Abstract: The present application provides a near field information transmission method and system, an information transmitting client, an information receiving client, and an information system. The information transmitting client transmits an acquisition request to the information system. The information transmitting client receives a random number that corresponds to the acquisition request and is returned by the information system. The random number corresponds to the information of said information transmitting client. The information transmitting client uses the random number as a service set identifier of a hotspot, and the service set identifier is broadcast through a beacon frame of a wireless communication protocol. The present techniques conduct near field information transmission conveniently and accurately.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method, system and computer program product for replication control using eventually consistent meta-data. In an embodiment of the invention, a method for replication control using eventually consistent meta-data is provided. The method includes replicating data in a replication data processing system of nodes coupled to one another over a computer communications network. The method also includes replicating meta-data representing the state of the replication data processing system into a data structure of eventually consistent meta-data. Finally, the method includes managing the replication of the data according to the replicated meta-data.

Abstract: A method of managing a plurality of client nodes in a network is disclosed. A plurality of domains is provided in the network, each domain isolating data from other domains. A plurality of applications is also provided, each application of the plurality of applications allowed to operate in one or more of the plurality of domains. Each of the plurality of client nodes is allowed to operate in one or more of the plurality of domains. The method includes assigning the plurality of applications to the plurality of client nodes, such that each application of the plurality of applications is assigned to a client node that is allowed to operate in a domain that the application is allowed to operate in.

Abstract: The present disclosure involves systems, software, and computer implemented methods for preventing reader starvation in a distributed system. One example method includes receiving, at a node that manages a data stream, a write-intent request from a writer for a first partition, the data stream associated with a graph that includes levels of partitions including a current level; identifying the first partition for the writer; providing partition information for the first partition to enable the writer to write to the first partition; determining that the writer has previously written to a second partition associated with the current level; in response to determining that the writer has previously written to the second partition: creating a new current level; associating the first partition with the new current level; identifying partitions associated with the current level; and providing a close-level instruction to each local node that includes a partition associated with the current level.

Abstract: An information management method for a testing network framework is provided. The testing network framework includes a first server and at least one computer. The method includes the following steps. Firstly, the at least one computer downloads and executes a test application program. Then, the at least one computer is connected to the first server, and provides a device identification code and a network address value of the at least one computer to the first server. If the first server judges that the corresponding device identification code complies with a first default condition and the corresponding network address value complies with a second default condition, the corresponding computer is authenticated, and a test setting information is provided from the first server to the corresponding computer. After the test setting information is downloaded to the corresponding computer, a test process is performed.

Abstract: Enhanced mesh network performance is provided by computation of a path metric with respect to multi-hop paths between nodes in a mesh network and determination of a path through the mesh network that is optimal according to the path metric. Information is communicated in the mesh network according to the determined path. Nodes in the mesh network are enabled to communicate via one or more wireless links and/or one or more wired links. The path metric optionally includes an effective bandwidth path metric having elements (listed from highest to lowest conceptual priority) including an inverse of a sustainable data rate, a number of wireless links, and a number of wireless and wired links. The sustainable data rate is a measure of communication bandwidth that is deliverable by a path for a period of time. Accounting is made for interference between contiguous wireless links operating on the same channel.

Abstract: Systems and methods associated with performing checkpoint and build processing associated with a continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipeline. In one embodiment, an exemplary method may include identifying an outside dependence for a new cloud process to be integrated into a CI/CD build of a CI/CD pipeline, determining on a periodic or ongoing basis whether a current status of the outside dependence identifies it as incomplete such that a new cloud process would not perform as desired until the dependence is complete, preventing the new cloud process from being integrated into the CI/CD build until the current status indicates that the outside dependence is complete, and integrating the new cloud process into the CI/CD build when the current status indicates that the outside dependence is complete.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods of sending, to a policy control unit of a mobile communications network, congestion information for a plurality of mobile entities (MEs) are described. Each of the MEs being connected to a respective radio access network (RAT) and associated with the policy control unit, the congestion information indicates congestion of the respective RAT. The disclosure includes a congestion monitoring unit aggregating the congestion information for at least some of the MEs based on the respective MEs being associated with the policy control unit, and sending a message including the aggregated congestion information to the policy control unit. A congestion monitoring unit is configured to aggregate the congestion information for at least some of the MEs based on the respective MEs being associated with the policy control unit, and an interface configured to send the message including the aggregated congestion information to the policy control unit.

