Abstract: A method for operating a station for serial data transmission using data frames in a communication network, configured to perform a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) method, includes performing a first priority resolution for a specific first data frame to be transmitted on a communication channel, and establishing whether the specific first data frame to be transmitted has a highest priority. The method also includes performing a first backoff if the specific first data frame has the highest priority, transmitting the specific first data frame if the communication channel is free after the backoff, and raising the priority of the specific first data frame, in the absence of acknowledgement of the transmission of the specific data frame, to a priority level that is used exclusively for untransmitted data frames.

Abstract: A smart NIC (Network Interface Card) is provided with features to enable the smart NIC to operate as an in-line NIC between a host's NIC and a network. The smart NIC provides pass-through transmission of network flows for the host. Packets sent to and from the host pass through the smart NIC. As a pass-through point, the smart NIC is able to accelerate the performance of the pass-through network flows by analyzing packets, inserting packets, dropping packets, inserting or recognizing congestion information, and so forth. In addition, the smart NIC provides a lightweight transport protocol (LTP) module that enables it to establish connections with other smart NICs. The LTP connections allow the smart NICs to exchange data without passing network traffic through their respective hosts.

Abstract: A distributed load balancer in which a router receives packets from at least one client and routes packet flows to multiple load balancer (LB) nodes according to a per-flow hashed multipath routing technique. For a given packet flow, the LB nodes randomly select a server node as a target for the packet flow from among multiple server nodes and send a connection request to the server node. A load balancer module on the server node makes the decision on whether to accept or reject the connection based on one or more metrics indicating a respective server's current load. If the module accepts the connection request, a connection is established between the server and the client. Otherwise, the load balancer nodes may select another server node and try again. The connections established between clients and servers pass through the load balancer nodes, but are not terminated at the load balancer nodes.

Abstract: Leveraging multiple network interfaces, such as Wi-Fi and cellular, on mobile devices can improve user experience for various applications. Deadline-aware MPTCP scheduling can complement existing MPTCP scheduler. The deadline-aware MPTCP scheduler can dynamically select transmission paths to minimize cellular usage while satisfying data transfer deadlines. The deadline-aware MPTCP scheduler can also address several challenges, such as determining the appropriate traffic pattern over cellular paths, designing proper APIs between MPTCP and applications, and making the scheduler functionality robust and lightweight.

Abstract: Solutions for controlling data exposure among computing entities are described. A data transfer agent (DTA) module includes a data payload portion to store information content conditionally transferable to at least one other DTA module, and a code portion containing instructions that operationally implement: a DTA connectivity link to the at least one other DTA module; an attestation module to obtain, via the DTA connectivity link, attestation from each of the at least one other DTA module indicating a data output connectivity configuration of that other DTA module; and a decision module to determine a degree of permissible interaction with each of the at least one other DTA module based the attestation and on decision criteria.

Abstract: A method for serving an aggregate flow in a communication network node includes a plurality of individual flows. The method includes identifying in the aggregate flow, based on serving resources allocated to the network node, individual flows that may be served without substantial detriment to perceived performance, and serving the identified individual flows with priority with respect to the remaining individual flows in the aggregate flow. The method allows the presence of individual flows that may not be served without substantial detriment to perceived performance due to shortage of serving resources to be notified to an external control entity.

Abstract: Embodiments provide quality of service for media content delivery over capacity-constrained communications links to user devices by exploiting usage models and path awareness. For example, one or more uncongested beams can be identified as preceding one or more congested beams (e.g., by computing a congestion map) along a predicted transport path of a user device moving through a multi-beam satellite communications system. A prediction can be made as to one or more future requests that are likely to be made by the user device for pre-positionable types of media content, and that are likely to be serviced by one of the subsequent congested beams. When such a request for pre-positionable media content is predicted, embodiments can schedule transmission of at least a portion of the media content over one or more of the preceding uncongested beams for storage local to the user device, thereby pre-positioning the content at the client prior to reaching the congested beam.

