Abstract: Method, terminal, CDN server and system in IPTV system for realizing playing while downloading, the method comprises: the terminal acquires the bit rate information of the media file which the terminal requires to play from the content distribution network CDN server, the CDN server returns a first reply message to the terminal after receiving the requirement, the first reply message piggybacks the bit rate information of the media file which said terminal requires to play, the terminal determines whether said bit rate information satisfies the condition of playing while downloading, if it satisfies, the terminal requires to download the file from said CDN server which user requires while plays said media file.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to method and system for downloading and playing a media file, a client, a server, and a storage medium. The client is configured to initiate a request for acquiring a media file to the server, the request including current network connection information of the client, receive download list information from the server, the download list information identifying an ordered list of fragments extracted from the media file by the server in accordance with the current network connection information of the client, initiate a request for acquiring fragments of the media file to the server, acquire the fragments of the media file returned by the server, and play the fragments of the media file according to the order of the fragments when receiving an instruction of playing the media file. The present disclosure can simply and quickly play a media file that is not downloaded completely.

Abstract: A module for providing security to an in-vehicle communication network comprising at least one node, the module being operative to identify an anomalous message in the network indicative of exposure of the in-vehicle network to damage from a cyber attack and transmit at least one signal that alters the anomalous message so that the at least one node will discard it.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program product are provided for scanning data received from a computer network. Included is a central processing unit for processing data. Coupled between the central processing unit and a network is a network processor. Such network processor is capable of scanning data received from the network based on an update. Such network processor is further capable of receiving the update via the network.

Abstract: An exact-match flow table structure stores flow entries. Each flow entry includes a Flow Id. A flow entry is generated from an incoming packet. The flow table structure determines whether there is a stored flow entry, the Flow Id of which is an exact-match for the generated Flow Id. In one novel aspect, a programmable reduce table circuit is used to generate a Flow Id. A selected subset of bits of an incoming packet is supplied as an address to an SRAM, so that the SRAM outputs a data value. The data value is supplied to a programmable lookup circuit such that the lookup circuit performs a selected type of lookup operation, and outputs a result value of a reduced number of bits. A multiplexer circuit is used to form a Flow Id such that the result value is a part of the Flow Id.

Abstract: Various implementations described herein relate to routing network data traffic using network tunnels. In some implementations, one or more tunnels are established between a remote gateway device and a central gateway system. The central gateway system receives data traffic-to-tunnel information from the remote gateway device, and the central gateway system incorporates the data traffic-to-tunnel information in a data traffic-to-tunnel mapping. The data traffic-to-tunnel information comprises n-tuple of network flow information, network flow tags, application-to-tunnel binding information, or the like. The central gateway system receives first data traffic from the remote gateway and forwards the first data traffic to a server. Subsequently, the central gateway system receives second data traffic and forwards the first data traffic to the remote gateway device over one or more select tunnels selected from the established tunnels.

Abstract: A metrics based design method and system is disclosed. The method includes receiving by a computer processor, an informational model comprising data objects, attributes, and relationships associated with a service. The data objects comprise sub-objects. The computer processor receives business affinity (BA) band data associated with the data objects, threshold levels associated with the business affinity (BA) band data, business affinity (BA) levels associated with the business affinity (BA) band data, and service interface operation parameters. The computer processor computes a business affinity (BA) for the informational model based on the business affinity (BA) band data, the threshold levels, the business affinity (BA) levels, and the service interface operation parameters. The computer processor computes a data variation percentage and a reusability count.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer readable media for optimized message processing are disclosed. According to one exemplary method, the method includes receiving a message including header information. The method further includes determining, using the header information, whether a fast-path identification rule exists for identifying the message. The method also includes in response to determining that the fast-path identification rule does not exist, identifying the message using slow-path processing, determining the fast-path identification rule using the slow-path processing, and storing the fast-path identification rule in a memory.

