Abstract: A synthesis machine for preparation of a targeted inorganic material for recommended synthesis by a computer program that determines optimal solid-state methods for synthesis of an inorganic material. The computational method involves inputting a target inorganic material, querying structural data and thermodynamic data for the target inorganic material, enumerating possible synthetic reactions to construct a synthetic reaction database with a viable subset of the possible synthetic methods. The routine generates a nucleation metric and competition metric that are combined to provide recommended synthetic methods. The output for each of the recommended syntheses are input into a robotic synthesis machine where the delivery of reactants, reaction conditions, and analysis of extent of reaction, and product quality is controlled by a processor.

Abstract: A baseline request produced from an annotated node of a document object model (DOM) tree and a label assigned to the annotated node are obtained. The label is assigned to a set of neighboring nodes of the DOM that perform a same function by recursively causing the system to, for each neighboring node to the annotated node in the DOM tree an additional request produced in response to performance of simulated human interaction with the neighboring node is identified, if the additional request matches the baseline request, the label is assigned to the neighboring node, and the neighboring node is selected to be the annotated node.

Abstract: Systems and methods for predicting language dialects for a user to improve a user interface of an application are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system receives a request to determine a default dialect for an application executing on a user device. The system acquires user information corresponding to a user of the user device. Based on the user information and using a clustering algorithm, the system assigns the user to a cluster associated with a dialect. The system provides the dialect to the user device for display in a user interface as part of a sliding scale of selectable dialects of the application such that the dialect is provided as the default dialect for text and other message communications in the application. The system learns from the user's choice of dialect to provide more accurate dialect predictions in the future for other users.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: obtaining a dataset for generation of an outcome using a plurality of artificial intelligence models; classifying, using another artificial intelligence model and before employing the plurality of artificial intelligence models, the dataset into a feature-space; and employing a subset of the plurality of artificial intelligence models on the dataset, wherein the subset is selected based upon the classification of the dataset. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: Interaction data sets of consumers of an offering set with an application associated with an offering set are obtained. At least some of the interactions are associated with respective content presentation operations. A neural network model is trained, using the interaction data sets, to generate predictions of actions of a consumer at whom a set of content presentation operations is directed, and to provide action-attribution scores for the content presentation operations. The model includes convolutional layers and an attention module. Weights learned in the attention module are used to estimate the action-attribution scores. A trained version of the model is stored.

Abstract: Technologies are provided for generation of quality scores for brand curation. A quality score represents a quality assessment of a brand. To generate quality scores, a machine-learning (ML) model can be trained to classify brands as either pertaining or not-pertaining to a group of select brands. The ML model can be trained using the group of select brands as a training set and performance signals for those brands as feature inputs. A select brand can be an expert curated brand, a brand carried by a particular merchant, or a brand identified using social media. A performance signal defines a value of a quality metric of a brand, where the quality metric defines an aspect of interaction between a customer and the brand within a digital marketplace. A quality score of a brand can be generated by applying the trained ML model to performance signals for the brand.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for provide alternative domain names for a single Internet website to different users in results of search queries. The systems and methods can perform operations including maintaining alternative domain names for a single webpage of a content provider and associated context information of the alternative domain names. The operations also include receiving a request for the context information and providing the context information in response to the request. The operations further include receiving a notification of usage of an alternative domain name based on the context information. Additionally, the operations include determining usage metrics for the plurality of alternative domain names of the content provider based on the usage information. Moreover, the operations include periodically culling alternative domain names of the content provider based on the usage metrics.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to managing data in a file system. A source bucket that contains a plurality of objects on a cloud computing environment may be determined. The source bucket may be associated with a target directory in the file system based on an integration relationship. Object keys from the object store may be provided based on a query and filter rules such that each object key corresponds to an object in the source bucket that conforms to the filter rules. Source objects in the source bucket may be determined based on the object keys such that each source object corresponds to one of the object keys. Target files that correspond to the source objects may be determined based on the integration relationship. In response to determining changed target files or changed source objects, copying the changed source objects or the changed target files to the target directory.

