Abstract: A system for making real-time predictions about an arc flash event on an electrical system is disclosed. The system includes a data acquisition component, an analytics server and a client terminal. The data acquisition component is communicatively connected to a sensor configured to acquire real-time data output from the electrical system. The analytics server is communicatively connected to the data acquisition component and is comprised of a virtual system modeling engine, an analytics engine and an arc flash simulation engine. The arc flash simulation engine is configured to utilize the virtual system model to forecast an aspect of the arc flash event.

Abstract: A thermofluid simulation method includes referring to a storage unit storing a simulation result corresponding to a predetermined analysis range including partial spaces set in a space subject to simulation, and a first reduced order model generated based on the simulation result, generating a second reduced order model derived from the simulation result thus referred to for an analysis range having an arrangement of partial spaces matching an arrangement of the partial spaces of the predetermined analysis range in the space subject to simulation, and storing the generated second reduced order model in the storage unit, and interpolating reduced order models among reduced order models stored in the storage unit based on a boundary condition to form a reduced order model group corresponding to variable ranges of the boundary condition, the reduced order model group including the first, and the second reduced order models.

Abstract: The safety valve vibration analyzer includes: a set condition input unit in which set conditions of a physical model including a safety valve and an upstream pipe connected to the safety valve are inputted; a safety valve governing equation holder that holds a safety valve governing equations; a pipe governing equation holder that holds a pipe governing equation; a processing unit that derives a time variation of a valve lift by using the set conditions inputted, the safety valve governing equations, and the pipe governing equations; and a valve lifting force function holder that holds a valve lifting force function. The processing unit derives the time variation of the valve lift by applying the valve lifting force function to the equation of motion of the valve disc.

Abstract: An estimation method that can estimate a stream temperature in a turbojet including: digitally modeling the stream temperature with help of a modeled signal; and correcting the modeled signal with help of an error signal, a signal obtained after correction representing an estimate of the stream temperature. When predetermined conditions relating to at least one operating stage of a turbojet and to temperature stability are satisfied, the error signal is updated from the modeled signal and from a measurement signal of the stream temperature as delivered by a temperature sensor.

Abstract: A method for determining forces on a rigid body at least partially immersed in a fluid medium includes steps for (a) dividing the rigid body into a number of cells; (b) calculating buoyancy force on each rigid body cell separately, taking into account properties of the fluid medium, situation as to submersion of each cell, and position of each cell in the rigid body; and (c) integrating the separate buoyancy forces to determine the net force vector and any torque on the rigid body.

Abstract: System and method for extraction and processing of river bank coordinates from imagery, generation of an unstructured mesh of the river using river bank positions and available or synthetic bathymetry, application of upstream and downstream boundary forcing data, contingencies for handling missing data, and configuration of multiple realizations of the developed river model.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for simulating fluid motion using procedural shape growth. In a vector-based, fluid motion simulation technique, fluid location may be defined by groups of one or more polygons deposited on a digital canvas. Two or more polygons may overlap. The polygons may be semitransparent. To simulate fluid motion, vertices that specify the edges of each deposited polygon are independently moved. By moving the vertices, a polygon may grow, and fluid motion effects may be simulated, including but not limited to directional flow and blending effects. A randomization technique may be applied to the movement at each vertex to simulate the non-uniform spreading of fluids. Overlapped polygons may be blended with overlapping polygons to simulate the mixing of fluids. The technique may be applied, for example, in watercolor painting simulation, where groups of one or more polygons are deposited using brush strokes.

Abstract: Methods and systems for performing well network production optimizations are described. For example, in one embodiment, a method of allocating an applied resource throughout a well network includes receiving topological data into an analytical model of a well network having one or more wells. The topological data includes a plurality of performance curves that relate well performance to one or more levels of an applied resource. The method also includes determining an optimum allocation of the applied resource using the analytical model to maximize an operating parameter of the well network, including converting a portion the analytical model having one or more wells and a linear inequality relationship to a modified portion having a single variable and a linear equality constraint.

Abstract: Methods for modeling subsurface reservoirs are provided. In at least one embodiment, the process includes building a numerical model of a reservoir having at least one injection well and at least one producing well, and incorporating at least one of an Eulerian boundary condition (EBC) into each of the at least one injection well and at least one producing well, an advanced constitutive model (ACM) int the reservoir, and an adaptive re-meshing technique (ART) into the reservoir model. Then generating a simulation result from the integrated reservoir model, wherein the simulation result includes at least a volume of produced fluids and produced particulate solids from the reservoir, a volume of injected fluids and injected particulate solids into the reservoir, and a simulation of movement of at least a volume of particulate solids and fluids in the reservoir.