Abstract: A computer includes a WAN driver that causes data to be transmitted from a guest domain to a computer to use a first protocol, a WANonTCP/IP driver and a TCP/IP driver that add identification information of the guest domain to the data and cause the data to use a second protocol, and a LAN driver that transmits the data to the line accommodation apparatus using the second protocol. The line accommodation apparatus includes a line GW control unit that acquires the identification information of the guest domain from the data, extracts a line card corresponding to the identification information, and causes the received data to use a third protocol; a line card driver that transmits the data to the computer via the extracted line card using the third protocol.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for facilitating synchronization of MAC addresses in a fabric switch. During operation, the system divides a number of media access control (MAC) addresses associated with devices coupled to an interface of the switch. The system then computes a checksum for a respective chunk of MAC addresses. In addition, the system broadcasts MAC address information of the chunk to facilitate MAC address synchronization in a fabric switch of which the switch is a member, and to manage the chunks and their corresponding checksum, thereby correcting an unsynchronized or race condition in the fabric switch.

Abstract: Technologies for packet flow classification on a computing device include a hash table including a plurality of hash table buckets in which each hash table bucket maps a plurality of keys to corresponding traffic flows. The computing device performs packet flow classification on received data packets, where the packet flow classification includes a plurality of sequential classification stages and fetch classification operations and non-fetch classification operations are performed in each classification stage. The fetch classification operations include to prefetch a key of a first received data packet based on a set of packet fields of the first received data packet for use during a subsequent classification stage, prefetch a hash table bucket from the hash table based on a key signature of the prefetched key for use during another subsequent classification stage, and prefetch a traffic flow to be applied to the first received data packet based on the prefetched hash table bucket and the prefetched key.

Abstract: A gesture is performed by a wireless accessory attempting to pair with a device. The gesture comprises a series of user interactions associated with accessory data detected at the accessory and device data detected at the device. The device begins looking for accessories advertising a Bluetooth service indicating they are attempting to pair. Once an accessory is identified, the device compares the device data to the accessory data for that particular accessory. If the accessory data matches the device data, the gesture detected at the device was made by the accessory and a secure connection can be established. Based on the secure connection, a clock associated with the accessory may synchronize with a clock associated with the device for additional security and fidelity.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for distributing and vitalizing a NAT are described. The method includes: maintaining a mapping table associating first and second endpoint addresses of a device, the first and second endpoint addresses indicating the device for first and second routers, respectively; maintaining a routing table for routing between the first and second routers, the routing table associating the first and second routers with first and second location addresses, respectively; and forwarding the first and/or second endpoint addresses to a selected router, the selected router being one of the first router, the second router, or a router exchanging network traffic between the first and second routers, wherein the selected router translates network traffic indicating the first endpoint address to indicate the second endpoint address.

Abstract: A computer implemented method, apparatus, and computer usable program code for processing data packets. A set of data fragments are received at the data processing system to form a set of received data fragments. Assembly of the set of data fragments is initiated into a data packet, and a determination as to whether the data packet is an incomplete data packet. Responsive to a determination that the data packet is an incomplete data packet, the incomplete data packet is filled with at least one character to form a final data packet. The final data packet is forwarded to the target.

Abstract: Exemplary multi-screen casting systems and methods are disclosed. For example, systems and methods for casting a graphical user interface display of a mobile device to a display screen associated with a set-top-box device are disclosed. An exemplary method includes a multi-screen casting system establishing a multi-screen display relationship between a mobile device and a set-top-box device, identifying data associated with a graphical user interface display of the mobile device, and transmitting the identified data associated with the graphical user interface display of the mobile device to the set-top-box device for display by a display device associated with the set-top-box device. Corresponding methods and systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: Examples are disclosed for forwarding or receiving data segments associated with a large data packets. In some examples, a large data packet may be segmented into a number of data segments having separate headers that include identifiers to associate the data segments with the large data packet. The data segments with separate headers may then be forwarded from a network node via a communication channel. In other examples, the data segments with separate headers may be received at another network node and then recombined to form the large data packet at the other network node. Other examples are described and claimed.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for sharding objects across different compute nodes. In one embodiment, a database server instance generates, for an object, a plurality of in-memory chunks including a first in-memory chunk and a second in-memory chunk, where each in-memory chunk includes a different portion of the object. The database server instance assigns each in-memory chunk to one of a plurality of computer nodes including the first in-memory chunk to a first compute node and a second in-memory chunk to a second local memory of a second compute node. The database server instance stores an in-memory map that indicates a memory location for each in-memory chunk. The in-memory map indicates that the first in-memory chunk is located in the first local memory of the first compute node and that the second in-memory chunk is located in the second local memory of the second compute node.