Abstract: Price mining and dynamic online marketing campaign adjustment data processing systems and methods are disclosed. A system and method for dynamically adjusting an online marketing campaign, in various embodiments, is configured to increase and/or decrease one or more keyword bids that make up part of an online marketing campaign for a particular product from a particular retailer based on whether: (1) the particular product is or is not competitively priced relative to one or more competing retailers; and/or (2) an advertisement for the particular product from the particular retailer on a search engine results page or in an online marketplace is in a relatively desirable position.

Abstract: A rule storing unit stores a set of rules each defining facts and a relation between the facts, and weights representing importance levels of the rules. An input data storing unit stores input data. A query storing unit stores a query. An importance level calculating unit calculates an importance level of each fact type of the facts defined by the rules. A fact data generating unit generates, for each fact type, fact data in which true/false is observed as a fact by a number corresponding to the importance level of the fact type, from the input data. A fact data storing unit stores the fact data. An inference performing unit performs probabilistic inference of a result of the query by using the fact data, the rules, and the weights. An output unit outputs a result of the inference.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, modifying queries based on non-textual content. In one aspect, a method includes receiving, from a user device, a query including a plurality of terms; determining active non-textual data displayed in an application environment on the user device; determining, from the non-textual textual data, modification data for the query; generating a set of modified queries based on the query and the modification parameters; scoring the modified queries according to one or more scoring criteria; selecting one of the modified queries based on the scoring; and providing, to the user device, search results responsive to the selected modified query.

Abstract: A data storage device and method for efficient image searching are provided. In one embodiment, a data storage device is provided comprising a memory and a controller. The controller is configured to store a plurality of images and a plurality of keys in the memory, wherein each key of the plurality of keys is generated from a respective image of the plurality of images; receive, from a host, a key generated from a target image desired by the host; and return, to the host, an image from the stored plurality of images that is associated with a key that matches the key received from the host. Other embodiments are provided.

Abstract: Techniques for suggesting accessory devices controlled by an application executing on a mobile device are disclosed. A method includes measuring one or more sensor values using one or more sensors of a mobile device and the one or more sensor values are determined from one or more signals emitted by a first one or more accessory devices. An area of a physical space for the first one or more accessory devices can be determined based on the one or more sensor values. A second one or more accessory devices associated with the same area as the first one or more accessory devices can be suggested to a user.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for providing contextual information to a user. In one aspect, a method includes receiving, from a user device, a query-independent request for contextual information relevant to an active resource displayed in an application environment on the user device, generating multiple queries from displayed content from the resource, determining a quality score for each of the multiple queries, selecting one or more of the multiple queries based on their respective quality scores, and providing, to the user device for each of the selected one or more queries, a respective user interface element for display with the active resource, wherein each user interface element includes contextual information regarding the respective query and includes the respective query.

Abstract: Techniques and systems are described for performing semantic text searches. A semantic text-searching solution uses a machine learning system (such as a deep learning system) to determine associations between the semantic meanings of words. These associations are not limited by the spelling, syntax, grammar, or even definition of words. Instead, the associations can be based on the context in which characters, words, and/or phrases are used in relation to one another. In response to detecting a request to locate text within an electronic document associated with a keyword, the semantic text-searching solution can return strings within the document that have matching and/or related semantic meanings or contexts, in addition to exact matches (e.g., string matches) within the document. The semantic text-searching solution can then output an indication of the matching strings.

Abstract: A method involving obtaining a first plurality of topic groups (TGs), each having a membership of accounts, identifying a first plurality of accounts as authorities for an expertise topic, obtaining a second plurality of TGs with a number of accounts as members, wherein the first plurality of TGs comprises the second plurality of TGs, identifying a first frequent account which is a member in at least one of the second plurality of TGs, adding the first frequent account to the authorities of the expertise topic to obtain a second plurality of accounts as the authorities of the expertise topic, determining a third plurality of TGs in which a second number of accounts from the second plurality of accounts are members, determining that another frequent account is a member in one of the third plurality of TGs, and obtaining a ranking of accounts that are an authority on the expertise topic.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for an information centric network (ICN) distributed search with approximate cache and forwarding information lookup. For example, a search interest packet may be received. Here, the search interest packet includes search criteria and a signal indicating that it is a search interest packet. A search for content—including content in a local content store—that meets the search criteria may then be performed. Once complete, a data packet that includes the results of the search may be transmitted towards an author of the search interest packet.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for keyword search over a knowledge graph. The knowledge graph comprises a large number of vertices representing entities and a large number of edges representing relations between the entities. The knowledge graph is enhanced with static labels. A static label for each vertex includes a list of distances between the vertex and other vertices of the knowledge graph. The method includes receiving a set of keywords, constructing dynamic labels based on the set of keywords and determining a subgraph of the knowledge graph for the set of keywords based on the static labels and based on the dynamic labels. The constructing of the dynamic labels includes obtaining keyword vertices by mapping keywords of the set of keywords to vertices of the knowledge graph and obtaining for the keyword vertices distances between the keyword vertices and predecessors of the keyword vertices from the static labels.

