Abstract: [Object] To improve step coverage of a coating film [Solving Means] A deposition apparatus that includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a first power supply source, a second power supply source, and a phase adjuster is used. The first power supply source includes a first high-frequency power source and a first matching circuit, the first high-frequency power source outputting first high-frequency power, the first matching circuit being connected between the first high-frequency power source and the first electrode. The second power supply source includes a second matching circuit that outputs second high-frequency power, the second high-frequency power having the same period as the first high-frequency power and being lower than the first high-frequency power.

Abstract: A process inferentially determines hydrodynamic bearing flotation in a metal rolling operation for a metal roller bearing. The process receives from a mill stand processing the metal roll a rolling load of the metal roll, a gap between a pair of rollers pressing the metal roll, and a speed of the metal roll through the pair of rollers. The process further receives from the mill stand a gauge of the metal roll after the metal roll has passed through the pair of rollers. The process determines the hydrodynamic bearing flotation using the rolling load of the metal roll, the gap between a pair of rollers pressing the metal roll, the speed of the metal roll through the pair of rollers, and the gauge of the metal roll after the metal roll has passed through the pair of rollers. The process then adjusts the gap between the pair of rollers based on the determined hydrodynamic bearing flotation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for adjusting the rolls (1, 2, 3, 4) of a roll stand (5), wherein the roll stand (5) comprises at least two interacting working rolls (1, 2), wherein one of the working rolls (1) is arranged in the roll stand (5) in a displaceable manner for adjusting a roll gap, and wherein the other working roll (2) can be rotated in the roll stand (5) in a working position, but for defining a passline (p) in the direction normal to the surface of the roll material is fixed in a non-displaceable manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring device, a roll stand and a method for detecting the height of a roll gap between two working rolls in the roll stand. In order to ensure a high level of measurement accuracy of the roll gap transmitter even in the case of horizontal displacement of the working rolls in or against the rolling direction it is proposed in accordance with the invention to carry out adjusting the movement of the roll gap transmitter (110) with respect to the working rolls in the case of a displacement in or against the rolling direction so that even in a new or displaced end position of the working rolls a suitable relative position, which is required for a high level of measurement accuracy, between roll gap transmitter and the working rolls is guaranteed.

Abstract: A method for determining the rolling or guiding gap of the roll stands or guide stands in a multi-stand rolling mill positions a comparison scale at at least one stand, preferably at the first and the last stand, and subsequently the rolling or guiding gap of the respective stand is determined. In this method, a camera is arranged at one of the input or output sides and a transmitter for a reference device, a reference transducer and/or a reference scale is arranged at the other of the input or output sides before the comparison scale is positioned, such that adjustment operations at the camera can subsequently be avoided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring device, a roll stand and a method for detecting the height of a roll gap between two working rolls in the roll stand. In order to ensure a high level of measurement accuracy of the roll gap transmitter even in the case of horizontal displacement of the working rolls in or against the rolling direction it is proposed in accordance with the invention to carry out adjusting the movement of the roll gap transmitter (110) with respect to the working rolls in the case of a displacement in or against the rolling direction so that even in a new or displaced end position of the working rolls a suitable relative position, which is required for a high level of measurement accuracy, between roll gap transmitter and the working rolls is guaranteed.

Abstract: A regulation device (7) for a rolling stand (2) has a force regulator (8) and a position regulator (9) mounted underneath the force regulator. During operation of the regulation device, a rolling force target value (F*) and a rolling force actual value (F) are supplied to the force regulator (8). A regulating distance correcting value (ds1*) is determined by the force regulator (8) from the rolling force target value (F*) and the rolling force actual value (F). The regulating distance correcting value (ds1*), an excentricity compensation value (ds2*), and a regulating distance actual value (s) of a regulating element (6) are supplied to the position regulator (9). A correcting quantity (dq) is determined by the position regulator (9) from the values (ds1*, ds2*, s) supplied thereto and is delivered to the regulating element (6). The regulating distance of the regulating element (6) is changed according to the correcting quantity (dq).

Abstract: A method for flattening steel strip by cold rolling wherein the strip is passed through at least two cold rolling mill stands each having work rolls. A first mill stand has work rolls having local rigidity K significantly different from a second milled stand. The local rigidity K is calculated in Kgf/mm/mm in accordance with an equation. A six high mill comprises a pair of driven backup rolls disposed on the entry side, a pair of horizontal support rolls disposed on the exit side, and a pair of small diameter work rolls having an entry side face and an exit side face. The work rolls are disposed between the backup rolls and the support rolls, wherein during operation the entry side face of the work rolls engages the backup rolls and the exit side face of the work rolls engages the support rolls.

Abstract: A robot apparatus has a multi-link structure including a plurality of links and joints serving as link movable sections, and in which at least some of the links are driven by combination of position control and force control. The apparatus includes: position controller performing position control on the links, which are driven by position control and force control; position controller with force constraint placing the force control before the position control so as not to cause a magnitude of an external force to exceed a set value; force controller performing the force control on the links; and integrated force/position controller controlling driving of the joints by switching the position controller, the position controller with force constraint, and the force controller, and unifying the position control and the force control.

