Abstract: A device for testing a pressure sensor having a pressure-sensitive region includes a fixture for a pressure sensor designed to receive the pressure sensor, a nozzle designed to generate a gas flow interacting with the pressure-sensitive region of the pressure sensor and positioned so close to the fixture such that the nozzle does not contact the pressure-sensitive region of the pressure sensor and a predefined portion of the pressure-sensitive region experiences an increased or decreased pressure relative to ambient pressure which is constant within a deviation of 10% relative to a pressure mean value, and a measurer designed to measure an electrical signal received by the pressure sensor.

Abstract: A vacuum gauge has a scale having a safe zone indicia, a working zone indicia, an indicator to indicate a particular location on the scale, and a pressure sensing mechanism and housing having a pressure sensing port accessible for fluid connection to the refrigeration system to receive fluid for sensing. The indicia are distinctly coded for user differentiation. The scale may include a leak indicating zone indicia and a non-working zone indicia The safe zone indicia may represent 0 to 500 microns, the working zone indicia 500 to 2000 microns, the leak indicating zone indicia 2000 to 25,400 microns, and the non-working zone indicia 25,400 to 30,000 microns. Service tool combination includes body assembly, shaft assembly and gauge in direct sealed connection with a fitting for releasable sealed fluid connection. There are methods using the combination. Tool has gripper with cavity to receive valve core pin. Gripper has base to prevent pin from pulling gripper from tool.

Abstract: A method for the continuous measuring of dynamic fluid consumption using a continuously-operating flow sensor with variable pressure drop wherein the pressure downstream of the flow sensor is adjusted to a constant value by a pressure regulator, and when the pressure downstream of the pressure regulator exceeds a certain level, recycling fluid back into the pressure regulator in an amount that corresponds to the volume causing the excess pressure.

Abstract: A retrofittable pressure gauge for a spray gun includes a pressure sensor, located in a pressure chamber, a power source and a display unit, all enclosed within a case, a passageway providing fluid communication between the pressure chamber and a pressurised interior space of the spray gun when the gauge is mounted on the spray gun and a mounting fixture configured for mounting the pressure gauge at a spreader valve or a trigger operated fluid valve of the spray gun.

Abstract: An adjustment method and apparatus to derive a pressure and measure for the securement force and alignment of flanges, couplings, bearings, headers, and securement bolts or nuts, where at least one member is moveable in relationship to another member such as a spindle nut retaining a wheel hub and the hub's inner and outer bearings upon a spindle, the spindle nut having affixed upon or embodied within, one or more axially affixed pressure calibration instruments to sense an axial pressure, and integrated with a corresponding axial micro measurement, to identify an exact pressure reference point from which is accomplished a desired securement force, the desired securement force being either satisfied or further accomplished by a specified increment of tightening of the securement device, thusly achieving dimensional stability of the structure.

Abstract: An apparatus for attenuation of fluid pressure pulses in a hydraulic system of an automatic transmission is provided. In one embodiment of the invention, a wave tuner is disposed within a fluid conduit between the transmission and a transmission fluid cooler. In another embodiment of the invention, a stand pipe is teed into the conduit with an open end of the stand pipe communicating with the conduit and an opposite closed end reflecting pressure pulses.

Abstract: A pressure sensor port apparatus and method comprising a pressure port that includes a hexagonal area preferably comprising a plastic material (e.g., thermoplastic). Additionally, one or more electronic interconnections can be associated with the pressure sensor port, such that the electronic interconnections are isolated from sensed media while providing a pressure sensor port apparatus based on a cost effective injection molding process rather than a machining processes required for a metal.

Abstract: Membrane (24) of a shell (20) of a pressure sensor, having an upper and lower chamber (34, 23), wherein the membrane is made by a support wall (36) and a cap (41) having an upper and lower sheets (31, 32), the support wall having a central aperture (33), the support wall separating but for its central aperture the lower from the upper chamber, the lower sheet (32) having a central aperture (38), edges of the central apertures (33, 38) of the support wall (36) and of the lower sheet (32) respectively being welded to one another, peripheries (37) of the upper and lower sheet (31, 32) being welded to one another so that a volume (40) is present between said upper and lower sheets (31, 32), said volume being in the upper chamber (34) and communicating through the central apertures (33, 38) of the support wall (36) and of the lower sheet (32) respectively, with the lower chamber (23).

