Abstract: A method of reducing dust formation and/or caking in fertilizer or other particulates. The method comprises coating the fertilizer or other particulate in a coating comprising vacuum tower asphalt extender (VTAE). The VTAE may be a non-distilled fraction of vacuum distillation of used automotive and/or industrial oil. The VTAE may not be asphalt or bitumen, although the coating may further comprise bitumen.

Abstract: Compositions of a slow-release nitrogen-containing fertilizer and iron chelated to an aminopolycarboxylic acid or a polycarboxylic acid. The composition can be useful as a fertilizer for rapid greening of turfgrass.

Abstract: A water insoluble micronutrient fertilizer, methods of producing, and methods of using the same are provided. The fertilizer may comprise at least one first micronutrient selected from the group consisting of chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc; a polyphosphate; and optionally at least one second micronutrient selected from the group consisting of boron, chlorine, iodine, molybdenum or selenium. The fertilizer compounds are preferably water insoluble, dilute acid soluble, and free-flowing powders.

Abstract: A water-insoluble phosphate fertilizer, methods of producing, and methods of using the same are provided. The fertilizer may comprise at least one alkaline earth metal selected from calcium and magnesium and optionally at least one nutrient ion selected from the group consisting of potassium, ammonium, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, boron, chlorine, iodine, molybdenum or selenium. The fertilizer compounds are preferably water-insoluble, dilute acid-soluble, and free-flowing powders.

Abstract: A composite particle and a population of particles comprising a water-insoluble polyphosphate composition, methods of producing, and methods of using the same are provided. The polyphosphate composition may comprise at least one alkaline earth metal selected from calcium and magnesium and optionally at least one nutrient ion selected from the group consisting of potassium, ammonium, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, boron, chlorine, iodine, molybdenum, selenium or sulfur.

Abstract: Fertilizer granules and methods of producing fertilizer granules. The fertilizer granules are formed from a fertilizer composition, such as a phosphate fertilizer, includes a fibrous material for the purpose of increasing the granule strength preventing or reducing attrition or dusting formation during storage, transport, and/or handling of the fertilizer. Dust formation can be reduced fifty percent or more. The base fertilizer composition can include a phosphate fertilizer, such as monoammonium phosphate (MAP) or diammonium phosphate (DAP), and optionally one or more micronutrients or secondary nutrients, such as elemental sulfur. The fibrous material is pulp or paper sludge, for example.

Abstract: A fertilizer product for delivering starter fertilizer to crops in soils as an alternative to traditional phosphorus applications to enhance rapid early plant development. Specifically, the fertilizer product comprises a synergistic mixture of: from about 0.5 to about 1 part Mg: from about 2.4 to about 2.8 parts P2O5: from about 1.4 to about 2.8 parts Zn.

Abstract: A water soluble liquid fertilizer concentrate is provided that includes a bio-available phosphorus source, said phosphorus source consisting essentially of a phosphite salt. At least one of a bio-available nitrogen source and a bio-available potassium source are also provided. At least one micronutrient of calcium, magnesium, cobalt, iron, manganese, copper, boron, zinc, or molybdenum is present in the concentrate as an aqueous solute or soluble chelates. In some embodiments, the at least one phosphite salt is present at between 30 to 57 total weight percent dissolved in water and optionally contains a phosphate salt. A process of fertilizing a crop includes diluting the fertilizer concentrate with water to obtain a liquid fertilizer solution. The liquid fertilizer solution is then applied to the crop and after by allowing sufficient time, the fertilizer solution promotes growth of the crop.

Abstract: An engineered soilless plant cultivation medium for potting applications includes specific balanced amounts of nutrient additives. Major nutrient cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na, H) are balanced according to optimal base saturation percentage ranges. Nutrient levels, namely, the amount of major nutrient cations, major nutrient anions and minor nutrients satisfy desired ranges for both standard Mehlich III soil extraction tests and saturated paste tests.

