Abstract: A device for pumping molten metal includes a pump configured to pump molten metal, wherein the pump comprises (i) a motor, (ii) a shaft having a first end connected to the motor, and a second end connected to a rotor, wherein the rotor is configured to push molten metal upwards as it rotates. At least part of the shaft and the rotor are positioned in a conduit of a riser. The riser has an outer surface, a front, a bottom, a two-stage conduit, an inlet and an outlet above the inlet and below the motor. The two-stage conduit has a lower stage and a an upper stage, wherein the lower stage is generally cylindrical and the upper stage has a circular cross-sectional portion and one or more lobes extending from and in communication with the circular cross-sectional portion.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a foam in a conduit comprises extruding a metal conduit. A metal foam powder is injected into a cavity of the metal conduit. The metal foam powder is activated to form a metal foam in the cavity of the metal conduit. A device for producing a foamed metal comprises an extruder that comprises one or more screws for extruding a metal through a die to form a conduit. The die comprises a plurality of ports for injecting a metal foam powder into a central hollow cavity or a wall cavity of the conduit. The device comprises a pressurizing section for increasing pressure on the metal foam powder and a thermal section for increasing the temperature of the metal foam powder to facilitate its expansion into a metal foam.

Abstract: An extrusion apparatus and process are disclosed that produce high-performance extrusion structures. The extrusion apparatus includes a shear tool that applies a rotational shear force and an axial extrusion force to the face of a billet material that plasticizes the billet material. Plasticized material is extruded through an extrusion die along the length of the inner bore of the shear tool which yields hollow and solid extrusion structures. The process refines the microstructures of the extrusion structures and extrusion materials.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for moving a wire along its own axis against a high resistance to its motion causing a substantial uniaxial compression stress in the wire without allowing it to buckle. The apparatus consists of a wire gripping and moving drive wheel and guide rollers for transporting the moving wire away from the drive wheel. Wire is pressed into a peripheral groove in a relatively large diameter, rotating drive wheel by a set of small diameter rollers arranged along part of the periphery causing the wire to be gripped by the groove.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuous extrusion of an aluminum sheathing on to a core cable includes a rotatable wheel formed with two identical circumferential grooves outwardly bounded by arcuate tooling discharging through radial exit apertures to an extrusion chamber positioned around a portal mandrel. A powered pay-off reel is arranged continuously to supply core cable through the mandrel while aluminum sheathing is extruded as a loose fit from extrusion chamber around the core cable. The extruded cable is discharged through cooling device to roller corrugator including a rotating frame mounted on carriage freely moveable axially of the cable and provided with a rotational drive having a roller arranged to form a continuous helical indentation in the sheathing. Pneumatic actuating cylinders positioned on the carriage provide a constant, low magnitude, tension on the portion of the sheath intermediate the extrusion chamber and roller corrugator and limit forces tending to distort the uncooled sheath.

Abstract: Extrusion mandrel assembly for continuous extrusion apparatus has a lobed, mushroom shaped, dolly formed with a central spacing stem located in the chamber adjacent a pair of discharge ports connecting respective exit apertures into an internal cavity in the chamber and a pair of shaped lobes having rear faces extending from central spacing stem, outer edge portions and front faces merging into a collar around a neck co-acting with an annular shoulder on extrusion die body to form an annular extrusion gap, with each lobe profiled so frictional surface drag on extruding material is uniform around lobed dolly. Individual paths between discharge ports and annular extrusion gap are equal in length as measured on respective surfaces of the rear faces, edge portions and front faces of profiled lobes. An extruded aluminium cylindrical tube up to 150 mm diameter and wall thickness of 1 mm to 4 mm may be formed avoiding discontinuities.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuous extrusion of an aluminium sheathing free from imperfections or discontinuities onto a core cable, such as an insulated copper cable, includes a rotatable wheel formed with a pair of circumferential grooves arcuate tooling bounding radially outer portions of the respective grooves, a die body provided with divergent exit apertures discharging laterally to an extrusion chamber through 90° elbows and short divergent passages at diametrically opposed locations. An electrical induction heater includes coils of copper tubing connected to an electrical power source and to a coolant circulating device is positioned at a radially outer portion of the die body and is energizable to supply heat to the die body to maintain a uniform temperature of approximately 480° C., controlled by signals from thermocouples around the extrusion chamber.

