Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for preparing an aerogel blanket, the apparatus comprising: a bobbin around which a blanket is wound; a body provided with a gelling tank in which the bobbin is accommodated; a driving member configured to allow the bobbin accommodated in the gelling tank to rotate; and a silica sol supply member configured to gelate the blanket as silica sol is injected into the gelling tank to impregnate the blanket rotating by the bobbin.

Abstract: A low pressure steam jet fabric finisher (10) for steam setting of dyes on fabric during a steaming cycle, having a substantially cuboid housing (12) which defines a water reservoir (70) with a heating element (72) and a cylindrical steaming chamber (88). Steam from heated water rises into the steaming core (80) having an inlet (84) in fluid communication with the water reservoir (70) and thereafter into the steaming chamber (88) through a plurality of holes in the steaming core (80). Dyed fabric is rolled onto a helical coil spring (90) which is inserted over the steaming core (80) and placed in the steaming chamber (88) for dye setting during a steaming cycle.

Abstract: A process and a system for dyeing a textile web according to the cold-pad batch process includes a device for defined application of a dye liquor to the textile web and a winding device for rolling the textile web provided with the dye liquor onto a fabric roll. On the winding device, a supply roll with a plastic film web is mounted, which can be wound around the finished fabric roll in a wrap, using the same winding device. The end of the wrap is sealed together with the plastic film web and the plastic film web is cut off. In this way, it is easier to wrap the fabric roll, as is necessary for several hours of dwell time on the fabric roll.

Abstract: A method of dyeing of short-staple fiber of cotton, synthetics or blends thereof in which the sliver if formed into a roving package on a perforated sleeve in a flyer frame with a slight twist and with a uniform winding density and the roving package is then subjected to dyeing and the dyed roving package is then delivered directly to the final spinning frame. The dyeing of the flyer slubbing is possible because of a package before final spinning, but not in the flock form with a stability of the flyer slubbing afforded by the slight twist imparted thereto in the flyer frame.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for dyeing cellulosic fibre materials with vat dyes, which comprises adding to the dyebath all or some of the auxiliary chemicals required for the dyeing process, and subsequently, after a pretratment time, adding the vat dye or its leuco form with the aid of a metering device to the dyebath, and dyeing the fiber materials by optionally increasing the temperature of the dyebath.Level dyeings are obtained with the novel process, the cellulosic material having a perfectly level appearance as well as good light- and wetfastness properties.

Abstract: A process for washing and rinsing substrate sheets, in particular of nonwoven fabric or needle-punched felt sheets, is used after previously carried out activation and electroless chemical metallization. The pores or the surfaces of the substrate sheets are adequately freed from the salt residues of the metallizing solution. In this process, the textile material is wound spirally onto the rotor of a drum, and the washing or rinsing water is fed into the textile material via a hollow shaft of the rotor. The washing, rinsing, and spinning operations proceed in one apparatus, resulting in an appreciable savings in the amounts of water supplied. The entire washing and spinning operations in the drum lends itself to complete automation.

Abstract: A substrate to which a dyestuff or optical brightener has been applied is aftertreated with a cationic or protonatable polymeric Product P selected from:(A) a polymeric reaction product, Product A, of a monofunctional or polyfunctional amine having one or more primary and/or secondary and/or tertiary amino groups with cyanamide, dicyanamide, guanidine or bisguanidine in which up to 50 mole percent of the cyanamide, dicyanamide, guanidine or bisguanidine may be replaced by a dicarboxylic acid or a mono- or di-ester thereof, with the splitting off ammonia, optionally in the presence of a catalyst; Product A containing at least one free hydrogen atom linked to a nitrogen atom; or(B) the polymeric reaction product, Product B, of Product A with(a) epichlorohydrin or a precursor thereof; or(b) an N-methylol derivative of a urea, melamine, guanamine, triazinone, urone, carbamate or acid amine optionally in the presence of a catalyst for crosslinking N-methylol compounds; or(c) a water-soluble homo- or co-polymer, Pr

Abstract: An elongate textile material liquid-permeably wound on a bobbin and a treatment liquid are enclosed in a container with a gaseous phase portion remaining within the container. The container is conveyed through an elongate heating bath for heating the treatment liquid at a predetermined temperature. During conveyance, the container is rotated to cause the textile material to move alternately through the treatment liquid and the gaseous phase portion within the container.

