Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used for supporting multiple hybrid automatic repeat request (H-ARQ) processes per transmission time interval (TTI). A transmitter and a receiver may include a plurality of H-ARQ processes. Each H-ARQ process may transmit and receive one TB per TTI. The transmitter may generate a plurality of TBs and assign each TB to a H-ARQ process. The transmitter may send control information for each TB, which may include H-ARQ information associated TBs with the TBs. The transmitter may send the TBs using the associated H-ARQ processes simultaneously per TTI. After receiving the TBs, the receiver may send feedback for each of the H-ARQ processes and associated TBs indicating successful or unsuccessful receipt of each of the TBs to the transmitter. The feedback for multiple TBs may be combined for the simultaneously transmitted H-ARQ processes, (i.e., TBs). When MIMO is implemented, one H-ARQ process may be associated with one MIMO stream, or codeword.

Abstract: High availability of a virtual machine is ensured even when all of the virtual machine's IO paths fail. In such a case, the virtual machine is migrated to a host that is sharing the same storage system as the current host in which the virtual machine is being executed and has at least one functioning IO path to the shared storage system. After execution control of the virtual machine is transferred to the new host, IO operations from the virtual machine are issued over the new IO path.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used for supporting multiple hybrid automatic repeat request (H-ARQ) processes per transmission time interval (TTI). A transmitter and a receiver may include a plurality of H-ARQ processes. Each H-ARQ process may transmit and receive one TB per TTI. The transmitter may generate a plurality of TBs and assign each TB to a H-ARQ process. The transmitter may send control information for each TB, which may include H-ARQ information associated TBs with the TBs. The transmitter may send the TBs using the associated H-ARQ processes simultaneously per TTI. After receiving the TBs, the receiver may send feedback for each of the H-ARQ processes and associated TBs indicating successful or unsuccessful receipt of each of the TBs to the transmitter. The feedback for multiple TBs may be combined for the simultaneously transmitted H-ARQ processes, (i.e., TBs). When MIMO is implemented, one H-ARQ process may be associated with one MIMO stream, or codeword.

Abstract: A method for generating a high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) communication comprises concatenating multiple data packets and attaching a header to the concatenated multiple data packets to form an extended multiplexed data packet. The header comprises an indication of a size of each of the multiple data packets. The extended multiplexed data packet is then transmitted to a remote station on a downlink channel.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a storage device for accounting for transmission errors to improve a usable life span of memory blocks. In some embodiments, the storage device includes: a memory array including a plurality of memory blocks; and a memory controller in communication with the memory array via an interface, wherein the memory controller is configured to detect an error event associated with data from one of the plurality of memory blocks; determine an origin of the error event; increment an error count if the origin of the error event indicates a data error in the one of the plurality of memory blocks and not if the origin of the error event indicates a transmission error; compare the error count to a threshold value; and mark the one of the plurality of memory blocks as bad when the error count exceeds the threshold value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) transmission are disclosed. If a packet has not been successfully transmitted, it is determined whether an HARQ early termination condition is met. If the HARQ early termination condition is met, the HARQ process is terminated and the packet is discarded at the HARQ level. The HARQ early termination condition is met if a positive acknowledgement (ACK) has not been received until the number of retransmissions reaches a predetermined limit that is dynamically configured based on channel condition, measurement, etc. Alternatively, the HARQ early termination condition is met if a transmit power required for successful transmission of the packet is much higher than an actual transmit power. Alternatively, the HARQ early termination condition is met if a transport format combination (TFC) selected for retransmission is different from an optimal TFC. A higher layer may be notified of the early HARQ termination.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used for supporting multiple hybrid automatic repeat request (H-ARQ) processes per transmission time interval (TTI). A transmitter and a receiver may include a plurality of H-ARQ processes. Each H-ARQ process may transmit and receive one TB per TTI. The transmitter may generate a plurality of TBs and assign each TB to a H-ARQ process. The transmitter may send control information for each TB, which may include H-ARQ information associated TBs with the TBs. The transmitter may send the TBs using the associated H-ARQ processes simultaneously per TTI. After receiving the TBs, the receiver may send feedback for each of the H-ARQ processes and associated TBs indicating successful or unsuccessful receipt of each of the TBs to the transmitter. The feedback for multiple TBs may be combined for the simultaneously transmitted H-ARQ processes, (i.e., TBs).