Abstract: Extrusion mandrel assembly for continuous extrusion apparatus has a lobed, mushroom shaped, dolly formed with a central spacing stem located in the chamber adjacent a pair of discharge ports connecting respective exit apertures into an internal cavity in the chamber and a pair of shaped lobes having rear faces extending from central spacing stem, outer edge portions and front faces merging into a collar around a neck co-acting with an annular shoulder on extrusion die body to form an annular extrusion gap, with each lobe profiled so frictional surface drag on extruding material is uniform around lobed dolly. Individual paths between discharge ports and annular extrusion gap are equal in length as measured on respective surfaces of the rear faces, edge portions and front faces of profiled lobes. An extruded aluminium cylindrical tube up to 150 mm diameter and wall thickness of 1 mm to 4 mm may be formed avoiding discontinuities.

Abstract: An apparatus for plastically deforming a work piece in the form of a sheet, comprising at least two cylindrical guide rolls rotatable in a first direction, each of said cylindrical guide rolls having an outer circumference; a bendable strip having a portion of at least one surface in communication with a portion of the outer circumference of each of the at least two guide rollers, said bendable strip being capable of motion around the at least two guide rollers in the first direction and exerting a force upon a work piece, a first cylindrical feeding roll rotatable in a second direction opposite to the first direction, said first cylindrical feeding roll having an outer circumference, a plastic deformation passage having a first surface and a second surface, at least a portion of the first surface being defined by a portion of the bendable strip, and at least a portion of the second surface being defined by the outer circumference of the first cylindrical feeding roll, wherein one or both of the bendable stri

Abstract: A method of treating a metal billet to change its mechanical and/or physical properties by reducing grain size, the method involving feeding the billet through a first passage and into a second passage inclined to the first passage and deforming the billet by repeatedly loading and unloading it using a reciprocating die at a junction between the first and second passages.

Abstract: A drive wheel has a generally cylindrical exterior surface with a circumferential groove. A block has a cylindrical working surface in sliding contact with the drive wheel, an operational face with an opening there through. A die is located in the opening and has an interior surface constituting a continuation of the working surface of the block. The die has an exit opening. A diverter is secured to the die and extends into the recess with a leading abutment edge positioned in operative proximity to the exit opening.

Abstract: An apparatus for plastically deforming a work piece. The apparatus comprises at least two cylindrical guide rolls rotatable in a first direction, a bendable strip having a portion of at least one surface in communication with a portion of an outer circumference of each of the at least two cylindrical guide rolls, a first cylindrical feeding roll rotatable in a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a plastic deformation passage having a first surface and a second surface, at least a portion of the first surface being defined by a portion of the bendable strip, and at least a portion of the second surface being defined by the outer circumference of the first cylindrical feeding roll. One or both of the bendable strip and the cylindrical feeding roll, when in motion, propel the work piece through the plastic deformation passage wherein the work piece is plastically deformed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for performing continuous extrusion of a metallic material, such as copper, so that the material to be extruded (1) is fed in the extrusion member (4) by means of a feed member (3) provided with a groove on its peripheral wall (2) and by an abutment (5) arranged in said groove, so that the groove (8) is protected against oxidation by arranging for at least part of the peripheral wall (2) of the feed member (3) a gas-protecting member (7). The invention also relates to said equipment.

Abstract: Continuous extrusion apparatus includes a rotatable wheel, the rotatable wheel including a circumferential groove. Continuous extrusion apparatus includes a shoe including an arcuate tooling bounding a radially outer portion of the groove provided with an exit aperture in a die body and an abutment displaced in the direction of rotation from the exit aperture. The shoe includes a heater body assembly including an electrical induction heating coil assembly arranged to be energisable to co-act with a magnetisable element to effect electrical induction heating thereof; and an element is provided to thermally induce movement of co-acting members for one of expanding and contracting to adjust clearances between the rotatable wheel and the abutment and the shoe within requisite limits.

