Abstract: The execution environment provides for scalability where components will execute in parallel and exploit various patterns of parallelism. Dataflow applications are represented by reusable dataflow graphs called map components, while the executable version is called a prepared map. Using runtime properties the prepared map is executed in parallel with a thread allocated to each map process. The execution environment not only monitors threads, detects and corrects deadlocks, logs and controls program exceptions, but also data input and output ports of the map components are processed in parallel to take advantage of data partitioning schemes. Port implementation supports multi-state null value tokens to more accurately report exceptions. Data tokens are batched to minimize synchronization and transportation overhead and thread contention.

Abstract: A client device receives streaming content from a host device. The streaming content is placed in one or more buffers prior to processing. Monitoring as to the capacity and fullness of the buffers is performed at the client device and information is sent to the host device. The host device adjusts the rate or flow of the streaming content based on the information provided by the client device.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for controlling congestion in a network such as a Fibre Channel network. According to some implementations, a node within a network fabric detects congestion caused by an edge device outside of the fabric and notifies the edge device of the congestion. The edge device applies a congestion reaction mechanism in response to the notification. In some implementations, the congestion reaction mechanism is applied on a per-exchange basis, in order to mitigate congestion caused by a particular operation.

Abstract: An access point configured to connect a station to a wireless network includes a wireless communication unit configured to send data to the station, and a control unit configured to adjust one or more operational parameters of the access point based on indicative parameters of a basic service set (BSS), which includes the access point and the station.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward methods and systems for monitoring resource usage in an architecture where neither the resource buyer nor the resource seller can be trusted, and for rewarding benefits, compensation, or rewards based upon such monitored resource usage data. The system rewards users who offer to share the memory, storage, or bandwidth of their computing resource to third parties within a distributed network. In an exemplary embodiment, users share processing, storage, bandwidth or memory resources with third parties by permitting such third parties to access files stored in the memory of the users' computing devices. Users that offer files for upload are encouraged to register with a central authority, and receive value each time a third party accesses a resource from their computing devices. The value awarded to each such user is tracked by the central authority. They can use the value in exchange for products or services.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing packet memory is provided. The apparatus includes an empty list, a storage buffer and apparatus for updating the storage buffer and empty list. The empty list includes a multiplicity of single bit buffers. The storage buffer includes a multiplicity of contiguous buffers, wherein each single bit buffer is associated with one of the contiguous buffers. The state of the bit of a single bit buffer indicates the empty or full state of the associated contiguous buffer and the address of a contiguous buffer is a simple function of the address or number of its associated single bit buffer. The updating apparatus stores data in and removes data from the contiguous buffers and correspondingly updates the states of the associated single bits buffers.

Abstract: A switch device has an object ID rewrite unit and a file access control unit. The object ID rewrite unit, when an original object ID is contained in a reply to be transferred, rewrites the original object ID to an information entraining object ID by inserting server identification information into the original object ID, while when the information entraining object ID is contained in a reply to be transferred, restores the information entraining object ID to the original object ID. The file access control unit includes a table for managing a combination of address information of a server and server identification information, estimating address information of a server corresponding to server identification information contained in an information entraining object of a request to be transferred with reference to the table, and determines a destination of the request on the basis of the address information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for collecting information from ports on a storage network and performing flow control is provided. The data collection method and apparatus includes, identifying a data type transported on the storage network, selecting a port-storage identifier to measure the data type transported across the storage network, monitoring the port-storage identifier on the storage network for the data type, and enumerating occurrences of the data type associated with the port-storage identifier while monitoring the port-storage identifier and the data type.

Abstract: In a method and system to generate a function presenting document data stream, at least one structured field is provided that comprises at least one data region. The structured field is provided with a padding region. Coded additional control data are stored in the padding region.