Abstract: A generative automatic text summarization system and method is disclosed that may adopt a search and reranking strategy to improve the performance of a summarization task. The system and method may employ a transformer neural model to assist with the summarization task. The transformer neural model may be trained to learn human abstracts and may then be operable to generate abstractive summaries. With multiple summary hypothesis generated, a best-first search algorithm and reranking algorithm may be employed to select the best candidate summary as part of the output summary.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to organizing conversations. Words may be provided from a conversation stream. Each word may be mapped to a graph model based on characteristics of each word. The graph model may be partitioned based on one or more attributes of a nodes and edges included in the graph model such that nodes associated with relationship strength that exceeds a threshold value may be grouped together. Sentence models may be generated based on sentences included in the conversation stream. Combined models may be generated based on the sentence models and the graph such that each sentence model may be associated with one or more partitions of the graph model. A conversation digest may be generated based on the combined model such that the conversation digest identifies one or more dominant portions of the conversation that include key subject matter.

Abstract: A system, method, specialized computers, and software for improving wine consumption experience is disclosed. In some configurations, descriptors for wine and or music may be determined. Wine and music profiles may be generated. Wine-music pairs may be created in certain configurations. In some configurations, a user may use certain configurations to select a particular wine, have his or her mobile device play a song matched to that wine.

Abstract: A computer system and computational method for determining optimal solid-state methods for synthesis of an inorganic material that results in an output of recommended synthetic methods that can be implemented based on the recommendation. The method involves inputting a target inorganic material, querying structural data and thermodynamic data for the target inorganic material and reactant inorganic materials that can be used for its synthesis, enumerating possible synthetic reactions to construct a synthesis reaction database with a viable subset of the possible synthetic methods. The program generates a nucleation barrier metric and a competition metric that are combined to provide a recommendation of the synthetic procedures to the target inorganic material.

Abstract: Enhanced techniques and circuitry are presented herein for providing responses to questions from among digital documentation sources spanning various documentation formats, versions, and types. One example includes a method comprising receiving an indication of a question directed to subject having a documentation corpus, determining a set of passages of the documentation corpus related to the question, ranking the set of passages according to relevance to the question, forming semantic clusters comprising sentences extracted from ranked ones of the set of passages according to sentence similarity, and providing a response to the question based at least on a selected semantic cluster.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for communication assistance for aneurotypical individuals are described. Embodiments of the systems, methods, and apparatus may receive input data during a communication between a first user and a second user, generate feedback based on the input data using a shared network comprising psychological information about the second user, wherein the shared network is based at least in part on interactions between the second user and a third user, and provide the feedback to the first user during the communication.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to generating metrics based on visualizations. A dashboard that may be associated with source visualizations display a current value of metrics from source visualization models. A classifier may automatically use characteristics from the source visualizations to determine metrics for the source visualization. The source visualization models may be sample to provide values of the metrics across time, at a sampling rate determined by a metric profile. The sampled values may be stored with time values in a metric data store such that the time values may correspond to when the values sampled from the visualization. Metric visualizations may be generated based on the values and the time values such that the metric visualizations display previously sampled values of the metrics.

Abstract: A data stream may include a plurality of records that are ordered, and the plurality of records may be assigned to a processing shard. A first set of virtual shards may be formed, the first set of virtual shards having a first quantity of virtual shards that perform parallel processing operations on behalf of the processing shard. First records of the plurality of records may be processed using the first set of virtual shards. The first quantity of virtual shards may be modified, based at least in part on an observed record age, to a second quantity of virtual shards that perform parallel processing operations on behalf of the processing shard. A second set of virtual shards may be formed having the second quantity of virtual shards. Second records of the plurality of records may be processed using the second set of virtual shards.