Abstract: A pressure transducer assembly including: a pressure sensor header; a transducer assembly member; and a joining arrangement disposed at an interface of the header and the transducer assembly member, for joining the header with the transducer assembly member, the joining arrangement including: a recessed female joining element formed in one of the header and the transducer assembly member; and a protruding male joining element formed on the other of the header and the transducer assembly member, the male joining element received in the female joining element.

Abstract: A fairing system developed to reduce the flow disturbance around sensor elements allowing accurate measurement of the pressure distribution on an airplane exterior surface. The fairing also protects the sensors and electronics of the pressure belt from direct exposure to airflow.

Abstract: A circuit produces an output that is proportional to the molar density of gas in a chamber. The circuit employs an operational amplifier which measures the temperature using a RTD or other element that changes resistance with temperature. The RTD is placed such that it produces a decreasing current draw at the inverting input of the operational amplifier as the temperature increases. This decreasing current draw in turn produces a decreasing voltage at the output of the operational amplifier. By changing the ratio of resistors connected to the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier one changes the offset of the output voltage. By changing the feedback resistor connected from the output of the operational amplifier to the inverting terminal and connecting the output of the inverting terminal to a voltage divider including the RTD device, one can change the gain with temperature.

Abstract: A portable electronic device (1) is described, in particular of bracelet watch type, comprising at least first and second display members (8 and 9), means (23, 31) for making measurements of a physical magnitude related to the value of the altitude and a memory zone (26) for storing the measured values of the physical magnitude. The electronic circuits (20) of the device are adapted to control the analog display members, in one mode of operation called the rate of climb mode, so that a first display member (9) indicates the instantaneous rate of change of altitude and the second display member (8) indicates the value of a mean rate of change of altitude against appropriate graduations (10) of the device. Such a device finds its principle application in the field of aeronautical sports.

Abstract: A pressure measurement device usable for monitoring pressure of fluids such as blood, waste, and replacement fluid in a blood treatment system provides a reliable signal and other benefits by virtue of a number of features of the various embodiments disclosed. The pressure of fluid carried by a vessel or tube is measured by measuring a change in shape of the vessel or tube via a sensor element contacting it. Materials, shape, and mechanical support cooperatively ensure that the little inelastic strain occurs and pressure measurements are repeatable. The embodiments are compatible with the use of disposable vessels and tubes.

Abstract: A pressure detection device includes a case unit which has therein an accommodation space and a pressure introduction passage, and a pressure detection unit having a detection surface for detecting a pressure applied thereto. Two ends of the pressure introduction passage respectively have a first opening portion which is opened toward the accommodation space, and a second opening portion which is opened toward an exterior of the case unit. The pressure detection unit is accommodated in the accommodation space. The pressure introduction passage further has a third opening portion which is opened toward the exterior. The pressure detection unit is disposed to detect the pressure, with the first opening portion and the third opening portion being positioned at an upper side of the second opening portion.

Abstract: A new and improved combination pressure gauge and relative humidity indicator for use upon a compressed air or gas too, such as, for example, a paint spray gun, comprises a housing within which a pressure transducer, for determining the pressure level of the incoming compressed air or gas, and a humidity sensor, for determining the relative humidity of the incoming compressed air or gas, are disposed and contained. A first end portion of the housing has a first coupling mounted thereon for connection to an inlet port coupling of the paint spray gun, while a second end portion of the housing has a second coupling mounted thereon for connection to a compressed air or gas line of a compressed air or gas supply source. In this manner, the combination pressure gauge and relative humidity indicator can be readily incorporated within the fluid flow line of the compressed air or gas so as to be separably and independently useable with any compressed air or gas tool.

