Abstract: The invention relates to novel urease inhibited fertilizer compositions containing urea and a urease inhibiting amount of phosphorotriamidate compounds, and methods and composition for inhibiting the activity of urease through use of such compounds.

Abstract: Novel urease inhibiting phosphorothiolate compounds, urea based fertilizer compositions including such compounds, and methods and compositions for using such compounds to inhibit the activity of urease.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel urease inhibited fertilizer compositions containing urea and a urease inhibiting amount of one or more phosphoric triamide compounds, and methods and composition for inhibiting the urease catalyzed hydrolysis of urea through use of such compounds.

Abstract: A process for preparing a ureaform type resin fertilizer as an aqueous suspension which is stable and preferably has an Availability Index of at least 70 which, in a preferred embodiment, comprises: adding urea to an acidic solution of formaldehyde having a pH of 0.25 to 1.75 at a rate of addition to keep the temperature below 98.degree. C. until the mole ratio of formaldehyde to urea is from 3.5:1 to 2.6:1; adjusting the pH of the reaction mixture to between about 5.2 and 6.8 and the temperature from about 75.degree. C. to 92.degree. C. and adding urea until a formaldehyde to urea mole ratio of 0.5:1 to 1.8:1 is attained and the nephelometric turbidity of the reaction mixture is in the range of 200 to 800 NTU units; and then neutralizing the reaction mixture to a basic pH not exceeding about 8.5.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel urease inhibited fertilizer compositions containing urea and a urease inhibiting amount of hydroxamic acid or diaminophosphinyl compounds, and methods and composition for inhibiting the activity of urease through use of such compounds.

Abstract: A process for preparing a urea-formaldehyde condensate and fertilizer suspension wherein a water soluble sugar is used to control particle size in the suspension by inhibiting crosslinking. The process is capable of producing an essentially non-staining, fertilizer suspension that can be stabilized against settling by the addition of appropriate thickeners.

Abstract: The production of urea granules by prilling or granulating a urea melt or an aqueous urea solution, which melt or solution contains a magnesium oxide containing additive. The urea granules thus obtained exhibit a high crushing strength, a high apparent density, and a very low caking tendency, and are suitable for bulk blending with single and triple superphosphate granules.

Abstract: A method of converting sewage sludge solids into dense controlled release, attrition resistant fertilizer agglomerates is disclosed. The method is carried out by forming a fertilizer premix from dry sewage sludge solids and uncondensed liquid ureaform. Acidic material, preferably phosphoric acid, is distributed throughout the premix to bring the pH to between 4 and 6, and the premix is heated for 5 to 60 minutes to 120.degree. C. The heated premix is compressed between solid surfaces at pressures between 500 and 10,000 pounds per square inch to form agglomerates.The method is preferably carried out on a continuous basis using a heated blender and conveyor for blending and heating the fertilizer premix containing the sewage sludge solids, liquid ureaform, and phosphoric acid. Continuous compacting rollers are used to convert the premix to fertilizer agglomerates which may be readily broken up and screened to any desired fertilizer particle size range.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel urease inhibited fertilizer compositions containing urea and a urease inhibiting amount of novel poly-phosphorodiamide compounds.

Abstract: Novel urease inhibiting aminophenol compounds and urea based fertilizer compositions including such compounds, and methods and compositions for inhibiting the activity of urease through use of a urease inhibiting effective amount of one or more of the aforementioned aminophenol compounds.

Abstract: Novel urease inhibiting phosphoroamide compounds and urea based fertilizer compositions including such compounds, and methods and compositions for inhibiting the activity of urease through use of a urease inhibiting effective amount of one or more of the aforementioned phosphoroamide compounds.

Abstract: Novel urease inhibiting phosphorodiamide compounds, urea based fertilizer compositions including such compounds, and methods and composition for using said compounds to inhibit the catalytic activity of urease.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel urease and/or nitrification inhibited fertilizer compositions containing; and methods and compositions for inhibiting urease and/or nitrification through use of a urease and/or nitrification inhibiting amount of novel phosphoric triamide compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel urease inhibited fertilizer compositions containing urea and a urease inhibiting amount of one or more aryl phosphoric triamide and aryl phosphorodiamidate compounds, and to methods and compositions for inhibiting the activity of urease through use of such compounds.

