Abstract: A system provides multilanguage text input in a handheld electronic device. The system includes one or more applications implemented in the handheld electronic device. The applications include a text input application requiring access to language data usable thereby. One or more language databases contain language data from a plurality of different languages usable by at least one of the applications including the text input application. An interface provides the applications with access to at least some of the different languages of the language data of the one or more language databases, in order that the applications including the text input application receive the different languages.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, in which input keystroke data can be interpreted using a current mapping and a determination can be made whether the current mapping is valid based upon the characters identified by the mapping and the keystroke data. Invalid mappings can be corrected by identifying a transliteration of the characters in an alternative language.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer program products provide reusable controls for automatically translating text with a reusable control by identify a plurality of variables comprising at least a source and a target language, identifying when translation should be invoked for text in the control and encapsulating said steps of initializing and identifying in order to make a reusable data object. Control objects for controlling text are also provide which include a text property for storing data corresponding to the text to be controlled by the control object, a translation language property which indicates a language to which the text to be controlled is to be translated and a translation method which performs translation of data in the text property.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a text input device and a method for inputting text, and a computer program for performing the method. A text input device (200) is provided that comprises: a text prediction component for predicting candidate words in accordance with a current text context; a display screen (210) for displaying the predicted candidate words; a data entry device (220) having a navigation means (240) for selecting a direction to move a cursor on the display screen (210); and a processor receiving data from the data entry device (220) upon actuation of the navigation means (240). The processor arranges the candidate words on the display screen (210) in a spatial arrangement that reflects the selectable directions of the navigation means (240). The processor maps the currently displayed candidate words to the corresponding directions and selects a candidate word upon selection of a direction.

Abstract: A system and a method of retrieving information is described. In a system according to the invention, software modules may be used to provide the user with information that is most likely to be the information desired.

Abstract: An improved handheld electronic device and associated method enable the phonetic inputting of text using a reduced keyboard and transformation algorithm. The handheld electronic device and method advantageously enable the inputting of languages such as Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and the like without limitation. The transformation algorithm subjects each of a number of linguistic element permutations to an algorithm such as the Maximum Matching Algorithm or other algorithm to generate a string of words and selects one string of words as a default textual output. The character interpretation and variations thereof are output in a lookup component along with a pin and variants thereof to enable the user to select among various character interpretations of an input as well as various alternative pins that correspond with the input.

Abstract: A high-speed web server that generates an HTML file upon receipt of an HTTP request is described. The server includes an application executor device and an HTTP server device that receives the HTTP request and sends an HTTP response to the HTTP request. A method for sending an HTTP response in a server that generates an HTML file upon receipt of an HTTP request is also provided. The method includes: executing a script; calculating the number of appearances of the string; storing the string in a storage; executing a script when the script is a command for processing a string; replacing the string with reference information; and sending the string file along with the HTML file when it includes reference information for reference to the string file.

Abstract: A document can be presented on a computer that includes at least two video output ports. The document is divided into multiple parts, with each part being expressed in a different language. Each one of the at least two video output ports can be configured in or for a language of a partial document to be output by the video output port. Each one of the at least two video output ports can be made to synchronously output the partial document to which the language configured for the video output port corresponds.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a generic protocol translator (32) that translates information from a source device to a destination device. The generic protocol translator (32) includes a receiver circuit manager (92) that receives information from a source device that is intended for a destination device through one or more interface sockets (104). The present invention also includes one or more receivers (106) receive information from the receiver circuit manager. Further included are one or more message converters (110) that convert the information to the destination format using a conversion process. Additionally included is a message router (112) that determines which destination protocol is appropriate for the information. And, the present invention includes one or more message senders (114) that transfer the information in the destination format and protocol to the destination device.

Abstract: Methods for enforcing group oriented workflow requirements for multi-layered documents. Embodiments allow results of multi-layered operations to dictate the flow of tasks that occur on a multi-layered document. Flow is directed to roles and may be directed by the data values operated on in addition to multi-layered operation results. The system enables the workflow enabled creation and maintenance of multi-layered documents that minimize repeated data to ensure the highest possible data integrity when targeting a publication at multiple audiences. When a publication is changed and requires maintenance, use of a defined workflow for updating the publication ensures consistency in each publication. Embodiments may comprise performance metrics for monitoring and benchmarking publication processes.

