Abstract: A system for monitoring, diagnosing, and/or controlling a flow process uses one or more flow meters based on an array of pressure sensors. A signal processor outputs at least one of a flow signal, a diagnostic signal, and a control signal in response to the pressure signals from the pressure sensors. The flow signal indicates the at least one parameter of the fluid, the diagnostic signal indicates a diagnostic condition of a device in the flow process, and the control signal is effective in adjusting an operating parameter of at least one device in the flow process. The system may be arranged as a distributed control system (DCS) architecture for monitoring a plurality of flow meters based on array-processing installed at various locations throughout a flow process.

Abstract: A chemical analysis apparatus in which a sample to be analyzed and a reagent are placed into a reaction container, and sound waves are irradiated to said reaction container so as to agitate them, wherein said chemical analysis apparatus comprises a piezoelectric element producing said sound waves, and drivers for driving said piezoelectric element, said sound waves being intermittently irradiated into said reaction container.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring one or more characteristics of a fluid flowing within a pipe is provided. The apparatus includes a housing, sealant, and an array of at least two ultrasonic sensors. The housing is operable to be mounted on the exterior surface of the pipe. The housing has at least one pocket extending between a pipe-side surface and an outer surface. The pipe-side surface mates with the exterior surface of the pipe. The sealant is disposed between the pipe exterior surface and the housing pipe-side surface. The sealant forms a seal around the pocket when the housing is mounted on the exterior surface of the pipe. The array of ultrasonic sensor units are disposed within the at least one pocket. Each sensor unit includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitters are operable to transmit ultrasonic signals through the fluid flow within the pipe. The receivers are operable to receive signals from the transmitters.

Abstract: A method of measuring blood flow including several steps. In an initial step a first ultrasound beam is oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of the blood flow to be measured. Next, the Doppler spectrum obtained from the backscattered echoes of said first ultrasound beam is measured. Subsequently, the ultrasound beam is reoriented so that the Doppler spectrum of the backscattered echoes of the ultrasound beam is substantially symmetrical around the zero frequency. The Doppler frequency of the backscattered echoes of a second ultrasound beam oriented at a fixed angle to the first ultrasound beam is then measured. Finally, the rate of blood flow is calculated based on the angle between the ultrasound beams and the measured Doppler frequency of the backscattered echoes of the second ultrasound beam.

Abstract: In a Doppler ultrasonic flowmeter, to obtain a precise flow rate a flow rate calculation equation that corrects a quantization error occurring to a spatial resolution is used. An ultrasonic transducer transmits/receives ultrasonic pulses, and subject the resulting received signals to A/D conversion after a predetermined process is applied thereto. A computation control section calculates the flow velocity distribution. Then, the flow rate is calculated based on the flow rate calculation equation, which corrects the quantization error occurring to the spatial resolution.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and methodology enable non-intrusive measurement of parameters related to fluid flow in a conduit. An acoustic sensor is located along the conduit and includes a mechanical amplifier having an acoustic input coupled to the conduit and a microphone coupled to the mechanical amplifier. The microphone receives mechanically amplified acoustic energy from the conduit and establishing first signals which are processed for generating second signals which are related to fluid flow in the conduit. The second signals can include quantitative flow data and qualitative data such as change in state and alarms. The second signals can be transmitted wirelessly to a remote site for further processing. Use of low power components and power management enable long term operations on battery power.

Abstract: A leak detector sequentially emits pulse signals toward a human body at a position at which a needle is inserted, detects pulse signals reflected inside of the human body, and measures a time interval between the emission and the detection for each of the pulse signals. Then, the leak detector calculates the difference between the measured interval and a predetermined time interval, and generates a leak warning for notification when the difference exceeds an acceptable range. Since a swelling on the surface of the human body causes a path of the pulse signal to extend, the leak detector can detect, based on the extended signal path, that the needle has come off a blood vessel.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a flow measurement device that includes: a wave guide tube type resonant cavity; a penetrating space that penetrates the resonant cavity; a duct support part that is made of a dielectric substance and is in the resonant cavity and surrounds an outside of the penetrating space; a transmitting antenna that transmits a microwave in a direction along a longitudinal axial direction of the resonant cavity to provide a standing wave or a traveling wave of the microwave, with the microwave transmitted in a space that is outside of duct support part and inside of the resonant cavity; and a receiving antenna that receives the standing wave or the traveling wave.

