Abstract: The method comprises the following steps providing a porous sample containing a first fluid; establishing a steady state profile of a second fluid content in the porous sample by applying a first mechanical load, to create a plurality of regions having different second fluid contents in the porous sample; measuring, in each of the plurality of regions, a local saturation in the first fluid or/and in the second fluid; measuring, in each of the plurality of regions, a corresponding local electrical resistivity and/or conductivity; and determining a value of the representative parameter based on the corresponding values of local saturation and of local electrical conductivity and/or resistivity in each of the plurality of regions.

Abstract: Online measurement of dispersed oil phase in produced water can be implemented a method on-site of a flowline transporting a fluid that includes dispersed oil in water. A sample of the fluid flowed through the flowline is obtained. The sample includes the oil phase and the water phase. The sample is combined with a chemical element that can separate the oil phase in the sample from the water phase in the sample. The separated oil phase and the chemical element are transferred into a measurement cell. The chemical element is removed from the measurement cell. After the chemical element is removed from the measurement cell, a quantity of the oil phase in the sample in the measurement cell is determined by a capacitive measurement technique. The determined quantity of the oil phase in the sample is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods and systems, including computer-implemented methods, computer program products, and computer systems, for measuring a water cut for hydrocarbon fluid in a production pipe. One method includes transmitting a microwave through a first waveguide attached to a production pipe, wherein the microwave is directed to the hydrocarbon fluid in the production pipe; and obtaining, measurement results based on reflection or propagation of the microwave, wherein the measurement results are used to determine a water cut of the hydrocarbon fluid.

Abstract: Provided is a surface condition monitoring apparatus including: a transparent member; a transmission unit including a transmitter that transmits electromagnetic waves from one side of the transparent member toward the other side; and a reception unit including a receiver that detects the electromagnetic waves that enter the one side of the transparent member from the other side, the transmission unit and the reception unit being arranged such that the receiver detects scattered waves of the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the transmitter, that enter the one side from the other side, the transmission unit being configured to be capable of transmitting a plurality of electromagnetic waves having different wavelengths, and the reception unit being configured to detect intensities of the scattered waves of the electromagnetic waves at different positions.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are for storing and retrieving data related to the installation, service, repair or performance of an industrial flow meter or other measurement instrument. Methods and apparatus are also for other processes associated with measurement instruments.

Abstract: The automated sampling system has a water tight case that encloses a testing instrument. In the preferred embodiment, the testing instrument is a field-portable ion chromatography instrument designed to test water samples. In operation, a controller directs a syringe pump to draw fluid from outside the system through a specialized filter with a continuous flow lower reservoir. When directed by the controller, the syringe pump then injects the sample water into a testing portion of the field-portable ion chromatography instrument.

Abstract: An apparatus for scanning and detecting analytes in real time as they move through a separation conduit is provided. The apparatus may include a detector mounted on a scanner containing a separation conduit positions under the scanner such that the scanner may move back and forth along the conduit, producing time and space data of the column as the analyte moves through and providing information regarding elution of the analyte in real time. A method for real time analysis of analytes as they move through a separation conduit is also provided.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a refrigerator cabinet and a refrigerating compartment within the refrigerator cabinet. A beverage dispensing system is operatively connected to the refrigerator cabinet, the beverage dispensing system configured to dispense a stream of a beverage. The beverage dispensing system includes a light source and a light sensor positioned on opposite sides of the stream of the beverage. The beverage dispensing system is configured for detecting if dispensement of the beverage is occurring and characterizing the volume or amount of the beverage being dispensed.

