Abstract: An improved hemming die fixture, used in conjunction with a sheet metal press, is disclosed. The fixture is attachable to the ram, or ram assembly, of a metal press and carries with it a hemming die. The fixture is automatically displacable between working and standby positions. When not in use, the hemming die fixture is placed in a standby position wherein it is placed parallel to the ram of the press, and away from a primary die on the bottom of the ram. When required, the fixture may be actuated to place a hemming die parallel to, and below, the primary die located along the bottom of the ram. The hemming die then coacts with the work table, or second flat hemming die, of the press to form a hem along a longitudinal edge of a piece of sheet metal in a plane other than the plane in which a full bend is first formed along the edge of the sheet metal.

Abstract: An automatic tube bending machine, in which, an electric motor is adapted to drive a speed reduction multiple-pulley system which in turn powers a synchronous intermittent feeding device to feed tube pieces piece by piece into a moulding seat from a storage rack, the same pulley system also actuates a flywheel, and this flywheel drives a gear system that then spins a crank shaft having two symmetrical crank arms, which in turn move two face to face arranged splines, then this two splines drive their respective gears engaged therewith, and these gears in turn actuate two L-shaped outward bending moulds to rotate; at the other end of the same crank shaft, it is provided with a bevel gear; engaged with another bevel gear system so to drive another crank shaft, in such a manner, these two crank shafts rotate synchronously in opposite directions; in the meanwhile the latter crank shaft drives a sliding seat, on which is provided with an inward bending mould, located in the opposite side of the two L-shaped opposit

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a diamond coil for a rotating electric machine comprises bending a straight conductor in a first plane at eight points so as to produce coil leads, coil ends, and coil straight portions. The conductor is next twisted about its longitudinal axis so as to bend the coil ends out of the first plane. The conductor is then bent in two in a second plane, which is perpendicular to the first plane and which includes the longitudinal axis of the conductor, until the two leads of the conductor point in approximately the same direction.

Abstract: A bending device for use in an automatic pipe bender comprises a chuck unit for gripping a straight pipe, a bending unit, and a movable unit. The movable unit can move forward and backward longitudinally of the pipe placed in position. A rotary member is mounted to the movable unit so as to be rotatable within a range of 360.degree. in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the pipe. The bending unit is mounted to the rotary member so that the bending unit rotates with the rotary member.

Abstract: In order to form materials (18) in a cold state automatically and reproduceably a bending machine (10) is proposed, comprising at least two bending carriages (14, 16), which interact with the material so that one of the bending carriages (14 or 16) constantly holds the material (18) immoveable when the other bending carriage (16 or 14) is bending the material (12) or is being moved along it.

Abstract: In a wire and band processing machine, a drive system is positioned on one side of a processing plate and a fastening arrangement is provided for mounting processing units on the other side of the processing plate. The processing units are connected to the drive system through holes in the processing plate. The drive system includes at least one worm shaft extending parallel to the processing plate and a worm gear can be releasably positioned in meshed engagement with the worm shaft. The axis of the worm gear extends perpendicularly to the processing plate and to the worm shaft.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for automatically bending tubular materials. The apparatus comprises a bending direction setter which is operative to securely grip a length of tubular material approximately centrally along the length of material. The bending direction setter is operative to rotate the tubular material about its original axis a preselected and carefully controlled amount. The bending apparatus further comprises a pair of automatic benders which are operative to engage the tubing at selected locations on opposed sides of the bending direction setter. The benders are operative to selectively engage the tubing material at a predetermined location therealong and to effect a controlled bend therein. The bending direction setter may rotate the tubular material about its original axis between successive bends carried out by the benders, thereby enabling the tubular material to be bent through three dimensions.

Abstract: An armature coil forming machine is disclosed as including a feeding mechanism for a stock rod, a cutting mechanism and a die forming mechanism with the cutting mechanism cutting the rod in a measured length and then the die mechanism forming the rod into an armature coil; the forming operation is accomplished in three steps, i.e., an initial V-shaped form, a second step where the ends of the V-shaped form are bent parallel to each other, a final step where the apex of the V-shaped form is deformed and wherein all three steps are completed with a single stroke of the die mechanism.