Abstract: A gauge control apparatus reduces deviation of an actual plate thickness from a target plate thickness on the delivery side of a rolling mill, in all speed ranges, and produces good products by controlling plate thickness considering changes in the oil film thickness of oil film bearings of backup rolls and the deformation resistance of a rolled material with respect to rolling speeds. The gauge control apparatus computes an oil film thickness compensation value to compensate for increase and decrease of the gap resulting from a change in thickness of the oil film bearing attributable to rolling speeds, an acceleration compensation value to compensate for increase and decrease of plate thickness on the delivery side of the rolling mill resulting from a change in deformation resistance of the rolled material attributable to rolling speeds, and deviation of the predicted plate thickness from the target plate thickness, in consideration of the computed compensation values.

Abstract: A thickness control apparatus of a reversing rolling mill has an entry thickness gauge that measures the thickness of the material to be rolled, and entry material speed detector that detects the speed of the material to be rolled. Measured thickness measured by the entry thickness gauge is tracked on the basis of the speed of the material to be rolled detected by the entry material speed detector. A mill delivery thickness calculator calculates thickness on the delivery side of the reversing rolling mill on the basis of the thickness on the entry side and the roll gap detected.

Abstract: In an apparatus for producing a spark plug, approach driving conditions are calculated on the basis of a specified thrust feeding amount so that, while a temporal overlap occurs between a time period of feed-driving toward a rolling position P2 of a workpiece supporting portion (11) and an approach driving time period, in a circumferential direction of a workpiece W, a positional relationship between the starting position of the threaded portion which is rolling-formed, and the joining position of the ground electrode to the tip end face of the workpiece W is constant. The operation of an approach driving portion is controlled on the basis of the calculated approach driving conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Cluster mill which utilizes a Cluster mill gauge control system, has a high mill stiffness, a large work roll gap for threading, a rapid work roll gap opening, accurate roll force computation, side to side tilting, and utilizes work rolls over a much wider diameter range.

Abstract: A device for aligning the input apparatuses and the channels in a rolling stand is characterized in that it comprises: a measurement instrument (20) equipped with means (22, F, 23) for detecting the position of the surfaces of the channels (4), at least one electronic sensor (24) suitable for receiving such position detection and instrumentation for displaying the detection and its processing, and for providing the detected position.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Cluster mill which utilizes a Cluster mill gauge control system, has a high mill stiffness, a large work roll gap for threading, a rapid work roll gap opening, accurate roll force computation, side to side tilting, and utilizes work rolls over a much wider diameter range.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical device for measuring characteristics of toolings (116), especially chuck and roll in a seamer. The optical device comprises a radiation source (102) adapted to generate radiation, means (106, 108) for diverting the radiation so as to pass through a profile in the toolings (116), and a detector (114) adapted to receive the radiation that passed through the profile. The characteristics of the toolings (116) such as the profiles of a gap between the chuck and the roll, are processed from the detected radiation that passes through the profile.

Abstract: A flooring system comprises a preformed composite panel having a first sheet (2), a second sheet (3) and a core of insulating material between the first and second sheets (2, 3). In one case the sheet (2) is a generally flat top sheet and the sheet (3) is a profiled bottom sheet. A floor such as a wood effect floor (5) is laid over the flat top sheet (2). An acoustic barrier layer 6 is located between the floor (5) and the sheet (2). The profiling of the sheet (3) defines channels (7) for location of service ducts/conduits (11). A planar facing (8) is applied over the profiled sheet, bridging the channels (7).

Abstract: A method and device for controlling the final thickness of a rolled product at a tandem rolling mill exit which make it possible to remove the cyclic defects of the product thickness variation. The method includes using at least one rolling stand provided with hydraulic adjustment devices located on the tandem rolling mill exit and in compensating the cyclic defects of the product thickness variation generated upstream through the entire rolling mill on the stand with the aid of an adjuster (R) coordinated with the frequency of defects. The method and device are suitable for tandem cold rolling mills producing metal strips. The thickness defects are detectable by a thickness sensor.

Abstract: A method of increasing control precision of a path of a product in a leveling machine including: a fixed support cage; two leveling assemblies with parallel rollers, which are placed above and below the strip respectively; devices necessary to adjust the interlocking of the rollers; a mechanism for measuring leveling forces at least of two sides of the machine; and a theoretical pre-setting model. The method directly measures at least one value for the spacing of the leveling rollers, which is compared to reference values, and uses the members for adjusting the position of the leveling rollers to maintain the measured values equal to the reference values. The method is particularly suitable for machines used to level flat metal products.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for increasing the process stability, particularly the absolute thickness precision and the installation safety during the hot rolling of steel of nonferrous materials, with small degrees of deformation (f) or no reductions while taking the high-temperature limit of elasticity (Re) into account when calculating the set rolling force (Fw) and the respective setting position (s). The process stability can be increased with regard to the precision of the yield stress (kf,R) and the set rolling force (Fw) at small degrees of deformation (f) or small reductions, during which the high temperature limit of elasticity (Re) is determined according to the deformation temperature (T) and/or the deformation speed (phip) and is integrated into the function of the yield stress (kf) for determining the set rolling force (Fw) via the relation (2) Re=a+eb1+b2·T.phipc, in which: Re represents the high temperature; phip represents the deformation speed, and; a, b, c represent coefficients.