Abstract: An approach is provided for graceful shutdown and startup of spoofing when a handover procedure is performed. A handover of a performance enhancing proxy (PEP) session associated with a transport connection is detected. A shutdown procedure is initiated to stop spoofing of the transport connection in response to the detected handover. The shutdown procedure avoids teardown of the transport connection during the handover from a first link to a second link of a communication system.

Abstract: The present solution is directed towards systems and methods to more efficiently control a flow of a data stream traversing at least one intermediary on a network between a client and a server. A sender transmits a first message, comprising a first value of a bandwidth between the first intermediary and a second intermediary determined by the sender, to a first intermediary. The first intermediary establishes a next value of the bandwidth between the first intermediary and the second intermediary. The sender receives from the first intermediary responsive to the first message a second message comprising the established next value of the bandwidth between the first intermediary and the second intermediary. A data transfer manager of the sender, responsive to the second message determines a size of a portion of data queued for transmission to transmit to the first intermediary and a time for transmitting the portion of data queued.

Abstract: A computer system for media content broadcasting comprising: a content generator operable to construct content for output by dividing the content into a plurality of content segments; a template generator for generating a template comprising an order of play of the plurality of content segments; and a communication interface operable to transmit the template to one or more user devices, and upon receipt of a request for at least one of the plurality of content segments indicated in the template, transmitting the requested content segments to a content buffer of the one or more user devices.

Abstract: A method for processing data packets in a network communication environment. In response to receiving an acknowledgment (ACK) of a previously sent burst of data packets, the amount of data acknowledged is compared to the amount of data in the burst that was originally sent. If the ACK covers at least a predetermined amount (or more) of the data in the original burst, then a burst size parameter is increased for future communications; however, if the ACK covers less than the predetermined amount of the original burst, then the burst size parameter remains the same.

Abstract: A system architecture for thwarting denial of service attacks on a victim data center is described. The system includes a first plurality of monitors that monitor network traffic flow through the network. The first plurality of monitors is disposed at a second plurality of points in the network. The system includes a central controller that receives data from the plurality of monitors, over a hardened, redundant network. The central controller analyzes network traffic statistics to identify malicious network traffic. In some embodiments of the system, a gateway device is disposed to pass network packets between the network and the victim site. The gateway is disposed to protect the victim site, and is coupled to the control center by the redundant hardened network.

Abstract: Techniques for automatically creating a BGP mesh, and more specifically, an iBGP mesh, are provided. Peering information is flooded to routers within a network AS. The peering information is analyzed and a list of neighbors is created. BGP sessions are then performed with the neighbors to establish the BGP mesh.

Abstract: Reduction of peak-to-average traffic ratio in distributed streaming systems, including a large number of fractional-storage CDN servers accessed via the Internet, and storing erasure-coded fragments encoded with a redundancy factor greater than one from streaming contents, and a very large number of assembling devices obtaining the fragments from the servers in order to reconstruct the streaming contents. The assembling devices are spread over different time zones spanning at least three hours and balance the bandwidth load between the servers.

Abstract: One or more flow control modules, implemented on various types of network topologies, provide a number of functionalities for controlling the flow of IP packets (such as TCP/IP packets) over a network connection. The flow control modules may be implemented within a sender and/or receiver or may be deployed into a network as a separate device without requiring significant additional resources.

Abstract: One system distributes a request for providing a service using a first communication protocol, from a terminal device to a server selected from among a plurality of servers by a server load balancer in response to the request. A corresponding relation between identification information for identifying a session generated in a distributed server and the server that has generated the session corresponding to the identification information is set in the server load balancer by the service of a second communication protocol as uniqueness assurance information for uniqueness assurance. Thus, when the provision of a service is requested using a second communication protocol by the terminal device, the server load balancer refers to the set uniqueness assurance information and selects the server for providing the service from among the plurality of servers.

