Abstract: Systems and processes for producing ammonia products and/or calcium carbonate products, including but not limited to an organic high sulfur liquid ammonium product and an organic calcium carbonate product from an effluent derived from one or more organic feedstocks. Solids are removed from an organic feedstock that contains a nitrogen compound to produce an organic liquid effluent that contains ammonium and/or ammonia. Ammonia is stripped and concentrated from the organic liquid effluent to produce a gaseous mixture that contains ammonia, and the gaseous mixture is cooled to produce a condensed aqueous ammoniacal nitrogen solution of aqueous ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate, and/or ammonium carbonate. The condensed aqueous ammoniacal nitrogen solution is then contacted with a stabilizing agent to cause a reaction therebetween to produce at least a stabilized ammoniacal nitrogen product.

Abstract: A composite particle and a population of particles comprising a water-insoluble polyphosphate composition, methods of producing, and methods of using the same are provided. The polyphosphate composition may comprise at least one alkaline earth metal selected from calcium and magnesium and optionally at least one nutrient ion selected from the group consisting of potassium, ammonium, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, boron, chlorine, iodine, molybdenum, selenium or sulfur.

Abstract: The invention employs composites of zeolite and ferric oxide hydroxide for removal of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus wastes from animal environments.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer material comprising a particulate plant nutrient surrounded by a coating of a mixture including an isocyanate and a polyol, and further comprising a modified wax that may include a polyhydroxyl compound in which the wax and/or the polyhydroxyl compound are cross-linked with a sulfur or oxygen or a peroxide cross-linking moiety. In certain embodiments, the wax and polyhydroxyl compound are cross-linked at unsaturated sites in the wax or polyhydroxyl compound using heat, UV or ionizing radiation.

Abstract: A substantially dry, flowable adjuvant compositions comprising, based on 100 parts by weight (“pbw”) of the adjuvant composition: (a) from about 25 pbw to about 75 pbw of a polysaccharide and (b) from about 75 pbw to about 20 pbw of a salt composition. In one embodiment, the salt composition is diammonium hydrogen phosphate, sodium carbonate or a combination thereof, and the polysaccharide is a derivatized guar. Also disclosed are methods of preparing such agricultural compositions comprising adding, to a heel solution, (a) a water dispersible adjuvant composition, in an amount effective to provide deposition and/or drift control properties, comprising, based on 100 pbw of the adjuvant composition: (i) from about 25 pbw to about 75 pbw of a polysaccharide, and (ii) from about 75 pbw to about 20 pbw of a salt composition, wherein an aqueous solution of the adjuvant composition has a pH value of between about 7 and about 12, and (b) an effective amount of an active.

Abstract: Animal waste is processed to form a biomaterial that is employed as a coating layer for typical fertilizer particles. The biomaterial coating layer can be used neat or with additives and serves to do one or more or any combination of the following: (a) impart a slow or controlled release property to the fertilizer, (b) prevent or reduce the tendency of the fertilizer particles to cake together, or (c) prevent or reduce the tendency of the fertilizer particles to create dust. The biomaterial coating layer can also release nutrients when used as part of a fertilizer composition.

Abstract: Particulate compositions of reverted superphosphate substantially free of free acid containing at least one nitrification inhibitor and their methods of preparation and use

