Abstract: A method and system for monitoring an exhaust gas sensor coupled in an engine exhaust is provided. In one example, the method determines an estimate of an exhaust gas oxygen sensor time constant according to a correlation between a rate of change of a Lambda value and a system time constant.

Abstract: A device and method for field in-situ multi-plot synchronous monitoring of greenhouse gas fluxes, wherein a transparent plexiglass chamber is fixed to a stainless steel base, and the plexiglass chamber is provided with two movable square plexiglass plates; the square plexiglass plates are connected to the plexiglass chamber through push rods, and the push rods are configured to close or open the square plexiglass plates, so to seal or communicate the plexiglass chamber; sampling tubes are arranged on side walls of the plexiglass chamber; one ends of sampling pumps are connected to the sampling tubes; one end of each sucking pump is connected to each sampling tube through a solenoid valve, and the other end of each sucking pump is connected to a gas analyzer through a switch; and the gas analyzer is connected to a computer host, configured to measure concentration data of gas in the sampling tubes.

Abstract: An outlet assembly for an aftertreatment system comprises an outlet conduit configured to receive an exhaust gas from the aftertreatment system. The outlet conduit defines a first aperture through a sidewall thereof. An outlet passage is disposed within the outlet conduit. The outlet passage comprises a first end facing an upstream side of the outlet conduit and a second end located downstream from the first end. The second end is fluidly coupled to the first aperture. A hole is defined through an outlet passage sidewall at a radial location that is proximate to the sidewall of the outlet conduit. The hole is configured to allow a sensor to be inserted therethrough into a flow path defined by the outlet passage. The outlet passage is configured to receive a portion of the exhaust gas from the outlet conduit such that the sensor is exposed to the portion of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A method detects a fault, in particular coking, in the intake tract of an internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection, a throttle valve, and a variable intake valve lift controller.

Abstract: A control device (100) can communicate with a first sensor (300) for detecting an object around a first vehicle and is equipped on the first vehicle (500). The control device (100) includes a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit, a detection unit, and a determination unit. The first acquisition unit acquires a sensing result being a result of detecting an object around the first vehicle (500) from the first sensor (300) equipped on the first vehicle (500). The second acquisition unit acquires positional information of a specified object being an object for performance measurement of the first sensor (300). The detection unit detects the specified object existing within a reference distance from the first vehicle (500), by use of positional information of the first vehicle (500) and positional information of the specified object. The determination unit determines performance of the first sensor (300), based on the sensing result of the specified object by the first sensor (300).

Abstract: A reactor system for thermally treating a hydrocarbon-containing stream, that includes a pressure containment vessel comprising an interior chamber defined by a first end, a second end, and at least one side wall extending from the first end to the second end; and a ceramic heat transfer medium that converts electrical current to heat and is positioned within the interior chamber of the pressure containment vessel, wherein the heat transfer medium comprises an electrical resistor, an electrical lead line configured to provide electrical current to the heat transfer medium, a first end face, a second end face, and channels extending between the first end face and the second end face.

Abstract: To provide a sensor control device capable of identifying a short circuit terminal with a simple configuration and whose identification operation is not easily affected by environmental conditions around the sensor. The sensor control device includes a short circuit detection unit that detects a short circuit of a sensor having a plurality of terminals, a resistance value control unit that increases a resistance value of an element between the terminals when the short circuit of the sensor is detected by the short circuit detection unit, and a short circuit terminal identification unit that identifies at which of the plurality of terminals a short circuit occurs when the resistance value control unit increases the resistance value of the element between the terminals to a set value or greater.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a sensor element, an inner protective cover having inside a sensor element chamber and having an element chamber inlet and an element chamber outlet, and an outer protective cover having an outer inlet and an outer outlet. On a side in a downward direction with respect to the element chamber inlet, a minimum distance between the inner protective cover and the sensor element is 2.64 mm or greater. When imaginary light parallel to an axial direction of the outer outlet is irradiated from an outside of the outer protective cover to the outer outlet, the imaginary light does not reach the sensor element chamber. A minimum flow channel width of an outlet-side gas flow channel that is formed as a space between the outer protective cover and the inner protective cover is 0.67 mm or greater and 2.60 mm or less.