Abstract: An injection screw position Xa, injection speed Va, and injection pressure Pa are read. A deceleration distance D the injection screw moves from the point where the injection operation has been stopped at the current moment to be decelerated by maximum deceleration till the point where the injection speed is reduced to zero is determined from a corrected deceleration in which the amount of correction ? is added to a predetermined deceleration A inherent in the machine and the read injection speed Va. The determined deceleration distance D is multiplied by the amount of change in injection pressure with respect to the amount of change in the injection screw position to determine a predicted increment in pressure (D·?P/?X). The predicted increment in pressure is added to the current injection pressure Pa to determine an injection pressure Pa* predicted when the screw is suddenly decelerated at the current moment.

Abstract: A circuit produces an output that is proportional to the molar density of gas in a chamber. The circuit employs an operational amplifier which measures the temperature using a RTD or other element that changes resistance with temperature. The RTD is placed such that it produces a decreasing current draw at the inverting input of the operational amplifier as the temperature increases. This decreasing current draw in turn produces a decreasing voltage at the output of the operational amplifier. By changing the ratio of resistors connected to the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier one changes the offset of the output voltage. By changing the feedback resistor connected from the output of the operational amplifier to the inverting terminal and connecting the output of the inverting terminal to a voltage divider including the RTD device, one can change the gain with temperature.

Abstract: In a method for continuous measuring of dynamic fluid consumption, particularly fuel, the pressure beyond the flow sensor is adjusted to a constant value by means of a pressure regulator by using a continuously-operating flow sensor with variable pressure drop, preferably a mass flow sensor. Fluid is guided into the pressure regulator after exceeding a discretionary pressure to allow continuous, accurate, as well timely and highly discriminating consumption measuring with regulated exit pressure for the fluid even at a back-flow of short duration or during temperature-related expansion of the fluid. A pressure regulator (9) provided for this purpose has a housing (41, 42), which contains an element (40) biased by a changeable force whereby the element (40) is coupled to a valve arrangement (49, 50) that is also arranged in the housing (41, 42) for the fluid to build up pressure therein. The pressure regulator (9) contains a catch volume for the fluid.

Abstract: A vacuum measuring cell has a first housing body and a membrane, both of Al2O3 ceramic or sapphire. The membrane is planar with a peripheral edge joined by a first seal to the first housing body to form a reference vacuum chamber. A second housing body of Al2O3 ceramic or sapphire opposite the membrane, is joined to the peripheral edge of the membrane by a second seal to form a measurement vacuum chamber. A port connects the vacuum measuring cell to a medium to be measured. At least in the central area of the first housing body, an optical transparent window is formed and at least the central region of the membrane has an optically reflective surface. Outside the reference vacuum chamber, in opposition to and at a distance from the window, an optical fibre is arranged for feeding in and out light onto the surface of the membrane.

Abstract: A physical quantity detector includes a pressure-responsive bridge circuit that outputs a detection voltage including a voltage component corresponding to atmospheric pressure and a voltage component corresponding to a change quantity from the atmospheric pressure, a filter that eliminates the voltage component corresponding to the change quantity from the atmospheric pressure, and a variable gain unit that amplifies a voltage difference between the detection voltage outputted from the bridge circuit and the filter output voltage that is free form the change quantity from the atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring differential pressure includes first and second sensor units. The first sensor unit detects directly a first pressure of a substance at a first position and acquires a first detection result that indicates the first pressure. The second sensor unit detects directly a second pressure of the substance at a second position different from the first position. The second sensor unit acquires a second detection result that indicates the second pressure and receives the first detection result from the first sensor unit. The second sensor unit calculates a differential pressure between the first and second positions with reference to the first and second detection results.

