Abstract: A hardness tester includes: an image capture control portion for obtaining an image data of the surface of the sample by controlling and making an image capture portion capture an image of the surface; an impression region extracting portion that binarizes the image data, applies reduction/expansion processing to the binarized image data, applies a distance conversion processing to the reduction/expansion processed image data, and extracts a closed region corresponding to a contour of the indenter by using the distance-converted image data; an impression vertex extracting portion that estimates the vertex for measuring the impression based on a profile of the closed region and extracts a point in the binarized image data, as the vertex for measuring the impression, that agrees with a predetermined condition; and a hardness calculating portion for calculating hardness of the sample based on the vertexes for measuring the impression.

Abstract: A hardness tester having an image capturer capturing an indentation image, a data memory, an automatic size-scanning program scanning an indentation size, and a hardness calculation program includes: an identification information providing program providing image data with test specimen identification information and indentation identification information; a memory control program having the image data associated with the identification information stored; a specifying program specifying, when a scanning error occurs, identification information of image data in which the scanning error has occurred; an obtaining program obtaining the image data from the data memory based on the specified identification information; and a re-scanner (a display, an operator, and a manual size-calculation program) re-scanning an indentation size from the obtained image data.

Abstract: A new type of indenter is described. This device combines certain sensing and structural elements of atomic force microscopy with a module designed for the use of indentation probes, conventional diamond and otherwise, as well as unconventional designs, to produce high resolution and otherwise superior indentation measurements.

Abstract: A hardness tester includes a CCD camera, a monitor, a clipper (a CPU and a clipping program), and a display controller (the CPU and a display control program). The CCD camera captures an image of an indentation formed on a surface of a specimen via field lenses. The monitor displays the image of the indentation captured by the CCD camera. The clipper clips a plurality of regions from the image of the indentation captured by the CCD camera, the plurality of regions each containing a respective vertex. The display controller simultaneously displays on the monitor images of the plurality of regions clipped by the clipper.

Abstract: A hardness tester includes an image pickup control section, an indentation region extraction section, an indentation apex extraction section and a hardness calculation section. The image pickup control section obtains picked-up image data of a sample's surface. The region extraction section binarizes the image data, determines based on the binarized image data whether an indentation region candidate is extracted, and when determining that the candidate is not extracted, obtains curvature image data, binarizes the curvature image data, erodes and dilates the binarized curvature image data, performs distance transform on the eroded-and-dilated curvature image data, and extracts a closed region corresponding to the indenter's shape using the distance-transformed curvature image data. The apex extraction section extracts an indentation-measurement-use apex based on the closed region. The hardness calculation section calculates the sample's hardness based on the apex.

Abstract: There are provided a method for measuring strength of a chemically strengthened glass, that reflects the state of actual drop fracture more appropriately, and can reproduce slow cracking in the chemically strengthened glass, a method for reproducing cracking of a chemically strengthened glass, and a method for producing a chemically strengthened glass. Load is applied to an indenter having a tip formed into a sharp shape having a minimum angle ?min of cross-section of less than 120°, the indenter is pushed into a chemically strengthened glass under a static load condition such that the tip is vertical to a surface of the chemically strengthened glass, and the load when the chemically strengthened glass cracks is measured.

Abstract: A hardness tester and testing method including a focuser, an image capturer, a test position setter, a focus position memory, an indentation creator, an image capture controller, and a measurer. The focuser focuses on the surface of the specimen. The image capturer captures an image of the surface of the specimen. The test position setter sets a test position at which the indentation is formed. The focus position memory measures a focus position, then associates the focus position with a test position within a predetermined range and stores the information in a memory. The indentation creator forms the indentation at the test position with the indenter. The image capture controller displaces the specimen, then captures an image of the formed indentation through the first field lens. The measurer measures the hardness of the specimen based on the indentation whose image has been captured.

Abstract: A hardness test method performed by a controller of a hardness tester includes a first measurement process measuring an indentation curve (indentation history curve) for a plurality of times under a same condition with respect to a test specimen for verification in a predetermined environment; a setting process setting an acceptable range of variation in a load loading curve based on load loading curves (load loading history curves) of the plurality of the indentation curves obtained by the first measurement process; a second measurement process measuring an indentation curve under a same condition as the first measurement process with respect to the test specimen in an actual usage environment; and a judging process judging whether a load loading curve of the indentation curve measured by the second measurement process is within the acceptable range of variation in a load loading curve set by the setting process.