Abstract: Client instance data including a plurality of incidents and a plurality of knowledge elements comprising information relating to resolving one or more of the plurality of incidents is obtained. A validation set is built based on the obtained client instance data, the validation set including fingerprint data of plural fingerprints of known incident-knowledge relationships, each of fingerprint representing a link between one of the incidents and one of the knowledge elements used for resolving the incident. A knowledge element class is predicted from among plural knowledge element classes for each of knowledge element based on the built validation set, the plural knowledge element classes being defined based on respective threshold values indicating a quality of coverage provided by a knowledge element for resolving an incident. Classification data of the plural knowledge elements classified into the plural knowledge element classes is presented with the obtained client instance data.

Abstract: A signal interpretation system includes a communication device, a memory storing instructions, and one or more processors configured to execute the instructions to perform operations including: receiving scanned information including a shape of at least one article scanned with a scanning device to identify the at least one article and identifying a geographic location of the scanning device, when a scan of the at least one article was performed, based on a location signal received from the scanning device. The operations also include evaluating a signal indicative of interest in the identified at least one article and transmitting, via the communication device, a notification based on the evaluated signal, the notification being indicative of the identified at least one article and the identified geographic location, the notification being configured to cause an update in at least one graphical element presented by the scanning device or another device.

Abstract: Methods and systems for managing an online application database and application search. Search queries for applications are received from users. Unfulfilled queries are stored in memory. The platform identifies one or more application features based on the search queries within the stored unfulfilled queries, and generates an application build recommendation specifying the one or more application features. The application build recommendation is output to one or more developer accounts. If a new application is received, the platform may determine whether the new application contains features that sufficiently correspond to the features in one of the application build recommendations. User accounts that submitted the unfulfilled queries that served as the basis for the matching application build recommendation may be notified of the availability of the new application.

Abstract: A device context of a device is identified based on device data including a current state of the device, and a user context of a user is identified based on user data including user interaction with a user interface for the device. A current task that the user is performing on the device in relation to the current state of the device is identified, and knowledge regarding how the user is performing the current task using the user interface is extracted, using an artificial intelligence technique with respect to the identified device context and the identified user context. The extracted knowledge for the identified current task is stored within a knowledge base, and can be used to adapt the user interface for another user performing the current task on the device in the current state.

Abstract: Systems and methods including one or more processors and one or more non-transitory storage devices storing computing instructions configured to run on the one or more processors and perform: receiving an input identifying an anchor item; determining, using a quadruplet network associated with a neural network architecture, one or more item categories corresponding to complementary items associated with the anchor item; generating, using a ranking network associated with the neural network architecture, scores for the complementary items included in the one or more item categories; generating, using the ranking network associated with the neural network architecture, first ranking results for the complementary items based, at least in part, on the scores; and selecting one or more of the complementary items to be displayed based, at least in part, on the first ranking results. Other embodiments are disclosed herein.

Abstract: Techniques for suggesting filters for query terms based on previously selected query results are disclosed. Common characteristics of previously selected query results are presented as a filter. A system trains a machine learning model by obtaining historical data including query characteristics and selected query results. Based on the historical data, the system trains the machine learning model to associate the first filter field with the first search term. The system receives a first query for execution. The system applies the machine learning model to the first query to identify the first filter field as a suggestion. The system: recommends the first field for filtering a first set of search results corresponding to the first query. Responsive to receiving user input selecting a first value for the first filter field, the system filters using the first value to generate a set of filtered search results, and presents the filtered search results.

Abstract: User permissions for a search on content managed by a content management system (CMS) can be evaluated in a search engine based on a user identity of a user providing a query input for the query rather than after return of an initial results set to the CMS or some other front-end application. The search engine can constrain possible results returned from a search for the query input using a content index of a plurality of content items maintained in a repository of the content management system. The constraining can include limiting the search engine from adding a content item of the plurality of content items to a permissions-filtered results set unless the evaluating of the user permissions and the search for the query input against the content index do not exclude the content item. Other aspects can support index updating by selective use of a metadata index.

