Abstract: A fertilizer supplying animal nutrients including a core particle having an outer surface and comprising compounds containing animal nutrients, and a coating of urea on the outer surface of the core particle, and further a process of making the fertilizer including the steps of: screening animal nutrient core particles comprising a powdered substance containing an animal nutrient, to a preselected particle size; spraying melted urea onto the surface of the nutrient core particles to produce a coating on the nutrient core particles; granulating the nutrient core particles with sprayed melted urea to produce nutrient core granules; and cooling the nutrient core granules.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns fertilizer particles comprising calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate. It is found that fertilizer particles comprising 43 to 47% w/w calcium nitrate and 46 to 54% w/w potassium nitrate can be produced by melt granulation. Due to undercooling problems, such particles were not expected to be suitable for industrial production by melt granulation. However, the present disclosure provides a composition which forms a low viscosity melt with short solidification time. This was successfully achieved by reducing the water content of a fertilizer melt comprising 43 to 47% w/w calcium nitrate and 46 to 54% w/w potassium nitrate to less than 3% w/w of the melt.

Abstract: A deicer composition is disclosed. The deicer composition may comprise water, a metal chloride salt, and a biopolymer composition derived from wheat straw, alfalfa, or other cereal grain straws. The biopolymer composition may include inorganic material and a copolymer comprised of lignin and polysaccharides. The biopolymer composition may have an average molecular weight of between 3500 and 5500 Daltons. The metal chloride salt may be selected from magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and sodium chloride.

Abstract: Foamable formulations of agriculturally active ingredients are provided, as well as methods for using them. The formulations allow improved delivery active ingredients by the ability to deliver high amounts of active ingredient with a low volume of formulation used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to increasing longevity of the nitrogen content of soil through improved liquid delivery formulations of nitrification inhibitors. The liquid formulation can also be comprised of nitrification inhibitors and optionally urease inhibitors that are blended solutions of each. The nitrification inhibitors are present in a mixture that comprises both a protic and an aprotic solvent system. The novel formulations are designed to be applied to fertilizers, especially urea and manure based fertilizers. The delivery formulations provide an environmentally sound and inherently safe solvating system that improves the storage stability of the urease inhibitors by utilizing liquid organic non-water containing solvents, maintains the nitrification inhibitors in solution to storage temperatures of at least 10° C., and provides improved application to fertilizer of nitrification inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention provides a precursor composition for forming an amorphous metal oxide semiconductor layer, containing a metal salt, a primary amide, and a water-based solution. An amorphous metal oxide semiconductor layer is formed by use of the composition.

Abstract: Novel granular fertilizers and methods of making those fertilizers are provided. The method utilized involves recycling streams, including one that provides water having dissolved solids therein, with that water being used during the mixing and granulation process. This method results in a low-moisture, hard, substantially spherical granule, which can include any number of macronutrients and/or micronutrients. Advantageously, the granular fertilizer can be applied to the soil around plants to supply those plants with the necessary nutrients.

Abstract: The present invention relates to increasing longevity of the nitrogen content of soil through improved liquid delivery formulations of nitrification inhibitors. The liquid formulation can also be comprised of nitrification inhibitors and optionally urease inhibitors that are blended solutions of each. The nitrification inhibitors are present in a mixture that comprises both a protic and an aprotic solvent system. The novel formulations are designed to be applied to fertilizers, especially urea and manure based fertilizers. The delivery formulations provide an environmentally sound and inherently safe solvating system that improves the storage stability of the urease inhibitors by utilizing liquid organic non-water containing solvents, maintains the nitrification inhibitors in solution to storage temperatures of at least 10° C., and provides improved application to fertilizer of nitrification inhibitors.

Abstract: Solvent systems for the formulation of alkyl thiophosphoric triamide urease inhibitors, that provide stable dispersion of alkyl thiophosphoric triamides for even distribution (in low or high concentrations) onto fertilizers containing urea in liquid or solid form.

Abstract: Reaction products and methods for making and using such reaction products are provided. For example, a reaction product comprising an adduct formed from urea, formaldehyde, and a urease inhibitor is described, which can be provided in various forms. For example, such a reaction product can be in the form of a solid or solution. Such a reaction product can also be combined with one or more additional components, including but not limited to, additional urease inhibitor and/or a nitrogen-based fertilizer composition.