Abstract: An apparatus that continuously processes a metal workpiece without substantially altering its cross section includes a wheel member having an endless circumferential groove, and a stationary constraint die that surrounds the wheel member, covers most of the length of the groove, and forms a passageway with the groove. The passageway has a rectangular shaped cross section. An abutment member projects from the die into the groove and blocks one end of the passageway. The wheel member rotates relative to the die in the direction toward the abutment member. An output channel in the die adjacent the abutment member has substantially the same cross section as the passageway. A metal workpiece is fed through an input channel into the passageway and carried in the groove by frictional drag in the direction towards the abutment member, and is extruded through the output channel without any substantial change in cross section.

Abstract: A shear deformation apparatus comprises: a die having an inlet and an outlet; and a rotatable device installed at a shear zone for supporting a material introduced into the inlet of the die and thus changing a direction of the material to the outlet of the die, of which the surface moves together with the material. According to the apparatus, a frictional resistance between the material and the die is reduced and a generation of a dead zone is prevented, thereby reducing a deformation resistance and having a uniform shear deformation.

Abstract: A method for forming metal-cladded metal matrix composite wires. The method associates a ductile metal cladding to the exterior surface of a metal matrix composite wire comprising a plurality of continuous, longitudinally positioned fibers in a metal matrix.

Abstract: A continuous shear deformation apparatus comprises: a roller for pushing a metal sheet to be processed into dies; the dies having an inlet for introducing a metal sheet, a shear deformation zone for shear-deforming the sheet, and an exit; and a control unit for controlling a gap of the dies exit depending on the compressive stress generated at the metal sheet while the metal sheet passes through the shear deformation zone of the dies. The compressive stress generated at the metal sheet becomes constant when the metal sheet is shear-deformed, and thereby the thickness of the metal sheet is uniformly controlled in a longitudinal direction.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for angularly extruding a workpiece through a die to form blanks and articles having refined grain structure. The die is also used to form the workpiece to a desired shape, such as a cylinder. The angular extrusion method can be used in place of some heat treatments, thereby lowering the cost and time for manufacturing articles. The method is compatible with materials with high strength-to-weight ratios such as aluminum, titanium, and alloys thereof. The blanks can be used to form articles having favorable mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, formability, and resistance to fatigue, corrosion, and thermal stresses.

Abstract: Die heater body assembly for continuous extrusion apparatus includes a die block of non-magnetic material for the extrusion of copper tube and a bucket portion forming a sliding fit in a die heater body. The die heater body includes a coil of copper tubing in a ceramic support material provided with electric power and cooling water connections to heat the bucket portion by electrical induction to a temperature of approximately 700° Celsius. To concentrate the electric induction heating effect at the bucket portion low reluctance magnetic members and magnetic material end blocks direct eddy current flow toward the bucket portion. Weakening of the shoe as a consequence of provided the heating is limited.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for angularly extruding a workpiece through a die to form blanks and articles having refined grain structure. The die is also used to form the workpiece to a desired shape, such as a cylinder. The angular extrusion method can be used in place of some heat treatments, thereby lowering the cost and time for manufacturing articles. The method is compatible with materials with high strength-to-weight ratios such as aluminum, titanium, and alloys thereof. The blanks can be used to form articles having favorable mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, formability, and resistance to fatigue, corrosion, and thermal stresses.

Abstract: A method of processing a billet of metallic material in a continuous manner to produce severe plastic deformation. The billet is moved through a series of CSPD dies in one operation to efficiently produce a billet characterized by a controlled grain structure. The long billets of metal stock are moved along the processing path through the CSPD dies with plural sets of pinch rolls which grip the billet and push it into the entry channel of the dies. Other sets of pinch rolls pull the billet from the exit channel of the dies.