Abstract: A system filters a data set for the efficient execution of queries by removing at least some irrelevant records to generate a reduced data set. The records are determined to be irrelevant based on the values of the records for the particular attribute(s) corresponding to the filtering operation. The system filters out records within a data set that do not include any of the values defined for the particular attribute by a set of queries that are to be executed on the filtered set of records.

Abstract: One high-level aspect of a content-modification system and related methods may involve facilitating content modification by a content-presentation device of received broadcast content in a controlled manner, while under circumstances in which some events that can impact timing may be unpredictable. In particular, certain operations by a content-presentation device may involve matching received content with specific expected content as determined by one or another component of the content-modification system, in order to confirm proper conditions are met for the content-presentation device to proceed with, or continue, content-modification operations. It can happen the matching procedure becomes subject or susceptible to timing irregularities, or jitter. In some instances, jitter may impact the ability to derive the benefits of content modification. Accordingly, example embodiments herein are directed to systems and method for compensation and/or mitigating the effects of jitter.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program product, which given in input a question in natural language format, delivers personalized insights related to the answer. Personalized insights are selected among candidate insights mined from the data and ranked based on closeness to (mined) user-preference, relevance to the question, and surprise factor. Two core components include: Question analysis and meaningful insight look up and Multi-dimensional insight ranking. The Question analysis and meaningful insights lookup module performs a semantic analysis of the questions and, uses techniques including “templates” to build new questions which could uncover insights from the data. The Multi-dimensional insight ranking module takes in input a list of insights returned from Question analysis and meaningful insights lookup and rank such insights based on such factors as: relevance to the query, surprise factor, and user preferences.

Abstract: An artificial intelligence system includes a first information processing module generating data related to a language based on social data of a first user registered in one or a plurality of social network services, and a second information processing module generating data related to an image based on social data of the first user registered in one or a plurality of social network services. The first information processing module and the second information processing module generate a virtual first user on a computer with respect to the first user.

Abstract: A system for managing web traffic comprising a meta control operating on a first processor having a first control interface and configured to generate a request for content and to transmit the request for content over a digital data network to a meta control server. The meta control server operating on a second processor and configured to receive the request for content and to select data for one or more second control interfaces as a function of data associated with the first control interface and to transmit the data for the one or more second control interfaces over the digital data network to the first control interface. The first control interface displays the data for the one or more second control interfaces and monitors user activity associated with the data.

Abstract: One high-level aspect of a content-modification system and related methods may involve facilitating content modification by a content-presentation device of received broadcast content in a controlled manner, while under circumstances in which some events that can impact timing may be unpredictable. In particular, certain operations by a content-presentation device may involve matching received content with specific expected content as determined by one or another component of the content-modification system, in order to confirm proper conditions are met for the content-presentation device to proceed with, or continue, content-modification operations. It can happen the matching procedure becomes subject or susceptible to timing irregularities, or jitter. In some instances, jitter may impact the ability to derive the benefits of content modification. Accordingly, example embodiments herein are directed to systems and method for compensation and/or mitigating the effects of jitter.

Abstract: Example methods and apparatus to replicate panelists using a local minimum solution of an integer least squares problem are disclosed. An example apparatus includes memory; and processor circuitry to execute computer readable instructions to: determine weight adjustments based on a ratio of (A) a first dot product of (i) attribute data and (ii) a difference between first aggregate panelist data and second seed panelist data, and (B) a second dot product of the attribute data and the attribute data, the first aggregate panelist data based on the attribute data, the attribute data corresponding to a seed panel; determine weight estimates based on the weight adjustments, the weight estimates to replicate respective seed panelists in the seed panel; and replicate respective ones of the seed panelists based on the weight estimates to generate a synthetic audience representative of return path data reported by a plurality of media devices.

Abstract: Techniques for splitting a query into native query operations and post-processing operations are provided. In one embodiment, a user query including a plurality of search parameters is received. Expressions representing the plurality of search parameters in the user query are determined. A first subset and a second subset of the expressions are identified. Each expression of the first subset corresponds to one of a plurality of native query operations executable by a database platform, and each expression of the second subset corresponds to one of a plurality of predefined post-processing operations not executable by the database platform. A database query is generated based on one or more expressions of the first subset, and a post-processing query is generated based on each expression in the second subset. The database query is executed by the database platform, then the post-processing query is executed on the results from database platform.

