Abstract: A peer-to-peer (P2P) network system and a method of operating the P2P network system based on region are provided. If an edge peer storing a resource information list of a super peer migrates to a different super peer and is registered and connected with the different super peer, the edge peer transfers the resource information list to the different super peer to share the resource information list. Resources may be searched based on a region information list into which resource information lists of adjacent super peers are integrated.

Abstract: Disclosed are, inter alia, methods, apparatus, computer-readable media, mechanisms, and means for interconnecting forwarding contexts using U-turn ports. A U-turn port typically comprises an egress port and an ingress port such that packets placed in the egress port are automatically forwarded to the ingress port. Other forwarding contexts are able to communicate packets to a next-destination forwarding context by sending these packets to the U-turn port of the next-destination forwarding context.

Abstract: A mechanism for cooperative load balancing with HyperText Transport Protocol (HTTP) in converged telecommunication services is disclosed. A method of the invention includes receiving an incoming HyperText Transport Protocol (HTTP) request, determining that the HTTP request does not belong to a server machine node that received the HTTP request, updating a hints field included with the HTTP request with identifying information of the server machine node, selecting another server machine node of the cluster of server machine nodes that is not listed in the hints field to place in a route field included with the HTTP request, and sending a redirection response with the updated hints and updated route fields to a client machine.

Abstract: A route calculation device is disclosed. The route calculation device sets a recommended route leading from a departure point through via-points and sets an order of the via-points in the recommended route, through: (1) calculating multiple optimum routes from an origin point of a departure side route to multiple unarranged via-points and selecting one unarranged via-point that constitutes one optimum route that has minimum cost among the multiple optimum routes; (2) determining the place of the one unarranged via-point in the order so that the recommended route passes through the one unarranged via-point one via-point later than the origin point, adding the one optimum route to the departure side route, and setting the origin point to the one unarranged via-point; and (3) calculating, when the number of unarranged via-points becomes one, the optimum route between the origin point and the last one unarranged via-point.

Abstract: An application programming interface and related system is presented for a middleware communication space that provides asynchronous message delivery service for partially connected mobile ad hoc networks. Embodiments of the present invention use mobile devices to bridge separated islands of networks and store and propagate messages. The system and software architecture supports methods for messaging caching, transferring and routing. More specifically, embodiments provide methods and systems that extend a communication space concept into a distributed environment and combine it with the standard Web Services technologies, i.e, SOAP, and WS series protocols. The communication space provides an extension of Web Services to mobile ad hoc networks and provides asynchronous message caching, transferring and routing.

Abstract: The subject disclosure is directed towards configuring and controlling wireless flyways (e.g., communication links between server racks provisioned on demand in a data center) to operate efficiently and without interfering with one another. Control and flyway selection may be based upon steered antenna directionality, channel, location in the data center, transmit power, and measured and/or predicted (estimated) network traffic. Flyways also may be used to route indirect traffic to reduce traffic on a bottleneck (e.g., wired) link. A payload may be sent over a over a wireless flyway with acknowledgment via a wired backchannel so that wireless communication is in one direction. The lack of interference and communication in one direction facilitates flyway operation without a backoff function and/or without clear channel assessment.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program product are disclosed for monitoring a telecommunications network that comprises a plurality of Mobility Management Entity (MME) nodes and a plurality of evolved UTRAN NodeB (eNodeB) nodes coupled by S1-MME interfaces. A Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) association identifier is assigned to an SCTP association between interconnected MME and eNodeB nodes. Specific S1-MME messages allow discovering the MME nodes and the eNodeB nodes with their network identifiers, identifying the connections between them and populating proper tables for this topology information.

Abstract: The present invention extends to methods, systems, and computer program products for organizing resources into collections to facilitate more efficient and reliable resource access. Namespace managers communicate with one another to form a federation namespace infrastructure. The infrastructure can efficiently route, migrate, and process namespace requests, such as, for example, namespace registration requests from providers requesting to manage portions of namespaces and lookup requests from consumers requesting access to managed resources. Resources can be registered in and made accessible from multiple different namespaces. Resources can be identified using nested queries that filter results at multiple levels of a hierarchical namespace.

Abstract: A method for processing network traffic data includes receiving a packet, and determining whether the packet is a previously dropped packet that is being retransmitted. A method for processing network traffic content includes receiving a plurality of headers, the plurality of headers having respective first field values, and determining whether the first field values of the respective headers form a first prescribed pattern. A method for processing network traffic content includes receiving a plurality of packets, and determining an existence of a flooding attack without tracking each of the plurality of packets with a SYN bit.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for accessing distributed models in automated machine processing, including using large language models in machine translation, speech recognition and other applications.

