Abstract: Coolant is applied to the rolls (12-14) of a rolling mill at the ingoing side of the mill by nozzles (22) which are located in casings (23, 24). The casings are sealed to the rolls by contact seals (25, 26, 30, 31) and by edge seals (19) so that coolant is entirely contained within the casings and is prevented from coming into contact with the work being rolled (16). Roll lubricant is directed by nozzles 80 on to the work rolls (12, 13) and the work (16) outside the confines of the casings.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuously brushing and lubricating rolls of rolling mills for rolled flat products without pollution of said products by the lubricant used; it can be used in hot or cold rolling, in particular for Al or alloys thereof.An enclosure of general parallelepipedic shape which is open on one face and whose opposite sides which are adjacent to the opening are delimited by a circular arc, the radius of which is substantially equal to that of the roll, is applied thereto by way of a continuous resilient peripheral seal. The enclosure which contains the rotary brushes is lubricated by oil circulation and is under a slight depression.

Abstract: Apparatus for cooling a work roll in a rolling mill for rolling metal strip, has a plurality of sprays arranged in closely spaced rows extending in the longitudinal direction of the work roll, the sprays spraying water onto the work roll surface in a manner such that the surface of contact of the cooling water of each spray on the work roll surface is oblong in shape and the longitudinal axes of the said surfaces of contact form an angle to a describing line of the work roll surface. At least some of the sprays in at least two consecutive rows in the peripheral direction of the work roll are arranged so that the longitudinal axes of the surfaces of contact of the sprays in a first such row form an acute angle .alpha. to a first describing line on the work roll surface, and the longitudinal axes of the contact surfaces of the sprays in the second such row form an obtuse angle .beta. to a second describing line, whereby the surfaces of contact form a herringbone pattern.

Abstract: In rolling, particularly cold rolling of sheets, control of roll camber, and hence of the flatness of the rolled sheet, is ensured by a device fitted with a distributor capable of delivering a thin, continuous, low-turbulence jet of cooling liquid along a generatrix of the roll surface. The distributor is divided transversely into a number of chambers, each having structure allowing a given quantity of water into the chamber, this quantity being variable at will over a wide range. By regulating the quantity of water allowed into each chamber and hence the flow issuing therefrom, the amount of cooling along the body of the roll can be varied, thus varying its camber, so as to influence the flatness of the sheet.

Abstract: A rolling stand has a support frame, a pair of small-diameter working rolls defining a workpiece nip open perpendicular to the plane and rotatable about respective horizontal, parallel, and vertically spaced axes. A pair of large-diameter backup rolls are rotatable about respective axes parallel to and vertically flanking the working-roll axes. These backup-roll axes define a vertical plane offset from the working-roll plane. In addition each backup roll bears vertically on the respective working roll and a drive counterrotates the rolls of each roll pair to draw an elongated workpiece of predetermined maximum width generally perpendicular to the planes through the nip. The working rolls are longer than the maximum workpiece width and have end portions projecting axially beyond the workpiece. The rolls are pressed vertically toward the nip to compress and deform the workpiece thereat.

Abstract: A bearing isolator assembly particularly for use in a roll mill for isolating the environment from the support shaft bearing. A first isolator ring is non-rotatably mounted on the shaft and is concentric with and rotatable relative to a pair of fixed isolator rings which concentrically surround the shaft and are fixed to a support housing. These isolator rings defines therebetween a narrow clearance space which defines a tortuous path which initially includes a U-shaped labyrinth, one end of which communicates with the environment, and the other end of which communicates with an enlarged annular collection chamber which has a drain port associated therewith. This collection chamber is behind a dam associated with the rotatable isolator ring, and the downstream side of the dam is positioned closely adjacent a radial wall on the fixed isolator ring to define a narrow passage therebetween.

Abstract: A roll stand has a support frame, a pair of similar small-diameter working rolls rotatable about respective vertically spaced axes and defining a workpiece nip receiving a workpiece to be rolled, and a pair of similar large-diameter backup rolls rotatable about respective axes vertically flanking the working-roll axes and each bearing vertically on the respective working roll. These working rolls have ends and each have therebetween an effective axial length equal to at least 1.3 times the effective axial length of the respective backup rolls. Actuators are connected to the working rolls for displacing same axially relative to the backup rolls through an axial distance equal to about their own effective axial lengths between end positions each engaging only about half of the respective backup roll. A selector feeds to and through the stand a group of strips comprised generally of pairs of strips wherein the combined width of the strips of each pair is generally equal to the working-roll width.

Abstract: An improved lubricant and coolant removal system for a roll stand includes suction boxes surrounding the sheet formed by the roll stand and a series of pipes connecting the suction boxes to various coolant traps. Special doctor blades and air knives remove coolant from the rolls. An enclosing shroud prevents coolant overspray and mist from escaping.