Abstract: Aspects described herein may allow for generating a customized price rating using a machine learning algorithm. This may have the effect of improving the display of information about merchants by including customized, personalized price ratings that better reflect the tastes and preferences of a user or group of users. According to some aspects, these and other benefits may be achieved by using a machine learning model, trained to receive input corresponding to both user data and merchant data and output an indication of customized price rating(s) for the merchant that is specific to one or more users, and then to generate information about the merchant for display that includes the customized price rating(s).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for personalizing a search of a search service. The search service comprises a search index with content items of a search type being used as first search results for first search queries issued by the client application and providing second search queries to be executed for retrieving second search results to be returned in reply to the first search queries. The method comprises using social media content items retrieved from social media services for extracting a set of keywords comprised by the social media content items. A second search query modified, wherein the modifying comprises adding keywords of the set keywords as additional search parameters of the determined second search query.

Abstract: A schema consistency mechanism monitors data ingested by a data intake and query system for changes to the structure, or data schema, associated with the data. A schema consistency monitor obtains data from a data source (or, more generally, from any number of separate data sources) at a plurality of points in time. The data is analyzed to determine whether a first portion of the data received at a first point in time conforms to a first data schema and that a second portion of the data received at a second point in time conforms to a second data schema that is different from the first data schema (thereby indicating a change to the associated data schema). A graphical user interface (GUI) can be generated that includes indications of identified changes to one or more data schemas associated with data.

Abstract: In an online fashion community system (100) users provide personal image content, such as digital user fashion images (104, 700) that include users themselves modeling multiple fashion items as an ensemble, as the basis of community interaction. Users also provide information about the multiple fashion items, including information linking (108) to a provider of each fashion item and fashion data (106) such as brand, color, style, etc. User interface system (116) allows users to search among, access, and interact about the user fashion ensembles.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus connected to a user terminal that receives input from a user, includes a memory; and a processor. The processor is configured to execute obtaining input information input into the user terminal; searching for response information corresponding to the input information; responding to the user terminal with a response message based on the response information corresponding to the input information; obtaining an access target to be accessed by the user terminal in order for the user terminal to receive the input of the input information by the user; and changing the search by the searching or a response by the responding based on the access target.

Abstract: Provided are a mediating apparatus and a mediating method, and a computer-readable recording medium thereof. The mediating method includes: receiving a plurality of images from a first user; generating at least one new image by referring to the plurality of received images; extracting a feature of a face included in the at least one generated new image; searching for a second user corresponding to the feature that has been extracted; and providing the first user with information about the second user.

Abstract: A response device includes a data acquirer configured to acquire data to which metadata is added, a database register configured to generate a tag on the basis of the metadata and register the generated tag in a database in association with the data to which the metadata is added, an utterance content interpreter configured to interpret content of an utterance of a user, a searcher configured to search the database using the tag included in the utterance content when an intention to search for the data has been interpreted by the utterance content interpreter, and a responder configured to cause an outputter to output information according to a search result of the searcher.

Abstract: A server accesses a plurality of users' sessions with the web server. Each user session indicating a page flow of a corresponding user session for a plurality of web pages provided by the web server. The server generates a learning model using a neural network based on the plurality of users' sessions. The learning model is configured to predict a next user activity based on a current page flow of a current user session. The next user activity indicating one of continuing the current user session by visiting another web page provided by the web server and ending the current user session. The server dynamically adjusts a content of a web page based on the predicted next user activity.

Abstract: Systems and methods include, responsive to a Wi-Fi client device providing a password for a zone of a Wi-Fi network, determining a status of the Wi-Fi client device; when the status is unknown, placing the client device in a holding area associated with the zone, wherein the client device is connected to the Wi-Fi network while in the holding area and has restricted access that is less than full access to the zone in an allowed zone; responsive to placing the client device in the holding area, causing a notification to an administrator that the client device is in the holding area; and with the client device in the holding area, one of moving the Wi-Fi client device to the allowed area, moving the client device to a rejected area for the zone, and leaving the client device in the holding zone, based on any input or lack thereof.