; performing sort logic computations using the sort logic definition and the sort decision making parameters to generate sort decisions; converting the sort decisions into sort commands; and sending the one or more sort commands to the flow cytometer. Sort logic computations may include algorithmically using conditional branching logic, and may include sort logic equations having mathematical functions characterizing one or more regions of interest in multidimensional data space. Such mathematical functions may be determined based on one or more parameters provided by a user. Also disclosed are corresponding systems having a flow cytometer and a computer.

Abstract: A luminescence detecting apparatus and method for analyzing luminescent samples is disclosed. A detecting apparatus may be configured so that light from luminescent samples pass through a collimator, a first lens, a filter, and a camera lens, whereupon an image is created by the optics on the charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. The detecting apparatus may further include central processing control of all operations, multiple wavelength filter wheel, and/or a robot for handling of samples and reagents.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining the size of particles within a fluidized bed reactor for use with thermally decomposable silicon-containing gas. The pressure of gas adjacent a gas inlet and adjacent a gas outlet of the reactor are measured with pressure sensors. An algorithm is applied to at least one of the pressure measurements to determine the size of particles within the reactor. The determined size of the particles can be used to control the operation of the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for optimizing and controlling the particle size distribution and scale-up of production of nanoparticle in an aerosol flame reactor. The method provides nanoparticles with desired, optimized and controlled particle size and the specific surface area in aerosol reactors using a simulation tool with programmed instructions. The simulation tool couples flame dynamics model and particle population balance model.

Abstract: An optical measurement method for high-speed acquisition of integral transformed time domain optical signals is presented. A circuit network is used to generate a modulation signal and a reference signal from a broadband signal such as a pseudo random bit sequence. The integral transformed measurements are obtained by cross correlating the time dependent response to the modulated illumination with the reference signal.

Abstract: A safety controller for controlling an automated installation has a control unit to which a plurality of control input signals are supplied from the sensors of the installation. The control unit produces a plurality of control output signals on the basis of the control input signals in accordance with a user program running in said control unit in an automatic mode. The plurality of control output signals actuate the actuators. The safety controller also has a diagnosis evaluation unit that ascertains which one of a plurality of operating states is present at a defined instant of time and produces an operating state signal which represents the ascertained operating state. A diagnosis selection unit generates a diagnosis report as a function of the operating state signal and as a function of a user access authorization signal and/or a special operating mode signal.

Abstract: Methods, storage mediums, and systems for correlating pulses generated from multiple interrogation regions in a flow cytometer to particular particles flowing through the flow cytometer are provided. Embodiments of the methods, storage mediums, and systems include configurations for calibrating a flow cytometer using a calibration particle having a unique signature to determine a time-of-flight for particles flowing through the flow cytometer. Based on the calculated time-of-flight and relative positions of interrogation regions corresponding to collectors of the flow cytometer, the methods, storage mediums, and systems may further include configurations for associating other signal pulses to particles of one or more different particle sets.

Abstract: A dynamic scattering type particle diameter distribution measurement device comprising a light receiving part that receives scattered light emitted from the particle group and that outputs a pulse signal in accordance with a photon number of the received light, a plurality of multibit counters that receives the pulse signal while a gate is open and counts a pulse number, a correlator that obtains auto-correlation data from time series data of the pulse number, and a calculation part that calculates particle diameter distribution based on the auto-correlation data, a gate time changing part that changes gate time once or a plurality of times and a gate time judging part that compares mutually the differences between the maximum value and the minimum value of the auto-correlation data output every time the gate time is changed and judges the gate time corresponding to the maximum difference as a recommended value.

Abstract: A method and associated apparatus for topographically characterizing a workpiece. The workpiece is scanned with a scanning probe along a first directional grid, thereby scanning a reference surface and an area of interest subportion of the reference surface, at a variable pixel density including a first pixel density outside the area of interest and a second pixel density inside the area of interest to derive a first digital file characterizing topography of the workpiece. The workpiece is further scanned along the reference surface and the area of interest with the scanning probe along a second directional grid that is substantially orthogonal to the first directional grid and at a constant pixel density to derive a second digital file characterizing topography of the workpiece. A processor executes computer-readable instructions stored in memory that generate a topographical profile of the workpiece in relation to the first and second digital files.