Abstract: A gas sensor control apparatus (300) including a control section (61) which executes a first receiving process (STEP 1) for receiving a first detection result output from a mixed-potential-type ammonia detection section (42) for detecting ammonia contained in a gas under measurement and corresponding to the concentration of ammonia, a second receiving process (STEP 1) for receiving a second detection result output from an oxygen detection section (2) for detecting oxygen contained in the gas under measurement and corresponding to the concentration of oxygen, a first concentration calculation process (STEP 3) for calculating a first ammonia concentration of the gas under measurement based on the first detection result and the second detection result, and a pressure correction process (STEP 6) for correcting the first ammonia concentration based on pressure information obtained from an external device (220), thereby obtaining a second ammonia concentration of the gas under measurement.

Abstract: An ultrasonic sensor includes an ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device, an elastic holding member elastically supporting the ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving device, and a sensor case housing and holding the elastic holding member. A case cylindrical portion of the sensor case includes an engagement protrusion provided to protrude inward in a radial direction. The elastic holding member includes a support bottom portion in contact with a transmitting-and-receiving-device bottom, an engagement recess provided to be recessed inward in the radial direction and thus house the engagement protrusion, and a leading projection provided at a position corresponding to the engagement recess with respect to a peripheral direction surrounding a central axis line, and provided to protrude from the support bottom portion toward the base-end side in the axial direction. The support bottom portion is formed as a thick portion. The engagement recess is provided in the support bottom portion.

Abstract: A sensor control apparatus supplies a constant current to an oxygen concentration detection cell when it judges that oxygen concentration is greater than 15% (the concentration of oxygen contained in a measurement chamber is high). The sensor control apparatus detects a first difference voltage generated in the oxygen concentration detection cell as a result of the flow of the constant current to the oxygen concentration detection cell after a predetermined first detection time following the supply of the constant current. The sensor control apparatus detects a second difference voltage generated in the oxygen concentration detection cell as a result of the flow of the constant current to the oxygen concentration detection cell after a second detection time, which is previously set to be longer than the first detection time, following the supply of the constant current.

Abstract: A method for the combined controlled regulation of fuel gas-oxygen carriers of a gas operated energy converter plant (15), in particular of a fuel cell plant, is provided in which the mass or volume through flow of the fuel gas (1) and/or of the oxygen carrier (2) is detected in order to regulate the mixing ratio (r) of fuel gas to oxygen carrier. In the method at least two physical parameters of the fuel gas are additionally determined using a micro thermal sensor (3.1, 3.2), for example, the mass flow and/or volume through flow of the fuel gas and the thermal conductivity or thermal capacity of the fuel gas are determined and a desired value for the mixing ratio is determined from the physical parameters which depends on the fuel gas or on the composition of the fuel gas, and which desired value is used for the regulation of the mixing ratio.

Abstract: When the temperature of an NSR catalyst belongs to a specified NSR temperature range and the temperature of an SCR catalyst belongs to a specified SCR temperature range, urea water is added, and specified air-fuel ratio processing relating to an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas flowing into the NSR catalyst is executed. The specified air-fuel ratio processing includes i) a first air-fuel ratio processing to cause the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the NSR catalyst to be a first lean air-fuel ratio that causes emission of occluded NOx from the NSR catalyst and ii) a second air-fuel ratio processing to cause the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas to be a second lean air-fuel ratio leaner than the first lean air-fuel ratio. In the specified air-fuel ratio processing, the first air-fuel ratio processing and the second air-fuel ratio processing are alternately repeated.

Abstract: A control circuit for a single-cell linear oxygen sensor having a first and a second electrical terminals on which a first voltage and respectively a second voltage are present, wherein a cell current between the first and second electrical terminals is indicative of a detected oxygen concentration, and wherein the control circuit generates a biasing voltage between the first and the second electrical terminals with a preset pattern as a function of the cell current. The circuit envisages: a transresistance block, coupled to the second electrical terminal to generate a processed voltage as a function of the cell current and based on the preset pattern; and an adder stage, coupled to the transresistance block and to the second electrical terminal, to perform a sum between the processed voltage and the second voltage, to generate the first voltage for the first electrical terminal of the linear oxygen sensor, so that the biasing voltage has the preset pattern as a function of the cell current.