Abstract: A combination tab lifting and crimping tool for lifting and crimping tabs which have been bent over a flange consisting of a casing having a pair of openings at opposite ends thereof and an elongated tool channel therein communicating with the openings. An elongated tool member is slidably mounted the tool channel and has a tab lifting finger proximate a tab lifting end of the casing and a tab crimping face proximate a tab crimping end of same. A flange gripping finger is affixed to the tab crimping end of the casing. A trigger is pivotally mounted in the casing and has a tool engaging end in the interior of the casing coupled to the elongated tool intermediate the tab lifting finger and the tab crimping face.

Abstract: A helical baffle for shell and tube type heat exchangers is fabricated by stamp forming a plate in the form of a partial circular section into a helical section between opposed, mating helically-shaped faces of two forming dies. The plate contains a series of apertures in the form of a pattern for receiving heat exchanger tubes. The dies contain sleeves and opposed reaming rods which form lips on the apertures during stamping of the plate. Lips can also be formed on the outer edge of the plate and the edge of a central passage during stamping. The lips prevent the helical plate from twisting or returning to a flat configuration. The leading and trailing edge of the helical plates are then joined such as by riveting or welding into a continuous helical baffle with sets of heat exchanger tube apertures aligned along a common axis.

Abstract: A stamping and bending tool assembly is described for automatically making bent parts of wire or strip or like raw materials. The tool assembly comprises a plurality of bending carriages which are grouped around a circular tool carrier table with central work station and secured to the housing frame and are controlled by respective cams driven by a respective drive pinion engaged in a central ring gear. The central work station is preceded by at least one cutting tool working in timed sequence with the bending carriages and possibly by at least one take-in apparatus for raw material.

Abstract: A machine for bending elongate material, more particularly tubular members such as brake lines, fuel lines or the like, includes a central clamping device for the elongate material. Bending heads are located on opposite sides of the clamping device, in opposite directions along the axis of the unbent elongate material. Each of the bending heads has a bending die and a counterpressure die that can be swivelled around the axis of the bending die. The bending heads can be moved independently of one another along the axis of the elongate material and can be swivelled around the axis of the elongate material so as to rotate the respective bending planes formed by the respective bending dies and counterpressure dies.

Abstract: The subject contact adjusting apparatus functions to precisely adjust the spacing between the two parallel arms of F-shaped contacts. The contacts are placed in a cutout in the top surface of a platen with the base of the contacts resting against a contact positioning guide that protrudes from the top surface of the platen, where the two parallel arms of the contacts face upward. A movable contact retention head is then lowered into place to hold the contacts in alignment. The contact adjustment head is activated, pliers fashion, to adjust the spacing between the two parallel arms of the contacts.

Abstract: A spacer frame for insulating glass has corners in which the radii of curvature of the inner wall and the outer wall each are of a larger radius than the side portions of the hollow shaped bar portion. The spacer frame may be manufactured in an apparatus provided for that purpose, having two displaceable bending heads, by first simultaneously bending a hollow shaped bar portion twice through 90.degree., and then further bending it twice through 90.degree. between the corners, wherein, before the operation of bending the corners, the inner wall of the hollow shaped bar portion is curved inwardly and two notches are produced in the outer wall.

Abstract: A press forming process is composed of a step of removing wrinkles of the surface of a curved elongate flat sheet metal workpiece which has been prepared by a so-called edge bending process. The wrinkle removing step is carried out prior to a U-shape bending step in which the workpiece is bent to have a U-shaped cross-section in order to obtain an curved elongate channel-shaped article, thereby improving the quality of the resulting article while preventing press dies from being damaged.

Abstract: A tool having two elongate members journaled at a central point. Each of the elongate members has certain plugs and flanges which can be brought to bear upon the horseshoe positioned within the tool, such that the shape of the horseshoe can be modified in the way typically needed by a farrier in shaping a horseshoe to fit precisely the hoof of the horse to be shod.