Abstract: A leveling apparatus for leveling strips of metallic material comprising a support housing; a guide tube, rotatably attached to the support housing, having a hollow interior and a longitudinal slot; a cylindrical support roll, rotatably attached to the housing and positioned within the guide tube; a cylindrical work roll having a diameter substantially less than the support roll and positioned within the slot; and a feedback control for rotating the guide tube to position the work roll such that forces exerted upon the work roll by a metallic strip passing over it act to hold the work roll against the support roll, and tangential components of the force tending to urge the work roll against the guide tube are minimized. In a preferred embodiment, the control comprises a pair of opposing cylinders which are pressurized by a source of compressed fluid.

Abstract: A header for applying a low pressure, non-turbulent, coherent curtain wall of coolant of a substantial uniform extent and thickness transversely across the rolling surface of a work roll of a hot rolling mill or the like, which curtain wall in cross-section is in the form of the uniform concentric enveloping camber of a portion of a roll barrel. The placement of the applied wall of coolant is controlled so that the built-up heat in each succeeding work roll portion leaving contact either with the hot material being rolled or its associated back-up roll in a multi-high mill is substantially and uniformly removed, and optimized cooling thereof is achieved. An adjustable discharge slot which may be tapered to discharge the curtain wall across the length of the roll's camber in a manner to control cooling of the work roll from end to end, i.e. the cooling rate of the length of a roll would have a parabolic curve.

Abstract: An improved lubricant and coolant removal system for a roll stand includes suction boxes surrounding the sheet formed by the roll stand and a series of pipes connecting the suction boxes to various coolant traps. Special doctor blades and air knives remove coolant from the rolls. An enclosing shroud prevents coolant overspray and mist from escaping.

Abstract: A rolling stand including a pair of working rolls and associated backing rolls, the working rolls defining a nip through which a strip can be advanced in a succession of passes forming a single run, so that with each pass the thickness and widths of the strip are reduced. The working rolls have end regions projecting laterally beyond the longitudinal edges of the strip, and machining devices are provided on the frame of the stand to reduce the diameters of the projecting end regions of the working rolls after each pass during a single run so that the working rolls ony contact the respective backing rolls along a distance equal generally to the strip width.

Abstract: A rolling mill, particularly one capable of forming a hot, continuously cast metallic strand into a strip with a large bite and with one pass per mill stand, uses only two small diameter rolls per stand, each mounted for rotation in a pair of chock blocks and each having a comparatively narrow, enlarged diameter working portion. The outer surface of the working portion is profiled to maintain the product centered on the rolls and to accommodate for thermal expansion. The roll also includes an internal, longitudinally extending passage that receives a flow of coolant to control its temperature.

Abstract: A rolling stand includes a frame and a pair of working rolls mounted on the frame centered on and rotatable about respective parallel axes and defining a nip so that a strip can pass in each of a succession of passes forming a single run through the nip so that with each pass the thickness and width of the strip are reduced. The ends of the working rolls project laterally beyond the longitudinal edges of the strip. Respective backing rolls mounted on the frame extending generally the full length of the working rolls are braced toward the nip against the working rolls to urge same against the strip. Tools displaceably mounted on the frame reduce the diameters of the projecting ends of the working rolls several times after respective passes during a single run so that the working rolls only contact the respective backing rolls along a diatance equal generally to the workpiece width.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for hot rolling metal between a plurality of roll stands having work rolls with nonpolar surfaces lubricated by a nonpolar lubricant.

Abstract: A steel strip is first passed longitudinally in a predetermined travel direction through a nip between a pair of parallel rolls, and then passed downstream in the direction from the rolls over a sensor that engages the strip at a plurality of zones spaced apart on the strip transverse to the direction. The sensor generates respective output signals corresponding to the deviations from planarity of the strip at the zones. A treatment liquid is sprayed uniformly and at a relatively high temperature on the rolls while respective streams of a coolant liquid at a relatively low temperature are directed at regions of the rolls corresponding to the zones. The heat exchange between the streams and the rolls is varied in accordance with the respective output signals to thermally change the diameters of the rolls in the respective regions and thereby eliminate the deviations in planarity detected by the sensor.

Abstract: A coolant seal for use in a rolling mill wherein the neck of a roll is rotatably supported in an oil film bearing contained within a bearing chock, with a seal assembly located between the roll end face and the bearing chock to retain oil in the bearing and to exclude contaminants such as cooling water, mill scale, etc. from the bearing. The seal assembly includes a circular seal end plate fixed relative to the bearing chock at a location surrounding a circular flanged seal mounted on the roll neck for rotation therewith. The coolant seal is circular, with a radially disposed mounting flange integrally joined at its inner edge to a sealing flange extending angularly and flexibly therefrom. The mounting flange is secured to a mounting surface on the seal end plate at a location placing the sealing flange in frictional contact with the roll end face.