Abstract: An applied voltage control device is used for a sensor, in which a direct current corresponding to an oxygen amount flows when a DC voltage is applied to the sensor, and an alternating current corresponding to a sensor impedance flows when an AC voltage is applied to the sensor. The applied voltage control device includes: a filtering unit that sets a cutoff frequency of the AC voltage applied to the sensor variable.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided reusing processed sensor data to identify multiple types of sensor degradation. In one example, a central peak of a distribution, such as a generalized extreme value distribution, of sensor readings is re-used to identify asymmetric sensor degradation and stuck in-range sensor degradation.

Abstract: A system for a vehicle includes an oxygen storage capacity (OSC) determination module, a delay determination module, a correction module, and a fault detection module. The OSC determination module determines an OSC period of a catalyst of an exhaust system based on first and second amounts of oxygen measured using first and second oxygen sensors located upstream and downstream of the catalyst, respectively. The delay determination module determines a delay period of the second oxygen sensor. The correction module sets a corrected OSC period for the catalyst based on a difference between the OSC period and the delay period. The fault detection module selectively indicates that a fault is present in the catalyst based on the corrected OSC period.

Abstract: An NOX sensor control apparatus (10) is connected to an NOX sensor (100) which includes a first pumping cell (110) and a second pumping cell (130) through which a second pumping current flows corresponding to an NOX concentration in a to-be-measured gas. The NOX sensor control apparatus (10) includes a first pumping current detection unit; a second pumping current detection unit; an oxygen concentration calculation unit (60) for calculating oxygen concentration on the basis of the first pumping current and corrected in accordance with the pressure of the to-be-measured gas, oxygen (first) pressure correction information set for the NOX sensor, and pressure information; and an NOX concentration calculation unit (60) for calculating NOX concentration on the basis of the first pumping current and corrected in accordance with pressure of the to-be-measured gas, NOX (second) pressure correction information set for the NOX sensor, and pressure information.

Abstract: A sensor characteristic correction device is configured to detect a characteristic of a first sensor arranged upstream of a catalyst 6 in an exhaust passage 4 of an internal combustion engine 2, and a characteristic of a second sensor that is an air-fuel sensor 12 arranged downstream of the catalyst 6, to calculate a first air-fuel ratio based on the characteristic of the first sensor, and calculates a second air-fuel ratio based on the characteristic of the second sensor, to detect, when the catalyst 6 is in an inactive state after start-up of the internal combustion engine 2, a difference between the first characteristic and the second characteristic or a difference between the first air-fuel ratio and the second air-fuel ratio, and to correct the responsiveness of the first or the second sensor in accordance with the difference.

Abstract: A system according to the principles of the present disclosure includes an error count module and a sensor diagnostic module. The error count module increases an error count when an actual air/fuel ratio is different from a desired air/fuel ratio and selectively adjusts the error count based on an actual engine speed. An oxygen sensor generates a signal indicating the actual air/fuel ratio. The sensor diagnostic module diagnoses a fault in the oxygen sensor when the error count is greater than a first predetermined count.

Abstract: A gas sensor element has a protection layer smaller in heat capacity than a conventional protection layer formed by a dipping process. A gas sensor includes the gas sensor element. The gas sensor element is manufactured by a method of manufacturing. The gas sensor element includes at least one space formed between a protection layer and an element body. The space is positioned over at least one of four vertexes of a forward end of the element body at a location at which the thickness of the protection layer is likely to become small. Therefore, it is possible to restrain breakage of the vertexes of the forward end of the element body which could otherwise result from thermal shock stemming from adhesion of water. The protection layer of the gas sensor element can be reduced in thickness and thus in heat capacity as compared with a conventional protection layer.

Abstract: A sensor apparatus includes a first electrode and a second electrode at a predefined distance from one another. The sensor apparatus includes a substrate arranged in a predefined first region of the sensor carrier such that the first electrode and the second electrode are substantially electrically decoupled from one another if the outer side of the sensor carrier is substantially free of particles. A third electrode is coupled to a solid electrolyte that is additionally coupled to the second electrode. A diffusion barrier is coupled to the third electrode in a predefined third region and the exhaust gas is applied to the third electrode only in the third region via the diffusion barrier.