Abstract: An apparatus for scanning and detecting analytes in real time as they move through a separation conduit is provided. The apparatus may include a detector mounted on a scanner containing a separation conduit positions under the scanner such that the scanner may move back and forth along the conduit, producing time and space data of the column as the analyte moves through and providing information regarding elution of the analyte in real time. A method for real time analysis of analytes as they move through a separation conduit is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a portable digital reader for urinalysis. The portable digital reader for reading an analysis target chip including a plurality of test areas, comprises: a main body including a light emitting section having light emitting elements for radiating light, an integral optical splitter for uniformly distributing the light from the light emitting section to each test area of the analysis target chip, a light receiving section for receiving light reflected from the each test area so as to convert the same to electric signals, and a measuring section for measuring concentration according to the electric signals obtained from the light receiving section; a main supporting body having the analysis target chip and assembled with the main body; and an auxiliary supporting body assembled between the analysis target chip and the main supporting body, including a groove for assembling the analysis target chip, and assembled with the main supporting body to be exchanged after use.

Abstract: An ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV/Vis) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) photometer includes a nano flow cell in which a light source feeds a reference light channel and a sample light channel, a reference photodiode for evaluating the reference light channel, and a sample photodiode for evaluating the sample light channel, which extends through the nano flow cell. To create a photometer whose signal evaluation is improved, respective effective exposure times of the sample photodiode and the reference photodiode are settable separately from one another.

Abstract: An automatic analyzer has a multi-wavelength light source that irradiates a reaction cuvette containing a liquid mixture of a sample to be analyzed and a reagent. A transmitted-light quantity detector detects the amount of light transmitted through the reaction cuvette and internal contents of the reaction cuvette. A single-wavelength light source irradiates the reaction cuvette with single-wavelength light; and a transmitted-light quantity detector detects the amount of single-wavelength light scattered from the reaction cuvette.

Abstract: An improved analytical method for analysis of dianhydrogalactitol preparations provides a method for determining the purity of dianhydrogalactitol and detecting impurities in preparations of dianhydrogalactitol, as well as identifying any such impurities. The method employs high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), in particular, HPLC with refractive index (RI) detection; the HPLC can be followed by tandem mass spectroscopy. The method can further comprise the step of performing preparative HPLC collection of at least one specific substance peak present in a preparation of dianhydrogalactitol.

Abstract: Modular systems can be used for optical analysis, including in-situ analysis, of stimulated liquids. An excitation module can include a radiation sources, e.g., a laser, LED, lamp, etc. A detection module can include one or more detectors configured to receive spectral and/or temporal information from a stimulated liquid. Such systems can be used to identify or measure optical emissions including fluorescence or scattering. The efficient excitation of liquid samples and collection of emissions from the samples provides substantial, up to four-fold increase in the emission signal over prior systems. In an example, emission measurements can be conducted in an isolated sample compartment, such as using interchangeable modules for discrete sampling, flow-through sampling, or sampling via fiber probe. The systems and methods described herein can be used to characterize natural aquatic environments, including assessments of phytoplankton pigments, biomass, structure, physiology, organic matter, and oil pollution.

Abstract: A method for removing chloride from samples containing volatile organic carbon, wherein a chloride containing sample is mixed with a difficultly volatile acid, wherein hydrochloric acid gas arises, which is present in dissolved form in a sample-acid mixture and then the hydrochloric acid gas is purged by a carrier gas from the sample-acid mixture, wherein the hydrochloric acid gas is removed from the carrier gas following the purging and the carrier gas is fed back to the sample-acid mixture. In order during the hydrochloric acid purging largely to suppress the driving out of easily volatile organic compounds, the sample-acid mixture has a temperature of approximately 3° C. to 30° C., wherein, following the purging from the sample-acid mixture, the hydrochloric acid gas is removed from the carrier gas by absorption with water.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at the control of an effective compression ratio setting in an engine which may use a variety of fuels or fuel blends. The effective compression ratio may be selected based upon information from a fuel sensor and stored information regarding the detected fuel composition. The effective compression ratio may be adjusted for a selected cylinder by intake or exhaust valve timing.

