Abstract: 1.1 The invention relates to a method for producing tables made of mixtures of a plurality of materials, and a method for producing a sulfurous fertilizer. 2.1. The invention relates to a method for producing tablets made of mixtures of a plurality of materials, particularly urea mixtures, having the following steps:—producing a liquid melt of a first material,—adding at least one further material in solid or liquid form to the melt for producing a mixture,—output of drops of the mixture onto a steel belt by means of a drop former having a rotating, perforated outer drum,—solidification of the drops of the mixture on the steel belt into tablets, wherein the at least one additional material is mixed into the liquid melt in liquid form immediately before the drop former or into the liquid melt in solid form upstream of a two-stage heated grinding and mixing unit. 2.2. Use for producing fertilizer, for example.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods for producing a granular nitrogen fertilizer from an organic material comprising adding a metallic salt to said organic material to form a slurry. Preferably the organic material comprises dewatered biosolids and contains water from a scrubber. Metallic salts that can be used comprise a salt of iron, zinc, or a mixture thereof. Preferred iron salts comprises ferric sulfate or ferric oxide, and preferred zinc salts comprises zinc sulfate or zinc oxide. Preferably, the metallic salt is mixed with an acid such as sulfuric acid to form an acidified metal salt. Slurry pH ranges from approximately 2-2.5. The acidified metal salt is added to the organic material in sufficient quantity to lower viscosity of the slurry such that the resulting fluid does not hinder fluid flow during operation. When the metallic salt comprises acidified ferric sulfate or ferrous sulfate, sufficient iron can be present to produce a fertilizer product with 0.

Abstract: A process for producing potassium magnesium sulfate, comprising reacting sulfuric acid with potassium chloride and magnesium chloride at a temperature in a range comprised between about 100 and about 160° C., thereby producing potassium magnesium sulfate and hydrochloric acid, the sulfuric acid being reacted with potassium chloride and magnesium chloride simultaneously or sequentially.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer composition and methods to produce the controlled release fertilizer composition are described. The controlled release fertilizer composition comprises a water soluble fertilizer core that is coated with a polymeric layer, intermediate layer, and a sulfur layer. If desired, the sulfur layer can be coated with an outer water-insoluble layer.

Abstract: An agronomic carrier coated with an acidifying agent and a method for preparing same is described.

Abstract: An adjuvant that is applied to foliage or fruit or both of a plant and comprises an effective amount ammonium sulfate, an effective amount of an alkyl polysaccharide and n effective amount of a mono, di or polysaccharide. The adjuvant is dispersed in a selected amount of water along with a selected amount of micronutrients or secondary nutrients such that when applied to foliage or fruit or both of the plant, the adjuvant causes an increase in the intake of the micronutrients or secondary nutrients applied to foliage or fruit.

Abstract: Di-ammonium phosphate, murate of potash and gypsum are the conventional phosphorous, potassium and sulfur fertilizers respectively. Application of gypsum to soil can cause an increase calcium load on soil and polluted surface and underground water. The most successful technique is application of phosphorous-potassium-sulfur glass which can be added directly to the soil. Main feature of the present invention is formulation and making of a composition of high phosphorous, potassium and sulfur containing glass free from alkali like Na2O, Li2O and ZnO, which are toxic to the plants. Such glasses are capable of slow release of phosphorous, potassium and sulfur required in the area of agriculture, fungicide, pesticide and weedicides etc. The present invention also emphasize optimization of nutrient content, reduction of calcium load on the soil, minimization of surface and under-ground water pollution and maintenance of acidic environment near the plant roots in the soil.

Abstract: An ammonia and fertilizer production process is based on partial oxidation of fossil fuel, which co-produces polycarbonsuboxide. The four step process is low-cost and low-carbon-dioxide emission. It comprises the steps of reacting fossil fuel with oxygen in air and steam in an electric discharge plasma to produce a gas exit stream of polycarbonsuboxide, hydrogen with associated nitrogen (110); cooling the gas stream to condense and separate the polycarbonsuboxide as a solid polymer (120); compressing the gas stream to pressures for synthesis of ammonia (140); and, converting the gas stream to ammonia by employing a catalytic converter (150). Optional steps involve gas cleanup, which include removal of contaminants from the gas stream and adding hydrogen or nitrogen to the gas stream to adjust the ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen to three to one, respectively, prior to converting the gas stream to ammonia (130).

Abstract: Blends of fertilizer granules and highly absorbent cellulosic granules carrying one or more pesticidal or other active ingredients that resist the formation of actives dust or segregation of the granules and that ensure even and efficient application of both the fertilizer and the active ingredients.