Abstract: A method is provided for reducing ammonia volatilization loss from ammoniated fertilizers and urea-containing fertilizers which have been applied to the surface of the soil. The fertilizer is applied in the presence of a water soluble compound that (a) has a saturated solution pH between about 5.0 to about 8.0 and (b) in a hydrolyzing system with the soil and the fertilizer will form carbonates having a solubility above about 10.sup.-10 grams per liter. The amount of the water soluble compound is that which is sufficient to suppress the formation of hydroxyl ions that otherwise would be produced in the soil according to the reactionYCO.sub.3 +H.sub.2 O.revreaction.Y(OH).sub.2 +CO.sub.2with Y=calcium or magnesium.

Abstract: Metal oxides are applied to the surface of urea particles and chemically bonded to the urea by a heat-induced reaction. The product of this reaction is a free-flowing, relatively nonhygroscopic nitrogenous chemical fertilizer. By selecting metal oxides corresponding to a particular soil deficiency, beneficial micronutrients can be supplied simultaneously with nitrogen. Other materials, such as elemental sulfur, can be incorporated into the metal oxides prior to coating or can be liquefied and applied as a separate additional coating to the metal oxide-urea particles. In another embodiment, fertilizer particles are coated with metal oxides, covered with molten urea, and heated to induce a reaction. The formed reaction product remains as a layer on the exterior of the particle.

Abstract: The present invention provides a stabilized fertilizer solution, especially a nitrogen fertilizer solution, with a content of dicyandiamide as nitrification inhibitor, wherein, for retarding dicyandiamide crystallization, the solution contains at least one water-soluble organic polymeric compound as stabilizer.

Abstract: A process for making controlled release fertilizer product containing an increased amount of sustained-release nitrogen includes the step of mixing a partly water soluble thermoplastic binder, and urea-formaldehyde condensate and a pH modifier. The amount of pH modifier should be sufficient to bring the pH of the shaped fertilizer product to the range from about 6 to about 12. The mixture is subjected to such conditions including temperature and pressure so as to produce a shaped fertilizer product. The resulting shaped fertilizer product includes approximately the same amount of sustained-release nitrogen as the urea-formaldehyde condensate in the mixture.

Abstract: The product and method for forming the invention utilizes a base material of straw. The straw is coated with a water insoluble material which provides a slow decomposition when subjected to moisture and microbial action and which also in some cases can provide a release of nutrient as it decomposes. After applying the coating, the product is formed into compressed units for curing and then is ground into particles to provide a soil-like texture for use as a potting soil or for nursery beds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fertilizer composition which comprises coal ash, and a relatively water insoluble polymer capable of gradually decomposing to slowly release nitrogen polymerized uniformly on said coal ash. The polymer is formed by the in situ polymerization of an aldehyde and a polymerizable organic nitrogen containing compound capable of reacting with two or more equivalents of said aldehyde in the presence of an acid. The coal can be fly ash, bottom ash or boiler slag and can be derived from anthracite, bituminous or subbituminous coal or from lignite coal. The acid can be phosphoric acid, the aldehyde formaldehyde and the polymerizable organic nitrogen containing compound urea.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel urease inhibited fertilizer compositions containing urea and a urease inhibiting amount of one or more organo boron acid compounds, and to a method and composition for inhibiting the catalytic activity of urease through use of such compounds.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of denatured polyaddition products of biomasses and isocyanates, comprising reacting(A) from 5 to 98%, by weight, based on (A)+(B), of a biomass based on microorganisms or derivative and decomposition products thereof with(B) from 95 to 2%, by weight, based on (A)+(B), of a compound containing isocyanate groups, at temperatures of at least 50.degree. C. with complete denaturing of component (A).

