Abstract: Liquid formulations of disperse dyestuffs for dyeing hydrophobic synthetic fiber materials or mixtures of synthetic fiber materials with cellulose fiber material or wool contain from 0.1 to 10% by weight of pulverulent highly disperse inorganic oxides or silicates or mixtures of both said oxides and silicates having a specific surface area (BET) of 20 to 800 m.sup.2 /g.

Abstract: The dyeing of wool with reactive dyes in a strongly acid medium (containing sulfuric acid) requires no longer acceptable, long heating-up times (50-60 minutes) in order to obtain level dyeings. It has now been found, according to the invention, that by rapidly heating up the dyebath which contains the dyes of the vinylsulfonyl type and also all the ingredients, except the acid, to the dyeing temperature together with the material to be dyed and then metering in the sulfuric acid under isothermal conditions at the dyeing temperature it is possible to obtain very level and very fast dyeings in a significantly shorter overall dyeing time. Carbonized wool can be dyed without prior neutralization.

Abstract: The level dyeing of wool with reactive dyes and simultaneous endeavors to shorten the dyeing process appear to be incompatible. It has now been found, according to the invention, that in the course of the exhaustion process it is possible through metered addition of the acid required for fixation over a prolonged period to the dyebath which is already at the dyeing temperature and contains no acidic fixing agent to obtain a shortening in the total treatment time while at the same time safeguarding the levelness of the dyeings.

Abstract: Hitherto there has been no practical pad-dwell process for wool piece goods which could be carried out without using large amounts of textile assistants. In addition, it has been necessary with all these processes to supply energy. Furthermore, large amounts of urea have always been used, which inevitably resulted in a high degree of waste water pollution. It has now been recognized according to the invention that satisfactory results can be obtained in the dyeing of wool piece goods with reactive dyes by effecting the padding operation with the dye solutions within the pH range from 1.5 to 4 and at room temperature and the subsequent dwell operation to obtain dye fixation without supply of heat. To prevent the formation of a frosting effect and to obtain deeper shades it is expediently possible also to add to the padding liquor nitrogen-containing ethoxylation products, in particular ethoxylated fatty amines, and/or alkyl polyglycol ethers.

Abstract: Synthetic fiber materials are effectively colored by dyeing or printing with a dyestuff mixture containing at least two separate dyestuffs (I) and (II) in a weight ratio of (I):(II) of from (20 to 99):(80 to 1) wherein:(I) is at least one dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## and (II) is at least one dyestuff of the formula ##STR2## in which X and Y are the same or different and each is independently chloro and bromo:R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: Poor wet fastness properties and unsatisfactory fastness to thermofixing of dyeings on flame-retardant PES fibers with conventional disperse dyestuffs preclude the deployment of textile material of this type in the industrial wear and contract business, such as for utilitarian textiles, sportswear or the like. The reduced boil-wash stability of such disperse dyestuffs on the modified fibers can lead to washing problems because of the risk of bleeding.Using disperse dyestuffs which contain highly polarized groupings in the molecule for dyeing flame-retardant PES fibers substantially improves the dyeing results in respect of the fastness properties sought and hence opens up further areas of use for said types of fiber. The flame-resistant properties of the textile material are not impaired.

Abstract: Poor wet fastness properties and unsatisfactory fastness to thermofixing of dyeings on carrierfree-dyeing PES fibers with conventional disperse dyestuffs preclude the deployment of textile material of this type in the industrial wear and contract business, such as for utilitarian textiles, sportswear or the like. The reduced boil-wash stability of such disperse dyestuffs on the modified fibers can lead to washing problems because of the risk of bleeding.Using disperse dyestuffs which contain highly polarized groupings in the molecule for dyeing carrierfree-dyeing PES fibers by the exhaust method, by the padding technique or by the padding/wind-up technique considerably improves the dyeing results in respect of the fastness properties sought and hence opens up further areas of use for said types of fiber.

Abstract: A textile finishing process in which there is employed, as a pH regulator, a compound or a mixture of compounds of formula I ##STR1## in which p is from 1 to 20,R is hydrogen, C.sub.1-3 alkyl or C.sub.1-3 alkyl substituted by hydroxyR' has independently one of the significances given for R or is --CO--R andA is --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.

Abstract: A process for dyeing silk or silk-containing fiber blends with reactive dyes, which comprises dyeing or impregnating said material with a reactive dye of the formulaD--Y].sub.nwherein D is the radical of a sulfo group containing dye of the mono- or polyazo, metal complex azo, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, formazane, azomethine, dioxazine, phenazine, stilbene, triphenylmethane, xanthene, thioxanthone, nitroaryl, naphthoquinone, pyrenequinone or perylenetetracarbimide series, [Y].sub.n, where n is 1 to 4, denotes identical or different reactive radicals Y, in aqueous medium at a pH value above 8, without the addition of a dispersant or swelling agent, and in the temperature range from 20.degree. to 40.degree. C. for 6 to 48 hours, and storing the impregnated goods in the moist state for 6 to 48 hours at a temperature from 20.degree. to 60.degree. C.Dyeings with good fastness properties are obtained with this process.