Abstract: A method of determining the flow rate of a fluid in a conduit. Ultrasonic energy is directed through the conduit along multiple paths. The ultrasonic energy is detected and measured using a range gated Doppler technique to determine the velocity of the fluid at several points in the conduit. These point velocities are used to calculate the average flow rate of the fluid in the conduit.

Abstract: An apparatus for ascertaining and/or monitoring volume- and/or mass-flow of a measured medium flowing in a flow direction through a measuring tube of predetermined inner diameter. The apparatus includes a plurality of ultrasonic sensors, which transmit and/or receive ultrasonic measuring signals along different, defined measuring paths, and a control/evaluation unit, which ascertains volume- and/or mass-flow of the measured medium in a pipeline/in the measuring tube on the basis of the ultrasonic measuring signals according to a sound entrainment method or the echo principle. At least two ultrasonic sensors, which transmit and/or receive the ultrasonic measuring signals on different measuring paths, are positioned in an opening located in the wall of the measuring tube.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ultrasonic Doppler flow measurment system that achieves flow measurement regardless of the temperature of a fluid. A temperature sensor 7 is combined with a pipe 1 to measure the temperature of a fluid 2. A controller 9 calculates a frequency that will cause cavitation when an ultrasonic transducer 4 exerts an ultrasonic vibration on the fluid 2 on the basis of a temperature measured by the temperature sensor 7 and controls a sinusoidal oscillator 6.

Abstract: An ultrasonic flow sensor is used in particular for measuring the volumetric or mass flow of a fluid in a pipe. The sensor includes at least one ultrasonic transducer which is capable of emitting and receiving ultrasonic signals. An ultrasonic flow sensor, having in particular a simple and cost-effective construction and which functions according to the principle of beam drift, includes an array of a plurality of ultrasonic transducers which is positioned on one side of the pipe, a reflective surface lying opposite the array on which the emitted ultrasonic signals are reflected, and a receiver electronic system which evaluates the ultrasonic signal received from the ultrasonic transducers.

Abstract: An ultrasonic flow sensor for measuring the volumetric flow rate of a flowing medium through a flow channel having a transducer array which is situated within the flow cross section of the flow channel and which generates ultrasonic waves which propagate in the flow cross section of the flow channel transversally to a flow direction of the flowing medium, the ultrasonic transducer array having an interlaid arrangement of transducer elements which act alternately as transmitting and receiving antennas, so that all emitted individual sound waves interfere to form common wave fronts.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for damping an ultrasonic signal propagating in the wall of a pipe, the apparatus including at least one damping structure for securing at least one sensor to the wall of the pipe, wherein the at least one sensor includes a transmitter component and a receiver component for transmitting and receiving an ultrasonic signal, wherein the at least one damping structure is associated with the outer wall of the pipe for damping the ultrasonic signal propagating within the wall of the pipe and a processor that defines a convective ridge in the k-? plane in response to the ultrasonic signals, and determines the slope of at least a portion of the convective ridge to determine the flow velocity of the fluid.

Abstract: System comprising at least one ultrasonic transducer (3) outside a room like a tube or vessel. The transducer is fit for transmitting and/or receiving an ultrasonic beam (6) into respectively from the interior of said room through the room's wall (2). The system comprises a matching element (5) at the interior's side of the wall, fit for matching the acoustic impedance and/or the sound speed of the wall material (2) and the those of the medium residing (1) within said room. The matching element may be mounted within a cavity in said wall, and may have a shape, at the side of the room, conforming to the room's inside shape. The matching element may have, at the side of the transducer, an arbitrarily curved shape, designed to obtain a certain desired beam directivity and/or to compensate for diffraction effects.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for measuring flow properties of a high gas-cut multiphase mixture flowing in a conduit, such as a wet-gas produced from a hydrocarbon well. In aspects of the present invention, one or more receivers are used to receive Doppler shifted signals resulting from an interaction between a propagating dominant microwave mode developed in the conduit and the high gas-cut multiphase mixture flowing in the conduit. Analysis of the Doppler shift in the received signals may provide for determining the velocity of the gas and/or the liquid phase of the high gas-cut multiphase mixture. In other aspects, analysis of the phase difference of Doppler signals received at the plurality of receivers provides for a determination of the content of the wet-gas, such as the water holdup.