Abstract: A system and method for determining at least one geometric property of a particle in a sample. A sample is irradiated to thereby generate Raman scattered photons. These photons are collected to generate a Raman chemical image. A first threshold is applied wherein the first threshold is such that all particles in the sample are detected. A particle in the sample is selected and a second threshold is applied so that at least one geometric property of the selected particle can be determined. At least one spectrum representative of the selected particle is analyzed to determine whether or not it is a particle of interest. The step of determining a second threshold may be iterative and automated via software so that candidate second thresholds are applied until a satisfactory result is achieved.

Abstract: A system for characterizing suspended particles in a water treatment facility is disclosed. The system uses an imaging array to take multiple images of the particles in a sample volume. These images are then processed to determine geometrical properties of individual particles in the sample. These geometric properties can then be used to identify properties of the sample volume such as particle volume concentration, particle number concentration, computed particle diameter, gravitational settling velocity, mass concentration, and computed particle volume.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide methods and compositions for characterizing particles in a size range from about 1 ?m to about 10 nm, and preferably 5 ?m to about 5 nm. Using transmission electron microscopy and digital image processing techniques, the methods of the present invention can provide detailed information on the aggregation state of, for example, proteinaceous samples such as antibody-based pharmaceutical compositions. The methods can further permit assessment of the effect of storage, use, processing, and shipping conditions in such proteinaceous samples.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining the size of particles within a fluidized bed reactor. The pressure of gas adjacent a gas inlet and adjacent a gas outlet of the reactor are measured with pressure sensors. An algorithm is applied to at least one of the pressure measurements to determine the size of particles within the reactor. The determined size of the particles can be used to control the operation of the reactor. A dosing system and method is provided for measuring defined volumes of particles for transport to the reactor.

Abstract: A method for determining a size or shape related parameter of an effective observation volume for an observation technique for particles undergoing at least partially stochastic motion in a dispersion is based on a time-series of observations. The method involves determining one or more time-dependent characteristics of the dispersion or its particles based on the time-series of observations, determining at least one stochastic motion-related parameter representative for the at least partially stochastic motion of at least one particle in the dispersion, and determining a size or shape related parameter of the effective observation volume by modeling of the at least partially stochastic motion of the particle movement in the dispersion, the modeling taking into account the at least one stochastic motion-related parameter and the determined one or more characteristics.

Abstract: Mixtures containing homogeneously-sized particles with a minimum concentration of agglomerates or larger particles are desired in various manufacturing processes such as, for example, in the manufacture and use of chemical mechanical polishing slurries, food emulsions, pharmaceutical products, paints, and print toner. The method disclosed herein provides these industries with an accurate and efficient method of screening such mixtures for such agglomerates and large particles. The method generally includes preparing a suspension of the mixture in an electrolyte, wherein the suspension includes a specified concentration of small particles per unit of electrolyte. The method further includes passing the prepared suspension, and a plurality of the particles therein, through an aperture of a device capable of characterizing particles according to the Coulter principle to obtain data on the particles.

Abstract: Modeling the gravitational field-induced or centrifugal field-induced separation of particles of a dispersion by use of one or more additional force fields that also influence the migration of the particles. A method includes detecting and measuring the modified separation behavior with the help of concentration-measuring sensors. The force acting upon the particles can be calculated from the change in velocity of the particles, and the corresponding particle properties can be calculated if the respective field intensities are known.

Abstract: As an elegant solution for minimizing false positives returned by a sensor tuned to an analyte molecule, filters constructed of carbon nanotubes are positioned relative to the sensor to limit the sensor to being exposed to molecules within a defined range of sizes, with too-big molecules being excluded from reaching the sensor by one filter, and too-small molecules being pumped out through another, finer filter before the sensor is operated.