Abstract: The present application is directed to methods for measuring hydrocarbons in a water sample. The water sample may be diluted by a dilution factor to reduce the salinity level. An amount of surfactant determined by the dilution factor and the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant may be added to the water sample. The hydrocarbon concentration may be determined by fluorescence measurement.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods related to monitoring intravenous fluids during administration to a subject are disclosed. These apparatus, systems and methods provide near real-time monitoring of the identity of one or more components of an intravenous fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a portable digital reader for reading an analysis target chip including a plurality of test areas. The reader comprises: a light emitting section having light emitting elements for radiating light; an integral optical splitter for uniformly distributing the light from the light emitting section to each test area of the analysis target chip; a light receiving section for receiving light reflected from each test area so as to convert the same into electric signals; and a measuring section for measuring concentration according to the electric signals obtained from the light receiving section. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the generation of errors in signal measurement due to optical distribution failure by assembling branch sections of the optical splitter under the control of the number of the branch sections according to the number of test items in a test strip.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of measuring engine oil deterioration, including measuring the first absorbance of engine oil using near infrared at a wavelength of 1000 nm or more, measuring the second absorbance of the engine oil during use using near infrared at the wavelength, and comparing the first absorbance and the second absorbance of the engine oil, so that the engine oil may be determined to be in a state of deterioration when the second absorbance may be at least 1.5 times the first absorbance, and to a system for measuring engine oil deterioration therefor.

Abstract: A sampling device allows samples to be taken from a fluid that is pressurized and/or contains volatile components. The sampling device has a sampling housing (121, 521), an inlet (10, 110, 510), an outlet (11, 111, 511), a measuring cell (17, 317, 517) and a valve unit (118, 534). The valve unit has a valve which, in a first position, connects the inlet to the outlet by way of the measuring cell. In a second position, the valve connects the inlet directly to the outlet, while also disconnecting the measuring cell from both the inlet and the outlet. The valve unit also has at least one adjustable flow restrictor, through which the flow of the fluid through the sampling device is regulated.

Abstract: The present invention provides kits and methods for composition ratio control based on dyes that are designed to enable energy transfer between each other. In more detail, with the method of the present invention it is possible to verify the mixing ratio of a first component comprising a first dye with a second component comprising a second dye.

Abstract: A process for refining crude oil can be controlled to mitigate fouling by deploying a refractive index probe at a location suitable for making a crude oil stability determination, wherein the crude oil stability determination is relevant to controlling the refining process; making a measurement of crude oil stability; and then controlling the process for refining crude oil by maintaining the process or implementing a change to the process, based upon the determination of crude oil stability. This concept can also be applied to transporting, blending, and storing crude oil.

Abstract: A chromatographic optical detection system includes an optical detector disposed to receive light scattered from a stream of particles and configured to convert the received light to an electrical signal; a signal-processing unit in signal communication with the optical detector to receive the electrical signal, and configured to convert the electrical signal to digital pulses and count the digital pulses to output a first signal corresponding to a number of particles detected in a time interval, and configured to integrate and digitize the electrical signal to output a second signal corresponding to the number of particles detected in the time interval; and a data station in signal communication with the signal-processing unit, and configured to select the first signal, if the number of particles detected in the time interval is less than a threshold criterion, and to select the second signal if the number of particles detected in the time interval exceeds the threshold criterion.

Abstract: A leak detection sensor for detecting a leakage of an electrolyte solution in a flow battery system is provided. The sensor includes a sensor housing, the sensor housing being at least partially surrounded by a fluid and having mounted therein at least one light source.

Abstract: A liquid chromatography device comprises one or more liquid reservoirs (3) for a liquid medium, a sample reservoir for a sample to be analysed and a chromatography column (4) in fluid communication with the liquid reservoir (3) and the sample reservoir (5). The device further comprises a gas reservoir (1) for containing a volume of gas under pressure to force liquid from the liquid reservoir (3) through the chromatography column (4), in use.

Abstract: A sample receiving chip comprising a substrate that receives an aliquot volume of a sample fluid and a sample region of the substrate, sized such that the volume of the sample fluid is sufficient to operatively cover a portion of the sample region. The energy imparted into the sample fluid is transduced by the sample region to produce an output signal that indicates energy properties of the sample fluid. The sample receiving chip also includes a channel formed in the substrate, the channel configured to collect the aliquot volume of a sample fluid and transfer the aliquot volume of sample fluid to the sample region.