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer composition and methods to produce the controlled release fertilizer composition are described. The controlled release fertilizer composition comprises a water soluble fertilizer core that is coated with a polymeric layer, intermediate layer, and a sulfur layer. If desired, the sulfur layer can be coated with an outer water-insoluble layer.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a process for the manufacture of sulphur-containing fertilizer compositions, said process comprising the steps of: a) providing a slurry of at least one phosphate-based fertilizer material selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphates, ammonium phosphate based nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) compounds, super phosphates and partially acidulated phosphate rocks; b} bringing said slurry into contact with at least one surfactant and elemental sulphur; and c) introducing the mixture obtained in step b) into a granulator unit in order to obtain granules of the fertilizer composition, wherein the elemental sulphur is present in an amount in the range of form 1 to 25 wt. %, based on the total weight of the fertilizer composition The present invention also provides a fertilizer composition.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to consume raw food cultivated in appropriate soil. The constitution of the health food is: consuming cereals including rices and wheats with or without husk, millets, pulses, tubers, leaf vegetables, fruit vegetables, rosette crops, root vegetables, citrus fruits, fruits, melons, seaweeds, and liverworts etc. as is; or consuming powders thereof, or by soaking in water so as to process to a degree that cell are not destructed (or if cells are destructed, the whole of leaf vegetables including root, stem, and leaf or a portion thereof are consumed as e.g. juice) and consuming without processing treatment including heating, boiling in water, or steaming; or these cereals, millets, or pulses are soaked in water to allow sprouting, and consumed at around the time of sprouting without processing treatment including heating, boiling in water, or steaming.

Abstract: The invention employs composites of zeolite and ferric oxide hydroxide for removal of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus wastes from animal environments.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of sulphur-containing fertilizer compositions, comprising the steps of: a} providing a slurry of at least one phosphate-based fertilizer material selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphates, ammonium phosphate based nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) compounds, super phosphates and partially acidulated phosphate rocks; b) bringing said slurry into contact with at least one anionic surfactant and elemental sulphur; c) introducing the mixture obtained in step b} into a granulator unit in order to obtain granules of the fertilizer composition, wherein the at least one phosphate-based fertilizer material is present in an amount in the range of at least 50 wt. %, the elemental sulphur is present in an amount in the range of from 1 to 25 wt. % and the anionic surfactant is present in an amount in the range of from 0.001 to 3 wt. % based on the overall weight of the fertilizer composition. The present invention also provides a fertilizer composition.

Abstract: Multiple-component fertilizer materials and methods of use are provided, wherein the fertilizer materials include first and second fertilizer products respectively including an ammoniacal fertilizer (e.g., urea) in combination with a partial calcium salt of a selected copolymer, and a phosphorous fertilizer (e.g., DAP) in combination with a partial sodium salt of a selected copolymer. The copolymer fractions of the first and second fertilizer products are most preferably copolymers of itaconic acid and maleic anhydride. The fertilizer materials give synergistically enhanced crop yields when applied to soil or growing plants.

Abstract: Abstract Provided is a freely flowing particulate fertilizer essentially consisting of potassium phosphate of the formula K3H3(PO4)2 and of less than 8 wt % water. The stable and not caking fertilizer is characterized by an XRD signal corresponding to 2-theta of about 70°. An economic process for making the fertilizer is also provided.

Abstract: A water insoluble micronutrient fertilizer, methods of producing, and methods of using the same are provided. The fertilizer may comprise at least one first micronutrient selected from the group consisting of chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc; a polyphosphate; and optionally at least one second micronutrient selected from the group consisting of boron, chlorine, iodine, molybdenum or selenium. The fertilizer compounds are preferably water insoluble, dilute acid soluble, and free-flowing powders.

Abstract: A composition has a core of at least one fertilizer substance and at least one layer of a coating material surrounding the core. The core may contain nitrogen and the coating material may include one or more linear, saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A composition which provides bactericidal, fungicidal and insecticidal activity when treating plants with effective amounts. The composition comprises the blending of: (1) an aqueous salicylate solution from salicylic acid reacted in an aqueous media with ammonium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; (2) a reaction mixture that provides fungicidal activity and fertilizes plants when applied in an effective amount and which comprises potassium phosphates, potassium polyphosphate, potassium phosphites, and potassium polyphosphite and potassium phosphate phosphite copolymers; and, optionally, (3) aqueous potassium acetate.

Abstract: A composite particle and a population of particles comprising a water-insoluble polyphosphate composition, methods of producing, and methods of using the same are provided. The polyphosphate composition may comprise at least one alkaline earth metal selected from calcium and magnesium and optionally at least one nutrient ion selected from the group consisting of potassium, ammonium, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, boron, chlorine, iodine, molybdenum, selenium or sulfur.