Abstract: A server assigns one of a plurality of clients as a representative client to each of a plurality of block data in a round-robin manner, for example. The server transmits the block data and information indicating the representative client assigned to the block data to the plurality of clients by multicast communication. The representative client transmits a response acknowledgement to the server. When the server receives the response acknowledgement, the server transmits block data following the block data and information indicating a new representative client assigned to the following block data to the plurality of clients by multicast communication.

Abstract: In one aspect, software or configuration data that is to be distributed is subdivided into data blocks and a list created based on the data blocks created. Users receive the list and a portion of the data blocks. The users form ad hoc networks or P2P connections among themselves. The connections allow the data blocks to be exchanged randomly.

Abstract: Described are techniques for performing path selection. A data operation is received for a metadevice comprising a plurality of metadevice members. A first of the plurality of metadevice members is determined. The first member is the member to which the data operation is directed. In accordance with a load balancing technique for the first metadevice member, path selection is performed to select a first of a plurality of paths. The metadevice is accessible over each of the plurality of paths. The data operation is sent over the first path.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present method and apparatus for improving data transfers in peer-to-peer networks includes receiving a search request message from a requesting node, where the search request message requests specific data. A responding node then sends a response message to the requesting node including a referral message comprising at least one referred node that is expected to have the requested data, based on knowledge of the referred node's previous incoming and outgoing data transfers. The responding node may also indicate that the responding node has the requested data. In addition to increasing the requesting node's view of the peer-to-peer network, this also enables the identification of nodes (e.g., referred nodes) with which the requesting node may wish to establish direct peer-to-peer connections, e.g., to build peer-to-peer communities of nodes having similar interests.

Abstract: A system and method for managing private information while using semi-trusted interfaces is described. In an embodiment, an intermediate node may receive a first and second communication between a semi-trusted node and a trusted node. In managing private information, the intermediate node may append private information to the first communication sent from the semi-trusted node to the trusted node, and remove private information from the second communication sent from the trusted node to the semi-trusted node.

Abstract: The present invention extends to methods, systems, and computer program products for organizing resources into collections to facilitate more efficient and reliable resource access. Namespace managers communicate with one another to form a federation namespace infrastructure. The infrastructure can efficiently route, migrate, and process namespace requests, such as, for example, namespace registration requests from providers requesting to manage portions of namespaces and lookup requests from consumers requesting access to managed resources. Resources can be registered in and made accessible from multiple different namespaces. Resources can be identified using nested queries that filter results at multiple levels of a hierarchical namespace.

Abstract: The present invention creates an electronic marketplace where owners of Internet domain names can have multiple parties compete for the right to lease their domain names. A marketplace provider supplies a technology for redirecting Internet traffic from leased domain names to domain names specified by parties that win the right to lease domain names.

Abstract: A method including operating in an apparatus a multi-point multi-path transport protocol providing a multi-point multi-path transport connection, and using said apparatus in said multi-point multi-path transport connection as a part of an end system formed by said apparatus and other apparatuses that are physically distinct from said apparatus.

Abstract: A distributed event detection system for detecting a complex event by a distributed detection process, includes a plurality of broker nodes for routing events and a route node for distributing the complex event, wherein the route node comprises a detection formula decomposing unit which decomposes a complex event detection formula for detecting the complex event into a plurality of complex sub-event detection formulae; a sub-route node assignment unit which assigns a broker node as a sub-route node with respect to each of the complex sub-event detection formulae decomposed by the detection formula decomposing unit; and a complex event detecting unit which detects the complex event based on a complex sub-event detected by the sub-route node assigned by the sub-route node assignment unit.

Abstract: A system and method is provided whereby a client device adaptively optimizes the selection of a network device from a plurality of network devices hosting information desired by the client device. Each of the network devices hosting information desired by the client device is associated with a common host name and a different IP address, and the client selects an optimal network device based on a rank assigned to the one or more network devices. A rank assigned to the optimal network device indicates the greatest desirability, from the client device's perspective, of the optimal network device relative to the other network devices. Furthermore, the ranks assigned to the one or more network devices are adaptively determined based upon a determination of an estimated latency, determined from the client device's perspective, between the client device and the one or more network devices.

Abstract: A method is provided for distributing limited resources. The method comprising the following steps. A plurality of limited resources about to expire on a given day is determined. The plurality of limited resources is made available simultaneously. Resource requests from a plurality of clients for a registration period are allowed starting at a predetermined time. The resource requests are processed after the registration period by correlating the limited resources with the received resource requests.