Abstract: A device for forming orthodontic arches from straight wire blanks comprises a die having a cylindrical surface with multiple wire-receiving grooves situated in planes perpendicular to the die axis. A clamp temporarily applies a clamping force to the wire blank, thereby firmly holding a portion of the wire blank in the groove of the die. The bender has two sweep arms, each pivoted on the die axis. A slide is provided on each of the sweep arms, and is constrained for movement toward and away from the die axis. Each slide carries a circular cylindrical roller mounted in bearings on the slide, for rotation about a roller axis parallel to the die axis. An adjustable toggle mechanism on each arm temporarily locks its roller in a position such that the outer roller surface presses the wire blank into one of the wire-receiving grooves before the arm begins to sweep about the die axis, and throughout the sweeping movement of the arm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machine for folding sheet metal blanks. For folding a sheet metal blank, there is provided at least one folding member having a folding surface and being driven by an eccenter to perform a reciprocating beat movement. The sheet metal blank is drawn into the gap between the folding member and a stationary anvil for folding. The folding member is pivotally mounted in a holder for ease of operation and to obtain a neat folding. So the folding member is adapted to adjust to the instantaneous resistance of deformation of the sheet metal blank. If a sheet metal blank is to be folded twice, a corresponding second folding member, which is also pivotally mounted in a holder, is disposed downstream of the first folding member.

Abstract: A hand seaming tool for use during original installation or re-roofing of roof panels of a building. A pair of main body elements, a pair of interconnected intermediate body elements, handle structure, limit structure, and an anvil head and forming bar all cooperate to permit an operator and user of the device to perform double seaming of the edge flanges of adjacent roof panels. Preferably, such operation occurs during initial starting of the double seaming and/or the final completion of such double seaming operation. A motorized roof seamer is normally used for the intermediate portion between the beginning and ending double seamed areas.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided which forms flanges on sheet metal for ventilation duct walling. The apparatus comprises a die support which contains a pressure die, a beam punch carrier mounted in low-friction manner on the die support, and a forming roller pivotally housed in a recess of the die support. Hydraulic drives are supported, each between the die support on the one hand and the beam punch carrier or the forming roller on the other hand, and these produce the movements necessary for edge folding and roll forming. The forces which arise are taken up directly at their point of origin by the mutually moving parts themselves.

Abstract: This machine includes a feed device (13) through which a metal element (1) to be curved is advanced with a stepped feeding movement. A bending device is situated downstream and in the vicinity of the feed-device outlet. The bending device can be rotated about a first axis perpendicular to the feed direction and about a second axis parallel to the feed direction, and can also be reciprocated parallel to the first axis. Preferably the bending means thus rotate about the metal element (1), which is secured against rotation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for producing and removing shaped wire material pieces wherein said device comprises a frame which is supplied with bars, said bars being supplied to measuring, cutting and shaping means mounted on the frame, which latter rests on the ground by way of supporting legs defining a space under the frame to allow the passage of a moving tray on which the pieces are unloaded for removal after shaping.

Abstract: A press brake adapted to apply bending on metal blanks in the form of a sheet or plate includes a plurality of die assemblies located on a die holder at intervals of a predetermined distance in the direction perpendicular to the logitudinal direction of a bed of the press brake. The die holder is mounted on the bed movably in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bed. Each of the die assemblies is provided with an upper die and a lower die which are associated with each other and movable vertically towards and away from each other. The press brake further includes a pair of front and inside stoppers located on the front side and the inner side of the press brake body, respectively, so as to be movable freely towards and away from each other and pass through a space between the upper and lower dies.

Abstract: Bending presses equipped with the tool arrangement permit sheet blanks or metal plating to be bent in series in accordance with predetermined programs without having to perform time consuming tool exchange operations after each single operative or working step. The tool arrangement comprises a first tool and a second two-piece auxiliary tool. Both parts of the auxiliary second tool are subdivided into segments as is the case also for the first tool and the tool holding fixture or support and are supported at a hydraulic cushion. The segmental matching design of the tool holding fixture, the first tool, the auxiliary second tool and the bottom dies additionally enables the two types of tools and their associated bottom dies to be simultaneously controllably directed into a respective operative position over part of the length of the bending press.

Abstract: In an automatic bending machine, a box-like housing is provided in which a central driving wheel is mounted for reciprocating a plurality of slide units fastened at the front wall of the housing. The front wall is a front plate which together with the slide units can be easily removed from the housing and replaced by another one the slide units of which having been set up before at another place. A plurality of interchangeable front plates can be set up with slide units and tools. Each of the front plates is provided for a work piece of predetermined form. The front plates not in use can easily be stored for a replated use.

Abstract: A beaded edge is formed on a plate member, which has an upstanding outer edge bent with a predetermined radius of curvature, by placing the plate member on a lower die and applying a uniform force against the free edge of the upturned portion at an approximately 45.degree. angle to turn the outer portion inwardly to form an angle of about 45.degree. with the plate member, and then pressing the free edge downward into contact with the plate member while maintaining a substantially constant curvature of the bend region to produce a beaded edge.

