Abstract: A flux injector apparatus and method adapted to distribute a predetermined amount of flux to an associated pool of molten aluminum. The flux injector apparatus includes a pressurized tank adapted to store and feed the flux under pressure. A feed mechanism operative to discharge a predetermined amount of flux to an outlet and a controller for monitoring and operating the apparatus. The feed mechanism includes a housing having an inner wall defining a cavity with an inlet and an outlet. A feed wheel is positioned within the cavity and operative to receive a predetermined amount of flux from the inlet, translate the flux within the cavity and discharge the predetermined amount of flux through the outlet of the pressurized tank.

Abstract: Ultrasonic probes containing a plurality of gas delivery channels are disclosed, as well as ultrasonic probes containing recessed areas near the tip of the probe. Ultrasonic devices containing these probes, and methods for molten metal degassing using these ultrasonic devices, also are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for degassing and for removing impurities from molten metals are disclosed. These methods can include operating an ultrasonic device in a molten metal bath, and adding a purging gas into the molten metal bath through the tip of the ultrasonic device.

Abstract: A method of using a protective gas composition comprising a fluorine-containing organic compound and a carrier gas for preventing a rapid oxidation or combustion of a molten magnesium/magnesium alloy alloy in a magnesium or magnesium alloy production process.

Abstract: There is provided a protective gas composition for preventing combustion of a molten magnesium/magnesium alloy, containing a compound selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (OHFC-1234ze), methyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether (HFE-254pc), which are fluorine-containing organic compounds, and mixtures thereof; and a carrier gas.

Abstract: A rotary device for treating molten metal, said device comprising a hollow shaft (30) at one end of which is a rotor (40), said rotor (40) having:—a roof (42) and a base (44), said roof (42) and base (44) being spaced apart and connected by a plurality of dividers (50); a passage (52) being defined between each adjacent pair of dividers (50) and the roof (42) and the base (44), each passage (52) having an inlet (54) in an inner surface of the rotor (40) and an outlet (56) in a peripheral surface of the rotor (40), each outlet (56) having a greater cross-sectional area than the respective inlet (54) and being disposed radially outward therefrom; a flow path being defined through the shaft (30) into the inlets (54) of the passages (52) and out of the outlets (56); and a chamber (48) in which mixing of the molten metal and gas can take place; wherein a plurality of first cut-outs (58a) are provided in the roof (42) and a plurality of second cut outs (58b) are provided in the base (44), each of the first and seco

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary device for dispersing a gas in a molten metal. The device comprises a hollow shaft at one end of which is attached a rotor. The rotor has a roof and a base which are spaced apart and connected by a plurality of vanes. A compartment is defined between each adjacent pair of vanes and the roof and the base, and each compartment has an inlet and first and second outlets. A flow path is defined through the shaft into the inlets of the compartments and out of the first and second outlets. Each first outlet is disposed radially outwardly of the respective inlet and arranged to disperse gas laterally of the rotor in use, and each second outlet is disposed in the roof of the rotor and arranged to disperse gas upwardly from the rotor in use.

Abstract: A system for producing a metal foam comprises a bath containing a molten metal, a rotating shaft or impeller extending through the base of the bath into, and submerged in the molten metal, and a gas discharge nozzle provided on the submerged end of the shaft. The opposite end of the shaft is connected to a gas supply line and the shaft is rotated with a motor. A seal is provided at the opening in the base of the bath for preventing leakage of the molten metal there-through.

Abstract: An in-line deep box treatment of molten metal wherein, instead of gaseous Cl2, a solid salt reactant containing a halide salt (e.g., MgCl2) as one of its components may be injected into the molten metal along with an inert gas (typically argon) through the existing degasser impellor. The salt flux may be metered into the inert gas stream at a controlled rate. A salt injector flux tank may be retrofitted to current rotary degassing equipments without requiring a specialized rotor design or changes in the degasser unit design. Using the halide salt-based solid flux, the benefits of alkali, alkaline earth, and inclusion removal may be achieved without the industrial hygiene, environmental, and safety issues associated with storing and using the gaseous and hazardous Cl2 during molten metal degassing.

Abstract: Disclosed are cover gas compositions comprising fluoroolefins for impeding the oxidation of molten nonferrous metals and alloys, such as magnesium.