Abstract: A continuous extrusion machine has a chassis (1) supporting a wheel (2) for rotation by a motor. An endless groove (7) extends around the periphery of the wheel (2). A shoe (3) is mounted in the chassis (1) and has an enveloping surface shaped to closely envelop an arc of the wheel (2) periphery so that the groove (7) co-operates with the shoe (3) to form a passage. An abutment is mounted on the shoe (3) to extend into the passage at a downstream end. Tooling is mounted in the shoe (3) including a die such that a material such as aluminum or copper bar fed into the groove (7) is extruded through the die as a consequence of the energy transfer via friction from the rotating wheel (2). A gap (12) exists between the enveloping surface and the wheel (2). The gap (12) is used to provide the orifice of a sonic gap (12) sensor whereby the size of the gap (12) can be accurately and directly measured.

Abstract: A method of operating a twin wheel conform metal extrusion device or a cladding extrusion device for producing a composite of an extruded metal shell bonded to a metal foam core. A metal feedstock is extruded through an extrusion die defining a cavity housing a hollow extrusion mandrel to produce a metal shell. Liquid foam of a second metal is simultaneously delivered through the hollow mandrel bore such that the foam exiting the axial bore is metallurgically bonded to the metal extruded through the cavity.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for angularly extruding a workpiece through a die to form blanks and articles having refined grain structure. The die is also used to form the workpiece to a desired shape, such as a cylinder. The angular extrusion method can be used in place of some heat treatments, thereby lowering the cost and time for manufacturing articles. The method is compatible with materials with high strength-to-weight ratios such as aluminum, titanium, and alloys thereof. The blanks can be used to form articles having favorable mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, formability, and resistance to fatigue, corrosion, and thermal stresses.

Abstract: A continuous extrusion machine has a chassis (1) supporting a wheel (2) for rotation by a motor. An endless groove (7) extends around the periphery of the wheel (2). A shoe (3) is mounted in the chassis (1) and has an enveloping surface shaped to closely envelop an arc of the wheel (2) periphery so that the groove (7) co-operates with the shoe (3) to form a passage. An abutment is mounted on the shoe (3) to extend into the passage at a downstream end. Tooling is mounted in the shoe (3) including a die such that a material such as aluminium or copper bar fed into the groove (7) is extruded through the die as a consequence of the energy transfer via friction from the rotating wheel (2). A gap (12) exists between the enveloping surface and the wheel (2). The gap (12) is used to provide the orifice of a sonic gap (12) sensor whereby the size of the gap (12) can be accurately and directly measured.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device for producing copper or copper based metal objects in a continuously operated extrusion device, where the material to be extruded is brought to the extrusion member in a groove formed on the circumference of a feed member made to rotate. According to the invention, in the groove (3,10) of said feed member, coated with a metal coating (8,11), the ratio of the groove width to the groove height is within the range 0.5-2.0.

Abstract: A continuous extrusion machine has a chassis (1) supporting a wheel (2) for rotation by a motor. An endless groove (7) extends around the periphery of the wheel (2). A shoe (3) is mounted in the chassis (1) and has an enveloping surface shaped to closely envelop an arc of the wheel (2) periphery so that the groove (7) co-operates with the shoe (3) to form a passage. An abutment is mounted on the shoe (3) to extend into the passage at a downstream end. Tooling is mounted in the shoe (3) including a die such that a material such as aluminium or copper bar fed into the groove (7) is extruded through the die as a consequence of the energy transfer via friction from the rotating wheel (2). A gap (12) exists between the enveloping surface and the wheel (2). The gap (12) is used to provide the orifice of a sonic gap (12) sensor whereby the size of the gap (12) can be accurately and directly measured.

Abstract: Continuous extrusion apparatus for the production of copper tubing having a rotatable wheel formed with a plurality of circumferential grooves registering with (as shown in FIG. 1) abutments 4 formed on a die top 2. Respective exit apertures 6 each have a cross-sectional area of between two and five times the radial cross-section of the associated groove and lead to a passage 8 smoothly diverging to connect into an extrusion die chamber 10 housing an annular extrusion die (not shown). The appartus produces an extrudate in the form of a continuous, seamless, copper tube having a mass in excess of 500 kilograms extruded at a temperature of approximately 750 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous shear deformation device, in particular, which is capable of mass-producing shear deformed materials by continuously supplying a sharply bent channel type mold with materials, particularly, which have a variety of thickness from thin sheet to thick plate. The continuous shear deformation device in accordance with the present invention includes a sharply bent channel type mold and a rotary guide apparatus installed at the inlet of the mold for guiding materials into the mold by frictional contact with the materials. In addition, the present invention can additionally include a rotary guide for exiting the shear-deformed material.