Abstract: Multiple-component fertilizer materials and methods of use are provided, wherein the fertilizer materials include first and second fertilizer products respectively including an ammoniacal fertilizer (e.g., urea) in combination with a partial calcium salt of a selected copolymer, and a phosphorous fertilizer (e.g., DAP) in combination with a partial sodium salt of a selected copolymer. The copolymer fractions of the first and second fertilizer products are most preferably copolymers of itaconic acid and maleic anhydride. The fertilizer materials give synergistically enhanced crop yields when applied to soil or growing plants.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a process for the manufacture of sulphur-containing fertilizer compositions, said process comprising the steps of: a) providing a slurry of at least one phosphate-based fertilizer material selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphates, ammonium phosphate based nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) compounds, super phosphates and partially acidulated phosphate rocks; b} bringing said slurry into contact with at least one surfactant and elemental sulphur; and c) introducing the mixture obtained in step b) into a granulator unit in order to obtain granules of the fertilizer composition, wherein the elemental sulphur is present in an amount in the range of form 1 to 25 wt. %, based on the total weight of the fertilizer composition The present invention also provides a fertilizer composition.

Abstract: A water-dispersible particle is provided that includes struvite in an amount ranging from 5% to 99.9% by weight of the total dry weight of the particle. A binder component is present in an amount from 1% to 95% by weight. The struvite and the binder component on that contact with water causes particle dispersion into more than 100 pieces. A process for making a water-dispersible particle includes mechanical aggregation of a struvite into a pellet. A binder component is present in the particle in an amount ranging from 1% to 95% by weight. The struvite and the binder component are present in a form such that contact with water causes particle dispersion into more than 100 pieces. The particle is then dried and ready to be applied.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition including a base fertilizer granule with a barrier coating and one or more micronutrients. The base fertilizer material is coated with a barrier coating, and then a coating of one or more micronutrients. Alternatively, the base fertilizer material is coated with a barrier coating having discrete particles of micronutrients dispersed throughout. The barrier coating acts to physically and chemically isolate the micronutrient particles from the underlying fertilizer composition such that more of the micronutrient is available to the soil solution, and ultimately to the root zone of the plant.

Abstract: A vegetable based fluidic fertilizer derived from concentrated separator by-products (CSB.) The CSB is heat treated and optionally filtered to remove suspended particular matter. The heat treatment is performed in a range of about 150 to 200 degrees F. for about 24 to 96 hours. Filtration is provided using a standard wire mesh size in a range of about 50 to 200. The fertilizer may then be applied at about 25 to 200 gallons per acre. The fertilizer may be applied to agricultural vegetation either directly or by inclusion in an irrigation stream.

Abstract: Provided is a freely flowing particulate fertilizer essentially consisting of potassium phosphate of the formula K3H3(PO4)2 and of less than 8 wt % water. The stable and not caking fertilizer is characterized by an XRD signal corresponding to 2-theta of about 70°. An economic process for making the fertilizer is also provided consisting in reacting KOH and monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) in water, heating the mixture under vacuum and cooling it down, thereby obtaining the particulate fertilizer.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of nitrogen- or calcium-containing fertilizers to improve the performance of S-(+)-abscisic acid (S-ABA, ABA) or ABA salts on plants. This invention also relates to the use of ABA to reduce the phytotoxicity of foliar applied fertilizers.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer composition and methods to produce the controlled release fertilizer composition are described. The controlled release fertilizer composition comprises a water soluble fertilizer core that is coated with a polymeric layer, intermediate layer, and a sulfur layer. If desired, the sulfur layer can be coated with an outer water-insoluble layer.

