Abstract: A metal strip stretching mill comprising a stretching station and, oppositely adjacent thereto, a group of pulling rolls and a group of braking rolls with adjustably speed-controlled drives on the rolls in the immediate vicinity of the stretching station and torque-controlled drives of stepped-up or stepped-down power on all other rolls, and a disconnectable clutch at the roll trunnion of at least one torque-controlled roll in the middle of each roll group, for a downward expansion of the usable power range of the installation through selective disconnection and idling of said rolls.

Abstract: In a multi-stand stretch-reducing tube-rolling mill, the stands at the entry end forming a first group are driven from a main motor and an auxiliary motor and the remaining stands forming a second group are driven from the main motor and a separate auxiliary motor, the corresponding rotational speeds derived from the main motor and one or other of the auxiliary motors being added by means of a planetary gear in a summing transmission. A single stand between the two groups can be driven from the main motor only. The separate auxiliary motor at the entry end enables control over the tube elongation (or compression) to be effected over a shorter tube length, and thereby more accurately.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of rolling metal articles and can be used to advantage in rolling sheet steel. This method envisages the rotation of drive and driven work rolls in opposite directions at a higher and a lower peripheral speeds, respectively. The chosen ratio between the peripheral speeds of the work rolls is less than the elongation of the article so that thereby the specified unit tension applied to the article at the exit section thereof is provided for with reference to the ultimate strength of the metal emerging from the rolls. This is conducive to increasing the maximum elongation of the article and reducing the roll force by a considerable amount with the constriction of the article in breadth at the same time.

Abstract: Three or more work rolls are arranged substantially in line with each other so that the adjoining work rolls each form a roll pass between them. The work rolls are driven in such a way that the rolls closer to the exit end of the rolling mill stand rotate with increasingly greater peripheral speeds. Metal strip is continuously passed through each roll pass and is wound around part of the periphery of the work rolls disposed between the work rolls at both ends of the stand. Thus, the strip is rolled between each pair of the adjoining work rolls. The work rolls are also driven in such a way that at least in one of the pairs of the work rolls, the peripheral speed of the higher-speed work roll is greater than the speed with which the strip leaves the roll pass formed by the pair of work rolls.

Abstract: In the reduction of the cross section of wire, rods or bars by rolling, the work material is placed under longitudinal compression in a roughing block and/or in an intermediate block and is only under tension in a finishing block. By this means, the ends of the work material are thinned prior to entry into the finishing block, instead of being thickened as they would be if the work material were under tension in the roughing and/or finishing block. Compensation for this end thinning is effected in the finishing block due to the rolling under tension, so that wastage due to cropped thickened ends is avoided.

Abstract: A loop lifter for continuous strip rolling mills has an arm which is journalled in a support for pivotal movement about a horizontal axis. An end portion of the arm carries a freely turnable roll which can engage a loop from below and lift it upwardly. A counter balancing spring reacts between a fixed pivot and the arm and assures that the pivot shaft for the arm is not subject to any free torque during pivoting movement of the arm between 0.degree. and 90.degree. of arc.

Abstract: In a method of rolling a strip between work rolls with small and large diameters, while tensioning and bending the strip, the diameter ratio of the small and large work rolls is chosen from the range of 1/1.5 to 1/10, at least one of the work rolls or of rolls in a group backing up the work rolls is driven, and the strip is rolled as it is forced through the work rolls while being bent toward or around either the small or large work roll at a strip entry-exit angle between 5.degree. and 30.degree..

Abstract: A rolling mill apparatus and process comprise a plurality of rolls defining a plurality of roll bites defining a gap spacing between adjacent rolls. A fixed gap spacing is employed for at least one roll bite. A floating gap spacing is provided for at least one other roll bite. It is thereby possible to control in a desired manner the amount of thickness reduction at a desired roll bite in a pass through the mill.

Abstract: A swaging machine for tight-swaging of end pieces (42) on a wire (44), cable, metal bar or metal filament having two with rolling grooves provided rolls (34,36) being freely rotatably mounted on two shaft journals secured to a base support. The machine is provided with a pulling device (54,56) that is securable by coupling means to the end piece when this end piece member is put in between the rolls and that can be controlled by an hydraulic driving unit (16) preferably for pulling the end piece between the rolls.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a temper-rolled profile of a cold rolled steel strip after continuous annealing, comprising subjecting the continuously annealed cold rolled steel strip simultaneously to temper-rolling and profile controlling by use of a six-high rolling mill of intermediate roll shifting type in the same production line.