Abstract: In the measurement method, a vibrator (5) of a detection unit (4) is relatively moved against a plate (3) of which surface is flat having predetermined area. The vibrator (5) which is vibrating is moved closer to a surface of an object-to-be-measured (1) which is mounted on the plate (3) until the frequency thereof is varied. A position where the frequency of the vibrator (5) is varied is output as a contact position where the vibrator (5) is contacted to the object-to-be-measured (1). Then, thickness of the object-to-be-measured (1) is measured by comparing the position where the vibrator (5) is contacted to the object-to-be-measured (1) with a surface position of the plate (3).

Abstract: A hardness tester has a test force applier generating a test force using an electromagnetic force generated by supplying a current to a drive coil provided in a magnetic field and applies the test force to an indenter to press the indenter into a surface of a sample; a temperature detector detecting a temperature of the test force applier; and a test force corrector correcting the test force generated from the test force applier based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector.

Abstract: A hardness testing device has at least one penetrator (9), arranged on a holder (15), for producing an impression (27) in an object under test (3) and at least one lens (12) for detecting at least one measure of the impression (27) in the object under test (3), which can be positioned alternately over the object under test (3). The holder (15) is mounted on the hardness testing device (6) in such a way as to be able to rotate around its longitudinal axis.

Abstract: The hardness tester includes a plurality of weights; a transmission mechanism transmitting to an indenter a force of gravity acting on the weights; and a test force switching mechanism switching between magnitudes of a test force. The weights include hollow portions running through the weights in a vertical direction; and accommodation portions formed so as to be capable of accommodating the weight directly below. Outside tapered portions are provided to an exterior surface of the weights and inside tapered portions are provided to an interior surface of the accommodation portions. The transmission mechanism includes a shaft member and a weight engagement portion capable of being accommodated by the bottom-most accommodation portion to engage a weight. The weight engagement portion includes a tapered portion engaging the weight to regulate horizontal-direction displacement. A predetermined gap is reserved between the hollow portions and the shaft member.

Abstract: Performance of a sport equipment, such as a ball bat, is measured by applying a force through a spring of known elastic properties to compress the sport equipment and indicating compliance of the sport equipment to a known standard based on the compression of the sport equipment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus using a sample test container filled with beverage, a penetrator holder, a penetrator and release means is disclosed. In the method a sample, is drawn into the test container and the penetrator dropped into the sample, and a reading of the stiffness of the sample is made based on the depth of penetration of the penetrator onto the sample.

Abstract: For selecting suitable bonding parameters for forming wire bonds onto bond pads of a substrate, one or more indentations are made onto at least one bond pad of the substrate with an indentation tool by applying a series of predetermined forces onto the at least one bond pad with the indentation tool. A depth-force profile of the substrate is measured comprising a relationship between each predetermined force that is applied and a resultant depth of the indentation made by the indentation tool. An appropriate set of bonding parameters suitable for forming wire bonds on the substrate is determined based on the measured depth-force profile.

Abstract: A portable handheld consistometer that includes a probe having a shaft and a probe tip attached to a first end of the shaft. In an embodiment, the probe tip has a cross-sectional area greater than that of the shaft, the probe configured to be inserted into a material to measure the consistency thereof. In an embodiment, a force sensor is attached to a second end of the shaft opposite the first end. The force sensor is coupled to processing circuitry, and is configured to measure the force with which the probe tip penetrates the material. In an embodiment, a distance sensor is coupled to the processing circuitry. The distance sensor is configured to measure the distance that the probe tip penetrates into the material. Further; the handheld consistometer includes a display screen coupled to the processing circuitry and configured to display the results of consistency measurements.

Abstract: A hardness test method includes a measurement step of forming an indent by indenting a surface of a sample with an indenter loaded with a predetermined load and detecting a displacement quantity of the indenter and a test force loaded on the indenter at a time of forming the indent to measure an indentation curve, a work load calculation step of calculating a work load by plastic deformation (Wp) from an area of an indentation curve obtained by the measurement step, and an estimation calculation step of calculating an estimation (HVe) of Vickers hardness by using the work load (Wp), calculated at the work load calculation step, and a previously determined coefficient K in conformity with HVe=(K/Wp)2.