Abstract: A load drive apparatus (1) includes a pulse drive circuit (51) which applies a pulse voltage PS to a resistive load (4); current detection means (S14) for detecting the current flowing to the resistive load (4) through the pulse drive circuit (51); level detection means (S1, S7) for determining whether an output terminal voltage VD of the pulse drive circuit (51) is a high potential level or a low potential level; anomaly detection means (S8, S9, S18) for detecting a wire breakage anomaly, a short-to-power anomaly, and a short-to-ground anomaly based on the level of the output terminal voltage VD detected by the level detection means (S1, S7) and the current detected by the current detection means (S14), when the pulse drive circuit 51 is turned on and off.

Abstract: Amperometric ceramic electrochemical cells comprise, in one embodiment, an electrolyte layer, a sensing electrode layer comprising a ceramic phase and a metallic phase, and a counter electrode layer, wherein the cell is operable in an oxidizing atmosphere and under an applied bias to exhibit enhanced reduction of oxygen molecules at the sensing electrode in the presence of one or more target gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOX) or NH3 and a resulting increase in oxygen ion flux through the cell. In another embodiment, amperometric ceramic electrochemical cells comprise an electrolyte layer comprising a continuous network of a first material which is ionically conducting at an operating temperature of about 200 to 550° C.; a counter electrode layer comprising a continuous network of a second material which is electrically conductive at an operating temperature of about 200 to 550° C.

Abstract: A micromechanical solid-electrolyte sensor device includes a micromechanical carrier substrate having a front side and a back side. The micromechanical solid-electrolyte sensor device also includes a first porous electrode and a second porous electrode. The micromechanical solid-electrolyte sensor device also includes a solid-electrolyte embedded between the first porous electrode and the second porous electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sensor element for detecting a specific gas component in a gas under measurement. The sensor element is plate-shaped in a longitudinal direction thereof and has a detection portion located on a front end side of the sensor element and an air introduction portion adapted as a longitudinal hole extending in the longitudinal direction to a position of the detection portion so as to introduce air thereinto. The detection portion includes a measurement electrode exposed to the gas under measurement, a reference electrode arranged in the air introduction portion and a plate-shaped solid electrolyte member held in contact with the measurement electrode and the reference electrode. The air introduction portion has a cross section with an aspect ratio of 0.0082 to 0.0800 and an area of 0.015 to 0.147 mm2 when taken perpendicular to the longitudinal direction at a position of the reference electrode.

Abstract: A system according to the principles of the present disclosure includes an error period module and a sensor diagnostic module. The error period module determines an error period based on an amount of time that a first air/fuel ratio and a desired air/fuel ratio are different. A first oxygen sensor generates a first signal indicating the first air/fuel ratio. The sensor diagnostic module diagnoses a fault in the first oxygen sensor when the error period is greater than a predetermined period.

Abstract: A sensor element that may include a contamination-resistant coating on at least a portion thereof. The coating may include gamma alumina and a high temperature binder such as magnesium titanate. A sensor element that may include a contamination-resistant coating on at least a portion thereof. The coating may include gamma alumina, a high temperature binder such as magnesium titanate, and boehmite alumina. A method of making a contamination-resistant sensor element that may include mixing gamma alumina and a high temperature binder such as magnesium titanate to form a mixture, applying the mixture to at least a portion of a sensor element, and temperature treating the mixture to form a contamination-resistant coating on the sensor element.

Abstract: An emission control system for an engine includes a catalyst and an exhaust-gas sensor provided downstream of the catalyst in a flow direction of exhaust gas. The exhaust-gas sensor includes a sensor element that includes a pair of electrodes and a solid electrolyte body located between the electrodes. The emission control system further includes a constant current supply portion that changes an output characteristic of the exhaust-gas sensor by applying a constant current between the electrodes, a rich direction control portion that performs a rich direction control after a fuelling-stop control, and a characteristic control portion that performs a rich responsiveness control during the rich direction control. In the rich direction control, an air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is made to be richer. In the rich responsiveness control, the constant current supply portion increases a detection responsiveness of the exhaust-gas sensor with respect to rich gas.