Abstract: A method is provided of forming a circular chuted axially extending mixer from an originally circular scalloped, radially extending ring blank. The method utilizes a common mechanical press with male and female die portions. The female portion is pressed down over the blank against the male portion to form a convolution in the blank, with progressively increasing height. Successive convolutions are formed which tends to gather together the radially outer portion of the blank thereby straightening its originally circular shape. Repeating this process forms a relatively straight band having convolutions forming chutes therebetween. Individual chuted bands can be joined together to form a single circular chuted axially extending mixer.

Abstract: Fixturing for repair of automobile radiators is disclosed, usable for recoring of either brass or plastic tank radiators, including clamping gates providing parallel rails adjustably spaced to receive the radiator header with an air cylinder exerting clamping pressure on the tank top. The radiator sits atop the rails of a first set of clamping gates when resoldering conventional tanks and is recessed between the rails of a second set of clamping gates which are alternatively installed for decrimping and crimping of the header tabs of plastic tank radiators. Decrimping and crimping hand tools of special configuration are also disclosed, cooperating with the rails during use.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing, handling and installing hose clamps pursuant to which the clamp structures are stamped out as flat blanks, are shipped as flat blanks to the user where they are preformed into an ideal shape for assembly about the object to be fastened by bending the free ends of the clamp in mutually opposite directions.

Abstract: A novel component lead bending and crimping tool comprises a generally triangularly-shaped handle with recessed sides forming grooved raised edges providing plural component positions for forming right-angle bends in its leads. A crimping apparatus is mounted at the wide end of the tool for forming crimps in the wire leads at desired locations. Various slots and holes are provided in the handle and in the crimping apparatus walls to accommodate the wire leads during various wire bending and crimping procedures.

Abstract: A forming machine to form a sheet of metal to an "S" bend having clamps to clamp the sheet metal, one of the clamps having an anvil about which the sheet metal is folded by a rotatable forming bar to form a first channel and partially form a second channel in the sheet metal after which the rotatable bar is moved clear and a nose on a further former further folds the second channel facing in the opposite direction to the first channel.

Abstract: Apparatus for cutting, swivel-bending and press-bending of sheet material includes a frame having a cross-beam, a member providing a bearing surface, and a clamping beam, the cross-beam having a snaker and the clamping beam having a bending die for press-bending. The frame supports the cross-beam and the clamping beam for movement relative to one another whereby the snaker and die may engage the sheet material to effect press-bending. The frame further supports the clamping beam and bearing surface for movement relative to one another to clamp the sheet material to effect cutting or swivel-bending thereof. A swivel beam and shearing beam are supported by the frame for movement relative to the clamped sheet material independently of movement of the clamping beam.

Abstract: A chain link tool including a pair of jaws on one side of the tool adapted to close the respective eyes of a cross chain connecting link, said jaws moving together as the handles are moved together and conversely, and such that a groove and a projection on the other side of the tool are adapted to receive the transverse portion of the side chain and to grasp the curved end of the cross-chain connecting link respectively when the handles are apart and to disengage the cross-chain connecting link as the handles are moved together.

Abstract: Machine for effecting bends of predetermined width and direction on the edges of a substantially-rectangular sheet of metal, comprises a combination of: a bending press having a C-form support structure carrying a lower bending counterblade, an upper, vertically displaceable blank-holder counterblade, and a pair of vertically displaceable bending blades having respective active parts lying in a common vertical plane substantially coplanar with a rear face of the blank holder counterblade; an iron hand including a vice supported on a carriage movable horizontally, perpendicular to the common vertical plane of the active portions of the bending blades, the lower jaw of the vice being rotatable about a vertical axis and the upper jaw being idle about a vertical axis and displaceable vertically to grasp a sheet to be bent between the jaws; and a positioning programmer, whereby, in use, a sheet of metal gripped by the vice is displaced by a value predetermined by the programmer into a position in which a first sid

Abstract: A material working machine includes a plurality of workplates each capable of supporting one or more working units. The working units can be swung or rotated about an axis extending perpendicularly to the surface of the workplate. Each working unit mounts a tool carrier displaceable in a rectilinear manner into the path of a material across the workplates. At least two of the workplates extend angularly relative to one another and the angular position can be adjusted. One or two of the workplates form a slot adjacent the path of the material being worked and the tool carrier on a working unit mounted on a workplate not forming the slot is positioned to extend through the slot for effecting an operation on the material being worked.