Abstract: A translation method reduces the time required for display of the translation of a web page. Based on a translation request, a translation service server requests a translation engine translate an HTML document. The translation service server also extracts image tags from the HTML, and transmits the dummy tags to the browser based on the image tags. The browser requests image data based on the image tags, and obtains image data. The translation service server receives the translation from the translation engine, and transmits it to the browser.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, for detecting writing systems and languages are disclosed. In one implementation, a method is provided. The method includes receiving text; detecting a first segment of the text, where a substantial amount of the first segment represents a first language; detecting a second segment of the text, where a substantial amount of the second segment represents a second language; identifying scores for each n-gram of size x included in the text; and detecting an edge that identifies a transition from the first language to the second language in the text based on variations of the scores.

Abstract: A speech synthesis system and method is described. A speech segment database references speech segments having various different speech representational structures. A speech segment selector selects from the speech segment database a sequence of speech segment candidates corresponding to a target text. A speech segment sequencer generates from the speech segment candidates sequenced speech segments corresponding to the target text. A speech segment synthesizer combines the selected sequenced speech segments to produce a synthesized speech signal output corresponding to the target text.

Abstract: Architecture that utilizes web search implicitly to assist users in improving writing and associated productivity. The architecture extends the authoring experience of applications of office suite applications which can draw on a web search engine to offer contextual suggestions for revision, word auto-complete, and text prediction. Web-based research and reference to users is enabled as the user writes or revises text. Suggestions are made as to how to complete a phrase or sentence using data from networks such as the Internet or intranet, to how a user how revises a word or phrase in an already-written sentence using data from the network, and to problems in writing style/writing rules. Paragraph analysis is performed to find improper language usage or errors. Prediction and revision suggestions are extracted from web search or enterprise search document summaries, and intent of the user to obtain word completion, revision assistance, and prediction suggestions is identified.

Abstract: A shared language model may be provided. First, a first input may be received. Then, in response to the first input, an input mode may be determined comprising one of the following: a pinyin input mode, a stroke order input mode, and a stroke number input mode. Then, data may be received based on the determined input mode. The received data may be converted using the determined input mode and using a language model. The language model may be configured to be used with each of the following input modes: the pinyin input mode, the stroke order input mode, and the stroke number input mode.

Abstract: This invention easily realizes a process of changing the display order of the candidates according to various input states. In a character input device of a mobile telephone, a wide variety of attributes representing an input state are set, and a conversion dictionary in which the attributes are registered in dictionary data of a corresponding word is set. An adjustment value setting unit determines the input state at a relative time point according to the start of input of the read character or the confirmation of the candidate, and sets an adjustment value to each attribute according to the determination content. A priority adjustment unit adjusts the priority with the adjustment value set to the attribute of the candidate for the candidate set with an attribute of each candidate extracted from the conversion dictionary by the read character string.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for displaying bi-directional text using a browser program on a computer (20) coupled to drive a display (22) and having an operating system such that the computer normally writes text to the display in a default language in a first, default direction. The computer opens a window (44) on the display and receives a string of codes, each code corresponding to a character in a passage of text (54), at least a portion of which is in a non-default language that is written in a second direction, opposite to the default direction. The computer displays the characters 10 corresponding to the codes in the window such that the passage of text is displayed with all portions thereof arranged in respectively-appropriate directions, substantially without reference to language support provided by the operating system or browser.

Abstract: A globalization management system (200) for managing resources of multiple interrelated data sources (1021, 1022, 1041, 1042, 1000, 1200, 1002, 1202) corresponding to a plurality of sites (102, 104, 106) accessed through a communications network (20) is provided. The globalization management system (200) includes a plurality of target application interfaces (222) respectively coupled to the interrelated data sources through the communications network. Each target application interface (222) includes systems (212,214,216,218) for converting a protocol of the respective data source to a predetermined protocol, and the predetermined protocol to the protocol of the respective data source. The globalization management system (200) further includes a global management engine (100) coupled to the plurality of target application interfaces (222).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the translation of a portion of text to be communicated in a text-based communication in a communications network. A communications device for composing the text-based communication queries a translation service with a portion of text in a first language to obtain a replacement for the portion in a second language. A user may trigger a replacement query by composing the portion using at least one trigger symbol monitored by the communications device. Replacement may be confirmed with the user and at least one alternative replacement sought in response to the confirmation. The communications network may comprise a wireless network and the communications device a wireless mobile communications device.

Abstract: Automatically detecting the layout of a bidirectional (BIDI) text. In one embodiment, this comprises: determining a shaping attribute of the text based on scanning the text to detect at least one character of a specific shape, while preferably ignoring initial, final, and stand-alone shaped characters; determining a text type attribute of the text from the shaping attribute; and determining an orientation attribute of the text from the determined text type. A numeric shaping attribute and a symmetric swapping attribute may also be determined. Embodiments of the invention may be used, by way of illustration but not of limitation, for bidirectional layout transformation to allow conversion of a BIDI text received from a source computer system in a source BIDI layout format into a layout format of a target computer system.