Abstract: A sensor element, which may be used as Lambda probe and/or inside a Lambda probe, for example, is provided for determining at least one physical property of a gas mixture in at least one gas chamber. The sensor element has at least one first electrode, at least one second electrode and at least one solid state electrolyte, which connects the at least one first electrode and the at least one second electrode. The at least one first electrode and the at least one second electrode are situated inside the sensor element. The at least one second electrode is connected to at least one reference gas chamber via at least one discharge air channel.

Abstract: The invention relates to A sensor end module, comprising: a sensor cap having a first connecting element and a sensorially active element for contact with a medium; and a memory module, comprising: a housing having a second connecting element, wherein the second connecting element enters into a shape- and/or force interlocking connection with the first connecting element; a memory element, wherein the memory element contains information concerning the sensorially active element the memory element is arranged in or on the housing; a first communication interface for sending and/or receiving information and/or data, and wherein the first communication interface is in electrical contact with the memory element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a sensor and a measuring system.

Abstract: A method for detecting a proportion of at least one gas species in a measurement gas space. A sensor element is used, having an oxygen reduction pumping cell for concentration of the gas species, a pumping cell connected downstream of the oxygen reduction pumping cell having pumping electrodes, and a gas-tight chamber. A pumping electrode may be exposed to gas from the measurement gas space which has been concentrated by the oxygen reduction pumping cell. A further pumping electrode is disposed in the gas-tight chamber. At least one measuring electrode is further disposed in the gas-tight chamber. The oxygen reduction pumping cell and the pumping cell are galvanically isolated. The method includes an initialization phase, and an accumulation phase.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a variation abnormality in an air-fuel ratio between cylinders according to the present invention is configured to calculate a value representing a change in an air-fuel ratio based on an output of an air-fuel ratio sensor that is provided in an exhaust passage in a predetermined operating state in which fuel is injected from a fuel injection valve, perform, to the calculated value, sensitivity correction in accordance with a sensitivity of the sensor based on the output of the sensor during fuel-cut operation and outside atmospheric pressure correction based on outside atmospheric pressure, and determine the presence or absence of a variation abnormality in an air-fuel ratio between cylinders by comparing the corrected value with a predetermined value.

Abstract: A sensor element for determining at least one physical property of a gas in a measuring gas chamber, particularly for determining an oxygen concentration in an exhaust gas. The sensor element includes at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode, and at least one solid electrolyte connecting the first electrode and the second electrode. The second electrode is situated on the inside of the sensor element and is able to have gas from the measuring gas chamber applied to it via at least one gas access hole and at least one diffusion barrier. At least partially gas-impermeable cover layer is provided on the diffusion barrier, at least from area to area. The gas access hole has at least one chamfer in the vicinity of the cover layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas-monitoring assembly (100) and method for selectively determining the presence of a target gas in a gaseous environment that potentially comprises one or more interfering gases. Such gas-monitoring assembly and method specifically employ one or more gas sensors (S1) one or more getters (G1) arranged and constructed to reduce cross-interference caused by potential presence of the interfering gases in such gaseous environment to be monitored. The gas-monitoring assembly and method of the present invention are capable of monitoring a gaseous environment with respect to potential presence of multiple target gases that may interfere with one another.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a housing having disposed therein a membrane electrode assembly comprising a sensing electrode, a counter electrode, and a polymer membrane disposed between the sensing electrode and the counter electrode. The polymer membrane comprises an ionic liquid retained therein. The sensor also includes a catalyst support that can be stable in a range of potentials to allow for detection mode and catalyst regeneration mode to be operative. The sensor further includes a circuitry and algorithm to implement the catalyst regeneration mechanism electrochemically. The sensor further includes a chamber for reference gas to which the counter electrode is exposed, and a chamber for test gas to which a gas to be tested is exposed. The sensor also includes a pathway for test gas to enter the chamber and a measured electrical circuit connecting the sensing electrode and the counter electrode.