Abstract: A main device for use in a computer network, wherein the computer network has a topology and comprises a plurality of interconnected devices, wherein each of the plurality of interconnected devices comprises device information and at least one network port, wherein the devices are interconnected with the computer network by network links, each network link connecting two respective network ports, wherein the main device is interconnected with at least one of devices by a connection, and configured to obtain network information, wherein the network information comprised the topology of the computer network and the device information of the plurality of interconnected devices in the network, retrieve a stored network model, wherein the network model comprises a defined topology of the computer network and defined device information, and compare the network information with the network model to provide the differences between the network information and the network model as distinction data.

Abstract: Placement of instances of virtual machine (VM) images in a cloud computing environment is optimized. A request is received to deploy a new VM image instance. VM resource usage profiles are read that indicate predicted resource consumption data of the VM image. Resource pool profiles for multiple resource pools are read that indicate predicted resource consumption data for the resource pools. For each of the resource pools, the VM resource usage profile is aligned with the respective resource pool profile. An aggregated resource consumption profile is calculated as an aggregation of the predicted resource consumptions of the aligned profiles. A determination is made of one of multiple resource pools with the least predicted aggregated resource consumption, and the VM image is instantiated on the determined one of the multiple resource pools with the least predicted aggregated resource consumption over time.

Abstract: Some embodiments of an entitlement model have been presented. In one embodiment, a centralized server distributes copies of an operating system from a software vendor to a set of virtual guests of a virtual host running on a physical computing machine. The centralized server and the physical computing machine are coupled to each other within an internal network of a customer of the software vendor, whereas the centralized server has access to the software vendor external to the internal network of the customer. The centralized server may interact with a hypervisor of the physical computing machine to determine what type of license of the operating system the virtual host has and a number of copies of the operating system requested by the virtual guests.

Abstract: Technology is described for sharing device capabilities between a plurality of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. A first IoT device within a localized network may identify a desired device capability that is capable of augmenting device capabilities of the first IoT device. The first IoT device may identify a second IoT device within the localized network that possesses the desired device capability. The first IoT device may identify the second IoT device using a registry of device capabilities stored in the localized network. The first IoT device may obtain access to the desired device capability of the second IoT device to augment the device capabilities of the first IoT device.

Abstract: A firewall cluster comprises three or more firewall processing nodes, which report primary node status based on the reporting node's membership in a preexisting cluster. A controller uses the reported status to assign a primary node in the distributed firewall cluster. Reported primary node status includes reported primary node eligibility if the node is a member of a preexisting cluster, reported primary node status comprising reporting primary node ineligibility if the node is not a member of a preexisting cluster, reported primary node status if the node is a primary node in a preexisting cluster, and reported primary node eligibility in a node that has timed out.

Abstract: Computer systems and methods for improving a computer's ability to interface with a user to configure one or more internetworking services provided by a first group of computers for a second group of computers using a pictorial graph with nodes that represent logical network objects.

Abstract: A peer configuration system provides a configuration file via peer-to-peer networking. A master device stores a peer configuration. Whenever any peer device requires configuration, the peer device assumes a slave role and queries the master device to retrieve the peer configuration. The peer configuration is thus propagated via peer-to-peer networking to the peer device. The peer device boots-up using the peer configuration retrieved from the master device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method, device and computer program product for storing data. The method comprises obtaining a first range of replica levels supported by a storage apparatus, wherein the replica level indicates the number of replicas of data. The method further comprises receiving a replica configuration requirement for an application, wherein the application supports a second range of replica levels. Moreover, the method further comprises determining a first replica level for the storage apparatus and a second replica level for the application based on the replica configuration requirement, the first range and the second range. By extracting the replica function supported by the storage apparatus, embodiments of the present disclosure can configure replica levels of the storage apparatus and the application from the global level for the user requirement for replicas of the data service.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for hot swapping one or more module devices on a single host device. A module device can perform module-specific tasks that are defined in its module software driver. Using one or more application programming interfaces, the host device communicates with the module device's module software driver to allow the module device to perform module-specific tasks while removably connected to the host device.