Abstract: HPLC-based quality control systems to perform quality control testing on a radiopharmaceutical solution shortly after synthesis. An HPLC-based quality control system makes efficient use of sample volume and is compatible with a variety of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceutical compounds. In several embodiments, the automated nature of an HPLC-based quality control system allows for quality control tests to be conducted quickly and with minimal impact on user workflow. When used as part of an integrated PET biomarker radiopharmaceutical production system, the present general inventive concept permits a manufacturer to produce product and conduct quality control tests with lower per dose costs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pretreatment of a desired sample in a discrete fluid analyzing instrument comprises automated means for handling and analyzing the sample and means for performing a pretreatment step on the sample or a sub-sample of the sample. The means for pretreatment are used for immobilizing at least one substance or analyte from the sample or sub-sample wherein the substance or analyte is reversibly immobilized. Usually, the apparatus further comprises means for eluting the substance or analyte from the capture means prior to analysis.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for monitoring a fluid having one or more adulterants therein. One method of monitoring the fluid includes containing the fluid within a flow path, the fluid including at least one adulterant present therein, optically interacting at least one integrated computational element with the fluid, thereby generating optically interacted light, receiving with at least one detector the optically interacted light, and generating with the at least one detector an output signal corresponding to a characteristic of the at least one adulterant in the fluid.

Abstract: In or near real-time monitoring of fluids can take place using an opticoanalytical device that is configured for monitoring the fluid. Fluids can be monitored prior to or during their introduction into a subterranean formation using the opticoanalytical devices. Produced fluids from a subterranean formation can be monitored in a like manner. The methods can comprise providing at least one acid; combining the at least one acid with a base fluid to form an acidizing fluid; and monitoring a characteristic of the acidizing fluid using a first opticoanalytical device that is in optical communication with a flow pathway for transporting the acidizing fluid.

Abstract: A transmittance sensor that detects the optical transmittance of biofuel is provided on a fuel tank that stores biofuel to be supplied to an internal combustion engine. An ECU periodically acquires the optical transmittance detected by the transmittance sensor, and calculates the amount of change from the previous value. In addition, the ECU calculates a degradation index value indicating the degree of degradation of the biofuel by accumulating the amount of change.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a portable digital reader for urinalysis. The portable digital reader for reading an analysis target chip including a plurality of test areas, comprises: a main body including a light emitting section having light emitting elements for radiating light, an integral optical splitter for uniformly distributing the light from the light emitting section to each test area of the analysis target chip, a light receiving section for receiving light reflected from the each test area so as to convert the same to electric signals, and a measuring section for measuring concentration according to the electric signals obtained from the light receiving section; a main supporting body having the analysis target chip and assembled with the main body; and an auxiliary supporting body assembled between the analysis target chip and the main supporting body, including a groove for assembling the analysis target chip, and assembled with the main supporting body to be exchanged after use.

Abstract: An exemplary method of extracting chlorophyll is provided according to the embodiments of the present invention. The method includes the following steps: providing a plant leaf containing chlorophyll therein and smashing the plant leaf; extracting the chlorophyll from the smashed plant leaf by using an organic solvent, thereby achieving an extracted solution containing chlorophyll therein; filtering the extracted solution and concentrating the filtered solution; and collecting the concentrated solution containing chlorophyll. An exemplary method of measuring a consistency of the chlorophyll is also provided in the present invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waste water immersion probe (10) comprising a liquid-tight housing (11), a sensor (18) which is disposed in the housing (11) and a sensor window (20) formed on the housing (11). A wiper element (22) for cleaning the sensor window (20) is arranged on the outside of the sensor window (20), and the wiper element (22) is driven by a drive motor (24) which is arranged essentially in the housing (11). The housing is devoid of openings. A magnetic element (36, 37) is associated with the drive motor (24) and a magnetic element (34, 35) is associated with the wiper element (22) in such a manner that the magnetic drive motor element (36, 37) produces a magnetic field which transverses the housing wall and transmits a drive torque to the wiper element (22) without a shaft.