Abstract: A system is provided. The system comprises a computer system comprising at least one processor, a thermodynamic state solver application, and a thermodynamic system solver application. When executed by the at least one processor, the thermodynamic state solver application computes a flash equilibrium state solution for each of a plurality of nodes in a thermodynamic network and determines for each of the plurality of nodes at least one sensitivity of a first thermodynamic property with reference to at least one second thermodynamic property. When executed by the at least one processor, the thermodynamic system solver computes a pressure at each of the nodes and flows between the nodes based at least in part on the sensitivities, wherein a result based on the pressures and flows is determined.

Abstract: A method of modelling a water distribution system, the method comprising steps of: identifying a plurality of demand zones within said water distribution network; estimating water consumption data for said demand zones; simulating the hydraulic characteristics of the water distribution system using said estimated water consumption data and so; providing simulated pressure and flow rates within said demand zones; receiving output from sensors within said water distribution network in the form of pressure and flow rate data; correcting the simulated pressure and flow rate data within said demand zones based upon the sensor output and so; calibrating a model of the water distribution system.

Abstract: A Multiscale Finite Volume (MSFV) method is provided to efficiently solve large heterogeneous problems; it is usually employed for pressure equations and delivers conservative flux fields to be used in transport problems. It relies on the hypothesis that the fine-scale problem can be described by a set of local solutions coupled by a conservative coarse-scale problem. In numerically challenging cases, a more accurate localization approximation is used to obtain a good approximation of the fine-scale solution. According to an embodiment, a method is provided to iteratively improve the boundary conditions of the local problems, and is responsive to the data structure of the underlying MSFV method and employs a Krylov-subspace projection method to obtain an unconditionally stable scheme and accelerate convergence. In one embodiment the MSFV operator is used. Alternately, the MSFV operator is combined with an operator derived from the problem solved to construct the conservative flux field.

Abstract: A method of designing or optimizing a column for a separation process includes the computer implemented steps of, in a digital processor, providing vapor-side and liquid-side mass transfer coefficient expressions and a mass transfer area expression relevant for a subject column, the vapor-side and liquid-side mass transfer coefficient expressions and the mass transfer area expression having been derived from defining a column average height equivalent to a theoretical plate HETP) as a mathematical relationship in which HETP is proportional to a vapor flow rate, is inversely proportional to effective packing area participating in mass transfer, has a first correction factor with respect to liquid-side mass transfer, and has a second correction factor with respect to vapor-side mass transfer.

Abstract: A system and method for generating fluid flow parameter data for use in aerodynamic heating analysis. Computational fluid dynamics data is generated for a number of points in an area on a surface to be analyzed. Sub-areas corresponding to areas of the surface for which an aerodynamic heating analysis is to be performed are identified. A computer system automatically determines a sub-set of the number of points corresponding to each of the number of sub-areas and determines a value for each of the number of sub-areas using the data for the sub-set of points corresponding to each of the number of sub-areas. The value is determined as an average of the data for the sub-set of points corresponding to each of the number of sub-areas. The resulting parameter values then may be used to perform an aerodynamic heating analysis.

Abstract: System and method for extraction and processing of river bank coordinates from imagery, generation of an unstructured mesh of the river using river bank positions and available or synthetic bathymetry, application of upstream and downstream boundary forcing data, contingencies for handling missing data, and configuration of multiple realizations of the developed river model.

Abstract: A method and system for performing a criticality analysis of a water distribution network is provided. The method and system provides for segmentation of the system which allows a user to determine the set of elements that comprise segments, which in turn are the smallest portion of a water distribution system that can be isolated by valving. Isolating valves are included as elements in the set of elements that are used by an associated hydraulic solver engine to segment the water distribution network. Once the network has been segmented, a criticality analysis is performed whereby a hydraulic simulation is run for an outage of one or more segments, and the shortfall in demand supplied to other segments is calculated. The system provides for a linking of the ability to automatically identify segments with a hydraulic analysis model to enable a user not only to identify segments, but to rank their importance based on a variety of user defined metrics.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a hydraulic simulation model corresponding to a real-world hydraulic network is loaded in a hydraulic modeling and simulation application executing on a computer system. The hydraulic simulation model represents leakages as pressure dependent emitter flow at selected nodes (leakage nodes). Optimization criteria include a specified maximum of possible leakage nodes. A genetic algorithm (GA) generates trial solutions for an optimization, each trial solution representing locations for leakage nodes and corresponding emitter coefficients. A hydraulic analysis is performed for the trial solutions to generated model-simulated results. The model-simulated results are compared to field-observed data for the real-world hydraulic network to generate goodness-of-fit values. The process is repeated until a particular goodness-of-fit value is achieved or a maximum number of iterations is reached.