Abstract: A checkpoint marker can be received at a first operator. The first operator can process the checkpoint marker by sending the checkpoint marker to a second operator and sending state checkpoint information representing a state of the first operator to a checkpoint writer. The checkpoint information can be used to rehydrate the state of one or more operators. For example, after a system failure, system shutdown, etc., checkpoint information can be received from a reader unit at a checkpoint information input queue of the first operator. A state of the first operator can be rehydrated using the checkpoint information. Processing of information in a data input queue of the first operator can be suspended while the checkpoint information is used to rehydrate the state of the first operator. Other operators in a system with the first operator (e.g., the second operator) may be checkpointed and rehydrated in the same manner as the first operator.

Abstract: A mobile terminal and a method of performing a random access procedure by the terminal is achieved by transmitting a random access preamble to a base station, receiving a random access response from the base station, and performing an uplink transmission using an uplink grant from the base station. The uplink transmission is performed by using a maximum number of HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) transmissions parameter, which is included in a System Information Block (SIB) received from the base station.

Abstract: In a retransmitting method, at least one ARQ block included in a first PDU is fragmented into a plurality of ARQ sub-blocks, and at least one second PDU is generated from the plurality of ARQ sub-blocks. The second PDU includes a payload including an extended header and at least some of a plurality of ARQ sub-blocks. The extended header includes a field representing a sequence number of the first ARQ sub-block belonging to the payload.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for implementing a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ). A terminal receives a plurality of transmission blocks through a plurality of downlink component carrier waves, and determines a plurality of ACK/NACK resources for the plurality of transmission blocks. If the plurality of ACK/NACK resources overlaps, the terminal uses the overlapping ACK/NACK resources to transmit one bundled ACK/NACK signal for the plurality of transmission blocks through an uplink component carrier wave.

Abstract: A method and system for supporting multiple hybrid automatic repeat request (H-ARQ) processes per transmission time interval (TTI) are disclosed. A transmitter and a receiver include a plurality of H-ARQ processes to transmit and receive multiple transport blocks (TBs) simultaneously per TTI. The transmitter generates a plurality of TBs and assigns the TBs to multiple H-ARQ processes. The transmitter sends control information for the TBs and H-ARQ processes associated with the TBs to the receiver. The transmitter then sends the TBs using multiple H-ARQ processes simultaneously per TTI. After receiving the TBs, the receiver sends feedback to each of the TBs indicating successful or unsuccessful receipt of each of the TBs to the transmitter. The control information and the feedback may be sent via a layer 1 or layer 2/3 control part.

Abstract: The present invention provides a scalable and reliable feedback suppression method for receiving and transmitting data block. The method comprises receiving at least one initial data packet of the data block which is sent by the transmitter to the multicast group of receivers; and sending at least one NAK packet indicating packet loss to the transmitter by at least one receiver of the multicast group, wherein the at least one NAK packet is sent in a single uplink time slot dedicated to said multicast group of receivers, and wherein the NAK packet is identical for all receivers of said multicast group.

Abstract: A repeater relays a PING signal of a USB 2.0 with low communication load and a few delays. A host side repeater (20) transfers the PING signal from a host (10) to a device (12) and transmits a NAK signal to the host (10). The host side repeater (20) transmits the NAK signal to the host (10) against the PING signal from the host (10) before receiving the response from the device (12). The host side repeater (20) transmits an ACK signal to the host (10) if the response from the device (10) is the ACK signal, and transfers the PING signal to the device (12) and transmits the NAK signal to the host (10) if the response from the device (12) is not the ACK signal against the PING signal from the host (10) immediately after having received the response from the device (12).