Abstract: A method sending a first data burst from a base station via a wireless network to a communication device. The first data burst includes a first portion of media content. The method also includes generating a second data burst that includes a second portion of the media content. The second data burst has a size based on potential data wastage of the second data burst, usage efficiency at the base station, or both. The method further includes sending the second data burst to the communication device according to an effective transfer rate of the media content.

Abstract: There is provided a method for operating of network cards in computing systems. The method comprises: detecting resource utilization of all network cards of computing systems connected via the one or more networks; monitoring network statistics of the network, the monitoring the network statistics including: evaluating whether a resource utilization of each network card connected to the one more networks is larger than a threshold; and determining an operation of each network card connected to the network according to and the detected resource utilization and the monitored network statistics.

Abstract: There is provided a communication status measurement device wirelessly connected to a public network and communicating with a server connected to the public network through a communication channel determined in advance. A measurement unit repeatedly measures a time since a dummy packet is transmitted to the server until an acknowledgement packet corresponding to the dummy packet is received. A pattern calculation unit calculates a pattern obtained by removing a component at frequencies more than a first frequency from a pattern of variations in a measured value. An RTT acquisition unit that acquires a round trip time, which is used to calculate an actual bandwidth of the communication channel, on a basis of the calculated pattern. An implementation unit implements a virtual private network in the communication status measurement device itself. The dummy packet is transmitted and the acknowledgement packet is received via the virtual private network and the public network.

Abstract: A priority for one or more source components can be determined for use in providing metadata for a composite media presentation. For example, an audio component containing or associated with a text transcript may be prioritized based on a gain value, gain differential, and/or frequency range associated with the audio component, with data indicating the priority stored in a computer-readable medium. When transcript or other metadata is provided for the composite media presentation, the priority information can be used to select how (or whether) data or metadata associated with each component will be used in providing transcript metadata for the presentation as a whole.

Abstract: A method and device for adjusting contention window value adaptively are disclosed. The method comprises the following steps: the number n of stations participated in a contention currently is measured; according to the number n of stations participated in the contention currently, a practical collision probability Pc of a current contention window value CWold and optimal collision probability Pcopt, under the maximum network throughput are acquired; when a data frame is sent successfully, an initial contention window value CWinit is adjusted according to the practical collision probability Pc and optimal collision, probability Pcopt; when a data frame is sent unsuccessfully, a retransmission contention window value CWnew adjusted according to said practical collision probability Pc. The above solution can better reflect network collision situation, adaptively adjust an initial contention window value and retransmission contention window value jointly.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for providing control information for multi-carrier uplink transmission are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may set a happy bit for enhanced dedicated channel (E-DCH) transmissions on each uplink carrier considering aggregated transmission capability over all uplink carriers. The happy bit is set to “unhappy” if the WTRU is transmitting as much scheduled data as allowed by a current serving grant, the WTRU has enough power available to transmit at a higher rate, and total E-DCH buffer status (TEBS) requires more than a pre-configured period to be transmitted with a current effective data rate aggregated over all uplink carriers. The WTRU may send scheduling information including power headroom measured on the anchor uplink carrier and/or power headroom measured on the supplementary uplink carrier. For power headroom measurements, the WTRU may initiate a short-lived dedicated physical control channel loop on the supplementary carrier.

Abstract: A method for data storage includes, in a system that includes one or more storage controllers, multiple servers and multiple multi-queue storage devices, assigning in each storage device server-specific queues for queuing data-path storage commands exchanged with the respective servers. At least some of the data-path storage commands are exchanged directly between the servers and the storage devices, not via the storage controllers, to be queued and executed in accordance with the corresponding server-specific queues.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for allocating computing resources according to reserved capacity. In one or more computing devices, a reserved machine instance is designated for a user in one of several zones of multiple networked computing devices. The networked computing devices include multiple machine instances in each of the zones. A request is obtained from the user to allocate a machine instance within the networked computing devices. A zone is selected for allocating the machine instance from the zones based at least in part on the zone that is associated with the reserved machine instance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used for network management via MAC measurements. The measurements may include WTRU uplink traffic loading measurement, and an AP service loading measurement. The measurements may be applicable to at least to layers 1 and 2 as applied to, for example, 802.11k in the context of OFDM and CDMA 2000 systems, but may be applicable to other scenarios as well. A method for determining and transmitting congestion information may be provided for a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) system. The method and apparatus may be used for managing congestion when congestion is detected. The method and apparatus may be used in wireless systems that use a Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism. The methods may be implemented in wireless transmit/receive units (WTRU)s and access points (AP)s of various forms.