Abstract: An improved solvent system for the formulation and application of N-alkyl thiophosphoric triamide urease inhibitors. These formulations provide safety and performance benefits relative to existing alternatives and enable storage, transport and subsequent coating or blending with urea based or organic based fertilizers. These formulations are comprised primarily of environmentally friendly aprotic and protic solvents (particularly dimethyl sulfoxide and alcohols/polyols) to stabilize the urease inhibitor.

Abstract: A nitrogen stabilizing composition is provided. The composition includes 10% to 18% w/w N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), a light oil, an emulsifier, and a solvent including N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and two or more of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, morpholine and glycerine.

Abstract: An composition comprising: (A) a mixture comprising at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide according to the general formula (I) R1R2N—P(X)(NH2)2, wherein X is oxygen or sulfur; R1 is a C1 to C20 alkyl, C3 to C20 cycloalkyl, C6 to C20 aryl, or dialkylaminocarbonyl group; R2 is H, or R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom linking them define a 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which optionally comprises 1 or 2 further heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, and (C) at least one amine selected from the group consisting of (C1) a polymeric polyamine, and (C2) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least three alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R21, wherein at least one of the groups R21 is different to the other groups R21, and (C3) an amine containing not more than one amino group and at least two alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted C2 to C12 alkyl groups R22, wherein at least one of the groups R

Abstract: A method is described for determining the antioxidant power of biological fluids such as saliva, serum, plasma, urine, sweat, tears and vegetal fluids, such as fruit, vegetables, beverages derived therefrom. Said method proved to be particularly suitable when evaluating the antioxidant power of saliva, which presents particular complexities from the analytical viewpoint. Furthermore, the present invention concerns a specific reagent and a kit for implementing said method, which comprises said reagent.

Abstract: An agricultural micro-fertigation water includes a phosphate fertilizer, a water-soluble organic acid and a water-soluble organophosphonate, and is prepared by a method wherein the phosphate fertilizer is added to the irrigation water as a chaser to (addition with or after components of) the combination of a water-soluble organic acid and water-soluble organophosphonate to fully prevent precipitation and thus prevent plugging of a micro-irrigation system despite the addition of phosphate fertilizer in water having a precipitation factor of from 125 to 1,000 ppm, wherein said precipitation factor is a combined level of total alkalinity (as CaCO3) in ppm and total hardness (as CaCO3) in ppm.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved urea-nitrogen stabilizer composition and methods, systems and apparatti for making thereof. The nitrogen stabilizer composition is incorporated into molten urea to result in a composition that contains less biuret, NMP, nitrogen stabilizer and/or impurities and provides an effective solid fertilizer. These compositions are useful in odor control.

Abstract: A method employing a composition of bioavailable minerals directed at supplementing nutritional intake of a living plant. The composition includes the ionic mineral(s) copper and zinc in a ligand complex and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier including water, H2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4. The composition for use in the method may also include other supporting plant nutrients such as botanical extracts, urea, plant hormones, vitamins and mineral supplements necessary for plant health.

Abstract: The uptake of foliar-applied metal ion nutrients, for example, zinc, iron, magnesium and copper, is influenced by humidity. Specifically, uptake is negatively impacted if the zinc is applied under low humidity, as the metal ion is “locked up” by leaf waxes as the droplet dries on the surface of the leaf, thereby rendering the metal ion useless. Described herein is a foliar metal ion fertilizer comprising (a) a metal ion sulphate in combination with a mixture of (b) urea and (c) a substance with a suitable point of deliquescence (POD) such as organic surfactants, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition containing a stabilized solvent ketone, ester, or glycol liquid concentrate of at least one N-alkyl thiophosphoric triamide and at least one surfactant. The invention also relates to methods of using the composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition containing a concentrate of at least one N-alkyl thiophosphoric triamide and at least one surfactant. The invention also relates to methods of using the composition.

Abstract: An improved composition comprising substantial spherical UFP particles and an active agent, such as NBPT, and optionally other components is used as an additive for liquid and solid fertilizers, typically containing urea. Methods of making the compositions and their use are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composite particle and a population of particles comprising a water-insoluble polyphosphate composition, methods of producing, and methods of using the same are provided. The polyphosphate composition may comprise at least one alkaline earth metal selected from calcium and magnesium and optionally at least one nutrient ion selected from the group consisting of potassium, ammonium, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, boron, chlorine, iodine, molybdenum, selenium or sulfur.