Abstract: A method for ingredient analysis includes the steps of: providing a database, which stores a plurality of standard ingredient data; analyzing a sample to obtain a plurality of inspection data via a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method; and respectively comparing the inspection data with the corresponding standard ingredient data to analyze all ingredients contained in the sample simultaneously. The method may be applied to a device for ingredient analysis. Thus, by cooperating the database with the HPLC method, all ingredients contained in the sample can be analyzed via at least one analysis procedure so that the procedures for ingredient analysis are simpler and quicker and the accuracy of the analysis result can be enhanced.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices, chromatography devices and integrated circuits for detecting one or more molecules and methods for forming a semiconductor device for detecting one or more molecules are presented. For example, a semiconductor device for detecting one or more molecules includes a channel formed within a semiconductor structure, and at least one detector formed within the semiconductor structure. The at least one detector detects the one or more molecules in the channel The semiconductor device may optionally comprise one or more additional channels formed within the semiconductor structure. The semiconductor device may, for example, be operative to detect a single molecule.

Abstract: A system (1) for optically determining a concentration of a substance of interest, e.g. glucose, in a body fluid. The system (1) comprises a probe head (2) adapted to be positioned in direct contact with a body fluid to be analysed, e.g. subcutaneously, in a blood vessel or in direct contact with a sample. The probe head (2) defines an analysis volume (5) which is at least partly delimited towards the body fluid by a semi-permeable membrane (6) allowing substances of interest to enter the analysis volume (5). The system (1) further comprises first light guiding means (7) arranged for guiding primary light (9) to the analysis volume (5), and second light guiding means (8) arranged for guiding secondary light (11) away from the analysis volume (5). The primary light (9) is scattered, preferably Raman scattered, and the scattered spectrum is used for determining the concentration of the substance of interest.

Abstract: A method for in situ sampling and monitoring of a fluid flowing in a flow path, whereby the fluid is to be directed to a chamber a first valve may provide a connection between an inlet to the chamber and the flow path and a second valve may provide a connection between an outlet from the chamber and the flow path, comprising the following steps: a) opening the first valve and the second valve to let the incoming fluid flow through the inlet to the chamber and from the chamber through the outlet into the continuation of the fluid path, thereby allowing fluid to circulate through the chamber for a certain time, b) trapping the fluid in the chamber by closing the second valve and thereafter closing the first valve, c) opening a valve 9 for reducing pressure, to obtain a pressure in the chamber suitable for monitoring the fluid, d) opening an access valve 11 and leading the fluid trapped in the chamber into a monitor system wherein the fluid is analyzed, and thereby providing the data representing the fluid chara

Abstract: A mixer for analytical application mixes a container of fluid without a magnetic stir bar. A device for testing a liquid for particles can use the mixer. The mixing can occur in a sealed container, and liquid can be transmitted to the device from the sealed container.

Abstract: A test system for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a biological fluid sample comprises: a plurality of test members (16) in a container (10), each test member (16) including reagent means for indicating the catalytic activity of an enzyme when in the presence of a biological fluid containing an analyte acted upon by the enzyme; 0 a test meter (2) for receiving a test member (16), the meter (2) having circuitry for performing a measurement on a test member received therein to produce a measured physical value, means for determining an analyte concentration value for a specified biological fluid from said measured physical value, and means (4) for indicating a determined analyte concentration value; a Container RFID tag (14) associated with the container (10) which includes data specific to said plurality of test members (16); and a Patient RFID tag (28) which includes data specific to a patient; and wherein said test meter (2) includes means for reading and storing data from said Container RFID tag

Abstract: Apparatus and methods to monitor contamination levels in a formation fluid arc disclosed. An example method involves obtaining first property data indicative of a first fluid property of a formation fluid and second property data indicative of a second fluid property of the formation fluid. A correlation between the first and second property data is generated and third data is fitted to the correlation. A fitting parameter is determined based on the third data indicative of an amount of change of the first property data relative to an amount of change of the second property data.