Abstract: A detecting apparatus that detects an abnormality of imbalance of air-fuel ratios among cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, which is equipped with a variable working angle mechanism of an intake valve, the detecting apparatus includes an abnormality detection portion that detects a parameter regarding rotational fluctuations of each of the cylinders and detects whether or not there is an abnormality of imbalance of air-fuel ratios among the cylinders. The abnormality detection portion refrains from determining that the air-fuel ratios are normal when the working angle at the time of detection of the parameter is within a predetermined large working angle range, and determines that the air-fuel ratios are normal when the working angle at the time of detection of the parameter is within a predetermined small working angle range that is on a small working angle side with respect to the large working angle range.

Abstract: The present invention provides, as one aspect, a gas sensor element including a solid electrolytic substance having a bottomed cylindrical shape and oxygen ion conductivity, a reference electrode arranged on an inner side surface of the solid electrolytic substance, a measuring electrode arranged on an outer side surface of the solid electrolytic substance, and a protective layer which covers the outer side surface of the solid electrolytic substance together with the measuring electrode and which allows gas to be measured to pass through the protective layer, wherein an end side of the gas sensor element is formed of a leg portion whose profile line is straight on an axial cross section and a bottom portion whose profile line is curved, and the film thickness of the protective layer of the bottom portion is larger than the film thickness of the protective layer of the leg portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas sensor, particularly a lambda probe, for determining the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine that is operated using a fuel-air mixture. Said gas sensor comprises a pump cell with an outer electrode that is exposed to the exhaust gas, an inner electrode located in a measuring chamber which is separated from the exhaust gas by means of a first diffusion barrier, and an electronic circuit for generating a voltage applied between the outer electrode and the inner electrode as well as for measuring and evaluating a pump current that is generated in said process in order to draw a conclusion therefrom about the composition of the fuel-air mixture.

Abstract: The output signal of a pre-catalytic converter lambda probe and the output signal of a controller are used to determine an inherent delay time of the pre-catalytic converter lambda probe, for example due to aging of the probe, by measuring, for example, the separation between maxima in these output signals. The pre-catalytic converter lambda probe is installed in an exhaust gas system of an arrangement wherein an internal combustion engine operated under controlled conditions. The determined delay time can be used to determine the oxygen storage capacity of an oxygen store associated with a catalytic converter in the arrangement by determining with the pre-catalytic converter lambda probe the start of a time interval over which integration takes place, and determining the actual end time of the integration by adding the delay time to an end time determined from an output signal of the post-catalytic converter lambda probe.

Abstract: An electrochemistry apparatus comprises a supporting body and a reaction layer for generating electromotive force. The supporting body is made of a first material. The reaction layer covers the surface of the supporting body and comprises an ion conductive layer, a first film electrode and a second film electrode. The first and the second film electrodes are separately formed on two opposite surfaces of the ion conductive layer. The ion conductive layer is made of a second material having a thermal expansion coefficient approximating to the thermal expansion coefficient of the first material. The second material has an ionic conductivity greater than the ionic conductivity of the first material. The first material has a toughness greater than the second material. The electrochemistry apparatus employs the supporting body with improved toughness and the ion conductive layer with improved ion conductivity, so as to increase sensitivity and thermal shock resistance.

Abstract: A method of processing a sensor element includes the steps of: (a) preparing a gas atmosphere containing hydrocarbon, having an air-fuel ratio of 0.80 to 0.9999, and having a small amount of oxidizing gas added thereto; and (b) subjecting a sensor element to a heat treatment in the gas atmosphere at a temperature of 500° C. or higher for 15 minutes or longer. The sensor element includes an electrochemical pumping cell constituted of an oxygen-ion conductive solid electrolyte and an electrode having a NOx reduction ability. A NOx gas in a measurement gas is reduced or decomposed in the electrode. A NOx concentration in the measurement gas is obtained based on a current which flows in the electrochemical pumping cell at a time of the reduction or decomposition.

Abstract: A gas sensor in one form comprises a housing including a base and a top defining an interior space. The housing includes a gas entry hole and first and second electrical terminals. First and second electrodes in the housing interior space each comprise a membrane having a layer of platinum black catalyst on one side. The second electrode includes a lower amount of platinum black catalyst than the first electrode. A separator is placed between the first and second electrodes. Current collectors electrically connect the first and second electrodes to the respective first and second electrical terminals whereby sensor current represents concentration of gas while minimizing cross sensitivity.