Abstract: An indentation assembly for sub-micron testing includes an indentation tip and a tip holder coupled with the indentation tip. The tip holder includes a first thermal conductivity and a first coefficient of thermal expansion. A tip holder mount configured for coupling with a transducer and the tip holder, the tip holder mount having a second thermal conductivity greater than the first thermal conductivity, and the tip holder mount has a second coefficient of thermal expansion greater than the first coefficient of thermal expansion. The tip holder mount has a mount length, and the tip holder further has a tip holder length greater that the mount length. The tip holder remotely positions the tip holder mount relative to the indentation tip. The tip holder length, volume and the first thermal conductivity cooperate to throttle heat transfer through the tip holder prior to reaching the tip holder mount.

Abstract: A hardness tester having an image capturer capturing an indentation image, a data memory, an automatic size-scanning program scanning an indentation size, and a hardness calculation program includes: an identification information providing program providing image data with test specimen identification information and indentation identification information; a memory control program having the image data associated with the identification information stored; a specifying program specifying, when a scanning error occurs, identification information of image data in which the scanning error has occurred; an obtaining program obtaining the image data from the data memory based on the specified identification information; and a re-scanner (a display, an operator, and a manual size-calculation program) re-scanning an indentation size from the obtained image data.

Abstract: Method for measuring the hardness of agricultural products includes: implementing a test program suitable for identifying and selecting one or more indices (S3, S4) which can be measured with a non-destructive test on a respective product/fruit, correlated with the hardness (Du) of the same product/fruit, measured by a respective penetration test; and calculating the coefficients that define the straight line representative of the linear correlation between said indices and the hardness for the respective product. The method is implemented with the operations of: applying on the product a dynamic force, preferably of impulsive type; detecting the mechanical reaction through at least a piezoelectric transducer capable of generating an electric signal based on the application or transmission of said dynamic force through the respective kiwi fruit; and analyzing said electric signal relative to the fruit.

Abstract: Indentation tester capable of adjusting vertical-direction positioning drift due to individual differences of an indenter when indenters are switched includes an adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism adjusts relative vertical-direction positions of a displacement sensor movable portion and a displacement sensor fixed portion. The adjustment mechanism includes a first hollow disk having a spiraling surface formed on a bottom surface; and a second hollow disk having a spiraling surface formed on a top surface. The spiraling surface of the second hollow disk has a thread equal to that of the spiraling surface of the first hollow disk. The first hollow disk rests on the second hollow disk such that the bottom surface of the first hollow disk is overlaid on the top surface of the second hollow disk. The first hollow disk and the second hollow disk are capable of rotation on a center axis of an indenter column.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for testing properties of a hard component. The apparatus includes a holder, a component, an indenter, a sensor holder, and an acoustic sensor. The holder includes a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The first end defines a first cavity extending towards the second end. The component is positioned in the first cavity. The indenter is positioned adjacent to a portion of the component and applies a load onto the component. The sensor holder includes an upper portion, a lower portion, and a second cavity therein. The upper portion is coupled to the second end. The sensor is positioned within the second cavity. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a rod coupled to the lower portion. The rod has a lower acoustic impedance than the sensor holder, thereby allowing sound waves to pass through the sensor holder and not be reflected back into the sensor.

Abstract: A portable Brinell metal hardness tester has a test head mounted in a carriage, movable vertically along elevating screws, and includes an adjustable valve for relieving hydraulic pressure within the test head where the valve includes a stem, an interior member, and an intermediate member.

Abstract: This invention provides a measurable, easy and inexpensive way to gauge the ripeness/hardness of the interior of a fruit without cutting into it.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a trend in vertical track modulus are disclosed in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Vertical deflection data is collected along a particular section of railroad track. A first set of vertical track modulus is determined, based in part, on the collected vertical deflection data. At a second time, vertical deflection data is again collected along the particular section of railroad track to be used in determining a second set of vertical track modulus. At least the first and second sets of vertical track modulus are analyzed to determine a mathematical algorithm that facilitates developing a trend in the vertical track modulus of the railroad track.

Abstract: A hardness tester includes a monitor capable of displaying a main screen and an assistant screen; a first test location setter setting an indentation formation location on a test specimen for an initial test; and a second test location setter setting an indentation formation location on the test specimen for a retest. The second test location setter judges whether a new indentation formation location is suitable for a test based on a surface image of the test specimen and a setting condition obtained during the initial test, and, in a case where it is judged that the new indentation formation location is unsuitable for a test, sets again a coordinate point different from the coordinate point of the new indentation formation location as another new indentation formation location.