Abstract: Prilling apparatus for producing prills of ammonium nitrate or urea in which a diverging shroud extends from each prilling head. Means for supplying ammonia is connected to the shroud. The prills pass through a quiescent zone of ammonia in the shroud and the generation of fumes from the apparatus is suppressed. In addition, the prills are coated with a layer of ammonia and are more readily cooled.

Abstract: Highly stable emulsions of biocides in liquid fertilizer compositions are disclosed which offer unexpected stability thus permitting application of both biocides and liquid fertilizers simultaneously. The improved emulsion stability can be obtained by utilizing higher polyoxyalkylene glycol ethoxylate esters or combinations thereof with certain anionic emulsifiers. Stable aqueous emulsions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Improved liquid fertilizer compositions for applying urea to the soil surface contain urea-sulfuric acid reaction products having high H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 /urea molar ratios and are free of toxic components such as sulfamic acid normally associated with such products. The use of these compositions reduces or completely eliminates urea volatilization loss normally associated with topical urea fertilization, particularly in alkaline soils.

Abstract: Stable concentrated solutions of urea and sulfuric acid containing mono- and/or diurea sulfates and less than 35 weight percent water, free of sulfamic acid and/or ammonium sulfamate, are produced by a unique process that involves the simultaneous and separate addition of urea, sulfuric acid and optionally water to a reaction zone at controlled rates and in stochiometric proportions equivalent to the composition of the desired product, and maintaining reaction temperatures below the incipient decomposition temperature for the particular composition. The heat generated by the highly exothermic reaction can be removed by cooling the liquid phase during the course of the reaction by direct air heat exchange with only nominal, if any, atmospheric emissions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crop culture and is particularly concerned with practices for conserving soil nitrogen and for supplying the soil nitrogen requirements for plant nutrition. These practices involve the employment, as active agent, of a novel butane compound having the formula ##STR1## wherein X is H or ##STR2## R is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl; R' is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halo and n is an integer from 0 to 2.

Abstract: This invention relates to the foliar feeding of growing plants.Conventional foliar feed comprising plant nutrients dissolved in water have a very poor shelf life and chemically attack many container materials. To overcome this problem the practice is to mix the aqueous solution feed immediately before use. In practice it is necessary to mix more solution than is required and, particularly with small scale applications, there is always a waste of feed.The present invention overcomes this problem by providing an aerosol container charged with a foliar feed solution and a propellant, preferably forming a water in oil emulsion with the solution, and whereby the feed has a relatively long shelf life and can be dispensed in small quantities without wastage.

Abstract: A process having the two-fold result of the disposal of waste pickle liquor and the production of a highly useful fertilizer in which urea is mixed with waste pickle liquor to produce a stable liquid fertilizer.

Abstract: The emission of fumes is suppressed from a prilling tower for producing prills of ammonium nitrate or urea by conducting particles from a spray of a melt of the material countercurrent through a stream of air. The spray of the material, as it leaves the prilling head is passed through a stagnant atmosphere of ammonia. In addition, the particles of the spray are coated with ammonia and their cooling by the countercurrent air stream is accelerated. To produce the ammonia atmosphere, a shroud is provided about the spray nozzle or nozzles into which gaseous ammonia is injected.

Abstract: Process of preparing a solid controlled release urea-formaldehyde fertilizer composition comprising preparing an aqueous mixture of urea, formaldehyde and ammonia, heating the mixture, acidifying the mixture to initiate methylene urea polymerization and heating to complete methylene urea polymerization and dry the reaction products. The process is carried out under conditions such that the majority of polymeric nitrogen present in the final product consists of short chain methylene urea polymers selected from the group consisting of methylene diurea, dimethylene triurea and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A two stage process for preparing an aqueous dispersion of a urea-formaldehyde condensation product comprising: in a first stage, reacting together formaldehyde and urea in a molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea in the ratio from about 2.5 to 1 to about 4.7 to 1 in the presence of a condensation catalyst until the methanol tolerance is in a range such that the condensate is clear and will remain clear, substantially free from precipitated reaction material, upon storage for one year at room temperature, to form an intermediate reaction product, then in a second stage, reacting said intermediate reaction product with an additional amount of urea such that the overall molar ratio of urea to formaldehyde is in the range from 0.8 to 1 to about 1.7 to 1, at an acid pH and at an elevated temperature not above about 70.degree.C., until the amount of water insoluble nitrogen present in the reaction mixture is in the range from about 15% to about 35% based on the total amount of nitrogen in the system.