Abstract: In a hot strip rolling mill a velocity damping compensator circuit is added to the current regulating loop of the looper motor drive generating a torque on the looper arm mechanism between roll stands, thereby to prevent disturbances when applying the looper arm and looper roller against the strip being rolled.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for the rolling of bars, rods or wire to avoid thickened ends in which a number of rolling stands are provided in tandem forming a rolling line and in which one or more of the last rolling stands in the line have separate drive means with means to regulate the speed independent of the other rolling stands to provide momentarily increased speed and tension on the two ends of the material being rolled.

Abstract: A device for automatically wrapping a strip of metal to be rolled partly around upper and lower working rolls in the form of S or inverted S in a safeguarded and simplified manner.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for rolling metal strips in a rolling mill having a 4-high roll stand and a tension roll stand comprising a plurality of pairs of combined rollers. The method comprises advancing the metal strips through the 4-high roll stand and tension roll stand, so that the strip extends between the roller of each pair of combined rollers and is partially wrapped around each of the rollers. The rollers of each pair are rotated in opposite directions at a pre-determined circumferential differential speed ratio.

Abstract: Metal strip is made by heating a workpiece to an elevated temperature, wrapping it around a substantial arc of a first roll, positioning a second roll with respect to the first roll to provide a roll pass therewith at the exit end of the wrap, positioning a third roll with respect to the second roll to provide a second roll pass to give the desired strip thickness with the workpiece engaging a substantial arc of the second roll between the roll passes, the arc of wrap around each of the first and second rolls being less than 90.degree.. The second roll is rotated at a peripheral speed substantially greater than that of the first roll and the third roll is rotated at a peripheral speed at least as great as that of the second roll. A ferrous base hot rolled strip having a width of at least 20 inches, a maximum thickness of 0.04 inches and a length of at least 80 feet is obtainable by this method.

Abstract: A device for narrowing the breadth of a sheet spring material in an apparatus for manufacturing a taper leaf spring by which the sheet spring is previously subjected to breadth narrowing operation with edge rollers before taper rolling.A shape for narrowing the breadth of a sheet spring material is calculated so that a product after rolling may be within the tolerance. Then, a shape of template thus obtained is detected by a pair of detecting rollers to regulate the interval between the work rollers automatically before taper rolling.

Abstract: The mill includes a stand on which at least three work rolls are mounted. At least two of the work rolls are secured in the roll housing chocks and provided with a drive means. The rolls rotate in opposite directions at different peripheral speeds increasing along the passline. At least one work roll is provided with a screwdown. The mill according to the invention for rolling metal strip is characterized by the axis of the middle work roll being offset with respect to the plane passing through the axes of the extreme work rolls towards the point where the metal strip being worked enters the first pair of work rolls, formed with the middle and the first extreme work rolls, as viewed in the direction of the passline, and towards the point of the metal strip emergence from the second pair of work rolls, formed with the middle work roll and the second extreme work roll.

Abstract: A taper spring is manufactured by rolling which is achieved by a single-spindle planetary rolling mill having a shiftable upper roll and a planetary roll constructed by a main roll and a plurality of satellite rolls while applying predetermined longitudinal tension to a material by a drawing chuck located at the outlet side of the rolling mill and a pair of relatively movably feed rolls located at the inlet side of the rolling mill.

Abstract: The flatness of metal strip being rolled in a hot strip mill is improved by applying higher than normal interstand tensions with maximum permissible tensions being based upon preestablished maximum allowable width reductions due to interstand tensions. The relationships between interstand tension and interstand plastic deformation are predetermined functions of strip material properties, strip temperature, and assumed tensile stress distribution across the strip width.

Abstract: A device for controlling the shape of the strip or sheet being rolled comprises at least two sets of rollers positioned in pairs on both sides of the strip or sheet across the width thereof and incorporating speed actuators for tensioning said strip of sheet, a reglator means for regulating the tension of the rolled strip or sheet, having its inputs electrically connected to the actuators from which output signals representative of a predetermined initial virtual tension of the strip or sheet being rolled are applied thereto, a means for setting a predetermined tensioning of the strip or sheet being rolled, said tension setting means being connected to the other input of the strip or sheet tension regulating means having its output electrically connected to the control inputs of the actuators, sensor means for sensing angular position of the rollers, and a comparator having its inputs connected to the outputs of the sensor means for sensing the angular position of the rollers and its output to other control i

Abstract: An apparatus and process for rolling metal strip to provide increased percentage reductions in the thickness of the strip per pass and increased total reduction between anneals. A 4-high rolling mill is modified so that it is back-up roll driven such that the back-up rolls have different peripheral speeds in the same ratio as the desired strip reduction. The strip travels through the mill in a serpentine arrangement to provide three reductions per pass. Forward and back tension are applied to the strip during rolling.