Abstract: A method and sensor for measuring the concentration of an analyte about radiantly excitable indicator molecules. A stimulus waveform is used to drive a radiant source. The indicator molecules are exposed to the radiant source. A response waveform is generated to represent photoluminescent radiation emitted by the indicator molecules. A phase difference between the stimulus waveform and the response waveform is a function of the concentration of the analyte that enables determining the analyte concentration.

Abstract: An appliance using water including an incoming water valve is provided. The appliance includes a sensor disposed in-line to an incoming flow of water received from the incoming water valve and is configured to sense a degree of hardness in the incoming flow of water. The sensor includes a sensing element disposed on a substrate. The sensing element includes a sensing matrix, an indicator for one or more chemical species in flow of water, and a selectivity component that reacts reversibly with one or more chemical species in the water. The sensor also includes a light source configured to direct light through the substrate and the sensing matrix. The sensor further includes a light detector configured to receive transmitted light from the substrate and the sensing matrix and to generate a signal representative of selective wavelengths of the light indicative of one or more chemical species in flow of water.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical cell for a separation chamber of a density centrifuge blood processing system for separating fluid components comprising an extraction chamber having a first external optical surface for transmitting at least a portion of an incident optical beam; and an extraction port having an axial bore for passing fluid components and a first external optical surface for transmitting at least a portion of the incident optical beam; wherein said first external optical surface of said extraction chamber and said first external optical surface of said extraction port are both positioned within the depth of field of a light collection element.

Abstract: A probe or sonde (1) comprising a plurality of sensors (3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10) for sensing different parameters, at least one sensor being mounted on or at one end of the probe or sonde (1), and at least one sensor being mounted on or at the, or one, side of the probe or sonde (1). The probe or sonde further comprises a centrally positioned stirrer (7) and in constructed from plastics discs bonded together or separated by gaskets. Sensors are used for measuring different water quality parameters, flow and temperature.

Abstract: A use composition monitor determines the concentration of peracid and/or peroxide in a use composition using a kinetic assay procedure. A sample mixture containing a sample of the use composition, a diluent and at least one reagent is prepared and analyzed using, for example, an optical detector. A reduced-turbulence optical detector can be used to improve collected response data. A reduced-turbulence optical detector can include a cell body disposed about a length of transparent tubing. The cell body positions one or more emitter/receiver pairs about the transparent tubing. Thus, tube junctions are eliminated and sample flow within the tube is substantially turbulence free.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a biological analysis device including: means for circulating a fluid to be analyzed, comprising a fluidic chamber, optical detection means based on a semiconductor, including a detection front face, a rear face and pads of electrical contacts located on this rear face.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for quantifying the composition of a product, including: irradiating the product with a radiation source in the near infrared range; receiving radiation which is reflected by or transmitted through the product; providing an output signal corresponding to the intensity of the radiation received at a number of different wavelengths; and determining whether or not the product lies within predetermined integrity criteria on the basis of the output signal using a mathematical method. The moving product contains a solution or homogeneous dispersion and the content of at least one substance contained in the dispersion or solution is quantitatively determined on the basis of the output signal. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out this method.

Abstract: An optical gas concentration sensor and method for measuring blood gas based on the light adsorption sensing technique are disclosed. The optical gas concentration sensor comprises a light source, a photo detector, and a gas filtering membrane for separating the indicator and a liquid. A gas in the liquid diffuses to the indicator through the gas filtering membrane so as to change the color of the indicator due to the chemical reaction occurred between the indicator and the gas. Then, the photo detector receives the light passing though the reacted indicator from the light source. The gas concentration is determined based on pH-sensitive absorbance spectrum of the indicator.