Abstract: A layer above the MAC and PHY layers of a wireless network employs a forward error correction (FEC) protocol extension with selective acknowledgement to reduce the likelihood of retries to enhance performance in, for example, home entertainment networking applications. In addition, certain system parameters of the wireless network are controlled so as to either i) align required bandwidth with particular sustainable channel parameters of the wireless network, or ii) modify the channel characteristics. One or more of three mitigation techniques might be employed with the FEC protocol extension to enhance maintenance of radio communication in the wireless network: Physical-layer Rate Adaptation, Dynamic Interference Avoidance, and Media-encoding Layer Adaptation.

Abstract: A method of data transmission includes encoding an information block according to a predetermined retransmission protocol to generate, for a single hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) instance, a transport block having information bits and error detection bits and channel coding different parts of said transport block using different modulation and coding schemes to generate one or more codewords for transmission to a receiving station.

Abstract: A mobile terminal and a method of performing a random access procedure by the terminal is achieved by transmitting a random access preamble to a base station, receiving a random access response from the base station, and performing an uplink transmission using an uplink grant from the base station. The uplink transmission is performed by using a maximum number of HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) transmissions parameter, which is included in a System Information Block (SIB) received from the base station.

Abstract: Provided are a radio transmission device and a radio transmission method which can reduce the transmission packet collision generation ratio even when no resource allocation signal is detected in retransmission. When control information outputted from a decoding unit (204) contains NACK and retransmission Grant, a retransmission resource check unit (205) determines that the resource indicated by the retransmission Grant is the retransmission resource. Moreover, when no retransmission Grant is detected and the initial transmission is a wideband transmission, the retransmission resource check unit (205) determines that no retransmission resource exists and instructs an RB allocation unit (209) to stop retransmission. Moreover, when no retransmission Grant is detected and the initial transmission is a narrow band transmission, a predetermined resource is determined to be the retransmission resource.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for transmitting an Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) block in a wireless communication system are provided.

Abstract: A method and device for communicating ARQ feedback in wireless communication networks. An ARQ block whose transmission is in progress is determined upon occurrence of an event at a receiving device. ARQ feedback is generated that indicates the ARQ blocks whose transmission is in progress. Further, the ARQ feedback is sent to a device transmitting the ARQ feedback.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing Automatic Retransmission reQuest (ARQ) on packet data in a mobile communication system. The method includes receiving from a transmission entity performing ARQ, by a reception entity, a status report message including a Non-Acknowledged (NACK) signal for the packet data transmitted to the reception entity, and generating time information of the NACK signal; comparing, by the transmission entity, the generation time information with transmission complete time information for the packet data; and determining whether to retransmit the packet data depending on the comparison result, and performing retransmission of the packet data according to the determination step.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of transmitting information in a wireless communication system are provided. The method includes transmitting first information based on a first resource index through a first antenna and transmitting second information based on a second resource index through a second antenna.

Abstract: Provided is a radio transmission device which can simultaneously reduce: a radio resource consumption amount required for signaling to report band allocation information and a HARQ operation mode, and a transmission packet collision ratio accompanying a reception error of the band allocation information. The radio transmission device includes a transmission control unit (209) which inputs an encoding ratio, an initial transmission data range, a modulation method, a physical resource-to-be-transmitted position information to an encoding unit (211), a retransmission data selection unit (212), a modulation unit (213), and a mapping unit (214), respectively according the allocated radio resource and transmission parameter reported in the allocation information, if any allocation information is present.