Abstract: A status data repository operable with a distributed processing environment including a plurality of processing regions. The status data repository includes a data storage unit adapted to store status data representative of the availability of the plurality of processing regions. The status data repository is adapted to share stored status data with a client device so as to enable the client device to obtain information regarding the availability of one or more of the plurality of processing regions.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to automatically updating of zoning information in a SAN. In an example, a network switching device in a SAN may automatically detect a new HBA port at a port where a prior HBA port was coupled. In response to detecting, network switching device may automatically determine a zone that the prior HBA port belonged to, from a map database on network switching device that stores mapping information comprising an ID of the prior HBA port, an ID of the port, a zone name associated with the ID of the port, and a status of the zone. In response to determining, network switching device may automatically update zoning information on network switching device to replace the ID of the prior HBA port with an ID of the new HBA port, for the zone that the prior HBA port belonged to.

Abstract: A storage node administration device enables setting a logical capacity of a storage region based on an I/O performance value of a storage node. In a distributed data storage system, the storage node administration device includes a setting unit setting at least one reference node from a plurality of storage nodes having different I/O performances, dividing a storage region of the storage nodes other than the reference node into a first storage region and a second storage region, referring to the I/O performance and the logical capacity of the reference node, and setting the logical capacity of each region to match the I/O performance of the storage nodes other than the reference node; a determination unit determining system configuration information which reflects a configuration change of the distributed data storage system; and a transmission unit transmitting the system configuration information to the storage nodes having different I/O performances.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, one or more systems, methods, and/or processes may receive an interrupt from a device associated with an information handling system; may retrieve an executable from the device; may store the executable via a memory medium of the information handling system; may provide a signal, to an operating system executing via at least one processor of the information handling system, that indicates that the executable was stored via the memory medium; may execute the executable via the at least one processor; may retrieve one or more of a device driver for the device and firmware for the device; and may install the one or more of the device driver for the device and the firmware for the device. In one or more embodiments, the device may include a docking station or a peripheral device, among others.

Abstract: Example implementations relate to dynamically generating an aggregation routine. For example, a computing device may include a processor. The processor may receive a data record from a particular service source of a plurality of service sources in communication with the computing device. The data record may relate to usage of the particular service source. The processor may identify at least one field associated with the data record and convert the data record to a standardized record associated with metadata based on the at least one field. The standardized record may have a standardized record format. The processor may dynamically generate an aggregation routine based on the standardized record and the metadata associated with the standardized record. The aggregation routine may be used to calculate usage data associated with the usage of the particular service source.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a network assurance service receives data regarding a monitored network. The service analyzes the received data using a machine learning-based model, to perform a network assurance function for the monitored network. The service detects a lowered performance of the machine learning-based model when a performance metric of the machine learning-based model is below a threshold for the performance metric. When it is determined that the lowered performance of the machine-learning based model is correlated with the sample rate of the received data, the service adjusts the sample rate of the data.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed herein for employing blockchain for managing devices. Information for the devices may be stored in a blockchain ledger on a computer system that is part of a blockchain fabric. The computer system may include memory, a network interface and a processor. The memory may store a portion of a blockchain ledger for managing a plurality of devices, wherein the blockchain ledger comprises a plurality of blocks, each block comprises a plurality of transactions, and each transaction is associated with one of the devices. The network interface may receive a transaction, wherein the transaction comprises a unique identifier and configuration information for a device. The processor may determine that the computing server is authorized to issue the transaction to update the blockchain ledger, and cause the update to the blockchain ledger using the transaction.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a basic input/output system (BIOS) update executable at an information handling system. The executable includes a BIOS image that is stored at system memory included at the information handling system. A boot sequence is initiated at the information handling system using the BIOS image stored at the system memory.