Abstract: Method and apparatuses may provide multi-user parallel channel access (MU-PCA). For example, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) is provided that belongs to a MU-PCA group of a plurality of WTRUs that are configured to simultaneously communicate via a plurality of channels managed by an access point (AP). The WTRU may include a receiver configured to receive a data message, from the AP, over a channel associated with the WTRU of the plurality of channels, wherein the data message is one of a group of multiple data messages transmitted simultaneously by the AP over the plurality of channels; and a transmitter configured to transmit a message to the AP over the channel associated with the WTRU, wherein the message includes an indication bit for notifying the AP whether the WTRU has uplink (UL) data to transmit to the AP.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a device and a frame structure for powerline communications. The header may comprise two parts that are separately encoded. A common header segment is encoded alone, and an embedded header segment is encoded with payload data.

Abstract: Techniques for multiplexing and demultiplexing signals for optical transport networks are presented. A network component comprises a multiplexer component that multiplexes a plurality of signals having a first signal format to produce a multiplexed signal in accordance with a second signal format, while maintaining error correction code (ECC) of such signals and without decoding such signals and associated ECC. The multiplexer component interleaves the plurality of signals with stuffing and adds overhead without generating new ECC. A second network component receives the multiplexed signal as part of a frame in accordance with the second signal format. A demultiplexer component of the second network component demultiplexes the multiplexed signal using the original ECC associated with the plurality of signals, wherein the second network element removes and filters the stuffing from the multiplexed signal and produces a plurality of demultiplexed signals as an output, in accordance with the first signal format.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the exchange of data between a server and a receiving device. The exchange method comprises receiving, at the receiving device, a push message comprising pushed data from the server; storing received pushed data in a cache memory of the receiving device, the stored data being identified as being of push type; transmitting, from the receiving device to the server, a request for data comprising information about pushed data stored in the cache memory of the receiving device; and receiving, from the server, at the receiving device, a response to said request comprising requested data.

Abstract: Owners of editorial video and/or audio content that is delivered over the Internet or other networks can enroll in an advertising affiliate network. Video and/or audio advertisements, or other marketing messages, are then delivered into the video and/or audio content when the content is accessed by a user. Bypassing of the advertising content may be prevented.

Abstract: A remote receives an instruction to transmit and determines whether or not to include an acknowledgement request in the instruction based on statistics regarding receipt of acknowledgements associated with previously transmitted instructions. If so, the remote control device includes the request before transmitting. The remote control may determine whether or not to include the request in a variety of different ways in a variety of different implementations. In some implementations, the remote control may classify instructions into two or more different classifications and may treat instructions of different classifications differently. In other implementations, the remote control may treat the same instruction differently depending on the number of requested acknowledgements successfully received during a time period. In various other implementations, the remote control may perform various combinations of these approaches.

Abstract: The described method provides for an efficient method for user equipment (104) to identify when it is in proximity to an assigned femtocell (108) in order to be handed over to a femtocell from a macro cell. As the user the equipment moves within a macro cell (106) that is defined by a serving base station (102), it is determined (202) that it is in the range of or in proximity to the femtocell to which it is registered or subscribed. Upon notification that it is near the femtocell, the user equipment sends (204) a message to the serving base station of the macro cell indicating the user equipment has identified its femtocell. The serving base station then sends (208) a message to femtocell to turn on the femtocell so that a handover of the user equipment from the macro cell and serving base station and the femtocell can be initiated. The serving base station sends (212) a response to the user equipment indicating that the femtocell is ready to receive the user equipment as a part of handover procedure.

Abstract: A method is described for serial data transmission in a bus system having at least two subscribed data processing units that exchange messages via the bus, the transmitted messages having a logical structure in accordance with CAN standard ISO 11898-1, the logical structure including a start-of-frame bit, an arbitration field, a control field, a data field, a CRC field, an acknowledge field and an end-of-frame sequence, the control field including a data length code, which contains information regarding the length of the data field. When a first switchover condition is satisfied, the data field of the messages, in contrast to CAN standard ISO 11898-1, may comprise more than eight bytes, the values of the four bits of the data length code being interpreted at least partially in deviation from CAN standard ISO 11898-1 for determining the size of the data field when the first switchover condition is satisfied.