Abstract: Several compositions of matter have been discovered that can be used in the manufacture of slow-release fertilizers that contain all of the essential elements needed by plants and humans. Slow-release fertilizers manufactured with these formulations can be used on mineral stressed soils to increase the quality and production of food crops grown on them. Additives, including phosphogypsum, silica sand, natural gypsum, clay, and coal dust, facilitate the timing of the release of the essential elements into the soil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of plant growth stimulator from fly ash, comprising treating fly ash with effluent NOx gases in a reactor under agitation at a temperature in the range of 60 to 100 degree celsius, for a time period in the range of 2 to 5 hours and treating the resulting material with effluent ammonia gas in the same reactor under ambient conditions for time period in the range of 20 to 50 minutes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a buffered phosphorus containing solution comprising at least one phosphorus compound selected from the group consisting of phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, polyphosphorous acid polyhypophosphorous acid, and salts thereof. The solution also contains a buffer including an organic base in the form of a nitrogen containing compound and its conjugate acid. The solution may be used as a fertilizer or as a fungicide. The invention also relates to a method of preparing such a solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to free-flowing, powder fertilizer compositions characterized by having enhanced aqueous dissolution rates and being able to produce drift reduced aqueous agricultural spray medium. Specifically, the compositions are water-soluble, nitrogen-containing fertilizers physically blended with a guar gum drift reduction agent and a silicone defoaming agent either encapsulated or absorbed in an agricultural carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid water soluble fertilizer composition containing one or more fertilizer materials and a phosphate free, organic acid which is solid at ambient temperatures. The fertilizer materials include primary macro nutrients, secondary macro nutrients, micro nutrients and mixtures thereof. The organic acid has a water solubility of at least 10 g/l (at 25° C.) and an acidifying effect in the range of 0.5 to 1.3 g HCO3−/g acid. The acidifying effect is defined as the amount of HCO3− that can be transformed into H2CO3 per gram of acid and is calculated in accordance with the following formula: 61 ⁢ n M w , acid wherein Mw,acid is the molecular weight of said acid and n represents the number of dissociation constants (i.e., pKa values) of the acid below the value of 6.35.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stable, concentrated aqueous fertilizer suspension, which can be diluted with water to provide a working solution. The suspension contains 10 to 60% by weight of water and 40 to 90% by weight of a plant nutrient composition based on at least a calcium, and/or a magnesium and a phosphate ion, and the suspension comprises at least one plant nutrient containing water-insoluble solid particles with a particle size less than 50 .mu.m, the pH of the suspension being in the range of 0.5 to less than 2.

Abstract: The invention relates to free-flowing, powder fertilizer compositions characterized by having enhanced aqueous dissolution rates and being able to produce drift reduced aqueous agricultural spray medium.Specifically, the compositions are water-soluble, nitrogen-containing fertilizers physically blended with a guar gum drift reduction agent and a silicone defoaming agent either encapsulated or absorbed in an agricultural carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stable aqueous fertilizer suspension suitable for drip irrigation, which suspension contains 5-55% by weight water and 45-95% by weight of one or several plant-nutrient containing substances, of which at least one contains water-insoluble solid particles, the particle size of the solid particles contained in the suspension being less than 50 .mu.m and the pH of the suspension being within the range 2-7. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of this suspension.

Abstract: A method for producing a dry bonded solid nonionic surfactant/fertilizer adjuvant system comprising spray-coating dry water-soluble, nitrogen-containing fertilizer particles, preferably diammonium sulfate with the surfactant composition and the coated compositions produced thereby.

Abstract: An agricultural fertilizer material is provided which is resistant to agglomeration, powdering and burning of plant life and which is made up of lightweight blast furnace slag having a water content in the range of about 3% to 5% and mixed with about 10% to 35% by weight of a mixture of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash as conventional nutrient salts, said salts and nitrogen being present in amounts sufficient to provide at least 1% by weight of nitrogen on the total mix and said slag having a CaO equivalent of about 20% to 25%.

Abstract: To make non-pressure nitrogenous fertilizer solutions, nitrogen oxides are prepared in a continuous process by burning ammonia in contact with a cobalt oxide catalyst started by an electric arc without preheating the gases. This burning forms nitrogen oxides which are reacted under negative pressure in a two-stage system. Nitric acid is formed in the first stage from a portion of the oxides by oxidizing them to nitrogen dioxide and reacting the nitrogen dioxide with water. In the second stage, the remaining nitrogen oxides are reacted at a pH between 8.0 and 8.4 in a gas-liquid contacting apparatus with an ammonium hydroxide reaction liquid, formed by mixing ammonia and water. The ammonium nitrite solution formed in the second stage is mixed with the nitric acid at a pH below 0.2, resulting in a solution of acidic ammonium nitrate to be flowed to the fields with irrigation water.