Abstract: A sensor unit includes a pressure sensor, an acceleration sensor and a signal-processing circuit, which are disposed on the bottom surface of a lead to form a line in the longitudinal direction of the sensor unit. The pressure sensor and the acceleration sensor are disposed at respective symmetrical positions with respect to the center of the signal-processing circuit in the longitudinal direction of the sensor unit. Each of the pressure sensor and the acceleration sensor has substantially the same height dimension. The sensors, the signal-processing circuit and the lead are sealed with a molded body, in such a manner as to allow lead terminals of the lead to protrude outside the molded body. The signal-processing circuit is operable, based on a signal from the acceleration sensor, to control the ON/OFF action of the pressure sensor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method allowing an electronic watch to automatically exit an altimeter mode including the following steps: (a) entry into altimeter mode by activating the watch altimeter module; (b) using a pressure sensor of the watch to measure at least one first pressure value used to calculate a first altitude value; (c) using the pressure sensor to measure at least one second pressure value used to calculate a second altitude value; (d) comparing the difference between said first and second pressure or altitude values to a determined pressure or altitude variation threshold using a variation detector of the altimeter module; (e) automatic exit from the altimeter mode when the result of the comparison is higher than the determined pressure or altitude variation threshold and stopping the display of altitude values by the analogue display means.

Abstract: A retrofittable pressure gauge for a spray gun includes a pressure sensor, located in a pressure chamber, a power source and a display unit, all enclosed within a case, a passageway providing fluid communication between the pressure chamber and a pressurised interior space of the spray gun when the gauge is mounted on the spray gun and a mounting fixture configured for mounting the pressure gauge at a spreader valve or a trigger operated fluid valve of the spray gun.

Abstract: A humidity sensor includes a resin molding body having a wall portion as a barrage, a chip having at least a humidity sensing function and fixed to a portion of the resin molding body inside the wall portion, and a terminal conductor insert-molded in the resin molding body and partially leaded to an exterior of the resin molding body. Here, the terminal conductor is electrically connected to the chip inside the wall portion of the resin molding body. In the humidity sensor, a protecting material having a humidity sensing property is filled in the wall portion and covers an entire electric connecting portion of the chip and the terminal conductor. The structure of the humidity sensor can be suitably used for a composite sensor including a chip having a humidity sensing function.

Abstract: A modular sensing apparatus includes a sensing diaphragm that accommodates a particular pressure range. A pressure port can be connected to the sensing diaphragm to provide pressure data thereof. Additionally, the modular sensing apparatus includes a connector and a temperature sensor pre-selected by a user, such that the connector is attached to a pressure port. An integrated circuit can be configured to provide a desired output for respective pressure and temperature from the sensing diaphragm and the temperatures sensor and to provide error corrections thereof. The sensing diaphragm, the temperature sensor, the integrated circuit and the connector are electrically connected utilizing flexible circuitry to form the modular sensing apparatus assembled to at least one requirement of the user in order to provide simultaneous and application independent pressure and temperature sensing data.

Abstract: A combination vacuum gauge provides simultaneous absolute and differential pressure measurements over a wide range of pressures ranging from atmospheric pressures to ultrahigh vacuum by processing the readings from an absolute high vacuum gauge (e.g., an ionization gauge and/or a heat-loss sensor), a differential low vacuum gauge providing a differential relative to ambient pressure (e.g., a diaphragm sensor), and a barometric absolute pressure sensor exposed to the ambient atmosphere outside the measurement region. The barometric absolute pressure sensor reading is used to convert the differential vacuum gauge reading from uncalibrated differential pressure to calibrated absolute pressure.

Abstract: An air pump includes a cylindrical casing, a manometer movably received in the cylindrical casing to be selectively extended out of the cylindrical casing, an air duct securely received in the manometer to be firmly engaged with an inner face defining the reduced bottom opening of the cylindrical casing, a tube to be received inside the manometer, a rod having an annular groove to receive therein a second O ring, a recoil spring mounted outside the manometer. Therefore, when the first O ring is moved upward relative to a downward movement of the manometer to abut a top periphery of the groove, air inside a space defined by the manometer and cylindrical casing is able to flow through a gap between the manometer and the tube and into the air duct via a channel in the rod and into an object to be inflated.