Abstract: Continuous extrusion apparatus for the production of copper tubing having a rotatable wheel formed with a plurality of circumferential grooves registering with (as shown in FIG. 1) abutments 4 formed on a die top 2. Respective exit apertures 6 each have a cross-sectional area of between two and five times the radial cross-section of the associated groove and lead to a passage 8 smoothly diverging to connect into an extrusion die chamber 10 housing an annular extrusion die (not shown). The appartus produces an extrudate in the form of a continuous, seamless, copper tube having a mass in excess of 500 kilograms extruded at a temperature of approximately 750 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: A continuous, friction-actuated extrusion apparatus, comprised of a cylindrical first member having a circumferential groove formed in its peripheral surface. A stationary second member projects into the groove and defines a passageway between the first member and the second member, the passageway having an entry end and an exit end. A metal feeding device for feeding metal into the passageway at the entry end as the cylindrical first member rotates toward the exit end. An abutment member extends across the passageway at the exit end and at least one die orifice is located at the exit end of the passageway. At least one restriction member is located in the passageway between the orifice and the entry end, the restriction member constricting the passage for a portion thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous shear deformation device. In order to occur shear deformation at the position at which a material is inserted into a molding path from a rotary guide apparatus for the purpose of solving the problem that the amount of shear deformation of a material is non-uniform and insufficient due to the gap between the curved portion of the molding path and the lower parts of the material, there is provided a continuous shear deformation device, characterized in that a curved portion is constructed by collaboration between the rotary guide apparatus and the molding path. In addition, there are provided additional constructions for effectively performing shear deformation by a small power by reducing the friction at the molding path excepting the curved portion. The present invention thusly constructed can be utilized for continuously and effectively mass-produce sheared materials.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the forming of a shaped article includes a means for plasticizing a feed material; a die chamber; a means for delivering a plasticized feed material from the plasticizing means and into the die chamber, the delivery means in flow communication with the plasticizing means and the die chamber; and means for applying a pressure to a material in the die chamber. In operation, a feed material is introduced into a plasticizing source; the plasticized feed material is delivered to a die chamber connectable in flow communication with the plasticizing source; and supplemental pressure is applied to the plasticized feed material within the die chamber.

Abstract: A method is proposed for producing a metal tube (1) with one or several optical fibers (2) extending therethrough. Metal (10) applied to the surface of a frictional wheel (11) is conveyed to a retaining space (12) by applying pressure and temperature. The metal (10) subsequently exits from the retaining space (12) through the annular exit opening (16) of a forming nozzle (17) in a direction which is approximately tangential to the circumference of the wheel, and solidifies to form the metal tube (1). The optical fibers (2) are passed through a feed opening (19) disposed in the center of the forming nozzle (17), with all sides of the optical fibers spaced apart from the exit opening (16). The tube forming process is repeated to form an outer metal tube (4) on the metal tube (1) with the optical fibers (2) disposed therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the continuous extrusion of a metallic material, in which extrusion process the feedstock to be extruded is fed into the extrusion apparatus (4) by means of a feed member (2) advantageously provided with a groove on its outer circumference and a cooperating shoe (3) installed in said groove. According to the invention, the feed member (2) and the shoe (3) are adjusted at a desired distance from each other. In order to essentially maintain said desired distance and to eliminate the extrusion forces, the position of the shoe (3) in relation to the feed member (2) is maintained by means of an extrusion member (8) connected to the shoe (3).