Abstract: To make non-pressure nitrogenous fertilizer solutions, nitrogen oxides are prepared in a continuous process by burning ammonia in contact with a cobalt oxide catalyst started by an electric arc without pre-heating the gases. This burning forms nitrogen oxides which are reacted under negative pressure in a two-stage system. Nitric acid is formed in the first stage from a portion of the oxides by oxidizing them to nitrogen dioxide and reacting the nitrogen dioxide with water. In the second stage, the remaining nitrogen oxides are reacted at a pH between 8.0 and 8.4 in a gas-liquid contacting apparatus with an ammonium hydroxide reaction liquid, formed by mixing ammonia and water. The ammonium nitrite solution formed in the second stage is mixed with the nitric acid at a pH below 0.2, resulting in a solution of acidic ammonium nitrate to be flowed to the fields with irrigation water.

Abstract: To make and use nitrogenous fertilizer on a farm, nitrogen dioxide is prepared in a continuous process from air or from ammonia in a reactor, with the ammonia either being transported to the farm or being prepared on the farm in a continuous process from water and air. The nitrogen dioxide is mixed with a continuous flow of water to form a dilute solution of nitric acid, which may be applied to the field through the irrigation system as top dressing or mixed within the irrigation system with ammonia or other cations to form ammonium nitrate or other desired nitrogen solutions for application to the fields in a continuous process or concentrated without requiring storage of large amounts of gas or creating heat exchange problems in the manufacturing process. In the embodiment which burns ammonia, the nitrogen oxides are fixed on an 8 percent nickel stainless steel mesh in a column 10 feet high and one foot in diameter and oxidized while fixed to nitrogen dioxide.

Abstract: Organic reaction mixtures, particularly of mixtures containing contaminant organic phosphorus compounds and/or sulfur, are worked up by introducing the mixture into water which has been made alkaline and has a temperature of from -10.degree. to +50.degree. C., a pH value of at least 10 being maintained in the resulting mixture, separating the aqueous phase from the sulfur which separates out; and contacting the aqueous phase or the sulfur which has separated out with nitric acid at an elevated temperature and a pH of below 3.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for preparing fertilizers containing dicalcium phosphate from phosphates of mineral origin by mechanical activation. According to the invention grains larger than 5 mm of the sized or unsized starting phosphate compound of mineral origin are granulated up to a grain size of 1 to 4 mm, the granulated phosphate obtained is admixed with monocalcium phosphate and the phosphate crystals are activated by colliding the grains of the mixture at a speed of 70 to 120 m/sec.The fertilizer prepared according to the invention possesses numerous advantages over the known phosphate fertilizers from technological and applicational point of view as well.

Abstract: A water soluble mixed fertilizer composition in solid form and a method of producing the fertilizer composition. The fertilizer comprises a mixture of urea, phosphoric acid and at least one potassium salt selected from the class comprising potassium sulphate, potassium nitrate and potassium chloride. Ammonium salts selected from the class comprising ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate may optionally also be added to the mixtures. Solid fertilizer compositions possible according to this invention include compositions which contain between 5 and 42% nitrogen, between 2 and 15% phosphorus and between 1 and 38% potassium, these values being elemental mass as a percentage relative to the total mass of the composition.

Abstract: A biologically active slow release medium consisting of vitreous matrix including one or more water soluble biologically active constituents together with phosphorus pentoxide which vitreous matrix may include one or more dispersed phases, the vitreous matrix having a slow rate of solution in water, such that when the medium is immersed in water biologically active constituents are slowly released into solution. Nitrogen releasing material is also incorporated into the vitreous (glass) matrix, using an inorganic material that can be added to a melt of the glass to be formed.