Abstract: A system for sensing respiratory pressure includes a portable pressure transducer configured to be carried by or proximate to a respiratory conduit, such as a breathing circuit or a nasal canula. The portable pressure transducer may removably couple with a pneumotach, in the form of an airway adapter, disposed along the respiratory conduit. The pneumotach may include two pressure ports positioned at opposite sides of an obstruction, which partially blocks flow through a primary conduit of the pneumotach. Corresponding sample conduits of the portable pressure transducer removably couple with the pressure ports. The pressure ports may have sealing elements which are configured to seal against piercing members of the sample conduits upon introduction of the piercing members therethrough. Upon removal of the piercing members, the sealing elements substantially reseal. Methods for using the system are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides pressure sensors for use in wet environments. A pressure sensor package according to the invention has a housing having a pair of cavities separated by a wall member. Sequentially contained within one cavity is a conductive elastomeric seal pad, a pressure sensor and an elastomeric media seal. A pressure cap is attached to the housing such that the pressure cap and the housing together form a hermetic seal. The pressure cap has a port for admitting a gas under pressure into the first cavity. A signal amplifier is positioned within the second cavity and a cover encloses the signal amplifier within the second cavity. An electrical connector through the wall member forms an electrical connection between the pressure sensor and the signal amplifier. A lead frame extends through the housing and forms electrical connections with the pressure sensor and the signal amplifier.

Abstract: A valve body is provided with at one end with a threaded shank for hermetic coupling to a gas container. The valve body is further provided with a handwheel incorporating a gas status indicator device. That device includes a spring-loaded plunger having a head and a helical stem that is engaged in a cavity of a rotatable body so that an axial movement of the plunger, in opposition to a spring biasing force, results in a rotation of the rotatable body. A visible portion of the rotatable body is marked so as to provide an indication of the axial position of the plunger relative to the handwheel, to thereby indicate gas pressure.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to almost completely prevent relative rotation between a pressure gauge and valve main bodies. A gear D is fixed to a pressure gauge guide connected to the pressure gauge. A gear A having the same axis as the gear D is fixed to the valve bodies. A support shaft is rotatably inserted into an insertion hole at a non-center position of a bottom portion of a pressure adjustment guide. Gears C, B fixed to both ends of the support shaft are engaged with the gears D, A. The pressure gauge does not rotate relative to the valve main bodies when a handle is rotated.

Abstract: The present invention lessens the amount of air entering between mating membranes of a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor of the present invention includes a transducer portion and separate patient or medical fluid transfer portion or dome. The transducer portion is reusable and the dome is disposable. The dome defines a fluid flow chamber that is bounded on one side by a dome membrane. Likewise, the transducer is mounted inside a housing, wherein the housing defines a surface that holds a transducer membrane. The two membranes mate when the dome is fitted onto the transducer housing. The pressure sensor enhances the seal between the mated membranes by creating higher localized contact stresses. The pressure sensor also reduces the amount of gas that permeates from the fluid chamber across the dome membrane and between the interface by making the dome membrane from a material having a low vapor transmission.

Abstract: A spray gun having a gun body; a nozzle assembly arranged on the gun body; a compressed air supply channel located in the gun body, controlled by a valve assembly, a regulator for adjusting the supply of the spray material, an actuating element for actuating the valve assembly) and the regulator and a pressure measuring device. A pressure measuring device, resistant to dirt, that contains a pressure sensor integrated into the gun body and is connected to the compressed air supply channel via a capillary (43) located within the gun body.

Abstract: Systems and methods for digitally controlling sensors. In one embodiment, a digital controller for a capacitance diaphragm gauge is embedded in a digital signal processor (DSP). The controller receives digitized input from a sensor AFE via a variable gain module, a zero offset module and an analog-to-digital converter. The controller automatically calibrates the received input by adjusting the variable gain and zero offset modules. The controller also monitors and adjusts a heater assembly to maintain an appropriate temperature at the sensor. The controller utilizes a kernel module that allocates processing resources to the various tasks of a gauge controller module. The kernel module repetitively executes iterations of a loop, wherein in each iteration, all of a set of high priority tasks are performed and one of a set of lower priority tasks are performed. The controller module thereby provides sensor measurement output at precisely periodic intervals, while performing ancillary functions as well.

