Abstract: A method for depositing a material on a substrate includes providing an apparatus with at least one material dispenser. The method further includes positioning the pen tip at a predetermined writing gap where the predetermined writing gap is a distance of more than 75 micrometers above the substrate. The method also provides for controlling velocity of the flow of material through the outlet and dispense speed based on dispensed line height and dispensed line width parameters. An apparatus for depositing a material on a substrate is also provided which may have one or more mechanical vibrators, a pen tip with a hydrophobic surface, or multiple nozzles and pen tips on a single pump.

Abstract: A stretch reducing rolling mill for rolling pipes has a plurality of roll stands arranged in series in a conveying direction of a pipe. A wall thickness measuring device determines a wall thickness progression of the pipe prior to rolling. A control unit controls respective rotational speeds of the roll stands. A pipe position measuring device is arranged in front of the roll stands and continuously measures a current longitudinal coordinate of the pipe. The measured values of the longitudinal coordinate of the pipe are transmitted to the control unit. The control unit controls the rotational speeds of the roll stands based on both the determined wall thickness progression and the transmitted measured values of the current longitudinal coordinate of the pipe, in order to compensate for wall thickness variations of the pipe. A stretch reducing rolling mill is designed to carry out the method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and device for determining the loss on ignition of at least part of an iron and steel product during passage through a furnace upstream of a descaler. The device includes electromagnetic sensors, with at least one arranged to scan the product's lower surface near the furnace outlet, the sensor oriented so the scanning plane of the electromagnetic radiation from the sensor is perpendicular to a direction of movement; a set of at least two electromagnetic sensors upstream of the descaler, oriented so their scanning planes are substantially on a single plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the at least part of the product; and at least two electromagnetic sensors downstream of the descaler, oriented so their scanning planes are substantially on a single plane perpendicular to the product's movement direction. The sensors determine the height of the product upstream and downstream of the descaler.

Abstract: A rolling stand for tubes or rounds comprising two or more rolls defining a rolling section of the rolling stand that is coaxial to a rolling axis Y of the same stand, each roll having a respective rolling surface defining a respective straight line of symmetry passing through the rolling axis and through the center of symmetry of the respective surface, thus determining a first half and a second half of the respective surface. The rolling stand also including two gap zones having a radial distance from the rolling axis and a groove bottom zone having a radial distance from the rolling axis at the intersecting point of the respective surface with the respective straight line of symmetry, the rolling stand providing, for each roll on said respective rolling surface, at least one first pushing zone and at least one second pushing zone.

Abstract: A plant to control the section of a rolled product passing through a rolling train comprises at least two rolling stands, at least a section area measurer disposed immediately at exit from at least one of the stands located downstream of the first stand, a control unit comprising a database, in which at least the parameters relating to the expected value of the section of the rolled product at exit from each stand are memorized, means to compare the values detected by the section area measurer with the values memorized in the database and means to act on the rolling parameters according to said values detected.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to monitor conditioning machines are disclosed herein. An example system includes a plurality of work rolls to process a strip material. A first sensor detects a first distance between an upper surface of the strip material and a first reference location and a second sensor detects a second distance between an upper surface of the strip material and a second reference location. A controller determines a difference value between the first distance and the second distance to detect material curvature of the strip material.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving the flatness of a rolled sheet or strip by the application of differential cooling. A cooling agent can be selectively applied along the width of the strip. More cooling can be applied to the edges of the strip, where tension is greatest, to increase tension at the edges. The strip can be allowed to lengthen at these edges, which can improve flatness. In some embodiments, a closed loop flatness control system is used to measure the flatness of a strip and automatically adjust the differential cooling based on the measurement.

Abstract: A method controls the section sizes of a rolled product in a segment of a rolling line between at least two rolling stands, wherein each is provided with its own drive members, in which at least a detector located between the two rolling stands detects a characteristic size of the rolled product. A control unit compares the characteristic size of the rolled product with a reference size and acts on said drive members in order to hold the rolled product in an optimal drawing condition. The method comprises setting a predefined value of an electric quantity of at least one of the drive members, measuring the reference size, and verifying the characteristic size of the rolled product in transit. If a deviation is detected between the characteristic size and the reference size, returning the characteristic size of the rolled product to the reference size.

Abstract: Provided is a method of controlling operation of a tandem rolling mill which enables large reduction rolling in the latter-stage stand of the tandem rolling mill necessary for manufacturing fine-grained steel, and so on. The method comprises: a step of determining a first exit-side sheet thickness in rolling a constant portion of a material to be rolled; and a step of determining a second exit-side sheet thickness in rolling a front end portion of the material, such that a pre-tightening load becomes a set value or less; the material is rolled into the second exit-side sheet thickness, until the front end portion is fed into the stands; the constant portion is rolled by the stand given a pre-tightening load into the first exit-side sheet thickness; and the second exit-side sheet thicknesses of the stands given the pre-tightening load are made larger than the first exit-side sheet thickness.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of controlling strip geometry in casting strip having a rolling mill. A target thickness profile is calculated as a function of the measured entry thickness profile of the strip while satisfying profile and flatness parameters. A differential strain feedback from longitudinal strain in the strip is calculated by a control system by comparing the exit thickness profile with the target thickness profile, and a control signal is generated to control a device capable of affecting the geometry of the strip processed by the hot rolling mill. A feed-forward control reference and/or sensitivity vector may also be calculated as a function of the target thickness profile, and used in generating the control signal sent to the control device. The control device may be selected from one or more of the group consisting of a bending controller, gap controller and coolant controller.