Abstract: Improved liquid, urea-sulfuric acid compositions noncorrosive to stainless steel contain about 5 to about 75 weight percent urea, about 5 to about 85 weight percent sulfuric acid, 0 to about 75 weight percent water and a corrosion inhibiting amount of a cupric ion-containing compound, in which the urea and sulfuric acid together comprise at least about 25 weight percent of the composition, and in which at least a portion of the urea and sulfuric acid are present as monourea sulfate, diurea sulfate or combinations thereof. The compositions may also contain amounts of selected dialkylthioureas sufficient to reduce their corrosivity to carbon steel.

Abstract: Improved, liquid, urea-sulfuric acid reaction product compositions, noncorrosive to carbon steel, contain about 5 to about 75 weight percent urea, about 5 to about 85 weight percent sulfuric acid, 0 to about 75 weight percent water, and a corrosion inhibiting amount of certain dialkylthioureas, in which the urea and sulfuric acid together constitute at least about 25 weight percent of the composition, the urea/sulfuric acid molar ratio of the composition is greater than 2 or less than 1, and a portion of the urea and sulfuric acid are present as monourea sulfate, diurea sulfate, or combinations thereof. The compositions can also contain corrosion inhibiting amounts of one or more cupric ion-containing compounds sufficient to reduce the corrosivity of the composition to stainless steel.

Abstract: Stable, urea-sulfuric acid reaction products of predetermined composition containing mono- and/or diurea sulfates and less than 35 weight percent water are produced from concentrated, urea-sulfuric acid reaction product feeds of different compositions by simultaneously and separately adding a selected feed solution and reactant urea and/or sulfuric acid, and optionally water, to a reaction zone in stoichiometric proportions so that the composition of the total feed to the reaction zone corresponds to the predetermined composition. Reaction temperature is maintained at a level below the incipient decomposition temperature of the predetermined composition, and the resulting products are essentially or completely free of sulfamic acid and/or ammonium sulfamate.

Abstract: The disclosure is of the use of plant nutriments encapsulated in synthetic lipid vesicles to nourish plants. SPCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONThis application is a Continuation-in-Part of our copending application Ser. No. 881,116 filed Feb. 24, 1978 and now U.S. Pat. No. 4,235,871.

Abstract: A controlled release particulate fertilizer composition prepared by the reaction of urea and formaldehyde comprising polymeric nitrogen in the form of methylene urea polymers of varying chain length. The majority of the polymeric nitrogen consists of short chain polymers selected from the group consisting of methylene diurea, dimethylene triurea and mixtures thereof and the average degree of polymerization of urea and formaldehyde is greater than 1.5. The fertilizer compositions combine safety and high levels of plant nutrient efficiency.

Abstract: A composite granular mixture of source materials, providing an NPK Fertilizer content of desired value, say 16-8-8, and a plastic binder composed of granular uncured urea-formaldehyde resin are compressed into a briquette of good "green strength" and then resinously bonded into a drivable spike by curing the resin either at room temperature or at a suitably elevated temperature. The resulting plant food spike, when driven into the ground, functions to fertilize the immediately surrounding area at a slow even rate.

Abstract: Water-soluble fertilizer pastes containing 58 to 88% by weight of water-soluble plant nutrients, 0 to 5% by weight of water-soluble micronutrients, 4 to 12% by weight of polyglycol ethers having at least 9 ethylene oxide units and/or water-soluble polyglycol ether derivatives having at least 8 ethylene oxide units per molecule and 8 to 25% by weight of water, process for their manufacture and their use for plant fertilization.