Abstract: An air flow control device, such as an air diffuser (21) with a differential pressure sensing assembly. The diffuser (21) has a housing (29) formed for mounting to a supply air conduit (22) for discharge of supply air (54) into a room (56). The differential pressure sensing assembly includes a diffuser-mounted portion (41) and a detachable sensor portion (40). The diffuser mounted portion (41) is provided by a pressure tube (42) having at least one opening (43) therein mounted to the housing (29) with the opening (43) positioned proximate an area of known cross section to communicate pressure at the opening (43) to an open distal end (46) of the tube (42). The distal end (46) is secured in a position accessible from a room side (51) of the housing (29).

Abstract: A drainage device comprising an improved vacuum regulator assembly is disclosed which includes an adjustable knob for indicating the degree of vacuum being applied to the device from a number of incident viewing angles. Similarly, a vacuum indicator assembly is provided for indicating the presence or absence of vacuum being applied to drainage device. The indicator assembly provides an indication of vacuum inside drainage device from many viewing angles and includes a base defining a recess having a slanted surface with a vacuum symbol which is selectively masked by a collapsible thimble when vacuum is applied or removed from the drainage device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the vacuum gripping strength of a vacuum wand or robotic arm provides a pressure gauge and a conduit extending from the pressure gauge and terminating at an opening formed in a receiving surface. A vacuum wand head is positioned on the receiving surface such that the gripping surface of the vacuum wand forms a conterminous boundary with the receiving surface and the vacuum port of the vacuum wand is aligned over the opening formed in the receiving surface. The receiving surface replicates a wafer surface so that the same vacuum gripping strength as would be delivered to a wafer being gripped by the vacuum wand, is thereby sensed by the pressure gauge. Spring loaded positioning members act in conjunction with a clamp member and a mechanical stop position the vacuum wand head in the receiving area and over the opening and also to assure that the gripping surface of the vacuum wand head is flush against the surface of the receiving area.

Abstract: The invention provides a pressure detection indication device with a simple structure. The pressure detection indication device 1 comprises a main body 11 having an internal space 111 of the body communicating with a space to be subjected to pressure detection, a case 12 having an internal space 121 of the case communicating with a space different from that communicated with the internal space 111, a diaphragm 14 airtightly separating the internal space 111 of the body from the internal space 121 of the case, an indication mark disposed on the diaphragm and placed in the internal space of the case, a lens 13 disposed within the case, a stopper member 15 attached to the diaphragm 14, a biasing means 17 for biasing the diaphragm 14 toward the lens, and a stopper receive surface 117 provided in the internal space 111.

Abstract: The present invention provides a spark plug coil and pressure sensor assembly for providing a spark to a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The assembly comprises a spark plug configured for mounting in a cylinder and a pressure sensor associated with the spark plug configured to detect a pressure in the cylinder and generate a pressure signal in response thereto. The assembly includes a first electrically conductive ring connector configured to receive the pressure signal and a housing having a main axis and having at least one electrically conductive leaf spring member. The leaf spring member is configured to resiliently engage the first electrically conductive ring connector over a first predetermined circumferential angle relative to the main axis of the coil housing.

Abstract: A probe includes a first tube having a first end positioned at a measurement location, and a second end; a second tube having a first end, and a second end; a connector having a transducer for connecting the second end of the first tube to the second end of the second tube; and a terminating element attached to the first end of the second tube, wherein the second tube is of a length sufficient to substantially eliminate the incidence of resonance.

Abstract: This invention relates to a differential pressure sensor, one embodiment of which is a microphone. The differential pressure sensor comprises: a flexible membrane (7) made of conductive material, which membrane forms a first electrode of the differential pressure sensor, and a perforated plate (6) made of conductive material, which plate is essentially more rigid than said membrane (7), which plate is arranged at a distance from the membrane, and which plate forms a second electrode of the differential pressure sensor. In order to provide a differential pressure sensor with as good properties as possible, the differential pressure sensor comprises a substrate (4), a cavity (10) extending through the substrate, the walls of which cavity are formed of said substrate (4). The membrane (7) is closely connected to the walls of the cavity (10), whereby the membrane forms a dense wall in said cavity, and said perforated plate (6, 6?) has been attached to the substrate with an insulating layer (5).