Abstract: An agricultural fertigation method includes the continuous charging of crop-quality-enhancer-feedstock comprised of one or more crop-quality enhancers (fertilizers, soil amendments and the like) to an irrigation system upstream of the agricultural field being irrigated. The crop-quality-enhancer-feedstock is diluted upon so charging to a level within the system solubility limits and the stream of flowing irrigation water dampens the resultant dissolution exotherm. A system wherein crop-quality enhancers are efficiently continuously fed to the irrigation system main line or a side-arm mixing chamber efficiently implements the method.

Abstract: An agricultural fertigation method includes the continuous charging of crop-quality-enhancer-feedstock comprised of one or more crop-quality enhancers (fertilizers, soil amendments and the like) to an irrigation system upstream of the agricultural field being irrigated. The crop-quality-enhancer-feedstock is diluted upon so charging to a level within the system solubility limits and the stream of flowing irrigation water dampens the resultant dissolution exotherm. A system wherein crop-quality enhancers are efficiently continuously fed to the irrigation system main line or a side-arm mixing chamber efficiently implements the method.

Abstract: An agricultural fertigation method includes the continuous charging of crop-quality-enhancer-feedstock comprised of one or more crop-quality enhancers (fertilizers, soil amendments and the like) to an irrigation system upstream of the agricultural field being irrigated. The crop-quality-enhancer-feedstock is diluted upon so charging to a level within the system solubility limits and the stream of flowing irrigation water dampens the resultant dissolution exotherm. A system wherein crop-quality enhancers are efficiently continuously fed to the irrigation system main line or a side-arm mixing chamber efficiently implements the method.

Abstract: A method for producing urea granules having low moisture absorption capacity, with a urea granulator, having a granule flow inlet side and oppositely a granule flow outlet side, forming an axis alongside which granules from a urea solution and a urea/ammonium salt-stream are formed, whereby the solution and the salt-stream are sprayed as a mixture or separately via a feed system unit via various nozzles into the granulator onto a seed material. In this process the highest amount of the salt-stream is sprayed into the granulator at the granule flow inlet side and the amount of the salt-stream is decreased alongside the axis of the granulator from the granule flow inlet side to the granule flow outlet side.

Abstract: An encapsulated fertilizing composition can provide for slow and gradual release of nitrogen in the form of ammonium, can be applied via dilution in water, and can act as a fire extinguisher and a fire spread preventer.

Abstract: A method for producing coated water-soluble particles in a manner to form two or more coating layers on surfaces of the water-soluble particles, characterized by including: a step A wherein after supplying a first coating material that contains a polyol component and an isocyanate component, a second coating material is additionally supplied to surfaces of first coating bodies that have coating layers formed of the first coating material that has not been sufficiently cured, so that second coating bodies that are provided with coating layers of the second coating material are obtained.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer material comprising a particulate plant nutrient surrounded by a coating of a mixture including an isocyanate and a polyol, and further comprising a modified wax that may include a polyhydroxyl compound in which the wax and/or the polyhydroxyl compound are cross-linked with a sulfur or oxygen or a peroxide cross-linking moiety. In certain embodiments, the wax and polyhydroxyl compound are cross-linked at unsaturated sites in the wax or polyhydroxyl compound using heat, UV or ionizing radiation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a boron-containing synergistic urea and preparation method and application thereof, the boron-containing synergistic urea is a product obtained by mixing, dehydrating and pelletizing a mixed aqueous solution of polyaspartic acid chelated potassium (also referred to as “polypeptide chelated potassium”) and a borate amine salt together with molten urea, wherein the above three components are 0.04-0.12%, 0.08-0.24% and 99.64-99.88% by weight, respectively. The boron-containing synergistic urea provided by the present invention is obtained by effectively compositing polypeptide acid chelated potassium, borate amine salt and urea, which also can guarantee the application amount of effective boron, and meanwhile can help avoid excessive high local concentrations of boron, and achieve the purposes of prompting effective absorption of the plant to boron and of improving urea utilization rate.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coating composition for a fertilizer comprising at least 50 wt % of a cross-linked lipid; and less than 0.20 wt %, relative to the total weight of the lipid, of a catalyst for cross-linking an unsaturated lipid. The cross-linked lipid has a viscosity at 20 degree Celsius (° C.) in the range of 110 and 800 mPa·s.

Abstract: Animal waste is processed to form a biomaterial that is employed as a coating layer for typical fertilizer particles. The biomaterial coating layer can be used neat or with additives and serves to do one or more or any combination of the following: (a) impart a slow or controlled release property to the fertilizer, (b) prevent or reduce the tendency of the fertilizer particles to cake together, or (c) prevent or reduce the tendency of the fertilizer particles to create dust. The biomaterial coating layer can also release nutrients when used as part of a fertilizer composition.