Abstract: Biuret is selectively removed from urea by treating the urea in an aqueous solution at a pH above about 12.5 and a temperature between about 0.degree. C. and 100.degree. C. for a period of time sufficient to decompose at least a portion of the biuret. Solid urea compositions containing biuret and a strong base capable of selectively decomposing at least a portion of the biuret when the mixture is dissolved in water are also disclosed.

Abstract: Urea damage to the foliage of plants, particularly legumes such as soybeans, is reduced by application of corn syrup together with urea to the plant leaves.

Abstract: A liquid fertilizer comprises a polyborate compound. The polyborate compound is formed by reacting a boric acid compound with an alkanolamine or an aliphatic polyamine.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of neutralized, urea aldehyde polymeric dispersions by acid catalyzed reaction of urea and formaldehyde plus a higher aldehyde, having from two to four carbon atoms, wherein the mol ratio of formaldehyde to the higher aldehyde is at least 2:1 and the function of the higher aldehyde is to act as an inhibitor of further polymerization. The dispersions are further stabilized against settling by the addition of thickener-suspending agents. The products of the process are useful as sources of nitrogen which continue to fertilize plants, especially grasses for long periods of time after applied by means of conventional spraying equipment.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of a urea sulfur fertilizer by mixing urea and molten sulfur to obtain a molten mixture and solidifying the molten mixture to obtain a homogeneous, solid, particulate urea sulfur fertilizer wherein the sulfur has particle sizes of smaller than about 100 micron. The process comprises passing molten urea and molten sulfur through a mixing device at a temperature above the melting points to produce a finely divided sulfur dispersed in urea with the molten sulfur added in amounts sufficient to produce said urea sulfur fertilizer, maintaining a pressure drop across said mixing device of at least about 200 kPa to form a homogenized melt of urea sulfur, and solidifying said homogenized melt by prilling or agglomeration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crop culture and is particularly concerned with practices for conserving soil nitrogen and for supplying the soil nitrogen requirements for plant nutrition. These practices involve the employment, as active agent, of a novel butane compound having the formula ##STR1## wherein X is H or ##STR2## R is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl; R' is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halo andn is an integer from 0 to 2.

Abstract: A new improved process for making liquid fertilizer having a high nitrogen and sulfur content has been developed in which urea and sulfuric acid are mixed. Exothermic heat, which normally builds up in successive reactions is dissipated via use of a non-reactive, nutritive heat sink, preferably comprising a predetermined amount of previously produced fertilizer.

Abstract: Odorless prilled urea-dicyandiamide fertilizers are produced by melting a mixture of urea and dicyandiamide containing 5% to 35% by weight of dicyandiamide nitrogen, based on the total nitrogen of the mixture, at a temperature below 135.degree. C. and then prilling the molten material to form a free-flowing globular product.

Abstract: Storage-stable, concentrated aqueous solution of nitrogenous compounds consisting essentially of urea and monomethylol urea singularly suited for the foliar feeding of plants. Upon application to a plant the urea content of the solution is quickly available for feeding purposes. The acid nature of the plant substrate in turn serves to counteract the built-in alkaline buffering capacity of the plant food solution thereby facilitating progressive condensation of the applied methylol urea. The resultant partial condensates are subject to microbial degradation in time thereby providing assimilable nitrogen for the ongoing feeding of the plant.

Abstract: Soil nitrogen is conserved and plant nutrition improved by treating plant growth media with certain phenyl substituted butane diols, or phenylbutyl carboxylic or sulfonic acids such as ethanesulfonic acid-4,4,4-trichloro-2-hydroxy-2-phenylbutyl ester.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of neutralized, urea aldehyde polymeric dispersions by acid catalyzed reaction of urea and formaldehyde plus a higher aldehyde, having from two to four carbon atoms, wherein the mol ratio of formaldehyde to the higher aldehyde is at least 2:1 and the function of the higher aldehyde is to act as an inhibitor of further polymerization. The dispersions are further stabilized against settling by the addition of thickener-suspending agents. The products of the process are useful as sources of nitrogen which continue to fertilize plants, especially grasses for long periods of time after applied by means of conventional spraying equipment.