Abstract: For use in drawing, straightening or stretching a strip of metallic material such as bars, wire, and coils, an apparatus having a pair of elastic ring-equipped roll assemblies which provide a high tensioning force for the strip material held therebetween. As the tensioning force increases, the elastic ring in each of the roll assemblies tends to deform elastically along the circumferential direction of the area which contacts the material, thus increasing the contact area over which the applied force is evenly distributed. By this means the force per unit area can be reduced. The elastic ring is mounted on a control driving shaft by at least three axially rotatable rollers, two of which are arranged to bridge the area of the material contacted by the ring.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a process for the regulation of the thickness of a flat product such as a strip, sheet or plate, being rolled in a hot tandem rolling mill, and the corresponding regulation device for carrying out the process. Regarding each stand of the rolling mill on which the adjustment is being performed, a constant rolling pressure is maintained, the gap is measured, the deviation between the measured gap and a set value corresponding to a desired thickness of the product is determined, and the necessary correction of the value of the tensile force applied on the product between the stand under consideration and the upstream stand in order to bring the gap back to its set value is determined. Finally, this correction of the tensile force between the stand under consideration and the upstream stand is performed.

Abstract: Metal strip tensioning apparatus for use in a continuous cold reduction method and mill for metal strip in which the trailing end of a metal strip passing through the mill is welded to the leading end of a metal strip coming off a new coil without stopping the mill, the trailing end portion of the metal strip passing through the mill being paid out from a metal strip storage system during the welding operation with a resulting loss of close control of the lateral metal strip position at the entry side of the first mill stand, the present invention providing a method and means associated with a metal strip back tensioning unit ahead of the first mill stand for correcting the lateral position of the metal strip issuing from the metal strip storage system while applying the tension of the metal strip in the metal strip storage system to the metal strip entry side of the back tensioning unit.

Abstract: A continuous rolling mill capable of rolling a sheet metal under a reduced rolling force without wrapping it around work rolls wherein, at each of rolling stands, the upper and lower work rolls are rotated at different peripheral speeds in such a way that the peripheral speed of one of said pair of rolls which is rotated faster than the other may be substantially equal to the velocity of the metal sheet leaving said pair of rolls while the peripheral speed of said other roll which is rotated slower than said one roll may be substantially equal to the velocity of the metal sheet entering the pair of rolls.

Abstract: A thin metal sheet is produced in a continuous rolling operation by passing the hot workpiece through a succession of size-reducing compression roller stands. Between the furthest downstream stand and the stand immediately upstream therefrom there is provided a stretcher which decreases the workpiece's thickness between 5 and 15%, whereas the furthest downstream rolling stand merely reduces the thickness between 3 and 6%. Thus irregularities in planarity and the like are completely eliminated by the stretcher and the furthest downstream rolling stand serves merely to accurately size the workpiece.

Abstract: A rolling mill capable of rolling a sheet metal into a final product under a low rolling pressure without the need of wrapping the sheet metal around a pair of work rolls. The pair of work rolls are rotated at different peripheral velocities, and the tensions exerted to the sheet metal entering and leaving the pair of work rolls as well as the degree of reduction are so controlled that the ratio of the peripheral velocity of one of the pair of work rolls which is rotated faster than the other work roll to the peripheral velocity of the other work roll may be substantially maintained equal to the elongation ratio of the thickness of the metal sheet entering the pair of work rolls to the thickness of the metal sheet leaving the work rolls.

Abstract: A rolling mill wherein a pair of upper and lower work rolls are rotated at different peripheral velocities with the peripheral velocity ratio being substantially equal to an elongation ratio at which a sheet metal is rolled, and the tensions exerted to the sheet metal entering and leaving the pair of work rolls are controlled in such a way that the velocity of the sheet metal entering the work rolls may be maintained equal to the peripheral velocity of one of the pair of work rolls which is rotated slower than the other while the velocity of said sheet metal leaving the work rolls may be maintained equal to the peripheral velocity of said the other work roll. Rolling may be accomplished without the need of wrapping the sheet metal around the work rolls, and the rolling pressure may be reduced to a degree comparable RD process.