Abstract: An AD2CP includes at least one transducer assembly emitting sets of slanted directional acoustic beams and receiving the echoes; and electronics that processes the echoes into depth cells and computes velocity in each depth cell. The AD2CP is configured so that each beam set has a profiling catenation, at least two of which are different, and the AD2CP is configured so that the emitting, receiving and processing operate contemporaneously.

Abstract: An acoustic method for measuring flow velocity of fluid is provided. First, a sound wave is emitted from a transduction surface of a transducer to a fluid. The transduction surface has at least two signal transduction sections. When the sound wave is scattered into a scattered signal by the fluid, the scattered signal is received by the transduction sections. According to the scattered signal, the maximum Doppler frequencies are calculated. Then, according to these maximum Doppler frequencies, the flow velocity of fluid is calculated.

Abstract: A clamp-on ultrasonic flow measuring device for determining volume and/or mass flow rate of a medium in a containment. The clamp-on ultrasonic measuring device is of low temperature sensitivity. To this end, the coupling element, through which the ultrasonic measuring signals are coupled into, and/or out of, the containment, has at least two element portions, which are embodied and/or arranged in such a manner that the predetermined in-coupling angle into the containment and/or the predetermined out-coupling angle out of the containment are/is approximately constant over an extended temperature range.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for reliable and accurate flow assurance and pipeline monitoring. More specifically but not by way of limitation, systems and methods of the present invention provide for using Doppler profiles through a pipeline section to monitor and/or measure depositing on and corrosion of a pipeline configured for flowing one or more hydrocarbons. In other embodiments of the present invention, thermal probe sensors may be used to monitor the depositing on and corrosion of the section of the pipeline. And in still further embodiments, combinations of Doppler sensors, thermal sensors and/or acoustic impedance sensors are provided with outputs from one or more of the sensors used to control one or more of the sensors or to provide for determination of flow assurance or pipeline monitoring.

Abstract: A system for determining property of multiphase fluids based on ultrasonic diffraction grating spectroscopy includes a diffraction grating on a solid in contact with the fluid. An interrogation device delivers ultrasound through the solid and a captures a reflection spectrum from the diffraction grating. The reflection spectrum exhibits peaks whose relative size depends on the properties of the various phases of the multiphase fluid. For example, for particles in a liquid, the peaks exhibit dependence on the particle size and the particle volume fraction. Where the exact relationship is know know a priori, data from different peaks of the same reflection spectrum or data from the peaks of different spectra obtained from different diffraction gratings can be used to resolve the size and volume fraction.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for generating dealiased Doppler signals in a spectral Doppler system. The method comprises the steps of: filtering each of two quadrature components of obtained quadrature Doppler signals by using at least four filters in at least four parallel branches respectively so as to output eight signals, wherein the at least four filters for each quadrature component are equally divided into two groups, and outputs of each group of the filters are to be used for Doppler signals processing in one of forward and reverse directions, and coefficients of the different filters in each group can be interleaved with each other to form coefficients of a desired filter; interleaving and accumulating the output eight dealiased signals, according to direction and quadrature component of the output Doppler signals, to obtain forward and reverse dealiased Doppler signals F (t) and R (t).

Abstract: An ultrasonic flowmeter with a measuring tube through which flows a medium and which, viewed in its cross section, has a split circumference forming two halves and with two ultrasonic converter pairs, each with an associated ultrasound reflector. The converters of each converter pair are mounted on a common circumferential half in a mutually offset position as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the tube, while the reflector for each converter pair is positioned on the other, opposite circumferential half in the longitudinal direction of the measuring tube between the two converters, so that an ultrasound signal emitted by one converter of a converter pair travels along a V-shaped signal path via the reflector of the associated converter pair to the other converter of that converter pair.