Abstract: A system and method for processing text are disclosed. The method includes receiving text to be processed. A main language of the text is identified. At least one unknown sequence in the text is identified, each unknown sequence comprising at least one word that is unknown in the main language. For a secondary language, for each of the at least one unknown sequence, the method includes determining whether the unknown sequence includes a first word recognized in the secondary language and, if so, identifying a sequence of words in the secondary language which includes at least the first word. The identifying of the sequence of words in the secondary language includes applying an algorithm for determining whether the sequence of words in the secondary language is expandable beyond the first word to include adjacent words. The text is labeled based on the identified sequences of words in the secondary language.

Abstract: The invention is to system and methods for automatically identifying the language(s) contained in text. The system comprises two language classifiers, one that classifies the text based on the latters present, and a second classifier that classifies the text based on the words present. Each classifier produces a list of languages and a weight for each language. Each classifier also computes an overall confidence applied to the classifier as a whole. The results of the classifiers are combined together incorporating the classifier confidence and language weights. The combined results produce a list of languages and weights and an overall confidence.

Abstract: Optimized digital operational encoding and input method of world character information and information processing system thereof are directed to digital encoding technology of world character information. It thoroughly solves the conflict between the simplicity and high efficiency for encoding the world character information, and according to the pronunciation and the glyph information of world characters, performs the digital operational encoding to the world character information with ten numerals 0-9 unifiedly by means of the encoding method operated with addition and subtraction by areas and positions.

Abstract: Automatically detecting the layout of a bidirectional (BIDI) text. In one embodiment, this comprises: determining a shaping attribute of the text based on scanning the text to detect at least one character of a specific shape, while preferably ignoring initial, final, and stand-alone shaped characters; determining a text type attribute of the text from the shaping attribute; and determining an orientation attribute of the text from the determined text type. A numeric shaping attribute and a symmetric swapping attribute may also be determined. Embodiments of the invention may be used, by way of illustration but not of limitation, for bidirectional layout transformation to allow conversion of a BIDI text received from a source computer system in a source BIDI layout format into a layout format of a target computer system.

Abstract: A statistical machine translation (SMT) system employs a conditional translation probability conditioned on the source language content. A model parameters optimization engine is configured to optimize values of parameters of the conditional translation probability using a translation pool comprising candidate aligned translations for source language sentences having reference translations. The model parameters optimization engine adds candidate aligned translations to the translation pool by sampling available candidate aligned translations in accordance with the conditional translation probability.

Abstract: A system and method are described for managing a contacts database within an online stationery service.

Abstract: A set of candidate documents, each of which may be part of a bilingual, parallel set of documents, are identified. The set of documents illustratively includes textual material in a source language. It is then determined whether parallel text can be identified. For each document in the set of documents, it is first determined whether the parallel text resides within the document itself. If not, the document is examined for links to other documents, and those linked documents are examined for bilingual parallelism with the selected documents. If not, named entities are extracted from the document and translated into the target language. The translations are used to query search engines to retrieve the parallel correspondent for the selected documents.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for adapting a text, for example, for generating a text appropriate for the proficiency level of a language learner, are described. An original text is received and at least one portion of the original text to adapt is identified, where the adapted text will facilitate reader comprehension. An adaptation to be applied to the at least one portion of the original text is determined. The at least one portion of the original text is analyzed based on the adaptation, the adaptation is applied to the at least one portion of the original text, and the adapted text is provided.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, in which input keystroke data can be interpreted by a current mapping and a determination can be made whether the current mapping is valid based upon the characters identified by the mapping and the keystroke data. Invalid mappings can be corrected based upon alternative mapping of the keystroke data.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to systems, methods and devices for imaging device display content localization. Some aspects relate to methods and systems for sending geographical-locale-related information from an imaging device to a remote computing device where the geographical-locale-related information is matched with related data comprising a language and at least one of a time format, a date format, an address format, a calendar format, a currency type and a geographical-locale-related cultural custom, which is then sent to the imaging device for output to a user.