Abstract: A solid fertilizer composition wherein a nitrogen-containing macronutrient is adsorbed on the surface of hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles and wherein the ratio of the nitrogen-containing macronutrient to the hydroxyapatite phosphate is between 1:1 and 10:1. In certain embodiments, said solid fertilizer composition slowly releases the nitrogen-containing macronutrient to soil.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer composition and methods to produce the controlled release fertilizer composition are described. The controlled release fertilizer composition comprises a water soluble fertilizer core that is coated with a polymeric layer, intermediate layer, and a sulfur layer. If desired, the sulfur layer can be coated with an outer water-insoluble layer.

Abstract: An agricultural fertigation method includes the continuous charging of crop-quality-enhancer-feedstock comprised of one or more crop-quality enhancers (fertilizers, soil amendments and the like) to an irrigation system upstream of the agricultural field being irrigated. The crop-quality-enhancer-feedstock is diluted upon so charging to a level within the system solubility limits and the stream of flowing irrigation water dampens the resultant dissolution exotherm. A system wherein crop-quality enhancers are efficiently continuously fed to the irrigation system main line or a side-arm mixing chamber efficiently implements the method.

Abstract: A fertilizer supplying animal nutrients including a core particle having an outer surface and comprising compounds containing animal nutrients, and a coating of urea on the outer surface of the core particle, and further a process of making the fertilizer including the steps of: screening animal nutrient core particles comprising a powdered substance containing an animal nutrient, to a preselected particle size; spraying melted urea onto the surface of the nutrient core particles to produce a coating on the nutrient core particles; granulating the nutrient core particles with sprayed melted urea to produce nutrient core granules; and cooling the nutrient core granules.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition wherein a nitrogen containing macronutrient is adsorbed on the surface of hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles. Said fertilizer composition slowly releases the nitrogen containing macronutrient to soil.

Abstract: An agricultural fertigation method includes the continuous introduction of concentrated raw materials into a high-dilution irrigation-water environment whereby the stream of flowing irrigation water dampens the resultant dissolution and reaction exotherms. A system wherein raw materials are efficiently continuously fed to the irrigation system main line or a side-arm reactor efficiently implements the method.

Abstract: A concentrated, homogenous, stable, water-soluble fertilizer suspension comprising: water-soluble mineral nutrients of at least nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, and magnesium; and an organic stabilizing additive; and wherein the pourable, aqueous suspension has water-soluble mineral nutrients amounting to at least about 80 percent by weight (wt. %) of the suspension.

Abstract: A dust suppressing aggregate includes a core particle and a dust suppressing agent. The dust suppressing agent comprises polycarbodiimide and is disposed about the core particle for suppressing dusting of the core particle. A method of forming the dust suppressing aggregate includes the steps of reacting isocyanates in the presence of a catalyst to form the polycarbodiimide and encapsulating the core particle with the polycarbodiimide to form the dust suppressing agent. A system for producing the dust suppressing aggregate includes the core particle, the isocyanates, and the catalyst.

Abstract: Multiple-component fertilizer materials and methods of use are provided, wherein the fertilizer materials include first and second fertilizer products respectively including an ammoniacal fertilizer (e.g., urea) in combination with a partial calcium salt of a selected copolymer, and a phosphorous fertilizer (e.g., DAP) in combination with a partial sodium salt of a selected copolymer. The copolymer fractions of the first and second fertilizer products are most preferably copolymers of itaconic acid and maleic anhydride. The fertilizer materials give synergistically enhanced crop yields when applied to soil or growing plants.

Abstract: An agricultural fertigation method includes the continuous in situ manufacture of one or more fertilizers within the irrigation system upstream of the agricultural field being irrigated. Co-reactant raw materials, namely sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, potassium hydroxide, urea, ammonium hydroxide, ammonia, calcium nitrate and/or magnesium nitrate, are intermixed with each other and with the stream of the flowing irrigation water. The stream of flowing irrigation water dampens the resultant dissolution and reaction exotherms. A system wherein raw materials are efficiently continuously fed to the irrigation system main line or a side-arm reactor efficiently implements the method.