Abstract: Techniques for employing a Mains Powered Device as a proxy for communicating on behalf of a Battery Powered Device are described herein. In some examples, the Mains Powered Device may be a parent node to the Battery Powered Device in a network which operates using a Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL). The Mains Powered Device may detect and/or forward a Destination Advertisement Object (DAO) transmitted from the Battery Powered Device to a DODAG root of the network, and begin to perform subsequent transmission of DAOs on behalf of the Battery Powered Device. In this way, the Mains Powered Device updates a routing table of the DODAG root periodically to include an indication of the Battery Powered Device as existing in the network, while extending the battery life of the Battery Powered Device by transmitting DAOs on behalf of the Battery Powered Device.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, a virtual machine manager is operable to manage a virtual machine (VM) that spans a plurality of hardware appliances. The virtual machine manager receives a request to provide a service to a device, selects an application instance to provide the service to the device, and forwards the request for the service to the selected application instance. The selected application instance is running in an instance of the virtual machine associated with a first hardware appliance. The virtual machine manager determines session data associated with the service and provides the session data associated with the service to a second hardware appliance of the VM in order to enable the VM to provide high availability of the service to the device.

Abstract: A modular security control device for controlling an apparatus or an installation includes a basic control apparatus which is configured such that an apparatus or an installation which is at least connectable to the basic control apparatus is at least controllable via a sequence of a control program in the basic control apparatus, and includes a security module which is configured to provide or perform a cryptographic functionality for the basic control apparatus, where the security module is connected to the basic control apparatus by a data connection via a data interface, the basic control apparatus is configured to interact with the security module to achieve a security function of the security control device, and where the basic control apparatus is configured to query an identity and/or authenticity of the security module.

Abstract: A portable electronic device includes a transmission interface, a wireless communication circuit and microprocessor. The wireless communication circuit connects to a cloud server through the Internet. The microprocessor obtains firmware-version information and device-setting information of an electronic device through the transmission interface, and controls the wireless communication circuit to send the firmware-version information and the device-setting information to the cloud server.

Abstract: Mechanisms for SAS-free cabling in Rack Scale Design (RSD) environments and associated methods, apparatus, and systems. Pooled compute drawers containing multiple compute nodes are coupled to pooled storage drawers using fabric infrastructure, such as Ethernet links and switches. The pooled storage drawers includes a storage distributor that is coupled to a plurality of storage devices and includes one or more fabric ports and a PCIe switch with multiple PCIe ports. Under one configuration, the PCIe ports are connected to one or more IO hubs including a PCIe switch coupled to multiple storage device interfaces that are coupled to the storage devices. In another configuration, the PCIe ports are connected directly to PCIe storage devices. The storage distributor implements a NVMe-oF server driver that interacts with an NVMe-oF client driver running on compute nodes or a fabric switch.

Abstract: Provided are a computer program product, system, and method for generating a configuration page for rendering in a graphical user interface (GUI) for managing provisioning of storage resources in a storage system. A determination is made of allocation commitment certainties for virtual storage ranges to allocate from the storage system based on physical capacity in the storage system and an estimated data reduction rate. Each of the allocation commitment certainties indicates a likelihood that a corresponding of the virtual storage ranges will be available for allocation in the storage system. Visual representation of a plurality of user selectable storage spaces indicating the allocation commitment certainties for the virtual storage ranges in the user selectable storage spaces are rendered in the configuration page. A user selection graphic that when selected provisions a selected of the user selectable storage spaces in the storage system is rendered in the configuration page.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments for a distributed system for determining a server's health are disclosed. The systems and methods provide for a network controller to direct one or more servicing nodes to check the health of one or more servers, and report a health score to the network controller. The network controller may then calculate, update and maintain a health score for each server in the network from the various health scores reported to it from the servicing nodes. This allows a distributed system to be used to facilitate network operations, as a single device is not relied on for periodically determining each server's health.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer programs for verifying permissioning rights to one or more data resources associated with a data processing platform (DPP) are disclosed. An exemplary method comprises receiving an assertion statement (AS) identifying a user, a data resource and an operation performable with respect to the data resource, the operation comprising a read operation or a view operation, and applying the AS to a network database storing an access control list defining, for each of a plurality of data resources associated with the DPP, one or more users having permission to perform one or more operations on the respective data resource, wherein applying the AS is effective to determine validity of the AS in relation to the data resource identified in the AS. If the assertion is false, an error message is generated for output; if the assertion is true, the read operation or the view operation is executed.