Abstract: A hardness tester includes a monitor capable of displaying a main screen and assistant screen. A first test location setter sets a coordinate point of an indentation formation location, and stores a setting condition of the set coordinate point and the surface image of a first test specimen. A second test location setter displays the surface image of the first test specimen in the assistant screen when a surface image of a second test specimen is displayed on the main screen, and, when a reference coordinate is set on the surface image of the second test specimen, determines a coordinate point of an indentation formation location based on the set reference coordinate and the setting condition of the coordinate point stored by the first test location setter.

Abstract: A hardness tester capable of facilitating positioning of a sample even when the hardness tester includes a manual XY stage. The hardness tester includes an XY stage displacing a sample stage in a horizontal direction; a CCD camera capturing an image of a sample surface via an objective lens; a monitor displaying the image of the sample surface captured by the CCD camera; an operator specifying a test position at which an indentation is to be formed, the test position being specified on the image displayed on the display; and a CPU calculating, in conjunction with displacement of the XY stage, an amount of offset in the XY direction between the test position and a center position of the indenter when forming the indentation, then displaying the calculated amount of offset on the display.

Abstract: A penetration head and related apparatuses are placed within a void to measure the in-place compressive strength of the surrounding material. An electronic load cell is attached to the penetration head and is forced against an opposite side of the void. A hydraulic ram or other device is connected between the penetration head and load cell. As the hydraulic ram pushes the penetration head and load cell in opposite directions and into the interior walls of the void, penetration depth is measured and mapped to load and material hardness is derived.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a piezoelectric element including a piezoelectric layer made of a piezoelectric material and an electrode disposed on the piezoelectric layer. The piezoelectric material is such that when a diamond conical indenter having an angle ? of 136° between opposite faces is pressed into the piezoelectric layer at a load of 5 gf for 5 seconds to form cracks extending from an indentation, using a micro Vickers hardness meter, the length of the cracks from four corners of the indentation is 15 ?m or less.

Abstract: A hardness tester includes an image pickup control section, an indentation region extraction section, an indentation apex extraction section and a hardness calculation section. The image pickup control section obtains picked-up image data of a sample's surface. The region extraction section binarizes the image data, determines based on the binarized image data whether an indentation region candidate is extracted, and when determining that the candidate is not extracted, obtains curvature image data, binarizes the curvature image data, erodes and dilates the binarized curvature image data, performs distance transform on the eroded-and-dilated curvature image data, and extracts a closed region corresponding to the indenter's shape using the distance-transformed curvature image data. The apex extraction section extracts an indentation-measurement-use apex based on the closed region. The hardness calculation section calculates the sample's hardness based on the apex.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical transducer and test system is disclosed. One embodiment includes a body, a probe moveable relative to the body, and a micromachined comb drive. The micromachined comb drive includes a plurality of sensing capacitors forming a differential capacitive displacement sensor, each sensing capacitor comprising a plurality of comb capacitors and each configured to provide capacitance levels which, together, are representative of a position of the probe.

Abstract: A system and method of measuring an interaction force is disclosed. One embodiment includes providing a method of measuring an interaction force including providing a microelectromechanical transducer. The transducer includes a body, a probe moveable relative to the body, and a micromachined comb drive. The micromachined comb drive includes a differential capacitive displacement sensor to provide a sensor output signal representative of an interaction force on the probe. The probe is moved relative to a sample surface. An interaction force is determined between the probe and the sample surface using the sensor output, as the probe is moved relative to the sample surface.

Abstract: A hardness tester includes: an image capture control portion for obtaining an image data of the surface of the sample by controlling and making an image capture portion capture an image of the surface; an impression region extracting portion that binarizes the image data, applies reduction/expansion processing to the binarized image data, applies a distance conversion processing to the reduction/expansion processed image data, and extracts a closed region corresponding to a contour of the indenter by using the distance-converted image data; an impression vertex extracting portion that estimates the vertex for measuring the impression based on a profile of the closed region and extracts a point in the binarized image data, as the vertex for measuring the impression, that agrees with a predetermined condition; and a hardness calculating portion for calculating hardness of the sample based on the vertexes for measuring the impression.