Abstract: Continuous extrusion apparatus having a rotating circumferential groove (72) carrying feedstock to a passageway formed between the groove and arcuate tooling extending into the groove has the groove formed on the central region (72) of a cylinder (2). The cylinder (2) is formed with end bosses (16, 18) which are supported in bearings (4) such that deflection arising from generating very high extrusion pressures in the passageway is minimised and stresses are distributed to the bearings (4) in a manner avoiding concentrations or the incidence of unacceptably high variations in local stress levels. The cylinder (2) is end connected to a drive shaft (24) outboard of the bearing (4) with a splined end portion (22) of the drive shaft locating in an end recess (20) in the cylinder (2). Alternatively a bolted connection may be used. A tie bolt (36) extends coaxially of the cylinder (2) and serves to apply a compressive axial loading to the cylinder to counter tension stresses arising during extrusion.

Abstract: A tooling assembly for a continuous extrusion apparatus includes a die top positioned in a shoe arranged to be urged into contact with a rotating wheel having a circumferential groove. An abutment body is positioned as a sliding fit in a recess provided in the die top and is formed with a spine arranged to project into the circumferential groove and with shoulders flanking the spine arranged to co-act with the cylindrical surface of the wheel adjacent an abutment face. The abutment face lies in a plane inclined slightly to an axial plane through the wheel and the faces on the abutment body seating on faces of the recess are aligned such that forces arising during extrusion act to urge the abutment body into the recess.

Abstract: A die top assembly engaging with a rotating wheel (not shown) of a continuous extrusion apparatus includes a die top (22) formed with a part cylindrical face (34) coacting with the wheel cylindrical surface and is positioned in a shoe held in contact with the wheel. The die top (22), which is required to resist the very high extrusion pressure forces, is carried on a support block (30) and, at the face remote from the part cylindrical face (34), is formed with a recess (50) accommodating a die support ring (54) and spacer (52). Ports (28) registering with circumferential grooves in the rotating wheel extend from the part cylindrical face (34) to a semitoroidal channel (44) and extrudate supply chamber (46) extending around a central boss (80). A central mandrel die piece (72) is secured in position by means of a bolt (76) threaded into a blind bore (78) in the boss (80) and coacts with a cylindrical die (56) to form an extrusion orifice (86).

Abstract: A continuous extrusion machine has a rotatable wheel with a continuous groove in a wall. A fixed shoe structure associated with the wheel provides a passageway and an abutment on the shoe structure closes off one end of the passageway. An extrusion die leads from the passageway at or adjacent the abutment. The entire wheel is located within a hood which is sealed except for apertures for the feedstock, the extruded product and the flash which is removed from the groove. A gaseous, non-oxidizing atmosphere is provided in the hood at a pressure greater than the atmosphere outside the hood. This prevents oxide and other contaminants from entering into the extruded product.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the forming of a shaped article includes a means for plasticizing a feed material; a die chamber; a means for delivering a plasticized feed material from the plasticizing means and into the die chamber, the delivery means in flow communication with the plasticizing means and the die chamber; and means for applying a pressure to a material in the die chamber. In operation, a feed material is introduced into a plasticizing source; the plasticized feed material is delivered to a die chamber connectable in flow communication with the plasticizing source; and supplemental pressure is applied to the plasticized feed material within the die chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously extruding shaped articles includes a frictional extrusion source for extruding a feed material, a chamber for holding frictionally extruded material received from the extrusion source, a plurality of die chambers, each of the die chambers receiving extruded material from the holding chamber, a conduit for directing extruded material from the holding chamber to each die chamber for selectively filling each die chamber with extruded feed material and a monitor for filling of each die chamber of said plurality of die chambers with extruded feed material. The conduit is responsive to the monitor so that extruded material can be directed from a filled die to chamber to an empty die chamber for subsequent filling, thereby permitting continuous extrusion.

Abstract: A hollow die (5) for extruding elongate hollow articles has a thick cylindrical body (15), whose cavity (23) extends in the axial direction of the die. This cavity receives and holds a core (7), a female member (21) and other necessary parts in alignment with each other in the axial direction. The hollow die is thus of such a high rigidity that higher extrusion rates will not cause any intolerable distortion or the like deformation in the die, thereby enhancing the productivity and the dimensional precision of the extrudates. The hollow die is particularly adapted for use with the continuous extrusion forming apparatuses.