Abstract: Disclosed is serial communication control system including: a first microcomputer; and a second microcomputer connected to the first microcomputer through a serial line, wherein the second microcomputer includes an R/B signal sending section to send one of a READY signal and a BUSY signal, the first microcomputer includes an R/B signal receiving section to receive the signal, and a first sending section to send first serial data to the second microcomputer when the R/B signal receiving section receives the READY signal, the second microcomputer includes a first receiving section to receive the first serial data, and a second sending section to send second serial data after the receiving operation of the first serial data by the first receiving section is completed and the R/B signal sending section thereafter sends the BUSY signal, and the first microcomputer includes a second receiving section to receive the second serial data.

Abstract: The present disclosure further relates to information handling systems with failover support for booting an embedded hypervisor, the information handling system. For example, an information handling system with failover support may comprise a processor; one or more applications configured to be executed, at least in part, by the processor; a memory communicatively coupled to the processor and comprising a basic input/output system (BIOS), the BIOS comprising a BIOS universal serial bus (USB) driver, the BIOS USB driver comprising a mass storage device driver; a primary internal embedded hypervisor non-volatile memory (NVM) card communicatively coupled to the memory, the first NVM card comprising a first bootable hypervisor image; and a back up internal embedded hypervisor NVM card communicatively coupled to the memory, the second NVM card comprising a second bootable hypervisor image.

Abstract: A system and method for retaining routes in a control plane learned by an inter-domain routing protocol in the event of a connectivity failure between routers. Routers are classified as either route reflectors or originators. A determination is made whether the connectivity failure occurred between a route reflector and an originator, two originators, or two route reflectors. A determination is then made whether to propagate a withdrawal of learned routes based on whether the connectivity failure occurred between a route reflector and an originator, two originators, or two route reflectors. A withdrawal of learned routes is propagated to neighboring routers if the connectivity failure occurred between two originators, or between a route reflector and an originator that is inaccessible via an intra-domain routing protocol.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for combining retransmitted hybrid automatic repeat-request (HARQ) messages at different stages in an OFDM/OFDMA receiver are provided. A combination of different types of HARQ combiners may be designed into the receiver and selected on a per-channel basis. Proper selection of a HARQ combining scheme may reduce the required HARQ buffer size and may provide an increased combining gain when compared to conventional HARQ combining techniques. Furthermore, the HARQ combiner type may be dynamically selected through forward and reverse shifting between the different types of HARQ combining schemes in an effort to decrease the bit error ratio (BER) without saturating the HARQ buffer.

Abstract: System, method and computer program for initiating a search at a server computer. A data base including a URL of the server computer is stored at a client computer. Information entered by a user into the client computer is received. From the information, a search term and the URL of the server computer are identified. Then, an HTTP search request which includes the URL of the server computer and the search term is generated. Then, the HTTP search request is sent to the server computer. The identifying of the URL of the server computer comprises searching the data base for a character string contained in the information that matches the URL of the server computer. The identifying of the search term comprises identifying a portion of the information appended to the URL of the server. The identifying of the search term also comprises omitting from the portion one or more symbols adjacent to the search term which are inconsistent with a search request using HTTP.

Abstract: Communication symmetry is leveraged to facilitate testing of network services. To identify, isolate, understand, and resolve problems a test client is employed. In accordance with one aspect, a service can be provided for execution on a service consumer while the test client resides on a service provider. Roles are reversed to provide more testing freedom on the provider side and less intrusion on the consumer side.

Abstract: An information appended-amendment method and system. The information appended-amendment method includes the steps of locating erroneous information sent by a sender, amending the sent erroneous information in accordance with the location of the sent erroneous information, sending error amendment information to a receiver, and amending the sent erroneous information received by the receiver from the sender by using the error amendment information. It is possible to make amendments to any erroneous information while refreshing screens of two parties so as to erase any erroneous character completely, or mark any amended content. In this way, users will have better communication experiences.

Abstract: Briefly, in accordance with one or more embodiments, a HARQ process may be selectively executed according to longer term and/or shorter term packet error rate statistics to be within one or more requirements of an application. As result, the number of retransmissions for the HARQ process may be reduced or minimized.