Abstract: An acoustic emissions testing device includes a rock sample including a first surface, an acoustic sensor, an indenter coupled to the first surface, and a load. The load is exerted on the indenter, which transfers the load to the first surface. The acoustic sensor is communicably coupled to the rock sample and detects one or more acoustic events occurring within the rock sample. An acoustic emissions testing system includes a data recorder coupled to the testing device. The data recorder records the data from testing device. Based upon the data received, the toughness of the sample is objectively determined and can be ranked comparatively to the toughness of other samples. The load is ramped up to a peak load, held for a period of time, and then ramped down.

Abstract: Methods and instruments for assessing bone, for example fracture risk, in a subject in which a test probe is inserted through the skin of the subject so that the test probe contacts the subject's bone and the resistance of the test bone to microscopic fracture by the test probe is determined. Macroscopic bone fracture risk is assessed by measuring the resistance of the bone to microscopic fractures caused by the test probe. The microscopic fractures are so small that they pose negligible health risks. The instrument may also be useful in characterizing other materials, especially if it is necessary to penetrate a layer to get to the material to be characterized.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring mechanical properties of materials using an indenter which has a predetermined geometry, a device for generating force permitting the indenter to penetrate into a material sample surface of an object of measurement, and a device for measuring the penetration depth, wherein, arranged between a force application portion on which the device for generating force is applied and a shaft with an indenter tip facing towards the material surface of the object of measurement, the indenter has at least one micro-mechanical motion actuator by which at least one radial deflection of the shaft with respect to the force absorption portion of the indenter is capable of being activated or detected.

Abstract: A hardness tester that measures a size of an indent to determine the hardness of a sample. The hardness tester includes an imaging unit, a display unit, a pointing device and a position adjustment unit. The imaging unit takes an image of a surface of the sample. The display unit displays a surface image of the sample and a cursor. The pointing device receives a first instruction instructing a movement of the surface image of the sample appearing on the display unit through a movement of the cursor, and a second instruction instructing a change in a height of the sample stage through a movement of the cursor. The position adjustment unit moves the sample stage in a horizontal direction and in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A hardness tester includes a CCD camera, a monitor, a clipper (a CPU and a clipping program), and a display controller (the CPU and a display control program). The CCD camera captures an image of an indentation formed on a surface of a specimen via field lenses. The monitor displays the image of the indentation captured by the CCD camera. The clipper clips a plurality of regions from the image of the indentation captured by the CCD camera, the regions containing predetermined measurement points. The display controller simultaneously displays on the monitor images of the plurality of regions clipped by the clipper.

Abstract: A portable Brinell metal hardness tester has a test head mounted in a carriage, movable vertically along elevating screws, and includes an adjustable valve for relieving hydraulic pressure within the test head where the valve includes a stem, an interior member, and an intermediate member.

Abstract: A scratch testing apparatus for performing a scratching test while gradually increasing or decreasing a load, in which a pressure applied to the surface of a test specimen gradually increases or decreases as a head unit, to which a tip is attached, moves horizontally. The scratching testing apparatus includes a head unit having a bottom to which a tip attached; a guiding unit for guiding the head unit to move horizontally; and a pressure changing unit for changing pressure applied to the tip while the head unit is moving along the guiding unit. Therefore, the scratch testing apparatus may perform a scratching test as gradually increasing or gradually decreasing a load applied to the test specimen by the tip by moving the head unit, to which the tip is attached, horizontally.

Abstract: Performance of a sport equipment, such as a ball bat, is measured by applying a force through a spring of known elastic properties to compress the sport equipment and indicating compliance of the sport equipment to a known standard based on the compression of the sport equipment.

Abstract: An acoustic emissions testing device includes a pressurizable chamber, a rock sample, and one or ore acoustic sensors communicably coupled to the rock sample. The chamber includes a first chamber being pressurizable to a first pressure and a second chamber pressurizable to a second pressure. The rock sample is positioned within the pressurizable chamber such that a first portion of the sample is exposed to the first pressure and a second portion of the sample is exposed to the second pressure. The second pressure is increased to a threshold pressure, maintained at the threshold pressure for a time period, and then decreased. The acoustic sensors detect one or more acoustic events occurring within the rock sample. In certain embodiments, one or more of the intensity, the spatial location, and the propagating direction for one or more acoustic events are determinable. The system includes the testing device coupled to a recorder.

