Abstract: A method and device for measuring the flow of a liquid utilizes at least one carbon nanotube. More particularly, the velocity of a liquid along the direction of the flow is measured as a function of the current/voltage generated in at least one carbon nanotube due to the flow of the liquid along its surface.

Abstract: A dynamic pressure probe includes a holder body having a first passage therein adapted to receive a pressure signal, a pressure sensor including at least a pressure sensing portion located within a sleeve seated within a pressure sensor housing portion, the sleeve engaged with a wall of the housing portion; the pressure sensor including a diaphragm having one face exposed to a pressure chamber within the sleeve between the pressure sensor and the wall; wherein an aperture in the wall of the housing connects the pressure chamber to the first passage; and wherein the first passage continues axially beyond the aperture in a flow direction an acoustic damping coil wound about a vertical axis.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a measuring apparatus (1) is thus proposed to determine the flow (Q) of a fluid (2), which comprises a hollow body (3), which has an inflow (4) and an outflow (5) for the fluid (2). A magnetic sample (6) is movably arranged in the hollow body (3) and can be acted upon with a working pressure by the fluid (2).

Abstract: A magnetoinductive flowmeter that serves to measure the flow rate of a moving medium incorporates a measuring conduit, a sampling-electrode channel extending through the wall of the measuring conduit, and a sampling electrode, which sampling electrode is positioned in the sampling-electrode channel in such fashion that its sampling-electrode head is recessed from the inner wall of the measuring conduit. A section of the sampling-electrode channel located in front of the sampling-electrode head and extending up to the interior of the measuring conduit is left as a free space. This results in an improved signal-to-noise ratio of a voltage signal collected at the sampling electrode.

Abstract: Projecting ends of terminal conductors projecting out of a thick portion of a holder and electrode terminals of a flow rate detecting element are electrically connected by bonding wires. A peripheral wall member is secured by an adhesive to a thin portion of the holder and the flow rate detecting element so as to surround the electrical connection portions between the projecting ends and the bonding wires and between the electrode terminals and the bonding wires. A gel is formed so as to seal the electrical connection portions, and a rubber is injected into and cured inside the peripheral wall member so as to seal the gel.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring mass flow rate of fluid materials including a rotationally oscillating probe attached to a support at one of its ends and adapted for extension into a flow stream. The fluid flowing thereabout interacts with the probe to produce an oscillatory Magnus lift force that is distributed along the portion of the probe exposed to the fluid stream and is directed substantially perpendicular to both the direction of fluid flow and to the rotational axis of the probe. The amplitude of the rotational oscillation is related to the fluid's mass flow rate and is determined using motion-responsive sensors. Electronic circuitry and processor means convert electrical signals generated by the sensors to develop an output signal proportional to mass flow rate. The probe assembly can be implemented in various forms including “concentric tuning fork”, “linear rotational tuning fork” and “parallel rotational tuning fork” arrangements.

Abstract: A device for measuring the rate of flow of fluids in a conduit is positioned within the conduit and includes a tube having two spaced part detectors which are separated by shielding units either side of them which are not in electrical contact with the detector units, when a variable electrical field is applied between the walls of the conduit and the shielding units the detector units detect discontinuities in the fluid, e.g., by detecting changes in the ratio of voltage to current and by correlating the movement of the discontinuities between the detector units, it is possible to measure the rate of flow of the fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring a fluid system particularly suited for use with high pressure liquid chromatography systems. The apparatus monitors seal leakage as well as the general wellness of the apparatus and can thus be used to provide preventive maintenance feedback. The apparatus includes a liquid chamber, a wash chamber, a reservoir, a supply pump, a return line, and a detector. The liquid chamber includes a seal for sealing a fluid within the liquid chamber. The wash chamber is located adjacent the seal. The reservoir supplies a wash solution to the wash chamber. The supply pump supplies a unidirectional flow of wash solution from the reservoir to the wash chamber. The return line conveys a return flow from the wash chamber to the reservoir, in which the return flow includes any leakage of the fluid from the liquid chamber into the wash chamber and the portion of the wash solution that returns from the wash chamber to the reservoir.

Abstract: A magnetic flowmeter with an improved liquid conduction indication has a flowtube assembly with a passage for liquid flow and has an electromagnet mounted outside the passage that provides ramped magnetic excitation. An electrode circuit couples through the passage and generates ramp spikes and a flow signal. A processor receiving the flow signal and generating a flow rate output. The processor also receives the ramp spikes and generates a filtered integral of the ramp spikes as a liquid conduction or empty pipe indication.