Abstract: A nutrient composition for biological systems, such as humans, animals, plants or microorganisms includes at least one monometallic or mixed-metallic phosphate of the (M1 M2 M3 . . . Mx)3(PO4)2.aH2O type where 0?a?9, where (M1, M2, M3 . . . Mx) represent the one metal of the monometallic phosphate or the two or more metals of the mixed-metallic phosphate and are selected from Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and B, with the proviso that at least one of the metals in the phosphate is selected from Mn, Fe, Co and Ni.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer material comprising a particulate plant nutrient surrounded by a coating of a mixture including an isocyanate and a polyol, and further comprising a modified wax that may include a polyhydroxyl compound in which the wax and/or the polyhydroxyl compound are cross-linked with a sulfur or oxygen or a peroxide cross-linking moiety. In certain embodiments, the wax and polyhydroxyl compound are cross-linked at unsaturated sites in the wax or polyhydroxyl compound using heat, UV or ionizing radiation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coating composition for a fertilizer comprising at least 50 wt % of a cross-linked lipid; and less than 0.20 wt %, relative to the total weight of the lipid, of a catalyst for cross-linking an unsaturated lipid. The cross-linked lipid has a viscosity at 20 degree Celsius (° C.) in the range of 110 and 800 mPa·s.

Abstract: A method of producing a granulated and compacted fertilizer having incorporated micronutrients in which the granulated primary nutrient and micronutrients are mixed at smaller particle sizes before being compacted into a larger, easier to handle particle sizes.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition is provided that includes sulphur and rock phosphate. The fertilizer composition can be a controlled release fertilizer that includes elemental sulphur, a rock phosphate, and a swelling material. The rock phosphate is present in the fertilizer composition in low amounts, e.g., 5% by weight or less. The fertilizer composition can be produced by mixing molten elemental sulphur with rock phosphate and cooling the mixture.

Abstract: Animal waste is processed to form a biomaterial that is employed as a coating layer for typical fertilizer particles. The biomaterial coating layer can be used neat or with additives and serves to do one or more or any combination of the following: (a) impart a slow or controlled release property to the fertilizer, (b) prevent or reduce the tendency of the fertilizer particles to cake together, or (c) prevent or reduce the tendency of the fertilizer particles to create dust. The biomaterial coating layer can also release nutrients when used as part of a fertilizer composition.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer composition and methods to produce the controlled release fertilizer composition are described. The controlled release fertilizer composition comprises a water soluble fertilizer core that is coated with a polymeric layer, intermediate layer, and a sulfur layer. If desired, the sulfur layer can be coated with an outer water-insoluble layer.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a process for the manufacture of sulphur-containing fertilizer compositions, said process comprising the steps of: a) providing a slurry of at least one phosphate-based fertilizer material selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphates, ammonium phosphate based nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) compounds, super phosphates and partially acidulated phosphate rocks; b} bringing said slurry into contact with at least one surfactant and elemental sulphur; and c) introducing the mixture obtained in step b) into a granulator unit in order to obtain granules of the fertilizer composition, wherein the elemental sulphur is present in an amount in the range of form 1 to 25 wt. %, based on the total weight of the fertilizer composition The present invention also provides a fertilizer composition.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of sulphur-containing fertilizer compositions, comprising the steps of: a} providing a slurry of at least one phosphate-based fertilizer material selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphates, ammonium phosphate based nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) compounds, super phosphates and partially acidulated phosphate rocks; b) bringing said slurry into contact with at least one anionic surfactant and elemental sulphur; c) introducing the mixture obtained in step b} into a granulator unit in order to obtain granules of the fertilizer composition, wherein the at least one phosphate-based fertilizer material is present in an amount in the range of at least 50 wt. %, the elemental sulphur is present in an amount in the range of from 1 to 25 wt. % and the anionic surfactant is present in an amount in the range of from 0.001 to 3 wt. % based on the overall weight of the fertilizer composition. The present invention also provides a fertilizer composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a particularly basic inorganic soil conditioner containing an inorganic carbonate as the base thereof, characterised in that it comprises at least one “dynamic disintegration” agent capable of causing a breakdown, considerable fragmentation, dispersion, and considerable “dispersion” within the granule, i.e. a force inside and/or on the surface of the granule that tends to cause the granule to break down or “explode” when said granule contacts the soil, and specifically contacts the water or moisture of the soil, and in that said carbonate is preferably natural or precipitated calcium carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of converting limestone into tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) and tetra-calcium phosphate (TTCP) powder simultaneously. In particular, the method provides for a method of converting limestone into TCP and CTTCP powder simultaneously having specific particle size and with specific crystallographic structure.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition comprising a phosphite ingredient that that is individually effective against both fungal and bacterial plant pathogens is disclosed. The fertilizer composition is useful as a fertilizer, fungicide, and bactericide when applied to plants. A method of making the fertilizer composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: A granular material employed as a fungicide or a fertilizer or both, comprising phosphorous acid (H3PO3) or phosphite (which may include HPO3), along with a metal and phosphate on a granular carrier; or a mixture of a phosphite product and a phosphate product on a granular carrier; or mixture of a metal phosphite product and phosphate on a granular carrier. The mixture may contain a chelated metal on a granular carrier. Another mixture includes a phosphite product on a first granular carrier, and a phosphate product on a second granular carrier wherein the two are mixed and the phosphite product and the phosphate product may or may not include a metal ion. Alternatively the mixture may also contain a chelated metal on a third granular carrier. The compositions herein are preferably equipped with a time release mechanism.