Abstract: A controlled release product and a method for producing the controlled release product. The product includes a substrate material for release to a surrounding environment and a composition coating the substrate material in a coating layer for providing a controlled release of the substrate material. The composition includes a matrix material; a particulate fibrous filler material dispersed throughout the matrix material and a water soluble surface treatment material applied to the external surfaces of the particles of filler material such that the surface treatment material provides degradable interfaces between the matrix material and the external surfaces of the particles of filler material, and wherein the degradable interfaces are degradable in the presence of water such that interfacial passageways between the matrix material and the external surfaces of the particles of filler material are formed by the dissolution of the surface treatment material.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a plant rejuvenating agent using dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), or hydrates thereof, to form plant rejuvenating mixtures that may include additional components. The plant rejuvenating mixture including DHEA may be used in typical horticultural applications, including the improvement of soil fertility; the rejuvenation of unhealthy plants by providing both water for increased turgidity and sterols for plant cell repair; enhancing the longevity of growing season of plants; and retarding the senescence of fresh cut flowers.

Abstract: Method for improving plant growth by application of a mixture M comprising a component a) of a1) 20 to 96% by weight of sulfur, a2) 4 to 80% by weight of a complexing agent and, if appropriate, one or more crop protectants b) and/or additives c).

Abstract: Modified fertilizer materials are produced, comprising a) at least one fertilizer granule coated with a dispersant to form at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle, b) a dispersant, which comprises at least one agrochemical blended with at least one powder, and c) an overcoating material that is applied to the at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle. Methods of producing a modified fertilizer materials comprise: a) providing at least one fertilizer granule, b) providing a dispersant that comprises at least one agrochemical blended with at least one powder, c) providing an overcoating material, d) applying the dispersant to the at least one fertilizer granule to form at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle, and e) applying the overcoating material to the at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle to form the modified fertilizer material.

Abstract: Soil amendment/foliar nutrient compositions and methods for their manufacture and use are provided. The compositions are aqueous compositions that include a carbon skeleton energy component (CSE); a macronutrient; a vitamin cofactor; a complexing agent; and at least one of exotic micronutrient component and an ionophore component.

Abstract: According to a method of producing a phosphate fertilizer, a first portion of the phosphate is produced in a pipe cross reactor, and a second portion of the phosphate is produced in a pre-neutralizer. Both the first and second portions of the phosphate are supplied to a granulator. Ammonia is added to the granulator to react with the first and second portions of the phosphate. To produce the first portion of the phosphate, a micronutrient is added to phosphoric acid to produce an enriched acid, and the enriched acid and ammonia are added to the pipe cross reactor where they are allowed to react to produce ammonium phosphate.

Abstract: A technique is provided for delivering plant supportive materials to plants. The technique utilizes encapsulation of a plant growth facilitator, such as a plant nutrient, water or pesticide, in small structures that may be taken in through the stomata of plants. This enables a more efficient treatment, watering and/or feeding of plants by foliar application.

Abstract: A fertilizer system is provided using extraction of nitrogen compounds and other plant nutrients from combustion exhaust gases, and which is particularly suited for use with an agricultural irrigation system or engine driven plant care equipment including self-propelled tractors, mowers and the like. The system includes an exhaust chamber in communication with the motor driving a pump of the system for receiving the exhaust gases therethrough. Water is injected into the exhaust chamber for mixing with the exhaust so that the steam being formed absorbs various nitrogen compounds and other plant nutrients from the surrounding hot exhaust gases. The steam is subsequently condensed in a condensing chamber from which condensate is collected and dispensed into the inlet of the pump with water circulated therethrough.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous solution consisting essentially of: (a) hydrogen peroxide; (b) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of complexing agents based on phosphonic acids, salts and degradation products thereof in an amount from about 10 to about 60 wt % based on the amount of hydrogen peroxide; (c) water; and (d) components other than (a) through (c) in an amount from 0 up to about 10 wt % based on the amount of hydrogen peroxide The invention further concerns a soil oxygenation or micronutrient composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, a process for its preparation, and a process for the oxygenation of soil.

Abstract: A climate control system capable to absorb many times the human-industrial-generated carbon dioxide and reverse the trend of global warming is described in this invention. Method of partially executing Solvay soda ash process without converting sodium bicarbonate to soda ash and recycling ammonia, further thereafter implementing ammonium chloride thus obtained as deep-water ocean fertilizer to capture carbon dioxide naturally in weights of the order of hundred times that was originally released through fossil fuel combustion.