Abstract: A roller is shown having an apparatus for cooling or heating the roller surface. The apparatus has essentially one or more chambers which are open relative to the roller surface. The chambers have a substantially square internal cross section. A fluid is fed in through the inlet ducts. During operation of the roller turbulence is formed in the chambers. The turbulence results in a longer retention time for the fluid in the chambers thus producing a greater cooling or heating effect for the amount of fluid fed in.

Abstract: A roll coolant distribution header is provided. The header includes a binary valve assembly comprising a plurality of individually mounted two-stage solenoid valves. The valves extend through a plenum chamber filled with coolant. Spray nozzles project through one side of the chamber. The solenoids extend through the opposite side of the chamber and are sealed therefrom. Coolant is introduced into the chamber through its hollow trunnions from mounting/distributor blocks. The mounting/distributor blocks are fitted with coolant pipe connections.

Abstract: This invention relates to a rolling mill apparatus and process which utilizes the creation of a differential friction force in at least the most downstream one of a plurality of roll bites for a variety of purposes. In a first embodiment, a differential friction force is created at the most downstream roll bite for reducing the maximum strip tension and forward strip tension thereby increasing the maximum attainable reduction in strip thickness per pass and reducing the size of the recoiler used for applying the forward tension. In a second embodiment, differential friction forces are created at the most upstream roll bite and the most downstream roll bite for increasing strip tension at all of the roll bites while decreasing the separating force required to obtain given strip reductions without increasing the maximum strip tension.

Abstract: A method of and system for controlling the oil concentration in and the stability of an oil-in-water emulsion used as a coolant-lubricant in a metalworking operation in which a portion of the emulsion is circulated through a sensor to monitor its density and to generate a signal relating the density to the oil concentration. The signal is employed to control addition of oil to the emulsion to thereby control the concentration within close limits. Sensing means also monitors the stability of the circulated emulsion, and emulsifier is added, as required, either to the oil to be added or directly to the emulsion to thereby control both the oil concentration in and the stability of the emulsion.

Abstract: In the rolling of wire or rod in a rolling line having a roughing or intermediate block whose rolling stands have non-adjustable rolls except for those at the exit end of the block, the rolls of the non-adjustable stands can be re-used at least once in the same stand location after being re-conditioned by reconditioning all the rolls defining a first series of sizing passes so as to form a second series of sizing passes whose individual sizes are larger than those of the first series. The change in dimensions of a given sizing pass as a result of reconditioning is less than the difference between the dimensions of that sizing pass after reconditioning (i.e. of the second series ) and the dimensions of the immediately preceding sizing pass before reconditioning (i.e. of the first series). Thus, after a second or subsequent reconditioning the rolls of a given stand are transferred to the immediately preceding stand for re-use to define the first series of sizing passes.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for applying an ordinarily high viscosity lubricant as an atomized spray onto metal working surfaces without the use of high velocity air. The method comprises the steps of heating the lubricant to a temperature of approximately 170.degree. to 300.degree. F., hydraulically atomizing the lubricant by feeding the lubricant through a nozzle under a pressure of approximately 30 to 70 pounds per square inch whereby the relative velocity of the lubricant with respect to ambient atmosphere is increased upon exiting an orifice in the nozzle, and directing the lubricant onto the metal working surfaces.

Abstract: A hot strip rolling mill stand, and more particularly a mill stand for use in the hot rolling process of a continuous strip casting system for aluminum, aluminum alloys and other metals, and which includes an improved means for the discrete applications of coolant for cooling rolls and to maintain thermostability and also for applying direct application lubricant for the strip being reduced.

Abstract: A metal product, such as a steel strip or a mill roll, is cooled by spraying a coolant towards a surface of the product travelling along a given path, by means of cooling apparatus comprising two hollow caissons arranged one inside the other and rigidly connected together to constitute a unit. The unit is located adjacent the product surface and extends across the path of the product surface. Each caisson has a plurality of holes in a wall which is to face the product surface, each hole of the outer caisson being paired with a coaxially aligned hole of the inner caisson. A coolant sprayer is fixed in each pair of holes. Preferably, the sprayers are supplied with air from the inner caisson and water from the outer caisson, the water being atomized by the air.

Abstract: A method of and system for controlling the oil concentration in and the stability of an oil-in-water emulsion used as a coolant-lubricant in a metalworking operation in which a portion of the emulsion is circulated through a sensor to monitor its density and to generate a signal relating the density to the oil concentration. The signal is employed to control addition of oil to the emulsion to thereby control the concentration within close limits. Sensing means also monitors the stability of the circulated emulsion, and emulsifier is added, as required, either to the oil to be added or directly to the emulsion to thereby control both the oil concentration in and the stability of the emulsion.