Abstract: A water-dispersible particle is provided that includes organic origin potash in an amount ranging from 5% to 99.9% by weight of the total dry weight of the particle. A binder component is present in an amount from 1% to 95% by weight. The organic origin potash and the binder component on that contact with water causes particle dispersion into more than 100 pieces. A process for making a water-dispersible particle includes mechanical aggregation of the potash into a pellet. A binder component is present in the particle in an amount ranging from 1% to 95% by weight. The potash and the binder component are present in a form such that contact with water causes particle dispersion into more than 100 pieces. The pellet is then dried and ready to be applied.

Abstract: A composition to enhance efficiency of Photosynthesis and thereby increase agriculture/horticulture yield, containing approximately 5% to 90% Melamine, approximately 10% to 80% Ortho Phosphoric acid, approximately 8% POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE, approximately 8% Sodium Hydroxide, and up to approximately 30% POTASSIUM SULPHATE, with approximately 5% of 0.5% DIETHYL AMINOETHYL HEXANOTE, approximately 10% ZINC SULPHATE MONOHYDRATE, approximately 8% to 15% Octoborate with IGSURF 6000, and approximately 5% to 10% wetting agent to get a product for boosting Photosynthesis in liquid, soluble powder, and/or granule form.

Abstract: A composition has a core of at least one fertilizer substance and at least one layer of a coating material surrounding the core. The core may contain nitrogen and the coating material may include one or more linear, saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A composition which provides bactericidal, fungicidal and insecticidal activity when treating plants with effective amounts. The composition comprises the blending of: (1) an aqueous salicylate solution from salicylic acid reacted in an aqueous media with ammonium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; (2) a reaction mixture that provides fungicidal activity and fertilizes plants when applied in an effective amount and which comprises potassium phosphates, potassium polyphosphate, potassium phosphites, and potassium polyphosphite and potassium phosphate phosphite copolymers; and, optionally, (3) aqueous potassium acetate.

Abstract: A composite particle and a population of particles comprising a water-insoluble polyphosphate composition, methods of producing, and methods of using the same are provided. The polyphosphate composition may comprise at least one alkaline earth metal selected from calcium and magnesium and optionally at least one nutrient ion selected from the group consisting of potassium, ammonium, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, boron, chlorine, iodine, molybdenum, selenium or sulfur.

Abstract: A water-insoluble phosphate fertilizer, methods of producing, and methods of using the same are provided. The fertilizer may comprise at least one alkaline earth metal selected from calcium and magnesium and optionally at least one nutrient ion selected from the group consisting of potassium, ammonium, zinc, iron, manganese, copper, boron, chlorine, iodine, molybdenum or selenium. The fertilizer compounds are preferably water-insoluble, dilute acid-soluble, and free-flowing powders.

Abstract: An agronomic carrier coated with an acidifying agent and a method for preparing same is described.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of water insoluble bio-release micronutrient fertilizers, containing iron and manganese with either zinc and/or copper, comprising (a) heating orthophosphoric acid at a temperature of 130° C.-150° C. with a mixture of (i) source of iron oxide, (ii) manganese dioxide or pyrolusite, and (iii) either or both compounds of zinc or copper selected from zinc ash or zinc oxide and cupric oxide, or cupric sulphate or cupric chloride and (iii) a basic compound such as oxide or carbonate of magnesium or calcium, to produce a multi-metallic polyphosphate; (b) neutralization of the polyphosphate with a basic compound followed by drying and pulverization to obtain a solid powdery material.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of an aqueous composition that is a combination of a fungicide and fertilizer comprising the following steps: (1) dissolving phosphorous acid in phosphoric acid to form a solution of an acid mixture; (2) reacting the acid mixture of step (1) with an aqueous hydroxide solution creating an exothermic reaction under pressure; and, (3) cooling the reaction product to between about 35° C. to about 65° C. The reaction product prepared according to the above process can also be used as a bactericide.

