Abstract: A method of using scrap rubber and other scrap materials, such as tires or parts or pieces of tires, to manufacture or melt steel and other metals in a furnace is disclosed. The scrap rubber may be used as a carbon source for the manufacture of steel and other metals, and may be used as an energy source to melt the scrap metal used to make the steel and other metals. The net benefit of this method includes reducing the amount of scrap rubber, such as tires, to be sent to a waste disposal facility or landfill, thereby improving the environment. In addition, by increasing the use of scrap rubber as a source of energy for steel or metal production, less energy is required from other sources.

Abstract: A method of using scrap rubber and other scrap materials, such as tires or parts or pieces of tires, to manufacture or melt steel and other metals in a furnace is disclosed. The scrap rubber may be used as a carbon source for the manufacture of steel and other metals, and may be used as an energy source to melt the scrap metal used to make the steel and other metals. The net benefit of this method includes reducing the amount of scrap rubber, such as tires, to be sent to a waste disposal facility or landfill, thereby improving the environment. In addition, by increasing the use of scrap rubber as a source of energy for steel or metal production, less energy is required from other sources.

Abstract: A method for producing a ferro-alloy in an electric arc furnace is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of removing steel from a carbon-containing organic material, and charging the furnace with the carbon-containing organic material product.

Abstract: A method of using scrap rubber and other scrap materials, such as tires or parts or pieces of tires, to manufacture or melt steel and other metals in a furnace is disclosed. The scrap rubber may be used as a carbon source for the manufacture of steel and other metals, and may be used as an energy source to melt the scrap metal used to make the steel and other metals. The net benefit of this method includes reducing the amount of scrap rubber, such as tires, to be sent to a waste disposal facility or landfill, thereby improving the environment. In addition, by increasing the use of scrap rubber as a source of energy for steel or metal production, less energy is required from other sources.

Abstract: A method of using scrap rubber and other scrap materials, such as tires or parts or pieces of tires, to manufacture or melt steel and other metals in a furnace is disclosed. The scrap rubber may be used as a carbon source for the manufacture of steel and other metals, and may be used as an energy source to melt the scrap metal used to make the steel and other metals. The net benefit of this method includes reducing the amount of scrap rubber, such as tires, to be sent to a waste disposal facility or landfill, thereby improving the environment. In addition, by increasing the use of scrap rubber as a source of energy for steel or metal production, less energy is required from other sources.

Abstract: A method of using scrap rubber, such as tires, parts of tires or shredded tires, to manufacture or melt steel and other metals in a furnace is disclosed. The scrap rubber may be used as a carbon source for the manufacture of steel and other metals, and may be used as an energy source to melt the scrap metal used to make the steel and other metals. The net benefit of this method includes reducing the amount of scrap rubber, such as tires, to be sent to waste disposal facility or landfill, thereby improving the environment. In addition, by increasing the use of scrap rubber as a source of energy for steel or metal production, less energy is required from other sources.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for rapidly and accurately processing the chemical composition of a molten metal bath within a furnace. The apparatus includes a robotically-controlled probe which operates to obtain a sample from any predetermined depth of the vessel. The probe is moved from the vessel to a thermostabilized atomic emission spectrometer in nearby proximity to the vessel wherein a part of the probe containing the sample is joined with an upper chamber housing to form an excitation chamber. Within the excitation chamber, the optical emission spectrum of the sample is excited by an excitation source. The optical spectrum is transmitted to an analyzer where the elemental concentration of the sample is determined. Immediately responsive to this analysis, adjustments are made in processing to achieve the target grade of steel.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a scrap melting process for the production of molten iron from scrap (as the source of iron) and of high-calorie exhaust gas (as a valuable fuel gas) from pulverized coal (as the principal source of heat and a partial source of high-calorie exhaust gas) and waste plastics (as the principal source of high-calorie exhaust gas and a partial source of heat). The process comprises charging a shaft furnace (equipped with a burner at the tuyere) with scrap (as the iron source) and coke and optional waste plastics from the furnace top and injecting pulverized coal (or pulverized coal plus waste plastics) and oxygen through the burner under specific conditions, so as to mix together pulverized coal (or pulverized coal plus waste plastics) and oxygen, thereby achieving rapid combustion of pulverized coal etc.

Abstract: A method of making iron involves using waste polymer material as a solid fuel charged to an iron melting vessel and/or using gaseous decomposition products from pyrolysis of waste polymer material as a gaseous fuel supplied to the vessel. Relatively large quantities of waste polymer materials can thereby be disposed of without landfill usage, while a substantial portion of their energy value is recovered for heating and melting the iron-bearing material in the vessel. The waste polymer material may comprise reaction injection molding compounds and precursors thereof, sheet mold compounds and precursors thereof, car fluff (i.e., non-metallic residue from the recycling of automobiles), scrap rubber tires and the like. Waste sheet molding compounds including calcium carbonate filler can be charged to the iron-making vessel such that the calcium carbonate therein is released and functions as a flux at the iron-making temperature involved to remove impurities from the iron.