Abstract: A system for determining occurrence factors of particles includes a user interface device, and an apparatus for detecting the occurrence factors of particles. The apparatus for detecting the occurrence factors of particles includes a storage unit that stores a program for executing a calculation method for calculating a likelihood of each of the occurrence factors of particles in the form of a score; and a calculation unit for calculating the score for each of the occurrence factors of particles based on particle distributions at least on a surface of a substrate using the stored program. The user interface device displays the calculated score for each of the occurrence factors of particles.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining the size of particles within a fluidized bed reactor for use with thermally decomposable silicon-containing gas. The pressure of gas adjacent a gas inlet and adjacent a gas outlet of the reactor are measured with pressure sensors. An algorithm is applied to at least one of the pressure measurements to determine the size of particles within the reactor. The determined size of the particles can be used to control the operation of the reactor.

Abstract: The system records the movement of tiny organisms housed in closed micro plates traversed by an infrared beam generating a signal as a function of the diffraction caused by the body of the microorganism. The behavior detection procedure includes processing the diffraction signal to discriminate the locomotor activity of the microorganism. The system may be used in the chronobiological field, longevity, toxicity, and pharmacology studies.

Abstract: A method is proposed for characterizing a totality of particles. The method can be used in particular for characterizing microparticular or nanoparticular aerosols. The method comprises the following steps: a) in a classification step, a class of the totality is selected, wherein the particles of the selected class have a prespecified mobility dm; b) in a counting step, a number N of the particles of the selected class is determined; c) in a charge determination step, a charge Q of the particles of the selected class is determined; and d) in an evaluation step, at least one morphological parameter is determined from the charge Q, the number N and the mobility dm, wherein the morphological parameter comprises at least one item of information about an agglomerate state of the particles.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods capable of detecting and discriminating and/or classifying hazardous biological agents or other hazardous agents. In one aspect, a system measures electromagnetic energy scattered by a material at the different polarizations states and wavelengths. The system then combines the measured electromagnetic wavelengths at the different polarization states and wavelengths into different combinations to produce input parameters for a classifier. The input parameters include both depolarization and wavelength-dependent elastic backscatter measurements of the material illuminated by transmitted electromagnetic energy. The combination of wavelength dependent depolarization measurements and wavelength dependent backscatter measurements provides a unique capability to classify (or discriminate) based on size, shape, and refractive index.

Abstract: A biosensor system determines the presence and/or concentration of an analyte in a sample using one or more calibrated correlation equations. The analysis may be electrochemical, optical, or a combination thereof. The biosensor system may be implemented using a measurement device and a sensor strip. The measurement device applies test signals to a multi-layered encoding area of the sensor strip. Calibration information is determined from the patterns generated by the interaction of the test signals with the multi-layered encoding area.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a mobile device for measuring dynamic parameters of particles, e.g. spermatozoa, such as the translation speed and the rotational speed of particles.

Abstract: A blood analyzer configured to prevent an abnormal number of white blood cells caused by lipid particles or red blood cells of poor hemolysis from being output. The blood analyzer includes a system for obtaining a first white blood cell number and a system for obtaining a second white blood cell number. The analyzer also includes an output device for outputting the second white blood cell number, and a system for determining whether the second white blood cell number is abnormal. The output device is configured to output the first white blood cell number when the second white blood cell number has been determined to be abnormal.

Abstract: An operator interface for a machine is disclosed. The operator interface may have an operator interface device for receiving operator input corresponding to a requested machine function, wherein a machine function signal is generated in response to the received operator input. The operator interface may also have a help request device configured to receive an operator's request for information and generate a help signal. The operator interface may further have a controller in communication with the operator interface device and the help request device. The controller may be configured to provide information to the operator in response to receiving the help signal and the machine function signal. The information may relate to the requested machine function.