Abstract: A plant growth-promoting and quality-improving agent is disclosed. The agent contains a water-insoluble inorganic micronutrient pulverized to a particle size of not more than a specified particle size, and is effective for a long period of time if applied a small number of times to a seed, a root, a nursery box, and a base of a plant. A method for promoting the growth and improving the quality of plants is also disclosed.

Abstract: A 10,000 gallon sequencing batch reactor tank for the on-site bio-degradation of oily sludge. Bacteria already present in and adapted to oily sludge degrade the hydrocarbons found in oily sludge within two weeks from 20,000 ppm to less than 100 ppm. A degradation cycle requires 5 days. After five days a recirculation pump and aeration system are turned off and solids are allowed to settle to the bottom of the tank. An ultrafiltration unit connected to the tank requires approximately 16 hours to process the contents of the reactor tank.

Abstract: A method of preparing and coating fertilizer pellets is described. Fertilizer, seed or other materials are added to a blender. Powdered micronutrients are added to the blend (at any time in the process) at rates up to but not exceeding 1% of the total blend. The resulting blend is mixed for a minimum of 20 seconds resulting in an even distribution (coating) of the total blend. The blend is then packaged into bags, spreaders or trucks and stored or applied to the field. Seed or fertilizer is augured or moved via conveyors or other means into seeding equipment or a blender. The finished product is then applied to the field or stored for later applications.

Abstract: Fertilizer compositions for plant production are described, comprised of decontaminated manure and Bacillus spores, preferably a humic acid derived from lignite and, optionally, one or more of N compounds, P compounds, K compounds, and combinations of two or more of these compounds. Preferred compositions are those wherein the ingredients are blended into an admixture resulting in a granular product. Other preferred compositions are those blended into an admixture resulting in a powdered product. Preferably, the ingredients are formed into hardened prills or pellets. Processes for production and use are also presented.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer material comprising a particulate plant nutrient surrounded by a coating which is the reaction product of a mixture comprising: a polyol, an isocyanate and an organic wax.

Abstract: Homogeneous, boron-doped alkaline earth peroxides and mixed alkaline earth peroxides, methods for the production thereof, and use thereof as oxygenating agents for agricultural purposes.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of nitrogen- or calcium-containing fertilizers to improve the performance of S-(+)-abscisic acid (S-ABA, ABA) or ABA salts on plants. This invention also relates to the use of ABA to reduce the phytotoxicity of foliar applied fertilizers.

Abstract: A liquid fertilizer is described. The fertilizer comprises a mixture of soluble and insoluble forms of nutrients. The fertilizer provides both quick release and slow release nutrients to plants, meaning that a single application of the fertilizer supplies nutrients to growing plants for an extended period of time, from 1-28 days.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for making formulated nitrogenous and complex fertilizers, in granule form, suitable for slowly releasing nitrogen, comprising the steps of preparing an aqueous urea/formaldehyde dispersion with a molar ratio from 0.8:1 to 2:1, adding an aqueous catalyzer solution in a weight ratio from 0.1 to 4%, controlling the pH of the aqueous dispersion to hold it within a range from 4.0 to 7.0, and supplying the aqueous dispersion to a recirculating granulating device, as a growth seed.

Abstract: A shape-permanent or deformation-resistant growing medium in the shape of a block, that may hold one or more plants, consists of an active or inactive growing medium and an adhesive or binder providing shape and strength, said adhesive or binder being gypsum (calcium sulphate, CaSO4.2H20). By using gypsum as an adhesive or binder it is possible to make known growing media completely shape-permanent or deformation-resistant in a quite simple way enabling plants to grow and thrive absolutely normally, while the growing medium keeps its original shape under practically any circumstances. When the medium is no longer of use, it may be discarded without any problem and without any costs of disposal.

Abstract: An aqueous composition containing a single compound of a ferrosoferric salt as the active ingredient. The composition has many uses, including use as a rust preventative.

Abstract: An acid-impregnated activated carbon matrix is formed from a carbonaceous material by the addition of a mineral acid, and may be used to chemisorb ammonia from a gas stream. The ammonia reacts with the acid to form a fertilizer salt. The spent matrix may be used as a fertilizer, or the fertilizer salt may be elutriated from the matrix.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition is adapted to stage the controlled release of nutrients such that the composition need only be applied once in a plant's growth cycle, but with individual nutrients releasing at predetermined, staged intervals targeted to the precise needs of plants. Timed release particulate materials are blended to form the composition. The nutrients include a magnesium source (Mg), a potassium source (K), a nitrogen source (N), and a phosphate source (P). The composition is adapted to release each fertilizer nutrient over a period most beneficial to plants' physiological growth.