Abstract: A strip-processing line for the continuous after-rolling of metal strip between a pair of bridles. According to the invention the drive motors of the upper and lower cold-rolling rollers are hydraulically driven, the rollers are controlled by the speed of the strip in one phase of operation and by the pressure or force with which the rollers are urged against the strip in a second phase.

Abstract: In the rolling of metallic material by using a rolling mill having a working roll for each surface of the workpiece reduced and having the shafts fixed with respect to movement in the direction of travel of the workpiece, the workpiece is rolled at such a high reduction rate in cross-sectional area that the contact angle .theta. between the working roll and the workpiece can have a value of .gtoreq. tan.sup.-1 .mu. (.mu. being the coefficient of friction between the working roll and the workpiece), and the rolling operation is carried out by pushing the workpiece between the working rolls, so that a neutral point of relative movements between the rods and the workpiece wire remain within the surface along which the working roll and the workpiece contact each other.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of controlling inter-stand tension in rolling mills in which a tension measuring device is provided on each stand. The tension measuring device comprises a pair of load sensing devices provided respectively at the entry and delivery sides of the roll stand. Difference between outputs from the pair of load sensing devices is used as an output value of the tension measuring device. First, while a workpiece is captured by the second stand but is not yet captured by the third stand and when the tension in the workpiece between the first and second stands is consistent with a desired value, the output value from the tension measuring device of the second stand is stored. After the workpiece has been captured by the third stand, the difference between the stored output value and the output value from the tension measuring device of the second stand is used as the measured value of tension.

Abstract: A process and mill for stretch reduction rolling of tubes is provided having individually driven roll stands, said roll strands being driven so as to impart a maximum traction force, limited only by the transferability of frictional forces between roll and tube, on the tube in all the passes that grip said tube, at least in the passes at the entry end of the mill.

Abstract: A continuous cold reduction mill for metal strip in which the trailing end of a metal strip passing through the mill is welded to the leading end of a metal strip coming off a new coil without stopping the mill, the trailing end portion of the metal strip passing through the mill being paid out from a metal strip storage system during the welding operation with a resulting loss of close control of the lateral metal strip position at the entry side of the first mill stand, the present invention providing means associated with a metal strip back tensioning unit ahead of the first mill stand for correcting the lateral position of the metal strip issuing from the metal strip storage system while applying the tension of the metal strip in the metal strip storage system to the metal strip entry side of the back tensioning unit.

Abstract: A tensioning apparatus for metal strip, e.g. for advancing the metal strip through a processing station, for stretching the metal strip, or the like, comprises at least two sets of rolls (bridles) each comprising a pair of rolls in spaced apart relationship with the strip extending between the sets and over and under shooting respective rolls thereof. The drive system comprises a drive motor connected to one of the rolls of one of the sets (bridles) through a superimposing transmission (e.g. a three-element differential), one element of which is connected to the motor, another element of which is connected to the roll and a third element of which is connected by a shaft to a corresponding roll of the other pair via a similar three-element superimposition transmission. Another element of the latter transmission is connected to the roll of this other pair while a hydraulic motor is connected to the third element.

Abstract: A roller shell is rotatably mounted on a non-rotatable axle having an axial bore and is engageable with moving strip. A detector is non-rotatably mounted on said axle and comprises a magnet which produces a magnetic field and a sensing coil arranged to generate voltage signals in response to magnetic flux changes in said magnetic field. An annular rotor is disposed between said axle and said shell and non-rotatably connected to said shell and movable in said magnetic field to produce a predetermined magnetic flux change in said magnetic field in response to a predetermined angular movement of said shell. A lead is connected to said detector and extends in said axial bore and is arranged to transmit said voltage signals. In a hot strip mill, said axle is carried by pivoted arms tending to urge said shell against the underside of a strip contacting the top of said shell so as to support and tension said strip.

Abstract: A method of controlling a tandem rolling mill so as to minimize strip tension variations when the pass schedule is being changed. This result is achieved by selectively changing the roll speeds of the stands and the roll openings by means of an electronic computer.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the flatness of a metal sheet during rolling, which comprises two edge-rollers and a center-roller provided closely adjacent to opposite ones of the upper and the lower surfaces of a metal sheet during rolling substantially in the horizontal direction, at least at one of the entry and the exit sections of rolling mill rolls; said edge-rollers and/or said center-roller causing a change in the tension distribution of said metal sheet in the width direction, by imparting desired vertical displacement to a desired portion of said metal sheet, thereby increasing the draft at said portion of said metal sheet during rolling.