Abstract: An apparatus has first propellers (20) and second propellers (21) alternating with the first propellers. Each propeller has one or more helical biting edges (24a) protruding into a guide passage (28) through which a raw material (W) advances. The biting edges are formed along an inner periphery of each propeller at a predetermined lead angle so as to bite an outer periphery of the raw material (W). The apparatus further has a drive mechanism for rotating the first propellers (20) in a direction opposite to that in which the second propellers (21) are driven. The helical biting edges (24a) are inclined such that the raw material (W) may be forced towards a pressure vessel (2) by all the propellers, notwithstanding the opposite directions in which the first and second propellers ape driven, so that a strong thrust is applied to the raw material, without causing any torsion of the material which is being forced towards the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A core body (60) is disposed in a feed passage (40) in rear of an extrusion die (5), with the passage being provided to transport an extrusile material. One or more annular passageways (63) are formed between the outer periphery of the core body and the inner periphery of the feed passage, so that helical edges (50a, 55a) protrude into the annular passageways. As the helical edges (50a, 55a) are driven to rotate, a strong thrust is applied to the extrusile material (M) within the feed passage (40) towards the extrusion die (5), so that the extrusion pressure is raised to improve the extrudability of various raw materials.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously extruding shaped articles includes providing a frictional extrusion source for extruding a feed material, a chamber for holding frictionally extruded material received from the extrusion source, a plurality of die chambers, each of the die chambers receiving extruded material from the holding chamber, means for directing extruded material from the holding chamber to each die chamber for selectively filling each die chamber with extruded feed material and means for monitoring filling of each die chamber of said plurality of die chambers with extruded feed material. The directing means is responsive to the monitoring means so that extruded material can be directed from a filled die to chamber to an empty die chamber for subsequent filling, thereby permitting continuous extrusion.

Abstract: Twin metal billets are fed to dual circumferential grooves formed in a rotating wheel. The billets are advanced first to a wedge-shaped gap which deforms the billets and are then advanced to a die. The die has a die opening with a circumferentially discontinuous, annular cross-section. The metal from each billet merges in the die opening and exits therefrom in the form of a slit tube. The tube is then opened and flattened to form a flat strip by advancing the slit tube over a forming member having a progressively increasing width.

Abstract: A two wheel type continuous extrusion apparatus has two rotary wheels having grooves receiving covering material rods, a fixed shoe block arranged therebetween and an abutement receiving a core metal wire. Covering material inlet apertures are provided for communicating passage-ways receiving the covering material rods to a covering chamber for extruding the covering material on the core metal wire to manufacture a composite metal wire. The covering material inlet apertures are inclined relative to a line connecting rotary axes of the rotary wheels such that the covering chamber is positioned on the side of supplying of the covering material rods relative to the connecting line. Consequently, a constraining force for constraining a shoe block becomes small.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuously extruding powdered, comminuted, or particulated feed material which includes a Conform extrusion machine or the like in cooperation with a forming wheel rotatably disposed within a portion of the Conform wheel to compress the feed material into a compacted feedstock. Compressing the feed material into a compacted feedstock enables uniform and reliable conveyance of the feed material into the extrusion machine. An auxiliary shoe member conforming to the outer periphery of the forming wheel and to the Conform shoe is included to separate the compacted feedstock from the forming wheel. The auxiliary shoe directs the compacted feedstock into a passageway formed by the Conform machine extrusion wheel and extrusion shoe. As the respective wheels are rotated the forces on the compacted feedstock heat it and cause it to yield and flow through an extrusion chamber adjacent the Conform machine abutment; it is then extruded from a die in the wall of the chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuously extruding material includes a moving member and a stationary member forming a passageway therebetween for frictional feeding of the material to be extruded under pressure into the passageway. An abutment in the passageway forms a barrier to the material being fed therein, whereby the forces on the material heat it and cause it to yield. The heated material flows into an extrusion chamber adjacent to the abutment and is extruded from a die in a wall of the chamber. A cooling system in heat exchanging relationship with the chamber in proximity to the die maintains the material in that region of the chamber at a substantially uniform temperature to provide uniformity of grain size in the extruded product. A further cooling system at the point of egress cools the extruded product immediately as it exits from the die to inhibit secondary recrystallization.