Abstract: Audio stems and video segments are downloaded and selectively included (e.g., through software) in a multimedia presentation. In some embodiments, a user may select lyric tracks for download and inclusion with the multimedia presentation. The video segments and lyrics tracks are synchronized with the audio stems within the multimedia presentation. Embodied services may include selectable and downloadable click tracks that having timing data that corresponds to other downloaded components. In some embodiments, audio stems are selectable according to a musical key.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving data in a wireless communication network are provided, in which a terminal includes a transmitter for determining a video rate using at least one of collected radio channel information and a streaming parameter received from a corresponding terminal, converting video data included in multimedia data to video streaming data using the determined video rate, and transmitting streaming data including the video streaming data, and a receiver for receiving a streaming parameter as a feedback for the transmitted streaming data from the corresponding terminal.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a reception section, a buffer section, a reproduction section, an operation reception section, a transmission section, and a control section. The reception section receives data of a content transmitted through streaming from a transmission apparatus. The buffer section buffers the received data. The reproduction section successively reads out and reproduces the buffered data. The operation reception section receives a pause operation and a resume operation regarding reproduction of the data. The transmission section transmits, in response to the pause operation and the resume operation, a pause request and a resume request regarding the reproduction to the transmission apparatus. The control section controls the buffer means to discard data overlapping data received after the resume request among the data buffered by the buffer means and buffer data identical to the discarded data, that is received after the resume request.

Abstract: A data processing system having first and second data processing apparatuses and a data communication network supporting HTTP communications to which the first and second processing apparatuses are connected and a method of exchanging electronic files between the first and second processing apparatuses. A Web server is provided running a Web application implementing a Web service accessible by the first and second processing apparatuses through Web browsers. The Web application receives a file from the first processing apparatus, and sends it to the second processing apparatus without storing it in a Web server local file. The first processing apparatus accesses the Web service via the respective Web browser, and uploads a selected file from a file system local thereto to the Web server; under responsibility of the Web application, the uploaded file is received at the Web server and, upon request by the second processing apparatus, is sent thereto.

Abstract: A method for automatically creating a complete first data path between a user interface device (UID) and a system device. The UID and the system device are coupled to a set of UID switches. The method includes providing a switch command server (SCS), which is in electronic communication with the set of UID switches. The method also includes receiving at the SCS a switch/location agnostic connectivity indication (SLACI), which is generic with respect to switch-specific command syntax. The SLACI is also received from a SLACI-origination device that is location agnostic with respect to the set of UID switches. The method further includes transmitting, automatically in response to a triggering condition, a first set of switch commands from the SCS to the set of UID switches to connect the UID and the system device connect along an available data path to form the complete first data path.

Abstract: A method of a trigger mechanism of buffer status report (BSR) and scheduling request (SR) for a media access control layer of a user equipment in a wireless communication system, the method including receiving a first data, identifying a state of semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) resource configuration and a type of the first data when the first data arrives at a transmission buffer and deciding a state of a BSR-SR triggering according to the state of SPS resource configuration, the type of the first data and a comparison between a size of a second data in the transmission buffer and a threshold.

Abstract: A method and system for establishing or handling a connection between a first and a second network element connected to different networks such as GPRS/UMTS and IP-based networks is provided. The connection is established by means of at least one third network element such as a SGSN or GGSN arranged in one of the networks. The third network element is adapted to send, when receiving information on an establishment of a connection, a request to a fourth network element which may be a Call State Control Function (CSCF), a Policy Control Function (PCF), or a Call Processing Server (CPS). The request requests permission for establishing a requested type of connection, or requests a check of a connection parameter, and specifies the first and/or second network element and/or the connection or connection type to be established. The fourth network element returns a response specifying a permission for establishing a connection or connection type, or specifying a connection parameter.

Abstract: A method and system for re-formatting computer files. The method comprises the steps of inputting a data file into a computer, and determining if the data file is compatible with the computer. If the data file is not compatible with the computer, the data file is transmitted over the Internet to a universal server; and the universal server transforms the data file into a format compatible with the computer, and sends the transformed data file back to the computer. Preferably, the universal server identifies the type of file, and transforms the file into a different format of the same type. Also, in a preferred embodiment, a user of the computer identifies user requirements, these requirements are transmitted to the universal server, and the file is reformatted in accordance with the user requirements.