Abstract: A method can include transmitting a first data from a first adapter to a buffer of a channel adapter device driver at a buffer memory transfer rate. The channel adapter device driver also receives a second data at a first port of the first adapter from a host at a first time. The method also includes determining a second time to send a device end status to the host, the device end status closes a channel from the host to the first adapter. The method also includes sending the device end status to the host at the second time through the first port. The method also includes transferring the second data from the first adapter to the buffer of the channel adapter device driver.

Abstract: A method for scheduling radio resource allocation among active flows within a wireless communication network. The method includes, at each working period of the scheduling method; for each active flow, checking presence of priority data to be transmitted within the current working period. Each active flow having priority data to be transmitted within the current working period is classified as a priority active flow. The remaining active flows are classified as non-priority active flows, the non-priority active flows having non-priority data that need not to be transmitted within the current working period. Radio resources are allocated among the priority active flows, and corresponding priority data are transmitted over the respective allocated resources. After completing priority data transmission, the radio resources are allocated among the non-priority active flows and corresponding non-priority data are transmitted over the respective allocated radio resources until the end of the current working period.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for selecting a connection for a real time application. In one embodiment, a mobile device may communicate with a cellular network over a cellular connection and a WiFi network over a WiFi connection. The mobile device may determine backhaul data of the WiFi connection. The mobile device may generate a plurality of statistics from the backhaul data to generate backhaul statistics. Based on the plurality of statistics passing one or more thresholds, the mobile device may select the WiFi connection for use in a real-time application of the mobile device.

Abstract: A method for congestion control in a communications network supporting a plurality of streaming video traffics, said method comprising a learning step to associate appropriate congestion control policies, respectively, with estimated video categories from a plurality of training streaming video traffics; an estimating step of the video category of an ongoing streaming video traffic; an application step of the congestion control policy associated with the estimated video category of the ongoing streaming video traffic to the said ongoing streaming video traffic.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a source top-of-rack (ToR) switch may identify multiple destination ToR switches from a group of ToR switches to send data traffic to. The source ToR switch may be connected to the group of ToR switches via a base network. The system may determine whether each destination ToR switch is suitable for receiving data transmission via a point-to-multipoint wireless flyway. The two or more destination ToR switches that are determined to be suitable may be considered flyway candidate ToR switches. The system may establish the point-to-multipoint wireless flyway between the source ToR switch and the flyway candidate ToR switches. The system may then transmit the data traffic from the source ToR switch to each of the flyway candidate ToR switches via the point-to-multipoint wireless flyway.

Abstract: A scalable virtualized network core is provided to allow for incrementally adjusting network resources in response to changing demand, and for improved flexibility in network management and control. The scalable virtualized network core provides a cloud evolved packet core that has virtual machines performing the functions of the individual server elements. As demand for network resources changes, additional virtual machines can be brought online or virtual machines can be terminated to efficiently address the demand. An abstraction agent can be provided to facilitate the physical to logical connections so that to the perspective of elements in a radio access network, no changes have been made. The abstraction agent also facilitates network control and management of the virtual machines.

Abstract: A communication device is connected to an end of a first network of a cascade topology, and also to a second network. This communication device transmits a first list including information of communication devices, in the first network, that are destinations of transmission of frames through the first network, to an opposing communication device, in the second network, located at another end of the first network, and receives, from the opposing communication device, a second list including information of communication devices, in the first network, that are destinations of transmission of frames from the opposing communication device through the first network. The communication device determines in which of the first list and the second list a destination of a frame is included, and when the destination of the frame is included in the second list, transmits the frame to the second network.