Abstract: A prediction of whether a point on a computer-generated surface is adjacent to laminar or turbulent flow is made using a transition prediction technique. A plurality of instability modes are obtained, each defined by one or more mode parameters. A vector of regressor weights is obtained for the known instability growth rates in a training dataset. For an instability mode in the plurality of instability modes, a covariance vector is determined. A predicted local instabilty growth rate at the point is determined using the covariance vector and the vector of regressor weights. Based on the predicted local instability growth rate, an n-factor envelope at the point is determined.

Abstract: A thermal fluid system modeler including a plurality of individual components. A solution vector is configured and ordered as a function of one or more inlet dependencies of the plurality of individual components. A fluid flow simulator simulates thermal energy being communicated with the flowing fluid and between first and second components of the plurality of individual components. The simulation extends from an initial time to a later time step and bounds heat transfer to be substantially between the flowing fluid, walls of tubes formed in each of the individual components of the plurality, and between adjacent tubes. Component parameters of the solution vector are updated with simulation results for each of the plurality of individual components of the simulation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for predicting a real-time water quality, and the apparatus including a hydrodynamic model creating unit to create a hydrodynamic model optimized to a location at which a water quality is to be predicted based on flow rate information, and a water quality predicting unit to predict the water quality by applying water quality information to the optimized hydrodynamic model.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a cross flow angle for a feature on a structure. A processor unit receives location information identifying a location of the feature on the structure, determines an angle of the feature, identifies flow information for the location, determines a flow angle using the flow information, and determines the cross flow angle for the feature using the flow angle and the angle of the feature. The flow information describes a flow of fluid across the structure. The flow angle comprises an angle of the flow of fluid across the structure for the location of the feature.

Abstract: A simulation application simulates a fluid flow. The simulation application divides a fluid into coarse volumetric elements (voxels) at a first resolution, and simulates the fluid flow at the first resolution. The simulation application defines a three-dimensional window that includes a portion of the coarse voxels. The simulation application divides each coarse voxel in the portion of the coarse voxels that lie within the three-dimensional window into a plurality of fine voxels at a second resolution. The simulation application simulates the fluid flow associated with each fine voxel in the plurality of fine voxels at the second resolution based at least in part on the simulation at the coarse resolution.

Abstract: Systems and methods for evaluating the corrosion risk in operations with equipment for the handling an acid gas-containing solutes, e.g., an amine unit for the removal of acid gases such as H2S, CO2, etc., are provided. Input parameter values corresponding to geometrical parameters of at least an equipment (or a portion of an equipment) susceptible to corrosion risk, operating parameters, fluid dynamic properties, and properties of the solute are received by the system. Based on the input values, the systems and methods derive a minimum pressure above which acid gas flashing occurs given the localized pressure drop, causing corrosion in the identified location. In one embodiment, the systems and methods provide an assessment correlating acid gas loadings with the corrosion risk.

Abstract: A system is provided. The system comprises a computer system comprising at least one processor, a thermodynamic state solver application, and a thermodynamic system solver application. When executed by the at least one processor, the thermodynamic state solver application computes a flash equilibrium state solution for each of a plurality of nodes in a thermodynamic network and determines for each of the plurality of nodes at least one sensitivity of a first thermodynamic property with reference to at least one second thermodynamic property. When executed by the at least one processor, the thermodynamic system solver computes a pressure at each of the nodes and flows between the nodes based at least in part on the sensitivities, wherein a result based on the pressures and flows is determined.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of modelling propagation of a wave through a first space. In one embodiment, the instructions store data in the memory representing a first space and a second space, the first space being within the second space, wherein the second space comprises a plurality of calculation blocks, each calculation block that generates a value representing propagation of a wave at a point in the second space, each calculation block carrying out a calculation to determine a value for the point in the second space represented by the calculation block based upon a value generated by at least one other calculation block, and store data in the memory defining at least one boundary defining the first space within the second space, the at least one boundary further dividing the second space into at least two spaces outside of the first space.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method includes defining respective positions of a first set of nodes and a second set of nodes in an enrichment region, and performing a coupled pore fluid diffusion and stress analysis on the enrichment region at the first set of nodes. It is then determined whether the second set of nodes is activated—representing a fracture—as a result of the analysis, and the results are visually output to a user.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described that provide a Heat Flow Model (HFM) graph modeling methodology. Embodiments automatically translate formal HVAC system descriptions from a Building Information Model (BIM) into HFM graphs, and compile the graphs into executable FDD systems. During an engineering phase, a user interface is used to enter parameters, conditions, and switches not found in the BIM. During a runtime phase, real-time data from an HVAC control system is input to the generated FDD system (HFM graph) for fault detection and diagnosis.