Abstract: Techniques to establish a communication system between an administrative node, such as a remote help desk, and an instance of a managed mobile app running on a mobile device are disclosed. In various embodiments, an indication is received to establish a help desk session associated with a mobile device. A help desk library embedded in mobile app code comprising a managed mobile app installed on the mobile device is used to provide the help desk session. The help desk library is configured to provide in real time to a help desk system external to the mobile device mobile app data associated with the managed mobile app while the managed mobile app is running on the mobile device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for remotely managing and correcting implementation of configuration settings at network devices operating in the network. In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method includes transmitting, by a controller, a request to a network device of the network for a status of operation of the network device with respect at least one configuration setting available at the network device; determining, by the controller, whether the status matches an operation status provided by the at least one configuration setting; and performing, by the controller, a recovery process to adjust the implementation of the at least one configuration setting when the determining determines that the status does not match the operation status.

Abstract: A method for establishing a network controlled direct connection by a first user equipment (UE) in a communication system supporting a device to device (D2D) scheme is provided. The method includes discovering a second UE, determining to establish a direct connection with the second UE, transmitting a direct connection request message to a mobility management entity (MME), and establishing a radio resource control (RRC) connection with the MME after transmitting the direct connection request message.

Abstract: An intermediary node receives broadcasts from servers each indicating three-dimensional map tiles loaded into the server's memory using geohashes. The intermediary node updates a set of ordered lists of server identifiers based on the geohashes. The intermediary node receives a request a client device including location information and a client identifier. The intermediary node generates a client geohash based on the location information. The intermediary node identifies an ordered list using the client geohash. The intermediary node selects a server identifier from the identified ordered list based on the client identifier. The intermediary node initiates a network connection between the client and the selected server.

Abstract: Improved techniques for managing snaps of a data object hosted by a source data storage system (source) involve specifying, by the source, a set of policies for snaps of the data object that are stored on a destination data storage system (destination). The technique includes transferring the set of policies from the source to the destination, to enable the destination to implement the specified set of policies on the snaps at the destination.

Abstract: Techniques are described for orchestrating execution of multi-step recipes. In an embodiment, a method comprises receiving a request to execute a recipe specification that defines a sequence of steps to execute for a particular recipe; responsive to receiving the request to execute the recipe specification, instantiating a set of one or more recipe-level processes; wherein each recipe-level process in the set of one or more recipe-level processes manages execution of a respective instance of the particular recipe; triggering, by each recipe-level process for the respective instance of the particular recipe managed by the recipe-level process, execution of the sequence of steps; wherein triggering execution of at least one step in the sequence of steps by a recipe-level process comprises instantiating, by the recipe-level process, a plurality of step-level processes to execute the step on a plurality of target resources in parallel.

Abstract: Software is used to allow inputs to a microcontroller to have primary and alternate functions, which reduces the need for additional inputs and associated conductors in a programmable device such as a warning signal light. The microcontroller firmware includes a routine that detects the state of inputs during a first predetermined period of time after initialization of the microcontroller. The state of the inputs is used to activate alternate modes of operation in which changes in the state of the inputs is detected and used for functions different than a function associated with the same input in another mode of operation.

Abstract: Technologies for secure input/output device activation include a compute device to identify an attempt to activate an input/output device of the compute device, notify a controller of the compute device of the attempt to activate the input/output device via a communication channel that is out-of-band relative to an operating system of the compute device, determine whether to authorize activation of the input/output device based on a security policy, and allow the input/output device to resume activation in response to a determination that the security policy authorizes the activation. The security policy indicates whether one or more applications are authorized to access the input/output device.