Abstract: In a method for producing a diaphragm sensor unit having a semiconductor material substrate, a flat diaphragm and an insulating well for thermal insulation below the diaphragm are generated, for the formation of sensor element structures for at least one sensor. The substrate, made of semiconductor material, in a specified region, which defines sensor element structures, receives a deliberately different doping from the surrounding semiconductor material, that porous semiconductor material is generated from semiconductor material sections between the regions distinguished by doping, and semiconductor material in the well region under semiconductor is rendered porous and under parts of the sensor element structure is removed and/or rendered porous.

Abstract: In a method and device for measuring at least one parameter of a metal bed, measuring is obtained by a magnetic field being generated from one side of the metal bed so that eddy currents are generated in the metal bed as the metal bed moves relative to the magnetic field. The metal bed and the magnetic field are made to move relative to one another. A force related to the eddy currents affects a body and the action of the force on the body is detected by a detecting device, the detected force being a function of a desired parameter of the metal bed.

Abstract: A protecting tube 51 is disposed inside the mixed phase container 1 with one end fixed to the inside of the mixed phase container 1 and the other end projecting freely into the mixed phase container 1. A detecting rod 60 is inserted into the free end of said protecting tube 51 and fixed to the protecting tube 51 with a part of the detecting rod 60. Magnets 61 are mounted in a uniform magnetic flux on the free end of the detecting rod 60 and is movable about a point F1 of the detecting rod 60 as a fulcrum. Agglomerates 20 in the mixed phase container 1 are detected by measuring magnetic flux fluctuations produced by movement of the magnets 61.

Abstract: The measurement of blood flow in a dialysis shunt is obtained by injection of an indicator material into a venous line leading from dialysis equipment to the shunt. The blood flow in an arterial line leading from the shunt at a location downstream of the venous line to the dialysis equipment is monitored by an arterial line sensor for the presence of the indicator material. A detector connected to the sensor provides a dilution curve in response to the presence of the indicator material and the blood flow in the shunt is calculated from the area under the dilution curve. The locations of the arterial and venous lines in the shunt can be reversed to obtain a measurement of blood recirculation from the venous line into the arterial line.

Abstract: A magnetic flowmeter for measuring flow of a conductive fluid includes a flow tube assembly adapted to receive a fluid flow and a coil configured to apply a magnetic field in the fluid flow through the flow tube. An EMF sensor coupled to the flow tube provides an EMF output related to an EMF generated in the fluid flow due to the applied magnetic field, velocity of the fluid and noise. A signal processor includes a wavelet transformer that performs a wavelet transformation on the EMF output and provides a decomposition signal related to velocity of the fluid.

Abstract: A particle detector for detecting particles flowing in a duct has a first triboelectric probe (5) for detecting the particles and a second triboelectric probe (3) for detecting a signal generated by contaminants on the particle detector. The presence of signal-generating contaminants on the particle detector will result in an error signal on the first probe (5) and a signal on the second probe (3). Therefore, the presence of a signal on the second probe (3) will indicate that the signal appearing on the first probe (5) includes an error signal. If the ratio of the magnitude of the signal generated on the second probe (3) to the magnitude of the signal generated on the first probe (5) exceeds a certain pre-defined limit, cleaning of the detector will be required.

Abstract: A flux distribution measuring apparatus measures distribution of flow rates of a flowable medium. The measuring apparatus includes thin metal wire(s) for scanning a flowable medium and lead wires connected to the thin metal wire(s), wherein a voltage difference is detected between adjacent lead wires while the measuring apparatus scans the flowable medium in the direction perpendicular to a flow path of the flowable medium. The voltage differences are generated due to temperature changes in the thin metal wire(s) while scanning the flowable medium having different flow rates. The measuring apparatus visualizes the distribution of flow rates of a flowable medium using a computer which receives and processes the voltage differences detected.

Abstract: A flow rate of a fluid flowing in a tube is quantitatively determined by altering the electrical conductivity of the fluid by injection of a bolus of saline. The electrical conductivity of the altered conductivity is measured over the time it takes the altered conductivity fluid to pass a conductivity measuring location. The measured conductivity is integrated over the time it takes to pass the conductivity measuring location. The integral is interpreted to determine the flow rate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the volumetric gas content in a two-phase flow of a medium comprising a gas phase and a liquid phase which has an unknown flow shape are provided. Simple and reliable measurements are achieved by converting the two-phase flow into a droplet flow by vortexing the gas phase and the liquid phase, such that the determination of the volumetric gas content may be carried out in the droplet flow.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring volumes and areas using electromagnetic induction techniques. A current is generated and fed into one of two coil assemblies to induce voltage into another coil assembly to provide accurate values for volume or area.