Abstract: Techniques to pace the transmission of packets to multiple connections using one or more queues or storages. When multiple queues are used, each queue may have an associated throughput rate and each of the queues may have a different associated throughput rate.

Abstract: A Flow Record restriction apparatus is provided for restricting a transmission number of Flow Records while maintaining measurement information of the whole traffic. The Flow Record restriction apparatus includes: a flow generation unit 202 configured to determine a set of packets having the same attribute to be a flow of the same communication, and to generate a Flow Record based on header information of the packets for each flow; a Flow Record number restriction function unit 203 including a management buffer for temporarily storing generated Flow Records, and being configured to read the Flow Records from the management buffer and output the Flow Records; and a Flow Record transmission unit 204 configured to packetize the output Flow Records to transmit packets over the measurement network, wherein, when a number of Flow Records stored in the management buffer exceeds a preset upper limit value, the Flow Record number restriction function unit 203 aggregates a part of stored Flow Records.

Abstract: A networked computing system that is capable of detecting and coordinating the distribution of burdensome media content. The networked computing system includes one or more sending devices, one or more receiving devices, and a data communications network capable of facilitating data communications amongst all networked computing devices. In response to a sending or receiving device generating a data transfer request, an automatic determination is made as to whether the media content is burdensome to a portion of the data communications network over which the media content is to be transferred. The automatic determination may be made by a sending device, a receiving device, or another local network resource (such as a gateway). The determining device may then coordinate the media content transfer based on characteristics of the media content and available network resources.

Abstract: Provided are a time shift service apparatus and method based on multimedia information, and a multimedia reproducing apparatus using the same. The timeshift service apparatus includes: a timeshift buffering unit for storing a multimedia stream according a timeshift service requested from an outside device; a time obtaining unit for obtaining time information about times of starting and ending a timeshift service according to the timeshift service request; a memory managing unit for storing a multimedia stream, which is serviced based on the obtained time information by the time obtaining unit, in the timeshift buffering unit; and an information generating unit for generating detailed information for the multimedia stream stored in the timeshift buffering unit.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a first node configured to communicate with a second node, wherein the first node is configured to receive a first stream from the second node, receive a bridging stream from the second node, and receive the second stream from the second node, and wherein the bridging stream has a lower bit-rate than the second stream. Included is an apparatus comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method comprising transmitting a first stream at a first time, transmitting a bridging stream that has a bit-rate greater than the first stream and less than the second stream at a second time, and transmitting the second stream at a third time.

Abstract: A contents delivery system including a network player and plural network servers. When the network player transmits a contents acquisition requirement to one of the network servers, the network server detects a CPU load, and when the CPU load is judged to exceed a CPU load threshold, the network server judges whether contents which the network player requires to acquire were copied to any of network server. When the contents are judged to have been copied, the network server obtains from a HDD not only a contents URI corresponding to the copied contents but also a server ID corresponding to the network server in which the contents were copied and subsequently transmits the contents URI and the server ID to the network player. The network player a contents acquisition requirement to obtain contents, which corresponds to the contents URI, to the network server, which corresponds to the server ID.

Abstract: A network relay apparatus installed with a TCP shaper has a packet converter that changes an ACK number of a confirmation reply packet in response to downstream data transmitted from a WAN side host to a lower value while transferring the packet.