Abstract: A corrugated metal sheet is incrementally bent perpendicularly with respect to its corrugations, by repeatedly transversely indenting upwardly the bottoms of the corrugation valleys so that the indentations extend in lines transversely across the sheet and extend into the corrugation sides which interconnect the valleys and ridges of the sheet. Each line of indentation causes the sheet to bend to some degree without detrimental stretching or drawing of the sheet.

Abstract: A novel punch and die assembly is disclosed wherein an intermediate punch-and-die member having an aperture defined therein floats between a punch member and a die member. Upon activation, the pucnh-and-die member remains stationary while the punch member deforms a workpiece portion into the aperture. As the deforming operation effected by the punch member is completed, the punch member seats on the punch-and-die member to clamp the workpiece therebetween, after which the biasing of the punch-and-die member into its stationary position is overcome and the punch member, punch-and-die member and workpiece move in unison towards the die member to complete the forming process.

Abstract: A process and jig for field bending relatively large diameter plastic pipe, the jig being to guide the pipe at the point of tangency adjacent the bend after the pipe is heated and bent to form a smooth curvature to the desired radius and degree of bend as determined by the jig. The jig includes a two-piece spreader tube and a right and left hand guide, each adjustable in width, angle and spacing. The guides are U-shape and extend beneath the spreader tube so that the pipe may be placed on a flat horizontal surface. Each guide is provided with a protractor, one of which includes an offset scale so that offsets or curves with generally parallel tangents may be formed. The spreader tube includes a scale to ascertain the chord in terms of the radius for given degrees of bend.

Abstract: A machine to work sheet material such as aluminium sheets or cardboard. Said machine comprises altogether a folding tool, a cutting tool, a punching tool and a single gearing down lever actuating these three tools simultaneously.

Abstract: In each cycle of a sequence of repetitive cycles a longitudinal section of an elongated, continuous piece of material spaced from the free end of the piece is draped about an arcuate face of a mandrel by a bending tool moving about the axis of curvature of the mandrel face, and the free end of the piece is thereby engaged with the arcuate face of another mandrel and secured to the other mandrel, whereupon the section draped over the first mandrel is cut. The central portion of the blank severed thereby from the continuous piece is draped over the second mandrel bent into a ring, the curvature of the leading and trailing blank portion, being due to previous draping over the first mandrel.

Abstract: A railway rail-fastening clip is made by bending a resilient rod at least 0.8 centimeter thick in a first bending operation to give it first to fifth portions in direct succession, proceeding from one end to the other, the first portion being a substantially straight leg, the second a reverse bend, the third being beside the first and the whole being such that in a particular position, with the first portion horizontal, in a plan view the third and fifth portions appear to be in opposite sides of the axis of the first portion. The whole of that part of the fifth portion which is between the lowest point in the fifth portion, when the bent rod is in said position, and the adjacent end of the rod is pressed in a second bending operation by a first shaping tool against a second shaping tool to make said end upturned.

Abstract: A three-point, air-bending sheet metal bender comprising a pair of elongated U-shaped finger dies mounted parallel to one another is disclosed. The elongated finger dies are mirror images of one another (when appropriately aligned) and, prior to bending, are spaced from each other by an amount generally equal to the thickness of the sheet of metal to be bent. The elongated finger dies are laterally position adjustable such that the "finger" of one die is alignable with the "palm" of the other die and vice versa; i.e., the finger of each die is alignable with the palm of the other die. During bending, the "finger" die remains fixed and the "palm" die rotates. As the palm die rotates, sheet metal located between the two dies is bent. The direction of bending, with respect to the plane of the sheet of metal prior to bending, is determined by the die that is chosen to rotate.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming a multiple throw crankshaft from metal rod in a single forming operation. The ends of the rod are held in axially movable units through which electrical resistance heating to a deformation temperature may be effected. A forming head for each throw is clamped about the rod at a precise location therealong. The forming heads are mounted on individual carriages, which are axially movable along the machine base, and each supports a subcarriage for horizontal transverse movement on the carriage driven by a horizontal cylinder. Each subcarriage supports one of the forming heads plus a vertical cylinder for moving the head transversely up or down. Control means is capable of simultaneously actuating the horizontal and vertical cylinders associated with any individual forming unit to thus achieve composite deforming movement of the forming head in any desired transverse angular direction.