Abstract: Tubular billets are stretch-rolled in that the rolls of locations closer to the entrance have the speeds reduced temporarily from their respective normal operation speed by an amount, which is made dependent upon the mean longitudinal tension in the billet during rolling.

Abstract: A multistand rolling mill for stretch reducing tubes is provided in which the first stands of a plurality of successive stands are operated to build up tension and at least one of said stands is provided with means for varying the roll speed to provide a desired speed step in those stands designed to build up tension.

Abstract: A tension control system for use with a universal mill such as an H beam mill, in which a tension force in a billet, to be rolled, between roll stands is controlled so as to be maintained at zero. Providing that effective loads (Pu) are obtained by linearly summing horizontal and vertical rolling loads, the tension control system controls roll driving motors so as to maintain the respective ratios T/Pu of rolling torques T to effective loads (Pu) constant, thereby performing a non-tension control.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a new procedure for the stretch reducing of tubular stock, in a manner to reduce the so-called crop end loss off of specification product at the ends of a tube section. In the process of the invention, a multi-stand stretch reducing mill is provided with a plurality of speed variable mill stands, at least at the upstream or entry end of the multi-stand mill. As the head end of a finite tubing section enters the upstream end of the mill, and as the tail or trailing end of the finite section enters the mill, programmed speed variations are made in the selected mill stands, to compensate for the fact that the head end or tail end sections of a finite length of pipe are acted upon at any given instant by fewer mill stands than intermediate sections of the tube.In the process of the invention, selected mill stands are speed controlled such that certain ones thereof apply maximum pulling force to the tube end section, while certain other mill stands apply maximum retarding force.

Abstract: A return guiding device for reversing the direction of travel of flat metal material and suitable in particular for inserting metal strip into so-called S-roller frames consists of a return guide shell having an area of small width occupied by rollers, so that during guidance the corners at the leading edge of the strip do not rest on the rollers but only on smooth edge regions of the return guide shell.

Abstract: The specification discloses a completely automated method and apparatus for producing high tensile steel, of a controlled, predetermined U.T.S. and cross sectional area, from low and medium carbon steel by subjecting the steel to substantial elongation while simultaneously substantially heating and immediately thereafter rapidly quenching the steel, and while continually moving the steel relative to the heating and quenching means employed. The steel is heated to a temperature above its austenite conversion temperature. Greater elongation produces greater ultimate tensile strength, as much as more than twice as great as the starting ultimate tensile strength, and elongations approaching 200 percent have been effected.

Abstract: The specification discloses apparatus and a process for forming the female or bell end of welded wire reinforcing cages, particularly cages of the type used to reinforce concrete pipe. A cylindrical wire cage assembly is automatically centered and positioned within the apparatus and the bell end is formed by elongating one or more of the circumferential wires at one end of the cage. A force is applied between two points on the circumferential wires to simultaneously expand the wires and rotate the cage. A heat source is applied to a localized zone between the two points on the wire. The heat source and wire are moved relative to each other such that the heat zone moves along the wire as the force is applied. The wire is stretched under the force being applied to thereby continuously reduce the diameter of the wire and elongate the wire as it is moved relative to the heat source.

Abstract: A metal strip is spanned over a plurality of rollers carried on a pair of frames. A single heavy-duty drive motor rotates a common drive shaft that is connected via bevel gearing to the sun gears of a plurality of planetary-gear assemblies each having its planet carrier connected to the respective roller. The ring gear of one of these assemblies is fixed whereas the ring gears of all of the other assemblies are connected to respective compensating motors. A torque sensor at the output of each compensating motor generates an actual value signal indicating the amount of torque being applied by that motor to the respective ring gear. The comparator compares this actual-value signal with a set point coming from a single set-point generator and varies the motor speed in accordance with the difference between these two signals.

Abstract: The disclosure of this application relates to a looper device employed to impose a constant tension on a strip as it passes between the stands of a tandem rolling mill. The looper is operated by an hydraulic actuator which is controlled by a computer controlled hydraulic servosystem. The computer is fed a signal of the position of the looper and calculates the required pressure difference across the actuator for a desired tension.