Abstract: A system for protocol processing in a computer network has an intelligent network interface card (INIC) or communication processing device (CPD) associated with a host computer. The INIC provides a fast-path that avoids protocol processing for most large multi-packet messages, greatly accelerating data communication. The INIC also assists the host for those message packets that are chosen for processing by host software layers. A communication control block for a message is defined that allows DMA controllers of the INIC to move data, free of headers, directly to or from a destination or source in the host. The context is stored in the INIC as a communication control block (CCB) that can be passed back to the host for message processing by the host. The INIC contains specialized hardware circuits that are much faster at their specific tasks than a general purpose CPU.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for communicating using a device having a Palm OS. SMB is preferentially used to communicate with a node, and if use of SMB is not possible, FTP is used, and if use of FTP is not possible, Bluetooth is used. If FTP or Bluetooth is selected as the protocol, file sharing between the device and node that entails a read or write is executed by temporarily copying a file to an internal Palm OS memory of the device, performing the read or write on the file, and then copying the file back to the node to overwrite a previous version of the file at the node. For non-Palm OS file transfer to the internal memory, the file is wrapped in a Palm OS stream in the internal memory for executing reads or writes. For file transfer to an expansion Palm OS memory card, byte-to-byte copying of the file is executed using the FAT of the expansion memory, with the file being transferred through an internal Palm OS memory of the device.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and configured storage media are provided for flexible data mirroring. In particular, the invention provides many-to-one data mirroring, including mirroring from local servers running the same or different operating systems and/or file systems at two or more geographically dispersed locations. The invention also provides one-to-many data mirroring, mirroring with or without a dedicated private telecommunications link, and mirroring with or without a dedicated server or another server at the destination(s) to assist the remote mirroring unit(s). In addition, the invention provides flexibility by permitting the use of various combinations of one or more external storage units and/or RAID units to hold mirrored data. Spoofing, SCSI and other bus emulations, and further tools and techniques are used in various embodiments of the invention.

Abstract: A closed-loop voice-over-Internet-Protocol (VoIP) system has a local and a remote VOIP application. Each VOIP application monitors incoming packet arrival times and durations of audio data in the incoming packets to estimate bandwidth. The bandwidth estimates are forwarded to the other VOIP application. The forwarded bandwidth estimates are compared to a sending bandwidth. When the bandwidth estimate is above the sending bandwidth, compression and audio-frame decimation are reduced to improve voice quality. When the bandwidth estimate falls below the sending bandwidth, audio compression and decimation are increased to improve efficiency. Packet size can also be increased. Congestion estimates can also be sent with the audio data, causing packet transmission to pause until congestion ends. Incoming packet latencies are compared to a moving average to determine the congestion estimate, while bandwidth estimates are made by comparing packet audio duration to time between packet arrivals.

Abstract: A method and device for synchronization and rate control of media data comprising adaptively computing an offset time using the reference time of a server, a local time of a client, and an associated time for presentation of the data, stamping the offset time on the media data, receiving the offset time stamped media data into a first buffer, processing the offset time stamped media data, computing an altered offset time, including the altered offset time with the processed media data, storing the processed media data in a second buffer, and selectively supplying the processed media data to a presentation sink unit according to the altered offset time, the server reference time, and the associated time of the media data.

Abstract: Embodiments related to retransmission are described and depicted.

Abstract: A method and system for remote session control of IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) sessions, wherein media is established using one or more devices, and multi-media session/session control for multi-media session is provided by a device which may or may not be the same as the device on which the media is established. A method and system is also provided to transfer media from one device to one or more devices retaining multi-media session/session control on a transferring device.

Abstract: The invention relates to insertion and removal of MPA markers and RDMA CRCs in RDMA data streams, after determining the locations for these fields. An embodiment of the invention comprises a host interface, a transmit interface connected to the host interface, and a processor interface connected to both transmit and host interfaces. The host interface operates under the direction of commands received from the processor interface when processing inbound RDMA data. The host interface calculates the location of marker locations and removes the markers. The transmit interface operates under the direction of commands received from the processor interface when processing outbound RDMA data. The transmit interface calculates the positions in the outbound data where markers are to be inserted. The transmit interface then places the markers accordingly.