Abstract: Systems and methods for achieving high utilization of a network link are provided. A first communication protocol can be selected for transmitting network flows of a first type. A first quality of service can be assigned to network flows of the first type. A second communication protocol can be selected for transmitting network flows of a second type. A second quality of service, lower than the first quality of service, can be assigned to network flows of the second type. A first percentage of available bandwidth can be allocated to the network flows of both the first and second types. The remaining bandwidth, plus a second percentage of available bandwidth, can be allocated to the network flows of the second type, such that the total allocated bandwidth exceeds the available bandwidth of the network link.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and physical computer-readable storage media are now provided that reduce latency and improve efficiency of a system after reboot of an Infiniband (IB) cluster. A method of rebooting an Infiniband cluster includes rebooted endpoints, which set a locally corresponding local identifier (LID). The rebooted endpoints then activate a corresponding local logical link.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer readable media for managing Diameter overload information within a telecommunications network are disclosed. One embodiment of a system for implementing the subject matter described herein includes at a virtualization orchestrator (VO) having a hardware processor and within the telecommunications network, receiving overload information, determining a network virtualization operation to perform based on the received information, and performing the network virtualization operation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a distributed disk image deployment during virtual machine instance creation, and to deploying a virtual machine instances based on disk image locality. On example method includes receiving a request to create a virtual machine instance identifying a disk image; determining one or more storage devices storing the disk image; determining a distance measurement between each of a plurality of computing nodes and the one or more storage devices storing the disk image; selecting a computing node on which to create the virtual machine instance based on a locality of the computing node to a storage device from the one or more storage devices storing the disk image, the locality including the distance measurement between the computing node and the storage device; and creating the virtual machine instance on the computing node using the disk image from the storage device.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for segregating traffic are disclosed. In accordance with one embodiment, a traffic splitter identifies a set of links coupled to the traffic splitter, where the set of links includes two or more uplinks, wherein each of the two or more uplinks are implemented in a common physical media. The two or more uplinks include a LAN uplink coupled to a LAN and a SAN uplink coupled to a SAN. The traffic splitter prevents SAN traffic from reaching the LAN via the LAN uplink. In addition, the traffic splitter prevents LAN traffic from reaching the SAN via the SAN uplink.

Abstract: Techniques for optimizing a delivery time for the delivery of messages are described. According to various embodiments, a system determines, for each of a plurality of time intervals, a likelihood of a particular member of an online social network service performing a particular member user action on a particular message content item during the corresponding time interval. The plurality of time intervals are then ranked, based on the determined likelihoods corresponding to the plurality of time intervals. Thereafter, a particular time interval is identified from among the plurality of time intervals that is associated with a highest ranking. The particular time interval is then classified as an optimum personalized message delivery time for the particular member.

Abstract: Described herein are implementations of various technologies for a method. The method may receive a request to record images. The method may send a trigger to a marine electronics device in response to receiving the request to record images. The method may receive navigational data regarding a location of the marine electronics device. The method may generate a waypoint based on the navigational data in response to the trigger.

Abstract: Methods and systems for submitting media to a media distribution site are disclosed. The submission of media to the media distribution site is able to be performed by numerous submitters in a uniform and computer-assisted manner. The submitted media can then be encoded in a largely automated manner at the media distribution site into a suitable digital form and then made available for online purchase and distribution.

Abstract: The subject matter described herein includes methods, systems, and computer readable media for providing a PCRF with an integrated openflow controller. According to one system, a policy and charging rules function (PCRF) is configured to determine policies to apply to network sessions or users. An openflow controller is integrated with the PCRF and configured to provide instructions to telecommunications network elements in an openflow protocol to implement the policies.

Abstract: Techniques for improving the performance of flow control mechanisms such as Pause are provided. The techniques provide for maintaining a fair distribution of available bandwidth while also allowing for fewer packet drops, and maximizing link utilization, in a distributed system. For example, in one embodiment, techniques are provided for achieving a fair share allocation of an egress port's bandwidth across a plurality of ingress ports contending for the same egress port.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for wireless communication are provided. The apparatus stores data packets in a buffer. In addition, the apparatus determines a delay of at least one data packet of the data packets in the buffer. Furthermore, the apparatus controls a TCP data flow rate based on the determined delay. The apparatus may also store ACKs in a second buffer and drop an ACK of the stored ACKs when one of a number of stored ACKs is greater than a first threshold or a size of the stored ACKs is greater than a second threshold.