Abstract: A method of making a resilient double C-shaped clip for securing a rail on a support, wherein in advance of the heat treatment the ends adapted to cooperate with the support and with the foot of the rail are bent towards one another in the direction of the fastening force to such an extend that they are offset with respect with one another over a certain distance in relation to their position when the ready clip is free of load and wherein after the heat treatment the clip is subjected to a series of permanent deformations, each effected by imposing a permanent deformation force on one end of the clip while the other end is held in fixed position, such that upon a continued deformation there would be no increase or only a very small increase of the load, and the clip being relieved of load after each deformation.

Abstract: A low cost, lightweight, helically preformed line tie is disclosed which is configured for yieldably securing an elongated conductor or the like to various standard sizes of conventional, grooved insulative supports without the need for specialized ties by provision of a unitary, substantially shape-retaining resilient metallic wire tie which includes a central, generally U-shaped, line-receiving bight and a pair of legs extending therefrom which have intermediate sections adjacent the bight and helically formed line-gripping terminal sections; in preferred forms, the intermediate sections include a pair of interconnected, generally straight segments disposed at an angle relative to each other, and the intermediate sections are wrapped under tension about the support body with the helical leg sections secured about the line for yieldably securing the latter to the support without creation of localized, rigidly held stress areas at the line support points which can lead to premature line failure by virtue of b

Abstract: A tubular sleeve for use in a headlight assembly and the like and the method of manufacturing it. A strip blank is punched out of metal sheets or coiled strips. The blank has a straight edge along the lengths thereof and an arcuate edge opposite to the straight edge symmetrical relative to a plane passing through the center of the strip blank transversely thereof. The blank has opposite ends having straight edges substantially parallel to the plane. The strip is bent or rolled into a tubular split-sleeve configuration and then a marginal edge portion along the arcuate edge is flared outwardly with a varying taper. The flare is then further bent to form a flange normal to the sides of the body of the split-sleeve. A ring is formed on the flange extending generally toward the straight edge by offsetting a marginal edge portion of the flange. The edges of the split-sleeve along the split are joined to form a closed tubular sleeve.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming pipe from sheet metal, comprises a preforming die having laterally spaced substantially parallel walls and an interior surface spaced inwardly from an edge of the wall and located between the walls in which are mounted a pair of transversely spaced curved segments shaped to receive the outside surface of the sheet when it is formed into a pipe. Piston and cylinder combinations carry each segment so that they may be moved outwardly or inwardly for regulating the degree of bending of the sheet therebetween. A drawing punch includes a curved forming punch surface with a holding down element at each end which are constructed so as to be movable into and out of the space between the parallel walls. The apparatus also includes a finishing tool which comprises a receiving die shaped to the outer diameter of the pipe to be formed.

Abstract: Apparatus for assembling a frame fabricated from magnetically attractable material forming a strip member, the apparatus comprising a base member, a first pair of arms pivotally mounted on the base member, and a second pair of arms pivotally mounted for movement along the base member. The first pair of arms include magnets for holding the center portions of the strip for movement therewith to form a first corner of the frame. After the first corner is formed, the second pair of arms pivot to move the outer portions of the strip toward each other to enclose the frame structure. Preferably, one of the second pair of arms moves before the other arm so that one end of the strip is engaged in the opposite end of the strip to secure the final corner. Additionally, one of the second pair of arms is provided with a magnet to position a magnetically attractable catch member relative to the frame for movement therewith.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for automatically straightening elongated and at least partly rotationally symmetrical workpieces by applying a sequence of straightening strokes to a workpiece at each of a plurality of straightening stations to counteract a deformation until the measured instantaneous values of the deformation fall within a predetermined deformation tolerance. The depth of the straightening strokes is determined by the difference between the measured instantaneous values of the deformation and the mean of the maximum and minimum values of the deformation.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for automatically straightening elongated and at least partly rotationally symmetrical workpieces by applying a sequence of straightening strokes to a workpiece at one straightening station to counteract a deformation until the measured instantaneous values of the deformation fall within a predetermined deformation tolerance. The depth of the straightening strokes is determined by the difference between the measured instantaneous values of the deformation and the mean of the maximum and minimum values of the deformation.