Abstract: Provided are space division multiple access for wireless local area network (WLAN), and channel estimation for the same. A frequency division multiple access technique and a space division multiple access technique based on competition are used together for channel access. The channel access method includes: a competition period for estimating channel characteristics for a plurality of stations and transmitting, to the plurality of stations, downlink schedule information or uplink schedule information based on the estimated channel characteristics; and a data transmission period for performing downlink transmission or uplink transmission with all or some of the plurality of stations in accordance with the downlink schedule information or the uplink schedule information.

Abstract: An example method is provided that includes determining whether an address resolution protocol reply from a local machine has been received at an edge node; updating a local cache based on the reply from the local machine; and sending the reply to a plurality of edge nodes through a data plane of a data center interconnect. In more specific implementations, the method can include determining whether an address resolution protocol request has been received from the local machine. The method could also include updating a local machine cache based on the request. In certain implementations, the method can include determining whether the request is targeting the local machine; and dropping the request if the request is targeting the local machine. The method could also include sending the request through the data center interconnect if the request is not targeting the local machine.

Abstract: A host information handling system (IHS) provides virtualization of host channel adapters (HCAs). A hypervisor partitions a system memory of the host IHS into multiple logical partitions (LPARs). A particular LPAR includes a single instance of an operating system. The single instance of the operating system includes a common layer that provides virtualization of physical HCAs and sharing of the physical HCAs by multiple virtual HCAs.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide techniques for specifying, on a per-service basis, (1) the peering router to which a particular network packet should be directed, and (2) the egress port that the packet should use when it leaves the peering router. One embodiment encapsulates an original packet inside an encapsulating packet. The encapsulating packet may specify, as a destination, a desired peering router in order to route the packet to a specific peering router and may specify an egress port identifier identifying a desired egress port on which the packet should be sent out from the peering router. At the peering router, the encapsulated packet may be decapsulated and the desired egress port may be retrieved. Thus, general network routing information may be overridden in favor of selected service-specific routes, allowing faster routes can be chosen for more important traffic or services.

Abstract: A communication system having a policy server coupled to a communications network for managing secure communication with and among end instruments (EI). The EI comprises a memory, and a processor coupled to the memory with processor-executable instructions, including instructions for an operating system kernel; and instructions for a protection core that monitors operations of the operating system kernel in accordance with a security policy for the EI. Security policies can intercept calls to an operating system kernel and for each call, determining whether the call is allowed under the security policy(ies). Policies are stored in a policy library and transmitted to an EI over a wireless communication network.

Abstract: A system and method for determining whether at least one domain is legitimate or malicious by obtaining passive DNS query information, using the passive DNS query information to measure statistical features of known malicious domain names and known legitimate domain names, and using the statistical features to determine at least one reputation for at least one new domain, where the reputation indicates whether the at least one new domain is likely to be for malicious or legitimate uses.

Abstract: A method for transmitting, at a user equipment, an uplink signal to a transmission point performing cooperative transmission in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes generating the uplink signal based on a virtual cell identifier and virtual timing information, wherein the virtual cell identifier and virtual timing information are independently configured according to transmission channels.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for address format detection are described herein. In one aspect, a method of detecting whether an addressing format is supported by an access point on a wireless network is disclosed. The method includes transmitting a request to an access point using an addressing format including a source address field and a separate transmitter address field. In some aspects, the request may be an address resolution protocol (ARP) request or an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ping request. The request includes the source address field set to a first address and the transmitter address field set to a second address; monitoring transmissions of the access point to determine whether the access point transmits a response to the request that includes a destination address equal to the first address; and determining whether the access point supports the addressing format based on the monitoring.

Abstract: This specification describes technologies relating to imparting real-time priority-based network communications in an encrypted session. In general, aspects of the subject matter described can be embodied in methods that include establishing, based on cryptographic information in a reserved, random-data portion of a handshake communication, a session, receiving parameter values relating to a sub media stream, included in a header of a network communication, storing the parameter values, obtaining state information and a data payload included in a second network communication, identifying, from the state information, a purpose of the second network communication, and whether a header of the second network communication includes one or more new values corresponding to one or more of the parameters, updating one or more of the stored values based on the one or more new values, and processing the data payload based on the identified purpose and the stored parameter values.