Abstract: A method of determining the flow rate of a fluid in a conduit. Ultrasonic energy is directed through the conduit along multiple paths. The ultrasonic energy is detected and measured using a range gated Doppler technique to determine the velocity of the fluid at several points in the conduit. These point velocities are used to calculate the average flow rate of the fluid in the conduit.

Abstract: Measuring volume flows or mass flows in the intake system of motor vehicle internal combustion engines plays an important role in reducing harmful emissions. Therefore, an ultrasonic flow meter for measuring a flow velocity of a fluid flowing in an essentially laminar flow in the main flow direction is described. The ultrasonic flow meter has at least two ultrasonic transducers, the ultrasonic transducers being able to emit and/or receive ultrasonic waves at an angle ? to the main flow direction which is different from 90°. Furthermore, the ultrasonic flow meter has at least one turbulator situated upstream from at least one ultrasonic transducer in the main flow direction of the fluid, which generates longitudinal eddies in at least one zone adjacent to the at least one ultrasonic transducer, in particular in a protrusion in a wall of a flow pipe and thus improves the flow of the fluid in this zone in the flow pipe.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring a flow velocity profile of fluid traveling in a pipe or conduit uses an ultrasonic wave transmitted from an ultrasonic wave transducer mounted at an angle on the outside of a pipe using a wedge, and made incident onto the fluid in the pipe to measure the fluid flow velocity profile, using the principle that a frequency of an ultrasonic wave, reflected by a reflector existing in the fluid, is changed depending on a flow velocity due to Doppler effect. The transmission frequency and the angle of incidence onto the pipe can be selected to suppress frequency dependence of a measured value due to Lamb wave and allow the flow velocity or flow rate of fluid to be measured with a greater accuracy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flow meter for liquid or gaseous media, the flow meter has a measuring channel through which the medium flows, at least one inlet channel and at least one outlet channel and also at least one pair of ultrasound converters for emitting and receiving ultrasound signals, wherein for guiding an ultrasound signal from one ultrasound converter to the other ultrasound converter, at least one pair of reflectors is arranged in the measuring channel, the diameter of the measuring channel is reduced using a reducer in certain regions for guiding the flow of the medium, wherein the reducer is formed by a measuring channel insert, which is arranged on and/or integrated into the measuring channel inner wall, and which is used simultaneously for holding or fixing other functional parts. Furthermore, the invention relates to a flow meter, in which a flow guide plate is used as a holding plate for the pair of reflectors and stretches in the longitudinal direction of the measuring channel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for coupling ultrasound clamp-on throughflow measuring heads to a high-temperature measuring tube. The invention is characterized in that a thin coupling plate is arranged between the tube wall and the measuring head. As a result, the temperature of the measuring head can be reduced to a maximum acceptable value. The shape of the coupling plate affects the adjustable temperature profile in such a way that the isotherms extend in the tube wall area in a parallel manner in relation to the path length of the sound waves in the measuring head area, thereby minimizing resulting errors in throughflow measurement.

Abstract: Hot water (12) in a bath (11) is pumped up by a suction pump (9) and introduced into a carbon dioxide gas dissolver (7) through solution flow rate adjusting means (14) and then, poured into the bath (11). Carbon dioxide gas supplied from a carbon dioxide gas cylinder (1) is introduced into the carbon dioxide gas dissolver (7) through gas flow rate adjusting means (5). At this time, the quantity of bubbles existing in artificial carbonated spring in a take-out pipe (15) is measured with a measuring device (13), and the solution flow rate adjusting means (14), gas flow rate adjusting means (5) and the like are controlled by means of a control device (16) using a relational expression between a preliminarily set quantity of bubbles and carbon dioxide concentration to obtain a desired concentration of carbon dioxide gas in carbonated spring.

Abstract: An ultrasonic flow sensor for measuring the volumetric flow rate of a flowing medium through a flow channel having a transducer array which is situated within the flow cross section of the flow channel and which generates ultrasonic waves which propagate in the flow cross section of the flow channel transversally to a flow direction of the flowing medium, the ultrasonic transducer array having an interlaid arrangement of transducer elements which act alternately as transmitting and receiving antennas, so that all emitted individual sound waves interfere to form common wave fronts.