Abstract: Methods and systems for computing notional source signatures from modeled notional signatures and measured near-field signatures are described. Modeled near-field signatures are calculated from the modeled notional signatures. Low weights are assigned to parts of a source pressure wavefield spectrum where signatures are less reliable and higher weights are assigned to parts of the source pressure wavefield spectrum where signatures are more reliable. The part of the spectrum where both sets of signatures are reliable can be used for quality control and for comparing the measured near-field signatures to modeled near-field signatures. When there are uncertainties in the input parameters to the modeling, the input parameters can be scaled to minimize the differences between measured and modeled near-field signatures.

Abstract: Method of modelling the evolution of the pH value of a porous medium after injection of an alkaline agent solution into this medium. The alkaline agent is considered as a soda pseudo-constituent of concentration equal to an OH— concentration corresponding to the pH value of the alkaline agent solution injected. An adsorption equation calibrated to experimental data is then used to determine an amount of soda pseudo-constituent adsorbed, from the concentration of the soda pseudo-constituent. Finally, the evolution of the pH value is modelled by modelling the transport of the alkaline agent solution by means of a soda transport simulator, by replacing the soda by the soda pseudo-constituent.

Abstract: Techniques for analyzing flow of a quantity in a given domain are provided. In one aspect, a method for modeling regions in a domain affected by a flow of a quantity is provided which includes the following steps. A physical representation of the domain is provided. A grid that contains a plurality of grid-points in the domain is created. Sources are identified in the domain. Given a vector field that defines a direction of flow of the quantity within the domain, a boundary value problem is defined for each of one or more of the sources identified in the domain. Each of the boundary value problems is solved numerically to obtain a solution for the boundary value problems at each of the grid-points. The boundary value problem solutions are post-processed to model the regions affected by the flow of the quantity on the physical representation of the domain.

Abstract: A multi-scale finite volume method for simulating a fine-scale geological model of subsurface reservoir is disclosed. The method includes providing a fine-scale geological model of a subsurface reservoir associated with a fine-scale grid, a coarse-scale grid, and a dual coarse-scale grid. A coarse-scale operator is constructed based on internal cells, edge cells, and node cells on the fine-scale grid that are defined by the dual coarse-scale grid. Pressure in the dual coarse-scale cells is computed using the coarse-scale operator. Pressure in the primary coarse-scale cells is computed using the computed pressure in the dual coarse-scale cells. A display is produced using the computed pressure in the primary coarse-scale cells. An iterative scheme can be applied such that the computed pressure in the primary coarse-scale cells converges to the fine-scale pressure solution and mass balance is maintained on the coarse-scale.

Abstract: Systems and method for simulating liquid containment behavior. The system comprises a solid modeler and a nonlinear equation solver. The nonlinear equation solver takes as input the solid model representation of the containment vessel from the solid modeler, a desired orientation in space, dynamic conditions (e.g., lateral acceleration) and an amount of liquid. To find the level of liquid in the vessel, the system solver iteratively performs successive Boolean subtractions using an infinite horizontal half-space that represents the liquid level of the vessel. The resulting sliced solid model is used to compute the volume of the liquid at that level. The iterative system solver terminates when the computed volume of the sliced containment vessel matches the specified volume of liquid (e.g., fuel) within a given tolerance.