Abstract: A method of determining kinetic parameters for a reversible molecular interaction between a ligand immobilized to a solid support surface and a binding partner to the ligand in solution, comprises sequentially, without intermediate regeneration or renewal of the immobilized ligand, flowing a plurality of fluid volumes containing different known concentrations of the binding partner over the solid support surface, monitoring the momentary amount of binding partner bound to the solid support surface related to time and solution concentration of binding partner and collecting the binding data, and determining the kinetic parameters by globally fitting a predetermined kinetic model for the interaction between the binding partner and the immobilized ligand to the collected binding data, which model allows for mass transport limitation at the solid support surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for measuring dynamic parameters of particles comprises applying time correlation analysis on fluctuation of the particles with respect to a detection area of a digital picture.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer comprises an ion detector, an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter, a sample adjuster, and an adder. The A/D converter is configured to generate digital samples representing an analog signal received from the ion detector during a mass scan. The adder is configured to sum the samples with corresponding unsuppressed samples representing analog signals received from the ion detector during previous mass scans, the summed samples defining a mass spectrum. The sample adjuster is configured to identify a peak defined by the samples and to suppress all but one of the samples defining the identified peak to enhance resolution of a peak in the mass spectrum.

Abstract: A system for characterizing suspended particles in a water treatment facility is disclosed. The system uses an imaging array to take multiple images of the particles in a sample volume. These images are then processed to determine geometrical properties of individual particles in the sample. These geometric properties can then be used to identify properties of the sample volume such as particle volume concentration, particle number concentration, computed particle diameter, gravitational settling velocity, mass concentration, and computed particle volume.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring a gas turbine engine (20) to predict maintenance requirements. Particles suspended in a gas flow (24, 32) of the engine (20) are monitored and quantified to predict a particle accumulation rate. Monitoring may be done using particle flow sensors (61-63) in a diverted portion (33) of the working gas flow (24), such as in the cooling gas flow (32). Particle sampling (S1-S3) may be done to determine particle size and composition distributions. Particle mass flow rates may then be continuously monitored per engine operating condition, and compared to predetermined values such as a normal upper limit per engine operating condition. An integrated particle mass flow may be used in conjunction with an instantaneous mass flow rate to predict a maintenance requirement. Multiple locations (L1-L3) may be monitored to recognize a maintenance requirement by flow section or component.

Abstract: A mass spectrum is generated by a process in which, from a mass scan signal comprising original samples defining a peak, a subset of the original samples defining the peak is selected. One or more synthesized samples are synthesized from the subset of the original samples. The one or more synthesized samples provide a temporal resolution greater than the temporal resolution of the original samples. The one or more synthesized samples are summed with respective temporally-aligned accumulated samples to produce the mass spectrum. The accumulated samples are obtained from mass scan signals generated during respective previously-performed mass scan operations.

Abstract: A forward synthetic method is described that utilizes recursive application of established organic chemical reactions to derive more complex synthons from available reagents than are available from the reagent synthons themselves. The product of each reaction serves as the starting point for further reactions thereby permitting the generation of multiple complex molecular structures. This synthon generation procedure typically yields 20 ? 30 new structures within the limits of easily accessible syntheses based upon each starting reagent. More complex syntheses yield even more structures. The generated synthons are characterized with a molecular structural descriptor possessing a neighborhood property and can be further characterized with features. The synthons are searched for three dimensional shape and feature similarity to molecular fragments derived from query molecules, typically pharmacological molecules of interest.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for controllably producing silk particles including the steps of designing a particle size, setting parameters to create the particle size except one unknown parameter, calculating the unknown parameter using algorithm, dissolving a silk peptide in a solvent, adding a cleavage agent, and hydrolyzing the peptide to produce the particle in the desired size.

Abstract: In order to improve an accuracy of an autocorrelation function, a correlator comprises a counter 61 for receiving a pulse signal at given time intervals (sampling times) and counting the number of pulses; a shift register 63 for receiving the number of pulses counted by the counter 61 and performing sequential time delay; an operation part 64 for performing a product-sum operation of an output from the counter 61 and that delayed by the shift register 63 for each channel; and a control part 65 for setting a delay time or a sampling time by the shift register 63 on a basis of a relationship of the Fibonacci sequence.

Abstract: An improved device for indicating and measuring small variations in the resistance of a living body is disclosed which utilizes a central processing unit to digitally process sensed body resistances and drive a resistance-indicating display while compensating for the effects of component aging, component tolerances and component temperatures. The device includes an automatic calibration circuit that is automatically activated on each powering up of the device to measure and store measurement values for a plurality of synthesized body resistances that are used to form a compensation model against which sensed body resistances are, subsequently compared for automatic adjustment of display driving measurement values.