Abstract: A gas sensor (100) includes an oxygen pump cell (135) and an oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) laminated together with a spacer (145) interposed therebetween. The spacer (145) has a gas detection chamber (145c) which faces electrodes (137, 152) of the cells (135, 150). The oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) produces an output voltage corresponding to the concentration of oxygen in the gas detection chamber (145c). The oxygen pump cell (135) pumps oxygen into and out of the measurement chamber (145c) such that the output voltage of the oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) becomes equal to a predetermined target voltage. A leakage portion mainly formed of zirconia is disposed between which electrically connects the oxygen-concentration detection cell (150) and the oxygen pump cell (135).

Abstract: A gas sensor (200) includes a gas sensor element (10) extending in the direction of an axis O, and a housing (50) made of metal, radially surrounding the gas sensor element, and adapted for inserting at least partially into a sensor-mounting hole (350) of a mounting body (300). The gas sensor (200) further includes a resin member (60, 61) which radially surrounds the housing at least partially and having a contact portion (C) in contact with the housing that is at least partially disposed axially frontward with respect to the outer surface of the mounting body (300) around the sensor-mounting hole, and a heat sink member (80) that is in contact with the housing at an axial position the same as or located frontward of the axial position of the front end of the contact portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a gas sensor including a nanopore electrode and a fluorine compound coated on the nanopore electrode, and also relates to a preparing method of the gas sensor.

Abstract: A gas sensor is disclosed. The gas sensor includes a gas sensing electrode and a counter electrode disposed within a housing, and respective conductors that connects the gas sensing electrode and the counter electrode to a sensing circuit. The housing includes walls defining a cavity containing electrolyte in fluid communication with the gas sensing electrode and counter electrode and wherein the walls further comprise one or more coatings or second layers superimposed on the walls. The one or more coatings or second layers have a lower water vapor transport rate than that of the walls, such that, in use, water vapor transport between the electrolyte and atmosphere through the walls of the housing is reduced.

Abstract: A gas sensor is provided with a multilayer body of solid electrolyte layers, a measurement electrode, a reference electrode, a reference gas introduction layer, a detection unit and a heater. The reference electrode and the measurement electrode are formed directly on the same first solid electrolyte layer. Thus, heat from the heater is transferred from a third substrate layer to the first solid electrolyte layer, and also to the reference electrode and the measurement electrode through the same first solid electrolyte layer. The reference electrode is covered with a reference gas introduction layer, formed of a porous body. The transference of heat from the heater to the reference electrode through the reference gas introduction layer is smaller than the transference of heat from the heater to the reference electrode through the first solid electrolyte layer on which the reference electrode is formed directly.

Abstract: A gas sensor including a gas sensor element, and an inner member surrounding the gas sensor element. The gas sensor element has a detection element having therein a space to which a gas to be measured is introduced, and a heater laminated on the detection element. The detection element includes a first oxygen pumping cell for pumping oxygen into or out of the space, an oxygen concentration detection cell, a detection electrode and a reference electrode. In side faces of the detection element along a laminating direction, a region from a front end of the inner member to a part of the detection electrode along a longitudinal direction is covered with a glass coat having a glass transition point of over 700° C. Further the detection electrode is controlled at a temperature range from 600° C. or more to not more than the glass transition point of the glass coat.

Abstract: The present invention provides, with reference to FIG. 1, an internal combustion engine (10) having a fuel injector which comprises a sprung piston (55) or a resilient diaphragm piston (8155) and an electrical coil (57, 8158) for displacing the piston (55, 8155). The piston draws fuel into and expels fuel from a pumping chamber (52, 8152). The number of operations of the injector per engine cycle is controlled by an electronic controller (23, 8159) to control the quality of fuel delivered per cycle to a combustion chamber. A voltage measured in the coil (52, 8158) by movement of the piston under action of the spring or due to its own resilience is used to give an indication of vapour pressure of the fuel. A device akin to the injector can be used to draw fuel from a pipeline to measure the vapour pressure of the fluid.