Abstract: Disclosed are cover gas compositions comprising at least one pentafluoropropane for impeding the oxidation of molten nonferrous metals and alloys, such as magnesium.

Abstract: A cover gas composition for protecting molten magnesium/magnesium alloy includes a fluorine containing inhibiting agent and a carrier gas. Each component of the composition has a Global Warming Potential (GWP) (referenced to the absolute GWP for carbon dioxide at a time horizon of 100 years) of less than 5000.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for generating pollution credits while processing molten magnesium, aluminum, lithium, and alloys of such metals by contacting the molten metal or alloy with a gaseous mixture comprising a fluorocarbon selected from the group consisting of perfluoroketones, hydrofluoroketones, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preventing the ignition of molten magnesium by contacting the molten magnesium with a gaseous mixture comprising a fluorocarbon selected from the group consisting of perfluoroketones, hydrofluoroketones, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An improved strap has a base end portion, a second end portion and a main portion which is disposed between the base and the second end portions of the strap. A first side of the strap has a layer formed of foam. A second side of the strap has a layer formed of fabric. The second side of a base end portion of the strap has a layer formed of foam. The layer formed of foam on the first side of the strap is placed in engagement with skin on a body of a patient. The base end portion of the strap is retained against movement relative to the body of the patient by wrapping the strap around a portion of the body of the patient and positioning a portion of the layer formed of foam and disposed on the first side of the strap in engagement with foam disposed on the second side of the base end portion of the strap. A second end portion of the strap is connected with the fabric layer on the second side of the strap at a location between the end portions of the strap.

Abstract: A protective furnace gas for protecting a bath of magnesium in furnace equipment includes a mixture of inert gas such as nitrogen and 0.3 to 1.5% by volume of SO2, the mixture being provided in a temperature-controlled room wherein the temperature is at least 22° C. and preferably 25° to 35° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for protecting a non-ferrous liquid metal from oxidation and from firing in a machine processing this metal or its alloys, consisting of disposing a gaseous mixture containing carbon dioxide at the surface of the non-ferrous metal. According to this process, the gaseous mixture is prepared by adding to the carbon dioxide an oxidising gas, argon and xenon only, this gaseous mixture having properties ensuring protection from the ambient atmosphere, and the proportion of carbon dioxide in this gaseous mixture ranging from 50% to 90% by volume.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating, in particular purifying or degassing, molten metal (40), comprising a component (10) exposable to molten metal to be treated and means (13) for imparting a rotary motion to the molten metal (40) about a substantially vertical axis. The apparatus is so arranged that during use at least part of a wear-exposed surface of the component (10) is temporarily or permanently in contact with molten metal (40), the contacting molten metal being in motion relative to the wear-exposed surface. The wear-exposed surface is coated with a slurry-applied protective coating (18A,18B) of refractory material in a heat stable binder, in particular an inorganic colloidal and/or polymeric binder, protecting the wear-exposed surface against erosion, oxidation and corrosion.

Abstract: An inert gas bubble-actuated molten metal pump is located between one section of a metal-melting furnace and a second section to pump molten metal from the one section, wherein the molten metal is at a higher temperature, into the second section, wherein the molten metal is at a lower temperature, and its effluent is directed into contact with metal chips being charged into the second section, thereby assisting in the more rapid melting of the chips into the molten metal mass in the second section. The inert gas employed to actuate the molten metal pump is captured beneath a heat-resistant and flame-resistant cover located above the exit port of the pump and over a substantial portion of the molten metal mass in the second section, thereby providing a non-oxidizing atmosphere at the surface of the molten metal mass or pool beneath said cover.

Abstract: An inert gas bubble-actuated molten metal pump is located in a metal-melting furnace to effect circulation of molten metal throughout the furnace. The inert gas employed to actuate the molten metal pump is captured beneath a heat-resistant and flame-resistant cover located above the exit port of the pump and over a substantial portion of the molten metal, thereby to prevent splashing, spattering, and disruption of a thin protective layer or skin of oxidized metal at the surface of the molten metal as well as to provide a non-oxidizing atmosphere at the surface of the molten metal beneath said cover. In this manner and by this combination, the inert gas is employed most efficiently and economically.