Abstract: The invention provides an ultrasonic flow velocity meter that can measure the flow velocity of a fluid over a wide range of degree of contamination with high degree of accuracy. The ultrasonic flow velocity meter includes a mounting base to be fixed to the outside of a conduit line in which the fluid to be measured flows, the mounting base having a mounting surface formed obliquely with respect to a longitudinal axis of the conduit line, a sending transducer fixed to the mounting base for emitting an ultrasonic wave to the interior of the fluid, a receiving transducer fixed to the mounting base and receiving the reflected ultrasonic wave having subjected to Doppler shift and emitted from the interior of the fluid, and a calculating unit for calculating the flow velocity of the fluid from the amount of the Doppler shift of the reflected wave received by the receiving transducer.

Abstract: Sodar systems and methods for acoustically sounding air are disclosed in which chirps longer than 300 ms—and preferably with durations of tens of seconds—are used along with matched filter and/or Fourier processing methods to derive phase signals indicative of air characteristics in range. A listen-while-transmit strategy is preferred, the direct signal being removed by subtracting the phase signals from two or more receivers located near the transmitter so as to be in the same noise environment. The resultant differential signals can be related to cross-range wind with range distance. In one example, apparatus (100) is employed comprising a reflector dish (102) over which one central loudspeaker (110) and four microphones (112, 114, 130 and 132) are mounted, the microphones preferably being located on cardinal compass points and having their axes (124, 126) slightly angled with respect to the vertical transmission axis (122).

Abstract: An ultrasonic measuring device having at least one ultrasonic transducer, an analyzer circuit, and a reflection surface provided within a flow pipe for a gaseous medium. The first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer are inclined toward one another, the electronic analyzer circuit being situated between the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer. The reflection surface of a reflection device is designed to be essentially convex on its side facing the ultrasonic transducers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flow meter for liquid or gaseous media, the flow meter has a measuring channel through which the medium flows, at least one inlet channel and at least one outlet channel and also at least one pair of ultrasound converters for emitting and receiving ultrasound signals, wherein for guiding an ultrasound signal from one ultrasound converter to the other ultrasound converter, at least one pair of reflectors is arranged in the measuring channel, the diameter of the measuring channel is reduced using a reducer in certain regions for guiding the flow of the medium, wherein the reducer is formed by a measuring channel insert, which is arranged on and/or integrated into the measuring channel inner wall, and which is used simultaneously for holding or fixing other functional parts. Furthermore, the invention relates to a flow meter, in which a flow guide plate is used as a holding plate for the pair of reflectors and stretches in the longitudinal direction of the measuring channel.

Abstract: An elastomeric acoustic coupler formed by molding a thermoplastic or silicone rubber into a recess of a surgical cassette housing. The coupling has a raised pad to aid in the removal of all air between the transducer and the fluid conduit, and to provide an efficient transmission of an ultrasound signal into the fluid conduit.

Abstract: The measurement of volume flows or mass flows in the intake system of motor vehicle internal combustion engines plays a significant role in reducing pollutant emissions. Therefore, an ultrasonic flow meter for measuring a flow rate of a fluid flowing in a primary flow direction is described. The ultrasonic flow meter has at least two ultrasonic transducers, the ultrasonic transducers being capable of emitting and/or receiving ultrasonic waves at an angle ? to the primary flow direction which is different from 90°. Furthermore, the ultrasonic flow meter has at least one guide element which is entirely or partially situated in the fluid. This guide element diverts at least one part of the flowing fluid in such a way that in the diversion, a velocity component is transferred to at least one part of the flowing fluid perpendicular to the primary flow direction. Guide vanes or displacers in particular are described as guide elements.