Abstract: A method of producing twisted yarn comprises precision doubling several single yarns in a precision assembly winder to form a precision package which is dyed or bleached. The yarn is thereupon twisted during withdrawal from the precision package.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of making a hydrophilic cotton fleece. The method is characterized in that during the operations of boiling and bleaching in the autoclave, treatment liquids are made to circulate radially through the turns of the coil in such a manner that a differential pressure is established between the liquid entering the coil and the liquid leaving the coil as a result of load losses due to the difficulty which the liquid experiences in passing through the coil. The invention is applied to the manufacture of a cotton fleece with improved adherence.

Abstract: According to the invention the reels 10 of cellulose thread wound in a loose manner around a hollow perforated core are arranged on the nozzles 9 carried by the hollow arms 8 of a rotor 7a placed on a hollow frame 7 situated at the bottom of a tank 6. A pump 13 causes the nitrating medium 15 consisting of a mixture of nitric acid and methylene chloride to circulate into the pipe 14 from where it passes into the frame 7 and then to the rotor 7a from where it is brought under pressure via the pipes 8 and the nozzles 9 to the hollow perforated core of each reel. The nitrating medium then passes radially along the mass of thread making up each reel and returns to the pump 13 via the pipes 12. After nitration the nitrocellulose threads are immediately stabilized by washing them with water in a similar installation to that used for nitration.

Abstract: There is described a process for producing, in a continuous manner, a gradient dyeing across the width of a long strip of a plastic sheet and an apparatus used therefor. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the orientation of the plastic strip is maintained substantially constant during the passage through a dye bath, and the dye liquid level is repetitively varied by use of a liquid level control means. This invention is particularly useful for making gradient-dyed plastic sheets which in turn are used for making sunglass lenses.

Abstract: Impregnating equipment includes a centrifuge, a tank which can be exhausted and into which an impregnating compound can be introduced, and means for attaching at an upper part of the tank a mounting for a centrifugal basket, said mounting comprising a single self-aligning or swing bearing which is supported by a support which can be locked by means of an expanding device to the upper rim of the tank. The expanding device preferably consists of three radial arms which can be retracted and extended and the ends of which are in the form of jaws, the rim of the tank consisting of a ring the radially inwardly-directed cross-section of which has a shape mating with the shape of the jaws.

Abstract: A dye beam for a roll of convoluted textile material has a foraminous tube whose end portions extend beyond the axial ends of the roll and whose apertures admit dye fluid into the roll in response to admission of pressurized fluid into its interior. A circumferentially complete or spirally convoluted impermeable elastic sleeve surrounds each end portion of the tube and the inner end of each sleeve is confined within the roll. The outer ends of the sleeves are sealingly clamped to the external surface of the tube and the inner ends of the sleeves are held against appreciable movement away from each other so that they remain within the confines of the roll.

Abstract: Process for creating uniform flow conditions for circulating liquors flowing through textile wound packages or packaged material of synthetic and/or natural fibers in the course of machine dyeing by the exhaustion method under elevated pressure, wherein the zones of liquor flow which deviate from a mean value are determined across the entire block of material by measuring the differential pressures within the wound packages of material at several pairs of positions, whereupon the localized flow differences are equalized in all positions of the block of material by altering the properties and structures of the packages of material, by modifying the dyeing program, by varying the pumping power, by design changes in the dyeing machine and/or special selection and optimum metering of auxiliaries.