Abstract: A localization development system includes a platform that receives information to be localized to a target market that is distinct from a source market for which the information was originally authored. The platform calculates a recycle rate for the received information. The recycle rate is indicative of a portion of the information that has already been localized to the target market before the information to be localized was received from an authoring component.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided for determining a second document of a set of documents in a second language having the same textual content as a first document in a first language. A first histogram that is indicative of the textual content of the first document is generated. A second histogram is generated for each document of the set of documents. Each second histogram is indicative of the textual content of a document of the set of documents. Each second histogram is compared with the first histogram to determine at least one histogram from the plurality of second histograms which matches the first histogram. The second document is then identified as the document having the at least one histogram.

Abstract: A method for enabling input into a handheld electronic device having at least three selectable languages available thereon includes detecting a predetermined input a number of times and switching a selected language between one of the three selectable languages and another of the three selectable languages wherein the another language is an immediately preceding selected language.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing Unicode support in legacy operating systems are provided. With the apparatus and method, a focus hook module, keyboard hook module, and keystroke conversion module are registered with the legacy operating system. The focus hook module determines the currently active application and whether the currently active application is Unicode capable. The keyboard hook module receives keyboard events from an input interface and sends those keyboard events to the keystroke conversion module. The keystroke conversion module converts the keyboard events into Unicode characters which are sent back to the keyboard hook module. The keyboard hook module then stores the Unicode characters in a temporary storage memory, e.g., the clipboard. The keyboard hook module then sends a command to the application to paste the contents of the temporary storage memory to the currently active application.

Abstract: In the method of extraction, the words of the text are encoded by comparing them with the contents of a lexicon of tool words (essentially articles, prepositions, conjunctions, and verbal auxiliaries), and nominal groups are then identified by searching subsets of the resulting succession of encoded words to look for groups of encoded words that comply with predefined syntactical rules.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for capturing graphic user interface resource of an application, which method comprises: loading resource files in which visible text data in graphic user interfaces of the application are stored; duplicating the resource files; adding identification information to each visible text data unit in the resource files, the identification information being used to uniquely identify each visible text data unit in each of the resource files; capturing at least one panel of graphic user interface according to the graphic user interfaces of the application; and saving the duplicated resource files and the at least one captured panel as the graphic user interface resource of the application into an intermediate file.

Abstract: A translation apparatus includes: an image acquiring unit that acquires an original document image read from an original document including an original sentence in a first language; a translating unit that translates the original sentence into a second language; a line-space specifying unit that specifies a line-space region for each line of the original sentence; a first translation document creating unit that creates a first translation document by arranging a translation sentence in each line-space region of the original document image; a second translation document creating unit that creates a second translation document; a determining unit that determines whether a non-interference condition is satisfied on the basis of each line-space region; and an output unit that outputs the first translation document in a case where the non-interference condition is satisfied, or that outputs the second translation document in a case where the non-interference condition is not satisfied.

Abstract: A comprehensive system effectuates global electronic commerce on the Internet across frontiers of nations, cultures, and languages. Referral Websites serving various locales offer Buyers the opportunity to view products for purchase. A Buyer selects categories of products for viewing by using drop-down menus that organize products into a clear taxonomy that can be expressed across all languages. Having selected a category of products for viewing, a Buyer receives, from a multi-version relational database, a version of marketing information about each product. The version is one automatically sent from the database to match the Buyer's language, culture, and nationality, as deduced from the use of a particular Referral Website. A shopping cart allows Buyers to select a product for purchase in an interactive way that encourages completion of the purchase. Products can be offered with custom options and in wholesale quantities. Personalized Web pages allow comprehensive customer service after a sale.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with providing an XML-based translation service are described. One method embodiment includes accessing a translation-aware XML document that may comply with a translation-enabling XML schema. The document may store a first XML element that stores translatable data and a second XML element that stores a translation of the translatable data. The schema may describe that the first XML element includes a first identifier that identifies the first element as storing translatable data. The schema may also describe that the second XML element includes a second identifier that identifies the second element as storing a translation for translatable data. The method may also include establishing a session language identifier and providing a virtual view of the translation-aware XML document, the virtual view being determined, at least in part, by the session language identifier.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for searching across multi-lingual information. A user makes a query in a first language, and a group of documents that were previously machine-translated into the first language are searched for information responsive to the query. Contextual information derived can be used to improve the accuracy of the machine translation. Responsive documents are returned to the user. Alternatively, a query provided in a user's language may be translated into one or more other languages. Documents written in these languages can then be searched for information responsive to the appropriate translated query. Responsive documents can be translated into the user's language prior to providing them to the user.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for composing a message in an online textbox using a non-Latin script. In one example, the method includes receiving a selection of a target language for composing the message in the online textbox, loading a hash table and an integer n that are associated with the target language, adding to a queue a character inputted from a QWERTY keyboard, and applying appropriate parsing and mapping techniques to the queue using the hash table and the integer n to display an appropriate script of the target language.