Abstract: Methods and systems for online authentication eliminate the common username plus password combination, using instead a novel two-factor authentication that employs a mobile phone number and a one-time, limited life password. The user provides the mobile phone number to a login dialog and receives, from a service provider, the one-time password, e.g., via a text message, at the mobile device to which the phone number belongs. If the user enters the one-time password before it expires, the user is authenticated and logged in. A method for authentication or authorization to a website includes: receiving a phone number from a user via a communication network in response to a login prompt displayed to the user; transmitting a one-time password to the phone number using text messaging; and in response to receiving the one-time password back from the user, authenticating the user for transactions with the website.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer readable media for Destination-Host defined overload scope are disclosed. According to one aspect, a method for Destination-Host defined overload scope includes, at an entity for processing Diameter signaling messages: identifying at least one Diameter session as a member of an overload group; specifying an alias for use to identify the entity for processing Diameter signaling messages as a destination of Diameter messages; associating the specified alias with the overload group; and including the specified alias in messages associated with members of the overload group.

Abstract: A method for determining a position of a wireless access point, a wireless access point, and a wireless access point combination are provided. The wireless access point and a plurality of electronic devices are disposed in a space. The wireless access point moves along a predetermined route. The wireless access point receives a plurality of wireless network signals of the plurality of electronic devices at a plurality of positions on the predetermined route. The wireless access point determines relative positions of the plurality of electronic devices in the space according to the plurality of wireless network signals of the plurality of electronic devices, and then determines a signal transmitting/receiving position of the wireless access point according to the relative positions of the plurality of electronic devices in the space.

Abstract: A communication system includes a division size determining unit configured to determine a division size when update data for an application that is executed by a first communication device is divided into a plurality of pieces of data based on band information indicating a band capable of being used for communication by the first communication device, a dividing unit configured to divide the update data into a plurality of pieces of data using the division size determined by the division size determining unit, and a relevant information generation unit configured to generate relevant information relating to the pieces of data divided by the dividing unit. In the communication system, a second communication device transmits the relevant information to the first communication device, and the first communication device receives the update data divided into the division size so as to perform update in accordance with the relevant information.

Abstract: Downstream path congestion is measured in respect of a node via which a plurality of data units are traversing an end-to-end path from a sender to a receiver. Each data unit has a first indication settable in dependence on information from the receiver to each of at least two states whereby to indicate different levels of congestion experienced on the end-to-end path by data units previously received by the receiver, and a second indication settable to an initial state and to at least one updated state indicative of congestion experienced by data units on their path from the sender to said node. A plurality of data units are received at the node, and the downstream path congestion measure is determined in dependence on an inflation factor itself dependent on the proportion of a set of the data units whose second indication on receipt at the node is in the initial state.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates congestion management in a Fibre Channel (FC) network. During operation, the system determines a threshold data rate on an outgoing link coupled to an FC switch. The system further determines the number of sources that send data to the outgoing link and an aggregate arrival rate of data for the outgoing link. Next, the system determines an injection data rate for a respective source based on the threshold data rate on the outgoing link, the number of sources transmitting data to the outgoing link, and the aggregate arrival data rate for the outgoing link. Subsequently, the system communicates the injection data rate to the source, thereby allowing the source to throttle its data injection in the FC network to prevent network congestion.

Abstract: A method includes encoding video at a first bitrate to produce first encoded sections, and at a second bitrate that is less than the first bitrate to produce second encoded sections. The method further includes measuring levels of objective quality, indicative of perceptual quality, of the first and second encoded sections. The method includes determining, based on the measured objective quality levels, replaceable sections among the first encoded sections, and replacement sections among the second encoded sections, each of the replacement sections to replace a corresponding one of the replaceable sections. The method includes streaming the first encoded sections except for the replaceable sections, and the replacement sections instead of their corresponding replaceable sections.