Abstract: An ammonia and fertilizer production process is based on partial oxidation of fossil fuel, which co-produces polycarbonsuboxide. The four step process is low-cost and low-carbon-dioxide emission. It comprises the steps of reacting fossil fuel with oxygen in air and steam in an electric discharge plasma to produce a gas exit stream of polycarbonsuboxide, hydrogen with associated nitrogen (110); cooling the gas stream to condense and separate the polycarbonsuboxide as a solid polymer (120); compressing the gas stream to pressures for synthesis of ammonia (140); and, converting the gas stream to ammonia by employing a catalytic converter (150). Optional steps involve gas cleanup, which include removal of contaminants from the gas stream and adding hydrogen or nitrogen to the gas stream to adjust the ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen to three to one, respectively, prior to converting the gas stream to ammonia (130).

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for amending the availability of phosphate and other nutrient supplies in soil, especially acidic sandy soils, while ensuring reduced leaching and/or surface runoff of phosphorous and other nutrients. Compositions of the invention comprise granulated dolomite phosphate rock in combination with organic materials, wherein the level and rate of phosphorous and other nutrients released from the composition is controlled. Use of the compositions of the invention increases the availability of phosphorous and other nutrients while eliminating soil acidity, and also stimulates plant growth, enhances plant vigor, and/or improves crop yield.

Abstract: A water-dispersible particle is provided that includes a sulfate or phosphate of potash in an amount ranging from 5% to 99.9% by weight of the total dry weight of the particle. A binder component is present in an amount from 1% to 95% by weight. The sulfate or phosphate of potash and the binder component on that contact with water causes particle dispersion into more than 100 pieces. A process for making a water-dispersible particle includes mechanical aggregation of a sulfate or phosphate of potash into a pellet. A binder component is present in the particle in an amount ranging from 1% to 95% by weight. The sulfate or phosphate of potash and the binder component are present in a form such that contact with water causes particle dispersion into more than 100 pieces. The pellet is then dried and ready to be applied.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel use of the FGD byproduct from thermal power plants and facilities and the specific method for alkali soil amelioration. In this method, after sampling, amount of Na2CO3, NaHCO3, Mg(HCO3)2,±)Na and ±)Mg can be calculated by analysis. According to the component in FGD byproduct from thermal power plants and facilities, the amount for FGD byproduct from thermal power plants and facilities needed in the alkali soil to be ameliorated can be determined. The FGD byproduct from thermal power plants and facilities are scattered on the surface according to the alkalization degree. After irrigating, the soil is operated just like common land. This invention allows the FGD byproduct from thermal power plants and facilities to be utilized effectively and economically, changing from it from waste to a useful substance. Moreover, it provides a method for alkali soil amelioration, which is fast, efficient, consumes less water, is cost effective, and promising.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of potassium octoborate hydrate which comprises the dissolution of boric acid and caustic potash in an aqueous solution brought to a temperature of 95° C., the drying of the product obtained and its grinding into an amorphous powder. Potassium octoborate and its polyhydrate forms obtained are specifically suitable for use in the agronomic field.

Abstract: A permeable composition, a controlled release product, and methods for producing the permeable composition and controlled release product. The permeable composition includes a matrix material, a particulate filler material, and interfacial passageways between the matrix material and the particles of filler material. The matrix material may include a substrate material and a carrier material. The controlled release product is formed by coating a substrate material with at least one layer of the permeable composition. The methods include the steps of applying a degradable surface treatment material to the particles of filler material and then dispersing the surface treated filler material throughout the matrix material so that degradable interfaces are provided between the matrix material and the particles of filler material.

Abstract: A process for transforming sludge into npk type granulated fertilizer in which the energy consume is reduced a 90% thanks to the addition of a special filtration step in which the water content is reduced a 50% and the remaining water is evaporated by the exothermic reaction occurring in the process. Additionally, the process of the present invention includes mechanisms that allow some of the by products generated by some of the reactions such as gypsum, to adsorb crystallization water and reduce the humidity of the mass without using external energy.

Abstract: An antibacterial rockwool growth medium for hydroponics is used for hydroponic growth of rice, flowers and ornamental plants, fruitage, etc. The medium includes a rockwool base used as a culture medium for hydroponics, and an inorganic antibacterial agent is dispersed substantially uniformly onto an overall surface of the rockwool base or a part of the surface of the rockwool base.