Abstract: An elongation rolling control method is provided which can manufacture a hollow shell of high dimensional accuracy and can suppress rolling problems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rolling device (1) comprising at least two working rollers (2, 3) and a roll gap (4) between the working rollers (2, 3) for guiding through and rolling a rolling stock (5) such as, for example, a strip (6) preferably of metal and optionally an arrangement of support rollers (7, 8), wherein furthermore at least one measuring device (11) is provided for measuring a backslip of the rolling material of the rolling stock in front of the roll gap (4), wherein furthermore a control or regulating unit (13) is provided which drives control members for adjusting the flatness of the rolling stock on the basis of the signals of the measuring device (11).

Abstract: A strip is fed a rolling stand of a multi-stand rolling mill with a known inlet thickness and exits with a strip thickness. Measurement parameters are determined that are characteristic of the inlet-side and outlet-side strip velocities. With the measurement parameters, the inlet-side and outlet-side strip velocities are determined with respect to the rolling stand. With the inlet thickness, the inlet-side and outlet-side strip velocities, the strip thickness is determined with respect to the rolling stand. Taking into account the determined strip thickness, further measures are taken. The measurement parameter for the inlet-side velocity is the roller peripheral velocity directly prior to the rolling stand. Alternatively or in addition, the measurement parameter for the outlet-side velocity is the roller peripheral velocity. The peripheral precession of the strip is modeled.

Abstract: A gauge control apparatus reduces deviation of an actual plate thickness from a target plate thickness on the delivery side of a rolling mill, in all speed ranges, and produces good products by controlling plate thickness considering changes in the oil film thickness of oil film bearings of backup rolls and the deformation resistance of a rolled material with respect to rolling speeds. The gauge control apparatus computes an oil film thickness compensation value to compensate for increase and decrease of the gap resulting from a change in thickness of the oil film bearing attributable to rolling speeds, an acceleration compensation value to compensate for increase and decrease of plate thickness on the delivery side of the rolling mill resulting from a change in deformation resistance of the rolled material attributable to rolling speeds, and deviation of the predicted plate thickness from the target plate thickness, in consideration of the computed compensation values.

Abstract: A flaw detection apparatus and flaw detection method for automatically detecting the occurrence of a flaw in a mother tube manufactured by rolling a hollow shell using a mandrel mill are provided. A flaw detection apparatus (100) according to the present invention includes a wall thickness gauge (1) which is installed on the exit side of a mandrel mill (M) and which measures the tube wall thickness in each of the reducing directions of a hollow shell (P) in the #1-#5 stands of the mandrel mill, rolling load measuring devices (2) which measure the rolling load in the #1-#5 stands, and a decision unit (3) which determines whether there are flaws in the mother tube based on the measured value of the tube wall thickness in each of the reducing directions of the hollow shell (P) and the measured value of the rolling load in each stand.

Abstract: This invention relates to a rolling mill apparatus and a method of shape control of a rolled strip which enables satisfactory shape control even in extremely thin rolling. A rolling mill apparatus of this invention has a rolling mill, which rolls a rolled strip P between upper and lower work rolls; a shape detecting portion, which detects the degree of flatness of the rolled strip in the width direction of rolled strip which has been rolled by the rolling mill; a spray portion, having a plurality of spray nozzles arranged along the length direction of the upper and lower work rolls, which sprays the upper and lower work rolls with coolant C; and, a shape control portion, which adjusts the spray amount and/or temperature of the coolant C sprayed from the spray portion based on detected information from the shape detecting portion, to control the shape of the rolled strip P.

Abstract: In a wire rod mill, the last rolling block or unit, either a finishing unit or a postfinishing rolling unit, with common drive is not used for traction control, but traction control upstream thereof is provided to regulate the cross section of the wire rod strand before entry into the last stage. The product is a wire rod strand of low cross sectional tolerance and high uniformity over the length of the rod.

Abstract: Apparatus for reducing the diameter, rounding or straightening of pipe or tubing by rolling comprising a plurality of cylindrical rollers arranged in a parallel-cylindrical array through which the pipe or tubing is passed, the rollers being skewed to displace their central contact zones radially inwards bringing them into forceful contact with the external surface of the pipe or tubing, and being rotated to cause the central contact zones to describe helical paths along the external surface of the pipe or tubing. Thereby to progressively apply locally to the whole of the external surface of the pipe or tubing a compressive force in excess of the yield strength of its material, causing the pipe or tubing to adopt a set at a smaller diameter.