Abstract: A macronutrient sustained release composition for a plant locus having nitrogen containing macronutrient compound adsorbed on the surface of hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles, and a process for preparation thereof. The macronutrient adsorbed hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles are encapsulated within cavities present in wood such that the biodegradation of the wood releases the adsorbed macronutrient compounds in a slow and sustained manner to the soil. Further, the macronutrient particles are encapsulated within the cell cavities of wood and wood is coated with cellulose modified hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles such that the rupture of the nanocoating initiates the nitrogen release followed by the biodegradation of the wood releases the rest of the adsorbed macronutrient compounds in a slow and sustained manner to the soil.

Abstract: A mixture for the treatment of urea-containing fertilizers comprises a) at least one (thio)phosphoric acid triamide of the general formula (I) R1R2N—P(X)(NH2)2 and/or (thio)phosphoric acid diamide of the general formula (II) R1O—P(X)(NH2)2, X denoting oxygen or sulfur, R1 and R2 independently from each other being hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted 2-nitrophenyl, C1-10-alkyl, C3-10-cycloalkyl, C3-10-heterocycloalkyl, C6-10-aryl, C6-10-heteroaryl or diaminocarbonyl, where R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom connecting them can also form a 5 or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic group, which optionally may also comprise one or two additional heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, as component A, and b) at least one compound comprising an amino group having a boiling point of more than 100° C. as component B.

Abstract: A dry flowable additive for aqueous urea-based fertilizers made of solid urea formaldehyde polymer (UFP), N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), and, optionally, dicyandiamide (DCD), wherein the liquid fertilizer containing the additive provides reduced nitrogen loss from the soil. Optionally, the dry additive may also be blended with molten or solid urea to form a solid urea-based fertilizer with reduced nitrogen loss from the soil.

Abstract: An agricultural fertigation method includes the in situ manufacture of one or more fertilizers within the irrigation upstream of the agricultural field being irrigated. Co-reactant raw materials, namely sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, potassium hydroxide, urea, ammonium hydroxide, ammonia, calcium nitrate and/or magnesium nitrate, are intermixed with each other and with the stream of the flowing irrigation water. The stream of flowing irrigation water dampens the resultant dissolution and reaction exotherms. A system wherein raw materials are efficiently fed to the irrigation system main line or a side-arm reactor efficiently implements the method.

Abstract: A dry flowable additive for aqueous urea-based fertilizers made of solid urea formaldehyde polymer (UFP), N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), and, optionally, dicyandiamide (DCD), wherein the liquid fertilizer containing the additive provides reduced nitrogen loss from the soil. Optionally, the dry additive may also be blended with molten or solid urea to form a solid urea-based fertilizer with reduced nitrogen loss from the soil.

Abstract: The invention is directed to processes for treating biosolids that result in high-value, nitrogen-containing, slow-release, organically-augmented inorganic fertilizer that are competitive with less valuable or more costly conventional commercially manufactured fertilizers. The process involves conditioning traditional waste-water biosolids and processing the conditioned biosolids continuously in a high throughput manufacturing facility. The exothermic design and closed loop control of the primary reaction vessel decreases significantly the amount of power necessary to run a manufacturing facility. The process utilizes green technologies to facilitate decreased waste and enhanced air quality standards over traditional processing plants. The fertilizer produced from recovered biosolid waste is safe and meets or exceeds the United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) Class A and Exceptional Quality standards and is not subject to restrictions or regulations.

Abstract: A water-dispersible particle is provided that includes organic origin potash in an amount ranging from 5% to 99.9% by weight of the total dry weight of the particle. A binder component is present in an amount from 1% to 95% by weight. The organic origin potash and the binder component on that contact with water causes particle dispersion into more than 100 pieces. A process for making a water-dispersible particle includes mechanical aggregation of the potash into a pellet. A binder component is present in the particle in an amount ranging from 1% to 95% by weight. The potash and the binder component are present in a form such that contact with water causes particle dispersion into more than 100 pieces. The pellet is then dried and ready to be applied.

Abstract: This invention is directed to systems, devices and methods to beneficiate heat-dried biosolids or sludge pellets or granules as presently manufactured by municipalities or companies from a) dewatered municipal wastewater biosolids or sludges within the municipal wastewater treatment plant heat-dried biosolids production facility or from b) finished dry heat dried biosolids pellets or granules in a separate manufacturing facility from the municipal wastewater treatment plant to produce a fertilizer containing sufficient organic and inorganic plant nutrients to be valuable and saleable into the commercial agricultural industry. The present invention describes beneficiation methods to increase the plant nutrient content of the fertilizer and also to reduce the odors associated with traditionally-produced heat dried biosolids.