Abstract: A method of removing phosphonates from water includes directing the water into a first settling zone. The water is then directed to a membrane filtration zone and is filtered therein to produce a concentrate containing phosphonates. The concentrate containing phosphonates is then contacted with sludge such that at least some of the phosphonates in the concentrate are adsorbed onto the sludge. Flocculant is added to the sludge and the concentrate to form a floc-mixture which is directed to a second settling zone to form treated concentrate.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for depositing agents relatively deep within pores of bio-char. Bio-char is first produced in an airtight oven by heating biomass feedstock. The bio-char is then cooled and steam is diffused into the pores of the bio-char. The steam-laden bio-char is immersed in a liquid bath containing soluble agents that are to be deposited in the pores of the bio-char. The liquid bath cools the char to below the condensation temperature of the steam, whereupon the condensing steam generates a partial vacuum within the pores, drawing the liquid into the pores. The bio-char is then removed from the liquid bath and dried so that the liquid within the pores evaporates, leaving behind the soluble agent. Accordingly, the invention yields bio-char that has soluble agent embedded relatively deep within its pores.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of an aqueous composition that is a combination of a fungicide and fertilizer comprising the following steps: (1) dissolving phosphorous acid in phosphoric acid to form a solution of an acid mixture; (2) reacting the acid mixture of step (1) with an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution at a temperature of about 65° C. to about 260° C. in a continuous reactor while maintaining the ratio of potassium to phosphorous in various mole ratios thereby forming a reaction mixture comprising potassium phosphates, potassium polyphosphates, potassium phosphites, and potassium polyphosphites and potassium phosphate phosphite copolymers; and, (3) cooling the reaction mixture rapidly at least 1° C. to 60° C., to below about 35° C. to about 65° C. Using a similar process a composition having fungicidal properties is prepared by reaction phosphoric acid with potassium hydroxide. The reaction mixtures prepared according to each of the above processes are also part of this invention.

Abstract: There is provided a water purification material including: a composite metal hydroxide exhibiting a layered structure and including iron ions, calcium ions, and at least one of nitrogen ions and sulfur ions; and at least one of calcium hydroxide and ferric hydroxide, in which a main peak intensity due to at least one of the calcium hydroxide and the ferric hydroxide measured by x-ray crystal structure analysis is equal to or less than half a main peak intensity due to the layered structure of the composite metal hydroxide.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of sulphur-containing fertilizer compositions, comprising the steps of: a} providing a slurry of at least one phosphate-based fertilizer material selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphates, ammonium phosphate based nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) compounds, super phosphates and partially acidulated phosphate rocks; b) bringing said slurry into contact with at least one anionic surfactant and elemental sulphur; c) introducing the mixture obtained in step b} into a granulator unit in order to obtain granules of the fertilizer composition, wherein the at least one phosphate-based fertilizer material is present in an amount in the range of at least 50 wt. %, the elemental sulphur is present in an amount in the range of from 1 to 25 wt. % and the anionic surfactant is present in an amount in the range of from 0.001 to 3 wt. % based on the overall weight of the fertilizer composition. The present invention also provides a fertilizer composition.

Abstract: A macronutrient sustained release composition for a plant locus having nitrogen containing macronutrient compound adsorbed on the surface of hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles, and a process for preparation thereof. The macronutrient adsorbed hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles are encapsulated within cavities present in wood such that the biodegradation of the wood releases the adsorbed macronutrient compounds in a slow and sustained manner to the soil. Further, the macronutrient particles are encapsulated within the cell cavities of wood and wood is coated with cellulose modified hydroxyapatite phosphate nanoparticles such that the rupture of the nanocoating initiates the nitrogen release followed by the biodegradation of the wood releases the rest of the adsorbed macronutrient compounds in a slow and sustained manner to the soil.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition including a base fertilizer granule with a barrier coating and one or more micronutrients. The base fertilizer material is coated with a barrier coating, and then a coating of one or more micronutrients. Alternatively, the base fertilizer material is coated with a barrier coating having discrete particles of micronutrients dispersed throughout. The barrier coating acts to physically and chemically isolate the micronutrient particles from the underlying fertilizer composition such that more of the micronutrient is available to the soil solution, and ultimately to the root zone of the plant.