Abstract: Hot water (12) in a bath (11) is pumped up by a suction pump (9) and introduced into a carbon dioxide gas dissolver (7) through solution flow rate adjusting means (14) and then, poured into the bath (11). Carbon dioxide gas supplied from a carbon dioxide gas cylinder (1) is introduced into the carbon dioxide gas dissolver (7) through gas flow rate adjusting means (5). At this time, the quantity of bubbles existing in artificial carbonated spring in a take-out pipe (15) is measured with a measuring device (13), and the solution flow rate adjusting means (14), gas flow rate adjusting means (5) and the like are controlled by means of a control device (16) using a relational expression between a preliminarily set quantity of bubbles and carbon dioxide concentration to obtain a desired concentration of carbon dioxide gas in carbonated spring.

Abstract: A device for measuring flow in a pipe includes a first metal plate mounted to the pipe, the first metal plate including a first contact portion contacting a wall of the pipe and a first away portion spaced apart from the wall of the pipe, a second metal plate mounted to the pipe, the second metal plate including a second contact portion contacting the wall of the pipe and a second away portion spaced apart from the wall of the pipe, a first transducer mounted to the first away portion, and a second transducer mounted to the second away portion.

Abstract: A method and system for acoustically sounding the lower atmosphere involves the transmitting of an acoustic chirp and the processing of returned echoes and interference using wavelet and matched filter techniques. A single transmitter and four receivers may be used, with receivers located equidistant from the transmitter on the cardinal points of the compass. N, S, E, & W inputs are digitized and input to a wavelet filter (50) together with the transmitter chip signal (R or D) for the attenuation of the direct signal and ambient noise signals. The interference-attenuated signals are then processed in a matched filter (52) to extract phase and amplitude outputs (54 and 56), the phase output being unwrapped (70). The N and S phase signals and the E and W phase signals are then separately differenced (74 and 80) and the results used to compute (86 and 92) wind speed and bearing.

Abstract: There are provided an ultrasonic transducer that performs transmission and/or reception of an ultrasonic wave, and a propagation medium portion that forms a propagation path of the ultrasonic wave. A density and an acoustic velocity of the propagation medium portion, and a density and a sound velocity of a fluid that fills a circumjacent space are appropriately set, and a propagation loss of the ultrasonic wave into the fluid is reduced to almost zero by refracting the ultrasonic wave at an appropriate angle.

Abstract: An acoustic wave flow sensor is disclosed, which includes a sensor substrate and an acoustic wave diaphragm etched upon the sensor substrate, wherein mechanical stress or strain is concentrated in the acoustic wave diaphragm. One or more interdigital transducers can be configured upon the acoustic wave diaphragm, wherein the sensor substrate, the acoustic wave diaphragm and the interdigital transducer(s) form an acoustic wave flow sensor, such that when the interdigital transducer and the acoustic wave diaphragm are exposed to a fluid in flow, the fluid in flow causes the acoustic wave diaphragm to experience a change in the mechanical stress or strain resulting in a detectable frequency and/or phase change in order to provide an indication of fluid flow.

Abstract: A wedge unit according to the present invention is used for an ultrasonic Doppler flow meter, being mounted on the outer wall of a pipe in which a fluid flows, supplying an ultrasonic wave to the fluid, receives the reflected wave and supplies the reflected wave to a flow rate calculation unit, comprises a wedge with one surface thereof being mounted on a part of the outer circumference of the pipe and on another surface thereof being equipped with an ultrasonic oscillator that generates the ultrasonic wave in response to an electric signal and receives the reflected wave; and an ultrasonic wave attenuation unit being mounted on the outer circumference of the pipe so as to include a position where an ultrasonic wave injected from the ultrasonic oscillator into the pipe by way of the wedge first reaches the outer wall of the pipe after being reflected by the inner wall thereof.

Abstract: A flow sensor comprises a detection section and a main unit section. The detection section comprises a casing, a through water pipe line, a transmitter which transmits an ultrasonic wave, a receiver which receives the ultrasonic wave from the transmitter, and a flow indicator having light emission sections. The main unit section comprises a display section for displaying the flow quantity value. The casing and the through water pipe line have a width perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the through water pipe line, and the width of the casing is approximately equal to the width of the through water pipe line. One of the faces of the casing consists of the light emitting sections and a planar face whereby the width of the casing can be minimized. The detection section further comprises an alarm detector and a compute unit performs different processing when the alarm signal is on.