Abstract: Exhaust process for the isothermal high-temperature dyeing of textile material made of hydrophobic synthetic fibers in a closed dyeing system with water-insoluble disperse dyestuffs, according to which the disperse dyestuff predispersed in water of 40.degree. to 60.degree. C is introduced into the aqueous bath free of dyestuff that is already circulating and heated together with the material to a dyeing temperature within the range of from 115.degree. to 140.degree. C and adjusted to pH 4 - 6, which comprises evaluating the number of the bath circulations per minute by measuring it and the amount of dyestuff exhausted onto the fiber at the same time, and introducing the predispersed dyestuff in doses into the dyebath, depending on the obtained measuring values.

Abstract: A method for treating yarn in package form with a yarn treating agent to modify the physical and/or chemical characteristics of the yarn comprising the steps of introducing the agent at selected portions of the outer surface of the package, and then infusing the agent into the package with a heated fluid applied under pressure. More particularly, the method of the present invention contemplates the treatment of yarn in package form with one or more dyes or dye acceptance modifiers to modify or dye the yarn fibers in a reproducible manner to provide repeating contiguous sections of yarn having the desired characteristics. In one preferred embodiment of the invention, a dye acceptance modifier in the form of a resist is infused into one or both of the ends of a yarn package and a heated fluid is then introduced under pressure at a temperature and for a time sufficient to cause the resist to partially penetrate the package and contact individual strands of yarn or fibers, and to set the resist, if necessary.

Abstract: A roll of knit tubing, which has been knit into a tubular shaped prefabric in the first stage of a knit/deknit process, is presented successively to one or more dyeing stations while in a rolled or coiled package. Dyestuff is applied to the roll at selected positions on at least one side surface thereof in such amounts as to form regions of dye which spread in all directions through a plurality of convolute layers. The dye and stitch are then simultaneously heat set in an autoclave and the tube deknitted according to conventional practices to provide a textured yarn having random color variations therein.

Abstract: Process for the exhaust dyeing of wound bodies of synthetic or natural fiber materials with appropriate dyestuffs, by heating the wound-up textile articles to temperatures ranging at or above 100.degree. C while replacing the air in the dyeing vessel by saturated or superheated steam, and by preparing the dye bath in the batch vessel which is connected by pipes with the dyeing vessel, and heating up the dyebath to temperatures also ranging at or above 100.degree. C. A special control of the temperature and of the steam pressure in both closed systems is provided to secure the formation of a relative excess pressure of 2.94 to 9.8 bars in the batch vessel or such an excess pressure is produced from the outside. The hot dyebath is pressed by the differential pressure over a period of 3 to 60 seconds at the same time from inside and outside into the dry or wet wound bodies.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a high speed process for bleaching greige cloth. The system involves bleaching of the cloth in roll form, in multiple roll batches, utilizing a forced circulation of high temperature liquid bleach at superatmospheric pressures. In the preferred system, a rack, containing a plurality of rolls of greige cloth, is loaded into a pressure vessel. The rack includes means for connecting the several rolls of cloth individually to separate pumps and heat exchangers. Bleaching liquid is pumped through heat exchangers, heated to a high temperature, and thus forced through the rolls. A preferred bleaching material is hydrogen peroxide, but other conventionally used liquid bleaches may also be used in the process. Although the bleach material is introduced into the cloth at a substantially elevated temperature, it is kept from vaporizing by maintaining the bleaching vessel under superatmospheric pressure.

Abstract: Space-dyed textile strands are provided by a process which comprises contacting each of the substantially flat ends of a wound yarn package with a color modifying agent, withdrawing the yarn from the yarn package and rewinding the yarn in reverse order into a second yarn package having at least one substantially flat end, and contacting each of the flat ends of the rewound yarn package with a color modifying agent. The color modifying agent can comprise, for example, a dye, a chemical compound effecting the absorbtivity of dyes or the like. The yarn is withdrawn from the second yarn package, woven or tufted into a carpet, for example, and dyed, resulting in a carpet having random, small flecks of contrasting color therein.