Abstract: A solid free-flowing particulate fertilizer composition is provided, as well as a method of manufacturing same. The composition has low tendency to caking, is easy for storage and manipulation, dissolves rapidly and completely in water, and can be used directly as a fertilizer or serves in the preparation of concentrated aqueous fertilizer compositions comprising otherwise scarcely soluble nutrients.

Abstract: Particulate compositions of reverted superphosphate substantially free of free acid containing at least one nitrification inhibitor and their methods of preparation and use

Abstract: An encapsulated particle comprises a core particle and a polyurethane layer disposed about the core particle. The core particle can be various particles, such as fertilizer, biocides, flame retardants, seeds, etc. The polyurethane layer comprises the reaction product of an isocyanate component and an isocyanate-reactive component. The isocyanate-reactive component comprises a graft polyol having a continuous phase and polymeric particles. A method of forming the encapsulated particle comprises the steps of providing the core particle, applying the isocyanate and isocyanate-reactive components to the core particle, and reacting the isocyanate and isocyanate-reactive components to form the polyurethane layer. The encapsulated particle has excellent physical properties, such as increased water repellency, resiliency and shelf life.

Abstract: Provided is a freely flowing particulate fertilizer essentially consisting of potassium phosphate of the formula K3H3(PO4)2 and of less than 8 wt % water. The stable and not caking fertilizer is characterized by an XRD signal corresponding to 2-theta of about 70°. An economic process for making the fertilizer is also provided consisting in reacting KOH and monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) in water, heating the mixture under vacuum and cooling it down, thereby obtaining the particulate fertilizer.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of nitrogen- or calcium-containing fertilizers to improve the performance of S-(+)-abscisic acid (S-ABA, ABA) or ABA salts on plants. This invention also relates to the use of ABA to reduce the phytotoxicity of foliar applied fertilizers.

Abstract: A water insoluble micronutrient fertilizer, methods of producing, and methods of using the same are provided. The fertilizer may comprise at least one first micronutrient selected from the group consisting of chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc; a polyphosphate; and optionally at least one second micronutrient selected from the group consisting of boron, chlorine, iodine, molybdenum or selenium.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of water insoluble bio-release micronutrient fertilizers, containing iron and manganese with either zinc and/or copper, comprising (a) heating orthophosphoric acid at a temperature of 130° C.-150° C. with a mixture of (i) source of iron oxide, (ii) manganese dioxide or pyrolusite, and (iii) either or both compounds of zinc or copper selected from zinc ash or zinc oxide and cupric oxide, or cupric sulphate or cupric chloride and (iii) a basic compound such as oxide or carbonate of magnesium or calcium, to produce a multi-metallic polyphosphate; (b) neutralisation of the polyphosphate with a basic compound followed by drying and pulverisation to obtain a solid powdery material.

Abstract: A controlled release fertilizer composition and methods to produce the controlled release fertilizer composition are described. The controlled release fertilizer composition comprises a water soluble fertilizer core that is coated with a polymeric layer, intermediate layer, and a sulfur layer. If desired, the sulfur layer can be coated with an outer water-insoluble layer.

Abstract: An agronomic carrier coated with an acidifying agent and a method for preparing same is described.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for depositing agents relatively deep within pores of bio-char. Bio-char is first produced in an airtight oven by heating biomass feedstock. The bio-char is then cooled and steam is diffused into the pores of the bio-char. The steam-laden bio-char is immersed in a liquid bath containing soluble agents that are to be deposited in the pores of the bio-char. The liquid bath cools the char to below the condensation temperature of the steam, whereupon the condensing steam generates a partial vacuum within the pores, drawing the liquid into the pores. The bio-char is then removed from the liquid bath and dried so that the liquid within the pores evaporates, leaving behind the soluble agent. Accordingly, the invention yields bio-char that has soluble agent embedded relatively deep within its pores.

Abstract: Several compositions of matter have been discovered that can be used in the manufacture of slow-release fertilizers that contain all of the essential elements needed by plants and humans. Slow-release fertilizers manufactured with these formulations can be used on mineral stressed soils to increase the quality and production of food crops grown on them. Additives, including phosphogypsum, silica sand, natural gypsum, clay, and coal dust, facilitate the timing of the release of the essential elements into the soil.

Abstract: Blends of fertilizer granules and highly absorbent cellulosic granules carrying one or more pesticidal or other active ingredients that resist the formation of actives dust or segregation of the granules and that ensure even and efficient application of both the fertilizer and the active ingredients.