Abstract: A method for supporting transport of data packets in a network, wherein the data packets are transmitted from a source node to a destination node by employing a tunnel from a first tunnel endpoint to a second tunnel endpoint, wherein a tunnel header is added to the data packets at the first tunnel endpoint, wherein the data packets are transmitted between the tunnel endpoints via a network domain that includes one or more intermediate nodes functioning as transport network, and wherein the intermediate nodes forward the data packets, is characterized in that the tunnel is provided in the form of a virtual tunnel by removing the tunnel header from the data packets where the data packets enter the network domain and adding back the tunnel header to the data packets where the data packets exit the network domain. A corresponding system for supporting transport of data packets is disclosed.

Abstract: There are various drawbacks by using existing OTN (Optical Transport Network) frames for communication between OTN cards. Such drawbacks might for example include high latency, low robustness, and/or high coding rate. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, systems and methods are provided for modifying an OTN frame (or creating a new frame with data from the OTN frame) prior to transmission by an OTL (Optical channel Transport Lane) in order to address some or all of the foregoing drawbacks. Note that this embodiment can make use of existing hardware (e.g. hardware used for generating the OTN frame, and the OTL used for transmission).

Abstract: A compiler includes: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory and configured to execute a compilation process, the compilation process includes: reading a source code to be compiled and literal tuples each of which is a combination of a plurality of string literals having meanings that correspond to each other between a plurality of languages, and generating a code in which regarding each literal tuple, a calculation byte length which is greater than or equal to a longest byte length of the string literal among the literal tuple is allocated to each of the plurality of string literals that belong to the literal tuple and a start address of each string literal is referenced according to a locale designated at an execution time.

Abstract: An example method for distributed network address and port translation (NAPT) for migrating flows between service chains in a network environment is provided and includes distributing translation state for a flow traversing the network across a plurality of NAPT service nodes in the network, with packets belonging to the flow being translated according to the translation state, associating the flow with a first service chain at a flow classifier in the network, and updating the association when the flow migrates from the first service chain to a second service chain, with packets belonging to the migrated flow also being translated according to the translation state. The method may be executed at a pool manager in the network. In specific embodiments, the pool manager may include a distributed storage located across the plurality of NAPT service nodes.

Abstract: Methods and systems for flexible-client, flexible-link optical transponders include electrical-to-optical transponders, which accept client data from a flow distributor, and a first multiplexing switch that connects modulated optical carriers from the transponders to line interfaces. The electrical-to-optical transponders each include a flexible optical transport unit (OTU) framer module that compresses multiple optical data units (ODUs) into a single ODU having a higher order than any of the input ODUs to form an optical transport network (OTN) frame. An electrical-to-optical modulator modulates OTN frames onto a carrier. The transponder includes a second multiplexing switch that accepts optical carriers from line interfaces and optical-to-electrical transponders that accept modulated optical carriers from the second multiplexing switch.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for playback of multiple video elementary streams is presented herein. A host processor modifies the video elementary streams to allow a transport demultiplexer to distinguish among the plurality of the video elementary streams.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for transmitting and receiving data by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) over the control plane. The methods may receive data without the use of an Internet Protocol (IP) address. In an example method, a WTRU may enter an evolved packet system (EPS) mobility management (EMM)-registered control plane only (CPO) state after receiving an attach accepted message for CPO operation, and enter an EMM-deregistered state after receiving a detach message, a tracking area update (TAU) reject message or an attach reject message. In another method, a WTRU may switch between operational modes that use an IP address and a user plane to transmit and receive data, and the CPO mode.

Abstract: Systems, mechanisms, apparatuses, and methods are disclosed for dynamically tagging VLANs. For example, in one embodiment such means include: means for receiving a packet having identified therein a source Media Access Control (MAC) address and a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) Identifier, wherein the VLAN identifier corresponds to a VLAN which is non-existent on a network switch; means for modifying the packet received to include two VLAN tags, a first VLAN tag corresponding to the VLAN identifier identified within the packet received and a second VLAN tag, distinct from the first; means for determining no forwarding database entry exists for the modified packet; and means for creating the VLAN on the network switch to handle received packets tagged with the VLAN identifier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for creating a multi-media stream (e.g., video, voice, audio, etc. . . . ) Super-MAC frame in a physical protocol data unit, including inserting a physical layer header into a channel time allocation and generating the multi-media stream SuperMAC frame further including, appending a media access control header after the physical layer header, calculating a header correction code, appending the header correction code after the media access control header, appending a media access control multi-media stream payload from a transmit queue, calculating a frame check sequence, appending the frame check sequence after the media access control multi-media stream payload and repeating the above acts, after inserting the physical layer header, until one of the channel time allocation is full or all transmit queues are empty.