Abstract: A hardness tester and testing method including a focuser, an image capturer, a test position setter, a focus position memory, an indentation creator, an image capture controller, and a measurer. The focuser focuses on the surface of the specimen. The image capturer captures an image of the surface of the specimen. The test position setter sets a test position at which the indentation is formed. The focus position memory measures a focus position, then associates the focus position with a test position within a predetermined range and stores the information in a memory. The indentation creator forms the indentation at the test position with the indenter. The image capture controller displaces the specimen, then captures an image of the formed indentation through the first field lens. The measurer measures the hardness of the specimen based on the indentation whose image has been captured.

Abstract: The meat tenderness tester is a hand held tool that includes a rotatable elongate shaft, which can be stuck into meat at a precise depth and rotated by a motor disposed in the tool. The shaft has various configurations that allow it to be inserted into the meat and withdrawn without destroying the meat being tested. Fin-like members disposed on the shaft create a measurable resistance to rotation that is measured by a torque sensing part of the motor. A digital display on the housing body reads out this mechanical resistance (torque) in a calibrated measurement of the shear forces encountered by the rotating shaft; the measurement indicating a degree of tenderness of the meat cut being tested. The shaft has a tapered, pointed end that allows it to be inserted and withdrawn without damaging the meat product under test.

Abstract: A system and method for automated piezoelectric sensor-based tactile sorting of plurality of small objects. A high accuracy, high precision delivery system targets the sensor which accounts for softness and mass of individual objects by measuring a force exerted and total contact time for each object upon passing contact with a sensing surface of a piezo sensor, wherein a plurality of objects cascade onto the sensor in one-by-one fashion. The quantified force and contact time values are then analyzed and compared against two threshold values or a range of threshold values which are predetermined and preset based on data from optimal objects and undesirable objects or possibly a spectrum of objects which has been analyzed and recorded to assist in calibrating the system.

Abstract: An oscillation arm moves in a seesaw fashion about an oscillation axis which is supported by a support rod and which serves as a fulcrum. A rotation arm and a pressurizer are provided on one end of the oscillation arm. One end of the rotation arm is rotatably attached to the oscillation arm, and a load weight is placed on the other end of the rotation arm. By rotating the rotation arm, the magnitude of a force to be applied by the load weight to the pressurizer is adjusted. More specifically, by displacing the load weight to a predetermined position by rotation and then causing the load weight to stop at this position, a static load corresponding to the rotation angle can be applied to the pressurizer. Further, by causing the load weight to perform rotational motion, the magnitude of the force to be applied to the pressurizer is periodically varied, so that a load which varies periodically can be applied to hard tissue.

Abstract: A living body measurement apparatus according to the present invention functions both as a muscular tissue hardness tester for measuring hardness of muscular tissue of a living body and as an algesiometer for measuring a degree of sense of pain of the living body, and the apparatus includes: an contacting section which includes a first contact surface contacting the living body, and which applies pressure to the living body; an auxiliary section which includes a second contact surface contacting the living body, and which supports the second contact surface so that the second contact surface perform reciprocating movement between a coplanar position in which the second contact surface is disposed substantially coplanar with the first contact surface and a retracted position in which the second contact surface is retracted with respect to the first contact surface; and a locking mechanism which locks the auxiliary section in a state in which the second contact surface is disposed at the retracted position.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new portable device with no solid frame, which makes it possible to carry out instrumented indentation of a material to deduct its mechanical properties. Continuous or instrumented indentation consists in measuring the force and displacement when an indenter is pushed into the tested material. The device is made up of a sleeve with a reduced volume and its lower base, which may be of variable shapes adapted to that of the material to test, a piston sliding in the sleeve, the displacement of which is controlled by the hand of a user, a manipulating arm, a mechanical column or a robot, an elastic ring or a spring limiting the displacement of the piston, three displacement sensors arranged in an equilateral triangle around a single-piece indenter having any shape, and a force sensor that makes it possible to measure the change in the force depending on the depression made by the indenter in the tested material.

Abstract: An acoustic emissions testing device includes a testing sample including a hard surface, an acoustic sensor, an indenter coupled to the hard surface, and a load. The load is exerted on the indenter, which transfers the load to the hard surface. The acoustic sensor is communicably coupled to the testing sample and detects one or more acoustic events occurring within the testing sample. An acoustic emissions testing system includes a data recorder coupled to the testing device. The data recorder records the data from testing device. Based upon the data received, the toughness of the sample is objectively determined and can be ranked comparatively to the toughness of other samples. The load is ramped up to a peak load, held for a period of time, and then ramped down.