Abstract: A rolling system has a rolling mill a rod workpiece, a wire block comprised of at least two roll stands downstream of the rolling mill, and a calibrating block comprised of three roll stands spaced apart in the direction downstream of the wire block. The workpiece is passed in the direction downstream in the direction from the rolling mill through the wire block and thereafter through the calibrating block with thickness reduction in each block. The gaps of the stands of the calibrating block are set at a fixed spacing and not varied during a rolling operation. A sensor measures the thickness of the workpiece upstream of the calibrating block, and gaps of the roll stands of the rolling mill or wire block are adjusted in accordance with the measured thickness such that the workpiece has a predetermined thickness on entering the calibrating block.

Abstract: In a method and a device for producing curved lengths of spring band steel in order to produce precisely toleranced, dimensionally stable bending radii, the spring band steel (10) pass through a bending unit (20), which is comprised of three support points (23-25) spaced apart from one another, and passes through a reverse bending unit (22), which is disposed after the bending unit (20) in the advancing direction of the spring band steel (10) and is comprised of a fourth support point (32), and in a cutting unit (21), the curved and recurved lengths of spring band steel (11) are cut from the spring band steel (10). The central support point (24) of the bending unit (20) and the fourth support point (32) of the reverse bending unit (22) are embodied so that they can be moved and are controlled in their advancing in relation to the spring band steel (10) by means of a numerical control unit (20) in accordance with predetermined programs (FIG. 1).

Abstract: The eccentricity of a hollow billet is measured at the outlet of an inclined-roll rolling mill by launching an ultrasonic pulse into the billet from a laser of a measuring device and measuring the transit time of an echo pulse also utilizing a laser and an optical analyzer. The measuring device is moved, during travel of the hollow billet along a path from the rolling mill linearly into the direction of travel or angularly around the hollow billet to eliminate the effect of the internal helical formation of the eccentricity on the measurements. The wall thickness measurements are evaluated by a computer and subjected to Fourier analysis.

Abstract: An apparatus for repositioning the web of a rolled structural shape such as an H-beam or I-beam in which the web spans between two flanges. The horizontal rolls of the mill stand are individually adjusted by computer based upon a measurement of the web profile upstream of the mill stand along a conveyor for the workpiece so that the rolling gap is located centrally between the upper and lower flange edges notwithstanding the fact that the web may have originally been off-center.

Abstract: A method of controlling a rolling mill comprising at least two mill stands (1,2) arranged after each other, wherein a first stand (1) is arranged upstream of a second stand (2). Each of said stands comprises two spaced rolls (3,4,5,6). An elongated material (8) is fed between the rolls of each stand by rotating the rolls. The width of the material (8) is measured at a location downstream of said second stand (2), and if the measured width is not within predefined first upper and lower limit values, an interstand tension between said first (1) and said second stand (2) is adjusted to a value corresponding to the deviation of the measured width from said predefined limit values in order to control the width of said material (8), to be within said first upper and lower limit values.

Abstract: A rolling mill facility includes a single or plural rolling mills having a pair of top and bottom work rolls and that roll strip steel and strip shape detecting devices installed at least on one side of the inlet and outlet sides of the rolling mill. The strip shape detecting devices consist of a single roller on which the metal strip gets wound and at least two bearing boxes one side or four bearing boxes on both sides with the bearing boxes supporting the roller in a free-to-rotate manner and at least two load cells on one side or four load cells on both sides for measuring the supporting load of each of the bearing boxes. From the load values measured by the load cells, the tension distribution of the strip is computed and that tension distribution is converted into the strip shape of the strip.

Abstract: In a rolling mill facility having a strip shape detection equipment, making it possible to measure the strip shape of metal strip after rolling easily and with a simple construction. In a rolling mill facility consisting of a single or plural rolling mills 4 having a pair of top and bottom work rolls 2 and 3 that roll strip steel 1 and strip shape detecting devices 5 and 6 installed at least on one side of the inlet and outlet sides of the rolling mill 4, said strip shape detecting devices 5 and 6 consist of a single roller 14 on which the metal strip 1 gets wound, and at least two bearing boxes 9A and 10A on one side or four bearing boxes on both sides with said bearing boxes 9A and 10A supporting the roller in a free-to-rotate manner, and at least two load cells 11A and 12A on one side or four load cells on both sides for measuring the supporting load of each of the bearing boxes 9A and 10A.

Abstract: A method of rolling a bar-shaped stock to predetermined end height and end width measured transverse to the end height and including providing a rolling will train having a plurality of arranged one after another active rolling mill stands having adjustable roll rips and forming rolling mill stand pairs, providing a respective plurality of hydraulic cylinder units for adjusting the roll rips of respective rolling mil stands, rolling the bar-shaped stock through the rolling mill stands, and compensating at least a fraction, individually for each of the plurality of rolling mill stands, of rolling force-caused spring-offs of the respective rolling mill stands by controlling operations of respective hydraulic cylinder units.