Abstract: An articulated spindle as used for example in a rolling mill drive has a shank the ends of which are connected to sleeves through gear-type couplings. Liquid is continually passed through each gear-type coupling for cooling and lubrication. The liquid is supplied under pressure through the shank to the couplings, passes through the couplings, and is withdrawn under suction through return conduits which rotate with the shank. The liquid is supplied by a delivery pump through a rotating joint to the shank and is withdrawn from the return conduits through the rotating joint by a suction pump.

Abstract: An oil film bearing for a roll neck in a rolling mill, wherein a sleeve with a tapered bore in mounted on a tapered section of the roll neck for rotation therewith, the sleeve being journalled in a non-rotatable bushing contained in a bearing chock. During rolling, a film of high pressure oil is maintained hydrodynamically between the sleeve and bushing at the bearing load zone. In order to provide lubrication at the roll neck/sleeve interface, a portion of the hydrodynamic oil is bled from the sleeve/bushing interface via holes extending radially through the sleeve into a plurality of longitudinal primary grooves in the sleeve bore. This conventional arrangement is improved by the addition of a plurality of secondary grooves in the sleeve bore. Oil is forced from the primary grooves into the second grooves via connecting grooves in the sleeve bore. The connecting grooves create a pressure differential which opposes reverse flow of oil from the secondary grooves into the primary grooves.

Abstract: Coupling for piping for a roll chock in a rolling mill, which allows quick exchange of rolls and automatic coupling of piping in the roll chock for supplying lubricating oil. In this rolling mill, male and female tubular couplings are secured to a roll chock, and to a mill housing, respectively, so that the male and female tubular couplings may be engaged with or disengaged from each other only by displacing the roll assembly in its axial direction.

Abstract: In a rolling mill for reducing metal, having upper and lower work rolls between which the metal is passed and at least one back-up roll for the upper work roll, the combination of means for applying coolant to the surface of the upper work roll only on the outgoing side of the mill, casing structure enclosing the locality of coolant application and so arranged that a narrow gap is defined between the upper work roll and a transverse wall of the casing below the coolant-applying means, and means for creating a rapid flow of air along the upper work roll surface adjacent the gap in a direction to prevent exit of coolant through the gap from the casing structure while withdrawing air from the casing structure. The air-flow creating means may include means for maintaining the interior of the casing structure at subatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: In a rolling mill for reducing metal, having upper and lower work rolls between which the metal is passed and at least one back-up roll for the upper work roll, the combination of means for applying coolant to the surface of the upper work roll only on the outgoing side of the mill, casing structure enclosing the locality of coolant application and so arranged that a narrow gap is defined between the upper work roll and a transverse wall of the casing below the coolant-applying means, and means for creating a rapid flow of air along the upper work roll surface adjacent the gap in a direction to prevent exit of coolant through the gap from the casing structure while withdrawing air from the casing structure. The air-flow creating means may include means for maintaining the interior of the casing structure at subatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A continuous casting system provides with a foreign matter receiving gutter between two adjacent rolls to receive foreign matters dropping during the drawing operation of castings, and a foreign matter removing nozzle to wash away the foreign matter dropped on the gutter. An electromagnetic agitator of the continuous casting system is provided with a proximity switch at least at its inlet side to sense a magnetic substance approaching the agitator thereby to control the operation of the agitator, thus eliminating troubles caused by the vibration of the magnetic substance.

Abstract: A system for measuring and controlling the concentration of an emulsion, wherein a measuring pipe included in an emulsion feed line is fitted with an emulsion concentration-detecting device; the ultrasonic wave transmitter of the concentration-detecting device sends forth ultrasonic waves into an emulsion running through a circulation line so as to be caught by an ultrasonic wave receiver; the concentration-detecting device generates an output signal corresponding to the velocity with which ultrasonic waves are propagated from the ultrasonic wave transmitter to the ultrasonic wave receiver, utilizing the fact that the velocity of said propagation is substantially proportional to the concentration of an emulsion flowing through the circulation line, and also delivers an output signal corresponding to temperature variation from a detection terminal through a transducer to a circuit for correcting the measured concentration of the emulsion according to temperature variation in view of the fact that the propagati

Abstract: A lubricating device for mounting on a spindle, such as a roll spindle, in which a split gear ring is mounted on the spindle and confined within a cover which has a pinion therein meshing with the gear ring and forming a lubricant pump therewith. The gear ring has axial hub portions thereon and there are bearings interposed between the cover and the hub portions rollingly supporting the cover on the hub portions. The cover is sealed to the hub portions and is held against rotation on the spindle.