Abstract: A method and pressure-sensor system provide a digital-frequency output linearly proportional to a sensed pressure. The system comprises a MEMS pressure-sensing element to provide a pressure-sensing output and voltage-to-frequency converter provide the digital-frequency output. The pressure-sensor system may also comprise an amplifier to provide an output voltage linearly proportional to the pressure. A temperature sensor and temperature-compensation circuitry provide a temperature-compensation signal to the amplifier to at least partially offset the effects of temperature on the system. Some embodiments of the present invention comprise a microcontroller system comprising a microcontroller and an RF transmitter. The microcontroller may receive the digital-frequency output and may generate a notification signal when the sensed pressure is inside or outside a predetermined pressure range.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus and method for making output signal (AC voltage) levels of MEMS capacitive sensors uniform, each including a microstructure being displaced by a certain force and a fixed electrode for detecting capacitance variation caused by gap size difference between the microstructure and the fixed electrode, the apparatus and method comprising so as to apply actuating current of a predetermined frequency to the microstructure, output a sensing signal of the fixed electrode while receiving a reference offset voltage, compare an RMS level of the sensing signal with a preset RMS level, and then adjust the reference offset voltage of the fixed electrode so that the sensing signal made equal to a target level.

Abstract: A pressure measuring structure of a hot air generator is provided.

Abstract: A differential pressure sensor for sensing changes in pressure at a desired location, which sensor includes a sensing portion and a reference portion to produce an output indicative of the difference therebetween, both the sensing portion and the reference portion being open to the pressure around the sensor until the sensor is located in the desired sensing location and then the reference portion is closed to capture the pressure then existing at the desired location and any pressure changes thereafter producing signals indicative of the pressure differences.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to almost completely prevent relative rotation between a pressure gauge and valve main bodies. A gear D is fixed to a pressure gauge guide connected to the pressure gauge. A gear A having the same axis as the gear D is fixed to the valve bodies. A support shaft is rotatably inserted into an insertion hole at a non-center position of a bottom portion of a pressure adjustment guide. Gears C, B fixed to both ends of the support shaft are engaged with the gears D, A. The pressure gauge does not rotate relative to the valve main bodies when a handle is rotated.

Abstract: An abdominal/back muscle member 19 tightly surrounds narrowed portions 172 and 182 of an upper and a lower body members 17 and 18 of a lumbar assembly of human lumbar model structure. Shoulders 173 and 183 are formed at the bounds of the narrowed portion 172 and 182 from the remaining upper and lower portions of the upper body member and the lower body member 17 and 18 with a radial height larger than the thickness of the abdominal/back muscle member 19 to form hood-like radial flanges protruding from the outer upper and lower edges of the muscle member. The hood-like radial flanges effectively prevent the upper and lower edges of the muscle 19 from going over the shoulders, even if the maximum vertical loading is applied to the structure.

Abstract: A sensor component that may be used in conjunction with a filter module may include a plurality of sensor packages. The latter, in turn, may incorporate one or more micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) sensors to measure various characteristics of fluid flow and filtration. A single sensor component may be adapted to measure the pressure, temperature, flow rate, differential pressure, conductivity, viscosity, pH level, etc. of the fluid at an upstream and a downstream location. Sensor measurements may be obtained continuously in order to monitor and indicate fluid conditions, including the use of a warning mechanism to indicate an out-of-range condition when the measurements fall outside of pre-set limits. Depending on the application and the fluid being filtered, data, including measurement data, may be transmitted through electrical connections or wirelessly. In wireless configurations, a sleep-mode may be included to maximize the life of local power supplies.

Abstract: To provide a portable pressure measuring apparatus with a pressure sensor of highly accurate output and small electric power consumption. A pressure measuring apparatus of the invention is provided with an impedance bridge circuit (pressure sensor part) for measuring pressure; a drive unit (sensor driving part) for applying voltage to the above impedance bridge circuit; a measuring unit (voltmeter) for sampling and measuring the electric potential difference between the middle points in both arms of the above impedance bridge circuit at a fixed time interval; and a determining unit (control part) for determining whether the difference between the pressure this time and the previous pressure sampled and measured by the above measuring unit reaches a predetermined threshold or below.