Abstract: Embodiments consistent with the invention include a method of creating a document on a computing device and a computer-readable storage medium. The method includes: receiving input text in the computing device to initiate the document creation process, the computing device including a first portion of font data for a particular language, the first portion including less than all of the font data for the particular language; based on the input text, determining whether the first portion of the font data is sufficient to create the document on the computing device; and loading a second portion of the font data to the computing device from a data storage location if the computing device cannot create the document with the first portion of the font data, wherein the second portion of the font data alone or in combination with the first portion of the font data are used to create the document.

Abstract: To enter Chinese text, a user enters the corresponding phonetic spelling via telephone style keypad. Some or all keys represent multiple phonetic letters. In disambiguating entered key presses to yield a valid phonetic spelling, a computer divides the key presses into segments, while still preserving key press order. Each segment must correspond to an entry in a dictionary of Chinese characters, character phrases, and/or character components such as radicals or other predetermined stroke groupings. Upon arrival of a new key press that cannot form a valid entry when appended to the current segment, key presses are incrementally reallocated from the previous segment. As for already-resolved segments occurring prior to the previous and current segments, these are left intact. After each shifting attempt, the computer reinterprets key presses of the last two segments, and accepts the new segmentation if the segments form valid dictionary entries.

Abstract: A method of prioritizing the automated translation of communications relating to a predetermined topic includes capturing and inputting into a data processing system a translation-candidate communication rendered in a first human language. A first data set representative of the translation-candidate communication is stored in computer memory and parsed into communication sub-portions. Communication sub-portions are algorithmically selected for translation depending on their relatedness to the predetermined topic as determined by first-language extraction rules. Each selected communication sub-portion is translated to a translated-data-set sub-portion representative of that selected communication sub-portion in the second human language. Translated-data-set sub-portions are subjected to a secondary filtration process in accordance with which their relatedness to the predetermined topic is determined by second-language extraction rules.

Abstract: Automatic switching of fonts on multilingual text runs in one action is provided. After an indication that a new font scheme is to be applied to a multilingual text selection, a client application passes a language identification for each of the multilingual text runs, a major/minor font designation for each text run, a script identification for each text run, if available, and the selected new font scheme to a font scheme application programming interface (API). The font scheme API converts the received language identification to a script identification for each multilingual text run and maps the resulting script identifications to appropriate fonts associated with the selected font scheme for each of the multilingual text runs. Fonts retrieved for each language text run are returned to the client application for rendering the multilingual text runs according to the respective fonts applicable to the selected font scheme.

Abstract: A system described herein includes an acquirer component that acquires an electronic document that comprises text in a first language, wherein the acquirer component acquires the electronic document based at least in part upon a physical object comprising the text contacting or becoming proximate to the interactive display of the surface computing device. The system also includes a language selector component that receives an indication of a second language from a user of the surface computing device and selects the second language. A translator component translates the text in the electronic document from the first language to the second language, and a formatter component formats the electronic document for display to the user on the interactive display of the surface computing device, wherein the electronic document comprises the text in the second language.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for source language comprehension designed for a listener mastering a target language, which consists in causing the listener to listen to a statement, consisting of a series of several contents, in the source language and in displaying simultaneously with the listening of the statement a succession of notations marking the succession of contents in the source language, showing a notation marking a content only as from the time when it is being heard and showing, a series of inscriptions in the target language which corresponds to the full statement. The method is characterized in that it consists in showing the whole series of inscriptions before the beginning of the statement.

Abstract: A input method selects a character from a plurality of characters of a logographic script, and identifies characters proximate the selected character. One or more candidate characters are then selected based on a composition input and the proximate characters.

Abstract: An information display control apparatus includes an example sentence storage unit that stores a plurality of example sentences, an input unit that accepts a user's operation of inputting a string of characters, an example sentence search unit that, when a compound word consisting of a plurality of constituting words which are combinable and splittable is input via the input unit, searches the example sentences in the example sentence storage unit for an example sentence containing the compound word in a combined state where the plurality of constituting words are combined and an example sentence containing the compound word in a split state where the plurality of constituting words are split, and a display control unit that displays the example sentences searched by the example sentence search unit.

Abstract: To display content in a user's preferred language, a content provider locates a layout information file to determine how to display the content. A layout strings file storing a layout string in a specific language is selected, according to the user's preferred languages. The content from a content provider and the layout string are then formatted as specified by the layout information file, and presented to the user.