Abstract: Hybrid tree/mesh overlays for data delivery involve using a tree overlay network and a mesh overlay network to delivery a data stream via a push mechanism and a pull mechanism, respectively. In an example embodiment, a network node enters a mesh overlay network and attaches to a tree overlay network. In operation, the network node receives data blocks of a data stream over the tree overlay network via a push mechanism. The network node ascertains if a data block is not received over the tree overlay network. If a data block is missing, the network node retrieves the missing data block over the mesh overlay network via a pull mechanism. In another example embodiment, the tree overlay network includes a subset of nodes forming a tree-based backbone. Network nodes that are identified as being stable may join the backbone and provide the data stream to other nodes.

Abstract: Monitoring a connection between computer system layers includes detecting that an aspect is being modified in a transactional layer of an enterprise resource computing system that further includes an analytical layer configured to receive data from the transactional layer. In response to the detection, it is determined whether at least one of several decoupling components, configured for use by the analytical layer in receiving the data, is implicated by the aspect. A predefined output is made to a user based on the determination. An enterprise resource computing system includes a transactional layer and an analytical layer, and decoupling components for use by the analytical layer in receiving the data. Upon an aspect of the transactional layer being modified, a predefined output is made to a user based on a determination of whether any of several decoupling components is implicated by the aspect.

Abstract: A communication apparatus, in a communication network in which a plurality of routes can be set with respect to a destination, acquires a line condition of a communication line in each route, calculates a communication cost of each route, based on the line condition of the communication line in the route, and selects a route from the plurality of routes based on the communication cost calculated. The line condition is acquired at regular intervals to thereby update the communication cost.

Abstract: A method and system for real-time streaming over a peer-to-peer (grid) network. The system is capable of controlling the peers in the network, guaranteeing the overall channel quality, and guaranteeing a secure media delivery over a packet-based network.

Abstract: The invention is directed towards routing a packet using both IPSec and common routing protocols within dynamic network topologies in a VPN. The routing of IPSec packets employs Open System Interconnection (OSI) layer three information. In one embodiment, a tree mechanism is used for looking up layer three information that may be associated with a protected subnetwork. When a packet is identified as being associated with a protected subnetwork, the packet may be encrypted and encapsulated, including the original destination and source IP address header information within another packet employing the IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) protocol. New source and destination IP addresses are provided for the new packet using IP addresses associated with an entry gateway and an exit gateway to the VPN. The new packet may then be routed through the VPN using traditional routing protocols.

Abstract: Method and system for transmitting packets of different data types from a sender client to a receiver client over a server client connection established in a packet switched network, where a transport protocol connection for each data type to be transmitted is established between the sender client and the receiver client using the server client, the data transfer rate of one or more data type connections are measured at the server client, which transfer rate is sent as feedback information to the sender client, the sending rate at the sender client is adapted based on the feedback information from the server client and the transfer rate measured by the sender client, data types are prioritized in priority and non-priority delay sensitive data types by marking the data packets, non-priority data type packets are dropped at the sender client if the transport connections dedicated for non-priority data are too busy to send more data, the individual data types are separately buffered at the server, non-priority d

Abstract: A packetized data receiver establishes at the beginning of receiving each respective stream a buffer length for sending packets to higher levels of a protocol stack in the event that a packet is missed. This can be done by requesting retransmission of the first packet and measuring the actual time delay between request and receipt of the retransmitted packet.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for buffering enterprise messages are described herein. In one embodiment, an exemplary process is provided to transmit, from a messaging server to a client, a first message indicating a size of a next enterprise message to be sent to the client. A second message is received from the client in response to the first message, where the second message indicates a buffer size available to store messages for the client. The next enterprise message is then delivered to the buffer of the client if the size of the next enterprise message is smaller than or equal to the size of the available buffer of the client. Other methods and apparatuses are also described.

Abstract: Elements of the present invention relate to systems and methods for controlling the transmission rate of HTTP streaming processes with an intelligent HTTP client.