Abstract: This method reduces the cost and complexity of the manufacture of an electromagnetic flow sensor having a measuring tube (1) with an insulating liner (12) having an open-pore reinforcing body (13) embedded therein. The liner is produced in situ in the prefabricated support tube (11) rather than inserting it therein as a prefabricated component. A sintering space (41) is formed in the support tube (11) by inserting a sintering mandrel (411) with a smallest diameter greater than the smallest inside diameter of the liner (12) into the support tube (11) and fixing it therein. The support tube (11) is closed, leaving one filling aperture (414) for a granular material to be sintered. The reinforcing body (13) is formed in the support tube (11) in such a manner that it fits its lumen, by introducing the material to be sintered into the sintering space (41), sintering the material and removing the mandrel (411).

Abstract: The present invention relates to magnetic flow meters comprising a floating member, made of magnetically responsive material and residing within a tubular conduit, through which the fluid flows. The flow meters are provided with a means for producing magnetic field in the conduit. A response signal is generated upon displacement of the float member within the magnetic field by the flowing fluid. Flow rate value is obtained by processing the response signal and comparing it with a calibration curve.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting contact of a fluid delivery probe with a fluid surface and for detecting fluid flow through the probe includes a first electrode disposed along a fluid flow path of the probe upstream from a distal tip of the probe and a second electrode longitudinally spaced and electrically isolated from the first electrode and disposed at the distal tip of the probe. An oscillating signal is transmitted through the first electrode, and at least a portion of the signal is received through the second electrode. Through changes in the received signal due to the distal tip of the probe coming into contact with a fluid surface or due to fluid flow through the conduit between the first and second electrodes, fluid surface contact and fluid flow can be detected. A pressure sensor can be employed to monitor internal fluid pressure within the fluid conduit of the fluid delivery probe as a secondary, redundant means for detecting fluid flow through the conduit.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a dialysis machine to determine the volume of a dialysate flow path of the machine including a dialysate preparation tank includes the steps of introducing a known quantity of electrically conductive chemicals into the dialysate preparation tank, filling the dialysate solution flow path with water, mixing the chemicals with water to form a solution, measuring the conductivity of the solution, calculating the system volume (Vsys) according to the relation: Vsys=M/(a1r+b1) where M is the mass in grams of the chemicals, a1 and b1 are a coefficient of linearity and a constant of linearity, respectively, for the chemicals and r is the measured conductivity of the solution.

Abstract: Passive solid-state magnetic sensors are based on the combination of magnetorestrictive materials and piezoelectric materials. Sensors have applications in rotor speed detection, magnetic field detection, read heads, and MRAM, for example.

Abstract: An improvement over conventional electromagnetic flowmeters which signal a measure of flow rate by controlling the current in a current signalling loop (also known as a sensing loop) and in which power for the flowmeter is derived from the current in the signalling/sensing loop. Conventional electromagnetic flowmeters use a standard current range (typically 4-20 mA), in which zero flow is indicated by controlling the current in the loop to a minimum predeterimened value and maximum flow is indicated by controlling the current to a maximum predetermined value. In the improved flowmeter of the invention, minimum flow is signalled by maximum current in the signalling/sensing loop and maximum flow is signalled by minimum current. This has been found to enable improved accuracy to be obtained at low flow rates without requiring complex flowmeter circuitry.

Abstract: Once an oil well has been drilled and is producing, it is desirable to monitor the rate at which oil or gas is being delivered. It is particularly useful to know when there is a change in a fluid's output rate, for that can indicate problems with the well. This monitoring is known as “production logging”. Prior to the introduction of horizontal well drilling, most wells were either vertical or only slightly deviated. However, many present-day wells have long horizontal or nearly-horizontal portions, and the techniques used to measure flow in vertical wells are not applicable to horizontal wells. Moreover, any flow rate measurement technique to be used downhole should take account not only of the several sorts of “lined” wells but also the “barefoot” ones.

Abstract: As apparatus for monitoring usage of a replaceable water filter is adapted to determine the extent of filter usage and indicate the need for filter replacement. It includes elements for processing the flow of water over time to determine the extent of filter usage, and elements for activating and deactivating the processing elements upon starting and stopping of water flow. It further includes elements for indicating the extent of filter usage as determined by the processing elements by comparison to preset levels. The elements include a single magnet which is freely movable within a housing channel whose movement is solely responsive to pressure changes brought about by the stopping and starting of the water flow.

Abstract: A microelectrical resistance tomography system comprising one or more sensors, each sensor including a wafer substrate of electrically insulating material having an aperture bounding a fluid flow path through a tube and a plurality of sensor electrodes on the substrate disposed circumferentially around the aperture so as to contact the fluid.