Abstract: A method and system is presented for path discovery and asynchronous message transfer in a partially connected middleware communication space comprising mobile ad hoc networks. Embodiments of the present invention use mobile devices to bridge separated islands of networks and store and propagate messages. The system and software architecture supports methods for routing, messaging caching, and transferring. More specifically, embodiments provide methods and systems that extend a communication space concept into a distributed environment and combine it with the standard Web Services technologies, i.e., SOAP, and WS series protocols. The communication space provides an extension of Web Services to mobile ad hoc networks and provides asynchronous message caching, transferring and routing.

Abstract: Improved systems and methods for implementing data-driven protocols are provided. In one embodiment, improved implementations of multicast routing protocols are provided. Separation between multicast forwarding and control elements are provided by use of a powerful yet simple application program interface (API) for inter-module communication. The API is multicast-routing-protocol-independent and can be used to express the forwarding state of any existing multicast protocol. Efficient platform-specific implementations are facilitated.

Abstract: A user data server system includes: a data storage node, which stores user data, registers the user data in a Distributed Hash Table (DHT) network by using a key, and receives and processes user data operation requests; a DHT index node, which creates and maintains DHT routing information according to a DHT algorithm and stores information of data storage nodes where user data is stored according to the key and searches for information of a data storage node where target user data is stored according to the key; a DHT super maintenance node, which manages and optimizes the DHT network; and a front end node capable of protocol processing and service processing, which obtains a key associated with a target user and obtains information of a data storage node where the target user data is stored by querying the DHT index node via the DHT network according to the key, and performs operations on the user data stored in the data storage node where the target user data is stored.

Abstract: A method, device and system, whereby communication delay that affects the advancement of an interactive task such as a multiple-player participation game is reduced is disclosed. A game system has a large number of game devices. A game device is grouped with three or more other devices to form a group, in which one device becomes a provisional parent node, and the other devices become provisional child nodes. Each of the game devices in the group generates measurement data indicating the sum of response times with respect to other game devices with itself as an origin. The game device that has generated measurement data indicating the minimum sum is selected as a parent node by the provisional parent node, and the other game devices are selected to be child nodes. A child node communicates with another child node via a parent node.

Abstract: A communication infrastructure containing a plurality of templates stored in an intermediate routing node and data rights management service function that determines an incoming packet contains media content by comparing the packet contents with the plurality of predefined templates and verifies whether associated license in the packet is valid. The intermediate routing node triggers the data rights management service function, if the associated license is not valid. The data rights management service function verifies rights of the user of the destination device to use the media content and interacts with the destination device to verify the validity of the license. In addition, the intermediate routing node interacts with a media manufacturer's server to verify the validity of the license. An external data rights management server may in part or full carry out the DRM functionality, to assist the intermediate routing node.

Abstract: Techniques are described for providing managed virtual computer networks that have a configured logical network topology with virtual networking devices, such as by a network-accessible configurable network service, with corresponding networking functionality provided for communications between multiple computing nodes of the virtual computer network by emulating functionality that would be provided by the virtual networking devices if they were physically present.

Abstract: A method includes receiving network distance information, receiving a request from a client for an identity of a peer providing content, and identifying a first peer and a second peer providing the content. The network distance information includes a compilation of network distance information provided by a plurality of service providers. The method further includes determining that a network distance between the first peer and the client is less than a network distance between the second peer and the client based on the network distance information, and providing the identity of the first peer to the client.

Abstract: The invention provides quality assured network services in a multi-domain network and comprises a network service management device for managing device clusters incorporated within the operations management network of each provider network and receiving service orders, and a multi-domain service broker for providing a broker function for achieving agreement between a plurality of providers, and the multi-domain service broker further comprises a device for collecting domain information and information relating to the services each provider is able to provide from the network service management devices, and a device which on receipt of a network service request from a customer, extracts the network service management device of the domain which is able to satisfy the required quality level, and then issues instructions for the setting of the required information within the extracted network service management device.

Abstract: Media, methods and systems are provided for coordinating changes of network sources for media streams in a telecommunications network. The streams communicate instances of media content via packets to devices. A first network source streams packets of an instance of media content to a device. Each packet includes information regarding the temporal ordering of that packet within the instance and information regarding the sequencing of the packet within the stream. It is determined that a second network source should stream the instance of media content. A point in the temporal ordering within the instance is identified and communicated at which the second network source will provide the instance of media content. The second network source streams to the mobile device the instance of media content from the identified point, without requiring adjustment of the information regarding the sequencing of the packets within the stream.