Abstract: Interdependencies between pairs/groups of individual systems are evaluated in determining the composition of a universal system of interdependent systems. Data tables reflecting the interdependencies are contained in a central database resident in a server's memory. Plural/multiple computers are connected to the server, each computer having running thereon at least one simulation program, each simulation program being associated with at least one individual system and being characterized by individual time steps. In each individual time step, the simulation program updates (reads data from and writes data to) the central database, and displays updated information. In each universal time step (characterizing the simulation of the universal system), all simulation programs are temporally coordinated so that each simulation program's individual time step takes place once; no universal time step is perfected until every individual time step has completed its updating of pertinent data in the central database.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring lens material residence within a conduit to improve the quality of molded products by reducing defects arising from entrapped lens material. According to the method a finite element mesh representative of a conduit is stored in a digital storage device. A simulation is run on a digital computer in which one type of lens material sequentially flows through the conduit in discrete batches temporal history of the batches within the conduit is tracked. The simulation is useful for analyzing material delivery conduits in injection molding and casting systems, for example, for lens manufacturing. According to the system, a digital storage device stores a finite element mesh representative of a conduit. A digital computer is coupled to the digital storage device for executing a set of instructions to run a simulation and track the temporal history of the batches within the conduit.

Abstract: Determining viable hydraulic fracture scenarios. At least some of the illustrative embodiments include: executing a fracture planning program, and determining a set of schedules from the fracture planning program, each schedule comprising a volume of fracture fluid, amount of proppant, and flow rate of the fracture fluid; providing each schedule of the set of schedules to a stress analysis program, executing the stress analysis program, and determining a set of indications from the stress analysis program, each indication indicative of whether a respect schedule exceeds engineering limits of a tubing string; and providing at least some of the schedules to a fracture simulation program, executing the fracture simulation program, and determining a set of fracture geometries from the fracture simulation program, each fracture geometry corresponding to a respective schedule.

Abstract: A computational “toolbox” can be used for the a priori design of optimized fluidic components. These components include a channel under low-Reynolds number, pressure-driven flow, with an arrangement of grooves cut into the top and/or bottom to generate a tailored cross-channel flow. An advection map for each feature (i.e., groove of a particular shape and orientation) predicts the lateral transport of fluid within the channel due to that feature. Applying the advection maps in sequence generates a representation of the outflow distribution for complex designs that combine one or more features. Therefore, the effect of the complex three-dimensional flow field can be predicted without solving the governing flow equations through the composite geometry, and the resulting distribution of fluids in the channel is used to evaluate how well a component performs a specified task. The toolbox is applied to determine optimal combinations of features for specified mixer sizes and mixing metrics.

Abstract: A method of simulating fluid flow in a three-dimensional volume with a moving boundary is presented. The moving boundary is provided within a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) mesh. The CFD mesh includes mesh points defining three-dimensional mesh cells. Locations of the mesh points at the moving boundary are revised predicated on known motion characteristics thereof such that the CFD mesh undergoes distortion near the moving boundary. The distortion is minimized using an elastic deformation model that does not involve dimensional physical parameters. As a result, a revised CFD mesh is generated. A fluid flow simulation is then computed for the three-dimensional volume using the revised CFD mesh.

Abstract: A simple and efficient method for simulating dispersed bubble flow is provided. Instead of modeling the complex hydrodynamics of numerous small bubbles explicitly, the method approximates the average motion of these bubbles using a continuum multiphase solver. The subgrid interactions among bubbles are computed using a new stochastic solver. Using the proposed scheme, complex scenes with millions of bubbles can be simulated efficiently.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention provides a method for determining orientation of fibers in a fluid having polymer chains, characterized in that the determining of the orientation of the fibers is performed by taking into consideration an interaction between the fibers and the fluid, wherein the interaction between the fibers and the fluid comprises changes in configuration of the polymer chain to cause the entanglement or adsorption between the fibers and the polymer chains. Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for determining orientation of fibers in a fluid having polymer chains, the fibers in the fluid including a transitional movement and a rotatory movement, the method being characterized in that the determining of the orientation of the fibers is performed by taking into consideration a steric barrier effect on a rotary movement of the fibers.

Abstract: A computerized simulation method for evaluating a tire performance is disclosed. Firstly, a simulation of a rolling tire is made by contacting a tire model with a road surface model, and chronological data about node points of the tire model which node points appear in the outer surface of the tire model during rotating are stored. Then, a domain of a fluid is defined, and a simulation of the fluid is made by the use of the chronological data, wherein a small gap is formed between the tire model and the road surface model, and the fluid domain is also defined in the gap.