Abstract: A method for determining a shape of a shift roll for a rolling mill, includes the steps of determining a necessary control amount distribution ?i for a plate crown with respect to plate widths, based on a distribution of the number of plates rolled by a target rolling mill with respect to plate widths, and providing a maximum radius difference yA0 of the shift roll. The method further includes the steps of preliminarily determining a line yi of a roll radius distribution with respect to plate widths, based on the necessary control amount distribution ?i and the maximum radius difference yA0, shifting the line yi of the roll radius distribution by a maximum roll shift to obtain a distribution ?yBi of a roll gap change amount with respect to plate widths under the maximum roll shift, and smoothing sharp local changing part of the distribution ?yBi of the roll gap change amount.

Abstract: While a reference means having a positional relationship to the pass-line of a continuance mill determined in advance and caliber profile (area enclosed by the groove profile of a rolling roll) formed by a rolling roll at each stand are imaged within the same visual field and a position corresponding to the pass-line is calculated based on the region corresponding to the reference means within the taken image, the center position of the region corresponding to the caliber profile within the taken image is calculated and the misalignment amount of the caliber profile can be calculated based on the calculated center position and the calculated position corresponding to the pass-line. Accordingly, a misalignment amount can be measured accurately as long as images of the reference means and the caliber profile are taken within the same visual field.

Abstract: A bridle unit assigned to a rolling stand with several rolls arranged in adjustable positions below and above the strip flow, which can be moved by means of a drive from an initial position to the strip and from the strip back into the initial position, wherein the roll situated closest to the roll gap of the rolling stand can be moved by means of an additional drive from an initial position below the strip flow or from an initial position above the strip flow to the strip, such that, when the bridle unit is used for coloring the strip, the circumference of the roll deflects the strip upward or downward from the horizontal pass line and forms a bite angle above or below the pass line.

Abstract: A device for measuring the roll gap (7) between the working rollers (1a: 1b) of a cold or warm rolling stand for rolling out narrow or wide strips of metal, especially NE metal strips, by means of roll gap sensors (6) whose signals are transmitted to the servo-valves of the compressed oil control as a roll gap setpoint value for the piston cylinder units influencing said roll gap (7), and used to provide a roller gap measurement which is also suitable for such cases involving the lateral progression of said strip. In order to achieve said aim, the position or travel sensor (6) is provided in at least one bending cylinder (5a;5b) for the working cylinder (1a, 1b) for indirect reference measurement of the roll gap via the positively or negatively acting bending cylinders (5a; 5b).

Abstract: A method and system for furnace pacing in a mill are disclosed herein. Billets are extracted from a furnace and provided in an alternating fashion to two or more strands of a multistrand stand. The timing of the extraction of each of the billets from the furnace, i.e., the furnace time, is based at least in part on a prediction of the rolling times of a previously extracted billets at the strands of the multistrand stand and a desired gap between the billets. Likewise, the actual rolling time of each billet is measured and compared with the predicted rolling time of the billet to generate a correction factor associated with the billet. The furnace time of a subsequent billet intended for a same strand as a previously extracted billet is adjusted by the correction factor associated with the previously extracted billet to regulate the gaps between billets at each strand of the multistrand stand, thereby increasing the productivity of the mill while reducing the potential for collisions between billets.

Abstract: A rolling apparatus is proposed with four rolls arranged in the shape of a star whereby one drive unit each is assigned to the rolls and whereby an adjusting unit each precedes the rolls through which the rolls are arranged adjustably in a radial and an axial direction. The separate and comprehensive triggering of the individual rolls (3) always allows a symmetrical introduction of the rolling stock to and through the rolling apparatus.

Abstract: Roll gap control is provided using a first roll position detector that detects a first position of a first roll, a second roll position detector that detects a first position of a second roll and a third roll position detector that detects a first position of the third roll. A processor determines a second position of the first roll based on the first position of the second roll and the first position of the third roll.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of monitoring the distance between the rolls of the roll pairs in a rolling line that includes a plurality of mutually sequential roll units where each unit includes a roll pair and a roller guide for leading a bar section or billet into said unit during a rolling operation. According to the method, the roller guides are provides with vibration measuring means for continuously sensing vibrations in the roller guides. These vibrations are analyzed with respect to frequency, for determining the distance between the rolls of the roll pair that immediately precedes or follows the roller guide.