Abstract: Fertilizer compositions for plant production are described, comprised of decontaminated manure and Bacillus spores, preferably a humic acid derived from lignite and, optionally, one or more of N compounds, P compounds, K compounds, and combinations of two or more of these compounds. Preferred compositions are those wherein the ingredients are blended into an admixture resulting in a granular product. Other preferred compositions are those blended into an admixture resulting in a powdered product. Preferably, the ingredients are formed into hardened prills or pellets. Processes for production and use are also presented.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a pesticide delivery system, containing a continuous film having a thickness from about 1 ?m to about 1,000 ?m and noncontinuous areas having sizes less than about 100 ?m, the continuous film containing a particulate material wherein at least 90% by weight of the particulate material has a particle size of about 10 microns or less, and a pest control agent at least partially coating the particulate material.

Abstract: The invention includes a seed treatment composition containing plant macronutrients, micronutrients, a pest inhibitor and at least one growth regulator. The composition additionally contains a vitamin component, an amino acid component, a penetrant and an energy source. The invention also includes treated seed having a treatment material on at least a portion of a seed surface. The treatment material contains macronutrients, micronutrients, vitamins, humic acid, a pest inhibitor, a mold inhibitor, an absorbant, a penetrant and growth regulators. The invention includes methods of formulating seed treatment compositions and methods of treating seeds.

Abstract: A controlled release product is provided having a suppressed initial release period and a predetermined longevity. The product includes a particulate water soluble core material and a semi-permeable coating layer applied on the core material for controlling the release rate of the core material.

Abstract: Compositions for increasing the amount of available silica, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur are described herein. The compositions contain calcium silicate (CaSiO2) and magnesium sulfite (MgSO3). Calcium silicate may be in the form of calcium silicate slag. Magnesium sulfite may be a by-product obtained from power plants. In one embodiment, the composition is in granular form and contains 65-90% (wt) calcium silicate slag, 20-30% (wt) magnesium sulfite, 0-5% (wt) expandible clay, and 2-10% (wt) residual moisture (H2O). In a preferred embodiment, the granules contain 31% (wt) silica, 22% (wt) calcium, 3% (wt) magnesium, and 4% (wt) sulfur. In a second embodiment, the composition is non granular and contains 75-90% (wt) calcium silicate slag, 10-20% (wt) magnesium sulfite and 0-10% (wt) H2O. The compositions may be applied to golf courses or residential or commercial lawns to improve the growth of grasses and their resistance to disease and insects.

Abstract: Fertilizer compositions for plant production are described, comprised of decontaminated manure and Bacillus spores, preferably a humic acid derived from lignite and, optionally, one or more of N compounds, P compounds, K compounds, and combinations of two or more of these compounds. Preferred compositions are those wherein the ingredients are blended into an admixture resulting in a granular product. Other preferred compositions are those blended into an admixture resulting in a powdered product. Preferably, the ingredients are formed into hardened prills or pellets. Processes for production and use are also presented.

Abstract: A pellet for use in conditioning soil made of a lignocellulose fiber matrix having up to 20% by weight of a soil conditioning material incorporated therein. The soil conditioning material comprises one or more synthetic soil conditioning polymers and, optionally, additional soil enhancing additives such as fertilizers, gypsum, and calcium salts. The preferred lignocellulose materials are pulp fibers with an alpha-cellulose purity of greater than about 75% by weight, with preferred lignin content of no higher than 10%. The soil conditioning polymers are preferably polyacrylamides (PAMs) or modified PAMs, but may be a combination of other soil conditioning polymers. The pellet is produced by dispersing the polymers into a bath of lignocellulose fibers. The dispersion is then formed into pellets with a pelletizing machine such that the polymer and other soil conditioning material is interspersed within the matrix formed by the pelletized lignocellulose.

Abstract: The subject invention provides methods for producing homogenous organic base fertilizer for plant nutrition and soil fertility. Also provided by the subject invention are value added fertilizer products for plant nutrition and soil fertility and concentrated liquid formulations/nutrient supplements that provide the value added nutrients to fertilizer products. Methods according to the invention involve the application of concentrated liquid(s) and/or dry formulation(s) comprising a mixture of one or more plant nutrient(s), one or more additional organic compound(s), one or more penetrate(s), and one or more optional supplement(s) into one or more organic base material(s). These organic base materials include, and are not limited to, biosolids, activated sludge, municipal compost, animal manures (e.g., horse, cow, chicken, pig, and sheep), and composted organic byproducts.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a fertilizing preparation supplying microelements comprising dissolving, at least partially, at least one fertilizer of the type having a glassy matrix and comprising at least one microelement with an aqueous solution of citric acid (C3H4OH(COOH)3) to obtain a fertilizing preparation supplying microelements in liquid state, the glassy matrix being at least partially soluble in the aqueous solution of citric acid.

Abstract: The use of dilute aqueous water-soluble fertilizer compositions are disclosed to enhance the rewetting of water, uniformity and nutrient retention characteristics of initially untreated plant culture media and soil.