Abstract: A wireless networking system uses mobile and fixed transceivers to achieve a network with changing topology. A routing process includes quality-of-service considerations in the network to allow for features such as file or other data transfer, streaming audio and video, digital telephone communications, etc. The routing process adapts to transceiver units entering, leaving, or moving within, the network. Auxiliary networks such as the Internet, campus or corporate intranets, home networks, etc., can be accessed through the wireless network. Features, designs and user interfaces for the units are described. Security and access control of media content and other data is presented.

Abstract: Methods and systems for communicating between Teredo clients behind symmetric or restricted Network Address Translators.

Abstract: A cryptographic processor for redundantly-processing cryptographic operations is disclosed. The cryptographic processor includes a number of input ports, a first and second cryptographic engines, comparison logic and a plurality of output ports. The number of input ports is configured to accept both plaintext and ciphertext. Each of the number of input ports is coupled to both the first and second cryptographic engines. The comparison logic is configured to determine if the first and second cryptographic engines produce a result that is different. The number of output ports is configured to produce both plaintext and ciphertext.

Abstract: A recording medium storing a program for performing collective communication of unique-messages by a computer. According to the program, a space in which nodes are arranged is equally split into regions according to directions from the origin of a relative coordinate system, and a region to which each node belongs is determined on the basis of the relative coordinates of the node. When the computer receives an instruction to execute collective communication of unique-messages, messages are submitted to nodes in turns so that the numbers of messages addressed to the respective regions and submitted per predetermined unit time are equated, and each message submitted to one of the nodes contains data unique to the node.

Abstract: A modular development platform is described which enables creation of reliable, compact, physically robust and power efficient embedded device prototypes. The platform consists of a base module which holds the processor and one or more peripheral modules each having a peripheral device and an interface element. The modules can be electrically and physically connected together. The base module communicates with peripheral modules using packets of data with an addressing portion which identifies the peripheral module that is the intended recipient of the data packet.

Abstract: A method of composing a web page is described. The method includes transmitting an authoring web page including an embedded authoring tool to a client computer using a network. The authoring tool may be used to compose the web page. Web-page content corresponding to the composed web page is received from the client computer. The composed web page may include one or more regions for displaying one or more advertisements having one or more links to one or more content locations. In another aspect of the disclosure, an advertising program registration module may include a link or other mechanism for sending the authoring web page to a publisher registering to participate in the advertising program.

Abstract: Systems and methods of the present invention provide for redirecting a user to a book's website after submitting a request for information about the book. The book's website or a link to the website may be displayed to the user on a client browser.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for improving the efficiency of data transfer within interconnected components of a virtual network, and in particular components of a single physical computing device, where the components exchange data as if they were communicating over an actual communications network using networking protocols. Data packets to be sent from one component to another are buffered by next-hop address (and optionally by final destination address as well) to improve efficiency of packet delivery.

Abstract: A system for automated installation of a communication line using an optimal route between a source location and a destination location is disclosed. The system includes a routing module configured to provide an automated design process for rendering the optimal route. The routing module utilizes a routing algorithm to select the optimal route from a graph of capacity links defining a plurality of possible routes between the source and destination locations. If, at any time during the design process, the optimal route or capacity links defining the optimal route are detected as unavailable for any reason, the routing module re-initiates the design process and thereafter selects a new optimal route based upon a new capacity graph built without the previously unavailable capacity link. A command and control engine manages the process for assigning the optimal route in the provisioning system.

Abstract: An address of a terminal on a network is fixed during the session. The present invention provides an electronic apparatus that can be connected to a network, including, a communication unit communicating with another electronic apparatus existing on the network, a temporary-address setting unit setting a temporary address that is temporarily valid on the network, an address-requesting unit requesting that an address management apparatus connected to the network should set an address at a predetermined timing, when the temporary address is set, and an address-request stopping unit inhibiting the address-requesting unit from operating, while the communication unit is communicating with the other electronic apparatus, by using the temporary address.

Abstract: A device provides layer two (L2) services between customer networks that are coupled by one or more intermediate computer networks. The device comprises a routing process that receives label information for a label switched path (LSP) through the intermediate networks. The device further comprises a L2 service that receives L2 service information from a device associated with second customer network. In accordance with the label information, the device transports L2 communications between the first and second customer networks through the one or more intermediate networks. By utilizing label information in this manner, the device may minimize the impact of providing L2 services through the intermediate networks.