Abstract: A remote sensor and associated data processor, performs concurrent analysis of backscattered signals from a multi-beam acoustic Doppler emitter/receiver positioned against the inside wall of a conveying pipe or channel. Range-gating of the return signals allows independent analysis of discrete volumes of backscattered signal data corresponding to the distribution, concentration and travel velocity of small individual volumes or bins of water and suspended solids. Velocity is derived from the measured Doppler frequency shift for each bin. Relative solids concentration is estimated as a function of the measured intensity of the backscattered signals.

Abstract: An apparatus for noninvasively monitoring the flow and/or the composition of a flowing liquid using ultrasound is described. The position of the resonance peaks for a fluid excited by a swept-frequency ultrasonic signal have been found to change frequency both in response to a change in composition and in response to a change in the flow velocity thereof. Additionally, the distance between successive resonance peaks does not change as a function of flow, but rather in response to a change in composition. Thus, a measurement of both parameters (resonance position and resonance spacing), once calibrated, permits the simultaneous determination of flow rate and composition using the apparatus and method of the present invention.

Abstract: A measuring head for an ultrasonic flowmeter, in which an ultrasonic coupling element and a measuring head housing are cast together and form, along with casting material, a contact surface E. The surface E allows an effective transfer of heat to the measuring head. In order to compensate manufacturing tolerances, the distance a between the measuring head housing and the ultrasonic coupling element is at least 1 mm in the area of the contact surface E.

Abstract: A Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter has an ultrasonic transmitting means for emitting ultrasonic pulses from an ultrasonic transducer into a fluid pipe, a flow velocity profile measuring means for receiving an ultrasonic echo reflected from a measurement region in the fluid pipe thereby to measure a flow velocity profile of a fluid to be measured, a fluid flow rate computing means for calculating the flow rate thereof on the basis of the flow velocity profile of the fluid to be measured, and a frequency selecting and setting means for automatically selecting a fundamental frequency of an ultrasonic wave that causes a resonant transmission phenomenon to take place from the ultrasonic transducer. The frequency selecting and setting means controls the operation of the ultrasonic transmitting means such that an ultrasonic wave of a selected optimum frequency is emitted from the ultrasonic transducer.

Abstract: An ultrasonic flow-measuring method determines the flow rate of a medium flowing through a line is determined by measuring the runtime of an ultrasonic signal that travels from a first ultrasonic transducer to at least one other ultrasonic transducer. The runtime of the ultrasonic signal as it makes m passes in immediate succession through a predefined path over a predefined path length and at a predefined angle relative to the flow direction is measured, and the runtime of the ultrasonic signal as it makes n passes in immediate succession through the predefined path over the predefined path length at the predefined angle relative to the flow direction is measured, with m and n being mutually different integers, and the dead time of the ultrasonic flow-measuring process is determined on the basis of the measured runtimes. This ultrasonic flow-measuring method permits real-time compensation for the dead time during the actual measuring process, the result being highly accurate measurements.

Abstract: An apparatus for noninvasively monitoring the flow and/or the composition of a flowing liquid using ultrasound is described. The position of the resonance peaks for a fluid excited by a swept-frequency ultrasonic signal have been found to change frequency both in response to a change in composition and in response to a change in the flow velocity thereof. Additionally, the distance between successive resonance peaks does not change as a function of flow, but rather in response to a change in composition. Thus, a measurement of both parameters (resonance position and resonance spacing), once calibrated, permits the simultaneous determination of flow rate and composition using the apparatus and method of the present invention.

Abstract: It is an object to provide an ultrasonic flow amount measuring device in which a direction and position of a transducer can be accurately fixed, thereby improving workability such as a reduction in working time. In order to attain the object, ultrasonic transducers 20 are fixed with a proper interval therebetween using a positioning portion 41 attached to a positioning frame 40. The position adjustment of the wave transducer 20 is automatically carried out through a positioning spring 25b and the positioning portion 41. A guide frame 30 can be mounted at a proper position on a conduit pipe 10 irrespective of the installation of the wave transducer. The guide frame 30 is mounted without paying attention to an interval between the ultrasonic transducers and coating an acoustic coupling medium on the conduit pipe, so that selection of a setup place, etc. can be freely performed.