Abstract: Implementation for initializing a bare metal host to an operational hypervisor is disclosed. A method of the disclosure includes detecting, by a processing device, an application programming interface request (API) request to initiate configuration of a host operating system (OS) on a host. The method also includes receiving, by the processing device, from a virtualization management system, a request to install the host to a hypervisor with a defined configuration. The method further includes providing, by the processing device, a status of a configuration of the host to the virtualization management system in view of the defined configuration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for improving transmission of voice packets over a network are provided. The systems and methods include a few central internet data centers (IDCs) which include a routing controller and an access controller. The system also includes a number of edge IDCs. Each edge IDC includes a last mile optimizer and a relay server. The last mile optimizer operates along with an application located on the users' devices and the access controller in the central IDCs to identify the best edge server for the particular device to connect to. The edge servers continually monitor pathway performance once the call is in progress. If an error is detected, then the server may automatically transition to back-up pathways rapidly to minimize call performance disruption.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and/or techniques for mitigating attacks on an IoT device at a gateway device may be provided. The gateway device may receive a communication directed to an Internet of Things (IoT) device and forward it to the IoT device. The IoT device may indicate to the gateway device that the communication is associated with an attack and send the gateway device a sleep time period and a request to change a filtering rule set at the gateway device. The gateway device may change the filtering rule set and receive another communication directed to the IoT device. If the another communication is valid based on the filtering rule set with the change and a number of valid packets is less than a threshold, and the sleep time period has expired, the gateway device may send another communication to the IoT device.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a server program hot upgrading method comprising following steps: the server controlling a processing instance A which is currently running to stop receiving business requests and to continue processing a current business request when the server program upgrades; the server creating a new processing instance B by the updated server program, to process the business requests received by the processing instance B; the server controlling the processing instance A to exit after the processing instance A has finished processing the business request, and the server program finishing hot upgrading.

Abstract: A variable checkpoint mechanism in a streams manager checkpoints a streaming application based on periodic time periods for checkpoints. The variable checkpoint mechanism can take a checkpoint before a periodic time period ends when a spike is coming, or can take a checkpoint after the periodic time period ends when there is backpressure in a consistent region of the streaming application. When there is no anticipated spike coming and when there is no backpressure in a consistent region of the streaming application, the checkpoint is performed at the normal end of the periodic time period for checkpoints. In this manner the checkpoint timing of the variable checkpoint mechanism can be adjusted real-time to minimize the negative impact of checkpointing on the performance of the streaming application.

Abstract: In accordance with various implementations, a method is performed at a gateway with one or more processors, non-transitory memory, and a data interface. The method includes: obtaining a request to instantiate a tunnel for data from a guest service provider (GSP) to a user device that traverses an operator network; determining whether the request satisfies tunneling criteria, where the tunneling criteria at least includes a first criterion associated with intrinsic information associated with the operator network and a second criterion associated with extrinsic information that characterizes network resources of the network operator based on a relationship between the operator network and the GSP; instantiating the tunnel in response to determining that the request satisfies the tunneling criteria, where instantiating the tunnel includes the gateway transmitting tunnel instructions to other nodes of the operator network; and routing the data through the tunnel to transmit the data to the user device.

Abstract: The disclosed computer-implemented method for enforcing access-control policies may include (1) detecting, at a network device capable of configuring networks according to access-control policies, an attempt to connect a client to an access-controlled network, (2) identifying an access-control policy that applies to the access-controlled network, (3) configuring the access-controlled network according to the access-control policy, and (4) notifying the client that the access-controlled network is available. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: A Web Application Open Platform Interface (WOPI) server is communicatively connected to an information management (IM) server and to an online application server which acts as a WOPI client of the WOPI server. When a user wishes to open, create, or edit a document in an online application hosted by the online application server, the WOPI server is called, instead of the IM server which manages the document at the backend of an enterprise computing network. The WOPI server is configured for obtaining a working copy of the document from the IM server and providing the working copy to the WOPI client. The WOPI client provides the working copy to the online application for display on the user device. When the work is done, the working copy is sync'd back through the WOPI server to the IM server as a new draft and deleted by the WOPI server.

Abstract: A variable checkpoint mechanism in a streams manager checkpoints a streaming application based on periodic time periods for checkpoints. The variable checkpoint mechanism can take a checkpoint before a periodic time period ends when a spike is coming, or can take a checkpoint after the periodic time period ends when there is backpressure in a consistent region of the streaming application. When there is no anticipated spike coming and when there is no backpressure in a consistent region of the streaming application, the checkpoint is performed at the normal end of the periodic time period for checkpoints. In this manner the checkpoint timing of the variable checkpoint mechanism can be adjusted real-time to minimize the negative impact of checkpointing on the performance of the streaming application.