Abstract: A clustering apparatus and method that can be used when synchronizing phase and frequency using a hybrid system of network assisted global navigation satellite system (AGNSS) and timing packet. A clustering apparatus for controlling timing is to determine a best master having a higher master-slave quality level among potential masters that can provide a timing packet based on a neighbor list provided by a server. The clustering apparatus organizes a cluster having linkability between the best master and at least one slave. The clustering apparatus performs synchronization between the best master and said at least one slave for each cluster.

Abstract: A system and method for data communication connecting on-line networks with on-line and off-line computers. The present system provides for broadcast of up to the minute notification centric information thereby providing an instant call to action for users who are provided with the ability to instantaneously retrieve further detailed information. The notification centric portions of information is wirelessly broadcast to wireless receiving devices which are attached to computing devices. Upon receipt of the information at the personal computer, the user is notified through different multimedia alerts that there is an incoming message. Wirelessly broadcasted URL's, associated with the data, are embedded in data packets and provide an automated wired or wireless connection back to the information source for obtaining detailed data.

Abstract: Technology is disclosed for organizing, managing and sharing data files as pages of an online binder (“the technology”). In various embodiments, the technology stores multiple data files received in multiple formats from multiple sources as pages of the online binder. The pages of the online binder are of a common format. The common format allows the pages, that is, the data files corresponding to the pages, to be accessed using a variety of devices regardless of a platform of the devices. The online binder is platform agnostic. The technology provides tools to create notes for the pages of the online binder. The notes can include text annotations, drawings, or audio visual annotations, including a recording of the user actions as presented on the device of the user. The technology provides a collaboration service for sharing the online binder with multiple users asynchronously or in real-time.

Abstract: A client machine initiates a browser instance of a browser. The client machine selects a first user identifying state for the browser instance prior to accessing any web pages by the browser instance, wherein the first user identifying state is associated with a first data structure set that comprises a first browser history, a first browser cache and/or a first cookie that are stored at the client machine. The client machine uses the first user identifying state in a session between the browser instance and a server. The client machine updates one or more of the first browser history, the first browser cache or the first cookie of the first data structure set based on the session without updating a second data structure set associated with a second user identifying state.

Abstract: A system and method for data communication connecting on-line networks with on-line and off-line computers. The present system provides for broadcast of up to the minute notification centric information thereby providing an instant call to action for users who are provided with the ability to instantaneously retrieve further detailed information. The notification centric portions of information is wirelessly broadcast to wireless receiving devices which are attached to computing devices. Upon receipt of the information at the personal computer, the user is notified through different multimedia alerts that there is an incoming message. Wirelessly broadcasted URL's, associated with the data, are embedded in data packets and provide an automated wired or wireless connection back to the information source for obtaining detailed data.

Abstract: The goal of the present invention is to improve the useful data efficiency and reliability in the use of commercially available ETHERNET controllers, in a distributed real time computer system, by a number of node computers communicating via one or more communication channels by means of TT ETHERNET messages. To achieve this goal, a distinction is made between the node computer send time (KNSZPKT) and the network send time (NWSZPKT) of a message. The KNSZPKT must wait for the NWSZPKT, so that under all circumstances, the start of the message has arrived in the TT star coupler at the NWSZPKT, interpreted by the clock in the TT star coupler. The TT star coupler is modified, so that a message arriving from a node computer is delayed in an intelligent port of the TT star coupler until the NWSZPKT can send it precisely at the NWSZPKT into the TT network.

Abstract: Techniques are described for applying double experimental (EXP) quality of service (QoS) markings to Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) packets. According to the techniques, an edge router of an MPLS network is configured to map a Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) marking for customer traffic to at least two EXP fields of at least two different labels included in a MPLS packet encapsulating the customer traffic. In this way, the edge router may map the full DSCP marking across the first and second EXP fields to provide full resolution QoS for the customer traffic over the MPLS network. The techniques also include a core router of an MPLS network configured to identify a QoS profile for a received MPLS packet based on a combination of a first EXP field of a first label and a second EXP field of a second label included in the MPLS packet.