Abstract: A transmitting unit combines a slot identifier (SI) and a block identifier (BI) in each header that is transmitted with the data to allow a receiving unit to associate previously received data blocks with retransmissions, or retries, of the same respective data blocks in order to perform bit error detection in accordance with a hybrid or selective ARQ protocol. The receiving unit uses the SI and BI contained in the MHBKs to determine a correspondence between a retried data and a previously transmitted data block.

Abstract: A method in a data processing system for monitoring for errors on a network. Responsive to detecting a change in a state of the network, determine whether the change in state is a loss of a communications link to a remote data processing system. If the change in state is a loss of the communications link, determine whether the communications link was established for at least a first period of time to be considered an acceptable connection to the remote data processing system; and create a new serviceable event, if a second period of time passes without reestablishing the communications link to the selected data processing system. Repeat occurrences of identical outages are tracked and multiple detected instances of an outage for different partitions are counted as a single failure in the examples.

Abstract: A method of providing data content obtained from one or more network-connected nodes to a mobile computing device is provided. The method includes determining whether a previously-established network connection between the mobile computing device and a network-connected node has been interrupted after the mobile computing device receives a first set of data content and an identifier corresponding to a second set of data content from the network-connected node via the previously-established network connection. The method also includes establishing a wireless connection between the mobile computing device and another computing device if the previously-established network connection has been interrupted and the second set of data content is stored by the other computing device.

Abstract: A method is described for providing Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) transmission feedback to a higher layer protocol in a communication system. The method includes a step of detecting HARQ retransmissions in a first layer protocol. This can be used to determine a HARQ failure or an HARQ ACK after a delay of some retransmissions. A next step includes providing feedback information about the detecting step from the first layer protocol to a higher layer protocol. A next step includes instituting corrections at the higher layer protocol, in response to the information transferred from the first layer protocol. These corrections can include immediate retransmission of those bursts of a HARQ failure, or correcting timers to match the delay of eventually ACK'ed data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a wireless communication system, using a repetition factor to determine how many times a acknowledgement should be repeated in response to receiving a first data transmission, selecting an acknowledgement transmission (ACK TX) pattern, wherein the ACK TX pattern comprises of resources information of a plurality of blocks used for transmitting the first acknowledgement, and transmitting, repeatedly, the acknowledgement according to the ACK TX pattern.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatus and computer program products for providing forward error correction with low latency to live streams in networks are provided, including outputting source data at a rate less than the rate of a source stream, building a buffer, FEC decoding the source data; and outputting the packets at a rate equal to the rate of the source stream.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting/receiving an ACKnowledgement/Negative ACKnowledgement (ACK/NACK) signal to support packet data retransmission in an Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) wireless communication system are provided, in which a User Element (UE) generates an ACK/NACK signal for received packet data, determines whether the UE is set to support ACK/NACK repetition, transmits the ACK/NACK signal on a basic response channel mapped to one of a DCH on which the packet data was received and a Shared Control Channel (SCCH) carrying scheduling information about the packet data, if the UE is not set to support ACK/NACK repetition, and selects one of supplementary response channels for each ACK/NACK repetition, the supplementary response channels being allocated for ACK/NACK repetition and repeatedly transmits the ACK/NACK signal on the selected supplementary response channel according to a predetermined repetition factor, if the UE is set to support ACK/NACK repetition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing Automatic Retransmission reQuest (ARQ) on packet data in a mobile communication system. The method includes receiving from a transmission entity performing ARQ, by a reception entity, a status report message including a Non-Acknowledged (NACK) signal for the packet data transmitted to the reception entity, and generating time information of the NACK signal; comparing, by the transmission entity, the generation time information with transmission complete time information for the packet data; and determining whether to retransmit the packet data depending on the comparison result, and performing retransmission of the packet data according to the determination step.