Abstract: A heat transfer apparatus and related methods are provided. The heat transfer apparatus and related methods more evenly distribute fluid flow in two-phase heat exchange systems by restricting fluid flow to one or more tube.

Abstract: A computerized method of identifying a deployment of a plurality of hydraulic sensors in a liquid distribution network, optionally according to leakage detection performance.

Abstract: A method for predicting dynamic behavior of an aircraft structure, the aircraft including at least one rotary device including at least one rotor guided in rotation by at least one fixed-bracket bearing containing a shock-absorbing fluid film. The method includes using a global digital model of the aircraft structure including a basic digital model of each rotary device, generating a non-linear digital model of each shock-absorbing film (for example by developing a cavitation-free model and a model with cavitation), integrating the model of each shock-absorbing film with the global model, applying interference to at least one rotor of a rotary device, and calculating the vibration frequency of at least one rotor of each rotary device and the corresponding frequency of the vibrations generated in a critical portion of the aircraft structure.

Abstract: A method and system of determining a volume of a vehicle component. The system includes a computing device having a host application and analytical tool. The host application is configured to present an interface to a user and allow the user to modify a component model. The component model includes a three-dimensional representation of at least a portion of a vehicle component and has a virtual housing at least partially defining an internal cavity. The analytical tool is configured to generate a solid body representing the internal cavity and calculate a volume of the solid body. The analytical tool is configured to determine whether the internal cavity is bounded by the virtual housing, counting a number of external and internal faces traversed by the fluid during the simulated fluid flow, and determining a shortest path between the selected external and internal faces.

Abstract: A method for modeling deformation in subsurface strata, including defining physical boundaries for a geomechanical system. The method also includes acquiring one or more mechanical properties of the subsurface strata within the physical boundaries, and acquiring one or more thermal properties of the subsurface strata within the physical boundaries. The method also includes creating a computer-implemented finite element analysis program representing the geomechanical system and defining a plurality of nodes representing points in space, with each node being populated with at least one of each of the mechanical properties and the thermal properties. The program solves for in situ stress at selected nodes within the mesh.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to a numerical analysis data providing system. The system can include a server side computer which may provide numerical analysis data to a user side computer connected to a network. The server side computer can record a material name and a property item with corresponding to any one or more types of property values from a mechanical property value, a thermal physical property value, and an electromagnetic property value as for plural materials. Such server side computer can extract one or more types of material property data from the mechanical property value, the thermal physical property value, and the electromagnetic property value corresponding to the material name and the property item recorded by a material property data storage arrangement based on the material name and the property item transmitted from the user side computer. In addition, the server side computer can transmit the extracted data to the user side computer.

Abstract: The present method aims at preventing breakdown by selecting conditions for preventing the occurrence of voids via analysis. According to the present method, a database related to the time variation of amount of generated gas or number of moles when a solid member is heated is experimentally formulated in advance, and the amount of generated gas from the member and the specific heat ratio of gases are entered for analysis in order to predict via analysis the generation of voids within the resin material when the solid member is heated, to thereby select conditions for preventing voids.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for generating a development plan for a hydrocarbon asset. A high-fidelity computer model of a hydrocarbon asset is created. A low-fidelity computer model of the hydrocarbon asset is created. The low-fidelity computer model is iterated on to an interim solution. A comparison is generated of the interim solution to a solution obtained from a simulation of the high-fidelity computer model at the variables of the interim solution. The low-fidelity computer model is calibrated based, at least in part, on the comparison. The development plan for the hydrocarbon asset is generated based, at least in part, on a result from the calibrated low-fidelity computer model. The low-fidelity computer model is a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem with complementarity.

Abstract: Fluid-flow simulation over a computer-generated surface is generated using inviscid and viscous simulations. A fluid-flow mesh of fluid cells is obtained. At least one inviscid fluid property for the fluid cells is determined using an inviscid fluid simulation that does not simulate fluid viscous effects. A set of intersecting fluid cells that intersects the surface are identified. A surface mesh polygon of the surface mesh is identified for each intersecting fluid cell. At least one boundary-layer fluid property for each identified surface mesh polygon is determined using the at least one inviscid fluid property of the corresponding intersecting fluid cell and a boundary-layer simulation that simulates fluid viscous effects.

Abstract: The present invention incorporates a device for measuring fluid movement conditions at a distance, such as LIDAR, into an underlying device for extracting useful work from a moving fluid, such as a wind turbine, for the purpose reducing the cost of designing and manufacturing the underlying device.