Abstract: A method is implemented in a computer infrastructure having computer executable code tangibly embodied on a computer readable storage medium having programming instructions. The programming instructions are operable to manage workload for cloud computing by transferring workload to at least one mobile device using Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).

Abstract: A system for out-of-line testing of performance of a network, comprising a multiplexer at an input to the network; a demultiplexer at an output from the network; the multiplexer further comprising a traffic generator to insert synthetic traffic, and a first switch to accept an incoming customer traffic stream and join the incoming customer traffic stream with a synthetic traffic stream to form a total traffic stream, the total traffic stream fed to the input to the network; and the demultiplexer comprising a second switch to receive the total traffic stream from the output of the network, and separate the total traffic stream into the synthetic traffic stream and the customer traffic stream, and a traffic analyzer to analyze the separated synthetic traffic stream.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for estimating end-to-end accessibility in a voice over long term evolution network includes aggregating data, by a processor, from a plurality of sources in the network relating to calls originating from and terminating in the network, where the data indicates success rates for a plurality of procedures initiated by placement of the calls, and calculating, by the processor, a metric indicative of the end-to-end accessibility from the data.

Abstract: A method and a system for use in managing data storage is disclosed. Data storage is managed in a data storage system comprising a first and a second storage processor and a plurality of data storage devices. The first and the second storage processor having respective caches configured to mirror each other. A write I/O is received in the data storage system, wherein the write I/O is an operation for updating data storage in the data storage system. Load associated with the first and second storage processor in the data storage system is determined. The cache is bypassed and write I/O is delivered to the plurality of data storage devices in the data storage system in response to determining a heavy load associated with the first and second storage processor in the data storage system.

Abstract: A system may be configured to multiplex traffic, on a per-application basis, over multiple networks. The traffic may be multiplexed based on weights, associated with each application, and key performance indicators (“KPIs”) associated with the networks. The system may output a first proportion of traffic, associated with the application, via a first network, and may output a second proportion of traffic, associated the application, via the second network.

Abstract: A system and method for a symmetric switching fabric includes a first switching tier that includes a plurality of leaf switches, a second switching tier that includes one or more spine switches, and a plurality of interlinks for coupling the leaf switches to the spine switches. Each of the leaf switches includes one or more first ports configured to couple each of the leaf switches to other network devices outside the switching fabric and one or more second ports for coupling each of the leaf switches to each of the spine switches. A ratio of a number of first ports and a number of second ports is selected based on an oversubscription ratio. For each pair of a first switch selected from the leaf switches and a second switch selected from the spine switches, a same number of first interlinks selected from the plurality of interlinks couple the first switch to the second switch.

Abstract: In a networked multi computer environment, with redundant links, network interface cards (NICs) are commonly duplicated and teamed to provide a recovery mechanism when network components fail. Embodiments of the present inventions avoid teaming of pairs of NICs and provide a computing host with redundant network connections for the computing host through a switch that is transparent to the computing host. The computing host itself; that is, its hardware and software, is relieved of the duty of network access redundancy and returned to the simple, simplex networking operating mode. The switch replaces a potentially large number of NICs and the need for computing host network access redundancy management which leads to hardware and software cost reductions and increases the robustness and reliability of the system through redundant network access.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a switch system. The switch includes one or more ports on the switch configured to transmit packets encapsulated based on a first protocol. The switch further includes a traffic management mechanism and a control mechanism. During operation, the control mechanism forms a logical switch based on a second protocol, receives an automatically assigned identifier for the logical switch without requiring manual configuration of the identifier, and joins a virtual cluster switch.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided whereby latency between a sending device and a receiving device during network communications is reduced by adaptively and dynamically acknowledging the reception of each of a determined number of packets that are transmitted by the sending device to the receiving device over the network. In one aspect, the receiving device adaptively and dynamically acknowledges the reception of each data packet as it is received from the sending device. In another aspect, the receiving device adaptively and dynamically acknowledges the reception of a group of at least two packets as the remaining data packets are received from the sending device.