Abstract: A distributed group activity network system and corresponding method over a computer network. It synchronizes and provides access by system users to shared data files of a group activity. The distributed group activity network system comprises one or more server computers and client computers that are connected to the server computer(s) by network connections. Each of the server computers comprises a network server and a memory system. The network server runs on the server computer and provides basic network services that are available at the server computer. The memory systems of the server computers store synchronization files and shared data files of the group activity. Each of the client computers comprises a memory system and a system module running on the client computer.

Abstract: Packets may be routed in a heterogeneous communications network as follows: for a set of packets comprising at least one packet to be transmitted from a sending node, said sending node being able to handle communication according to at least two access technologies,—selecting in a selection unit in the sending node an access technology for use when transmitting the set of packets,—selecting a receiving node in the network to which to transmit the set of packets among nodes in the network that are able to handle said selected access technology—transmitting the set of packets to the selected receiving node using the selected access technology. Alternatively, a set of packets may be transmitted to one or more nodes using at least two different access technologies. Depending on the transmission quality, one node may be selected to forward the set of packets.

Abstract: A distributed control system comprises a first network section comprising one or more control nodes containing control logic operable to perform control function computations; a second network section, wherein the second network section comprises; a plurality of additional nodes responsive to the one or more control nodes in the first network section, each of the plurality of additional nodes communicatively coupled to two neighbor nodes and to two skip nodes using a plurality of links; first and second gateway interfaces each coupled to the first and second network sections and each operable to interface the first network section to the second network section; wherein the first network section is operable to communicate signals using a first communication protocol; and wherein the plurality of nodes in the second network section are operable to communicate signals over the plurality of links using a second communication protocol that is different from the first communication protocol.

Abstract: In order to establish routing to/from a base station within a hybrid-cellular network, each network element is assigned a “class” based on a received signal strength of the base station. Each network element is allowed to choose a network element of lower class for relaying information to the base station.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to dynamically control connectivity within VPNs are disclosed. A disclosed example route server to control connectivity within a VPN comprises a memory to implement a database, a border gateway protocol (BGP) engine to process BGP advertisements, a network interface to receive a first BGP advertisement, which a first route target (RT) associated with the first PE router, from a first provider edge (PE) router associated with the VPN, and an intra-VPN connectivity controller to, in response to the first BGP advertisement, query the database to determine whether the first PE router is to be communicatively coupled to a second PE router of the VPN and when the first and second PE routers of the VPN are to be communicatively coupled, direct the BGP engine to form a second BGP advertisement that includes a second RT associated with the second PE router based on the first BGP advertisement.

Abstract: The claimed invention adapts an existing operating system native replication service component to interface with a general application running on a peer-to-peer network. The claimed invention provides the general application with replication services without the need for coding this functionality from scratch. The claimed invention also adapts the replication service functionality to create a topology of connections based on information received from a peer-to-peer network component, thereby making the replication service function more efficiently with a peer-to-peer network.

Abstract: Embodiments of a mechanism for implementing mobile agents in peer-to-peer networks. An initiating peer may generate a mobile agent to perform one or more tasks on or gather information from other peers in the peer-to-peer network. The mobile agent may include an itinerary of peers that the mobile agent may visit. The mobile agent may be transmitted on communications channels in the peer-to-peer network to each peer on the itinerary in turn, and return to the initiating peer after visiting or attempting to visit each peer on the itinerary. In one embodiment, the mobile agent may traverse its itinerary via virtual communication channels (pipes) implemented according to a peer-to-peer platform. A mobile agent may include information identifying input pipes for each peer on its itinerary. Peers may generate and advertise input pipes for use by mobile agents.

Abstract: In a system and method for backing up user data of a first hardcopy device in a second hardcopy device, the user data in the first hardcopy device is identified. The second hardcopy device is identified, and the user data from the first hardcopy device is copied into a storage of the second hardcopy device. The user data enables the second hardcopy device to operate in the same manner as the first hardcopy device.

Abstract: A program for managing applications that can replace application resources deployed over a multi-layered system with a single action. Upon receipt of a request for establishing an environment for a service, a target platform determining means consults group management data to identify server computers belonging to server groups corresponding to a plurality of functions necessary to provide the requested service. The identified server computers are chosen as target platforms on which necessary applications will be deployed to implement the functions. An application deploying means successively selects deployment data of applications required to implement the functions for the requested service and deploys each selected deployment data to the server computers chosen as the target platforms.