Abstract: A method of applying alignment stripes to the surface of a papermakers' felt includes the steps of printing a dye pattern in the form of the stripes on a sheet of transfer paper, employing heat sublimatible transfer dyes, applying such a sheet with the transferable dye thereon adjacent an inside surface of a felt as mounted on a felt finishing setup which includes a heated head roll, and causing said sheet to be drawn with the felt between the felt and heated roll, while maintaining tension in the felt. The heated head roll causes the transfer of the dye pattern defining the alignment strip from the sheet to the adjacent surface of the felt.

Abstract: A monoazo dyestuff mixture which comprises 90-30% by weight of a monoazo dyestuff of the general formula [II]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 is C.sub.3-6 alkyl, C.sub.

Abstract: A process for the continuous dyeing of fabric webs, in which the fabric web is impregnated at a temperature between 20.degree. and 95.degree. C. with an aqueous liquor which contains dissolved and/or dispersed dyestuffs and squeezed, and the dyestuffs are fixed in a steam/air mixture, which comprises fixing the dyestuff without the impregnated fabric having been dried at an intermediate stage, keeping the dry temperature of the steam/air mixture between 110.degree. and 140.degree. C., adjusting the steam content of the steam air mixture in such a way that the wet temperature of the moist fabric web is between 50.degree. and 95.degree. C., and fixing the dyestuffs for at least 20 seconds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new dyeing process based on the exhaustion principle. It is characterized in that dyeing liquors are used which, in addition to the dyestuff or dyestuff mixture, contain one or more salts, at least one compound having a glycidyl radical and, if appropriate, further auxiliaries.

Abstract: A high bulk olefin blended yarn includes selected percentages by weight of olefin fiber with naturally occuring fiber such as cotton or wool, which are cut and blended together to form a staple thereof which are then spun and twisted in a conventional manner to form the blended yarn, the yarn becoming a high bulk yarn under controlled high heat levels. Preferably, 60% to 85% of cotton or wool by weight and 40% to 15% of olefin by weight are blended together. In a modified form, 20% to 40% by weight of polyester can replace a like amount of weight of the cotton or wool to reduce the cost thereof. The olefin in the fabric formed from the high bulk olefin blended yarn produces a wicking action capable of transmitting moisture from the wearer's body.

Abstract: Azo dyestuffs free from groups imparting solubility in water are used in the process for the production of white or variously colored designs on a colored substrate on textile materials containing hydrophobic, synthetic fibers by impregnating the materials with dye liquors containing dyeing auxiliaries and padding auxiliaries as well as dyestuffs which are dischargeable to white, drying or incipiently drying the impregnated materials, printing the materials with an alkaline discharge reserve paste which contains a discharging agent, and subsequently subjecting the materials to a heat treatment at temperatures from 100.degree. to 230.degree. C., wherein said discharging agent is a base which produces a pH value of at least 8 in a 5% strength aqueous solution and the dyestuffs which are dischargeable to white are of the formulaD--N.dbd.N--K--NHSO.sub.

Abstract: Propylene oxide reaction products, and the salts or quaternization products thereof are provided which are obtained from(a) an at least trihydric aliphatic alcohol of 3 to 10 carbon atoms,(b) 1,2-propylene oxide,(c) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid of 8 to 12 carbon atoms or the anhydrides thereof,and at least one of the following components:(d) an aliphatic diol with a molecular weight of at most 2000,(e) a fatty alcohol containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms,(f) a fatty acid containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and(g) an aliphatic monoamine or diamine containing 2 to 12 carbon atoms,of which component (g) is used only at the conclusion and only if component (c) is ethylenically unsaturated.The inventive products are suitable for widely varying uses in textile finishing.

Abstract: The invention relates to formulations which are stable to metal ions and contain a stilbene fluorescent whitening agent which is substituted by sulfo groups, and an acid phosphoric acid ester of an oxyalkylated fatty amine of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are preferably hydrogen, X is the acid radical of phosphoric acid and the sum of n+m is 2 to 30, preferably 4 to 20. The formulations can additionally contain various assistants such as non-ionic or anionic surfactants and/or organic solvents or polar compounds. The formulations are used for whitening natural and synthetic fabrics, e.g. made from polyamide, cellulose and blended fabrics, as well as paper.

Abstract: A liquid composition suitable for the domestic dyeing of polyester fabrics which comprises a liquid disperse dye, a diffusion accelerant, an anionic or non-ionic emulsifying agent and a compatible textile lubricant.

Abstract: A process for the dyeing of textiles consisting of wool without anti-felt finish or wool having an anti-felt finish in the form of a coating of a polyimine resin or a polyacrylic resin, or textiles containing such wool, with reactive dyes according to the exhaust method, which comprises dyeing said textiles in aqueous dyeing baths containing at least one commercial reactive dyestuff the starting pH of which is in the weakly acidic to neutral range, by heating rapidly to the dyeing temperature of 110.degree. to 125.degree. C. immediately after addition of the dissolved dyestuff, and by dyeing at this temperature for 10 to 20 minutes, while omitting the addition of pH-regulating substances during the whole dyeing operation.

Abstract: A novel process for the continuous dyeing of cellulose textile material with anionic substantive dyes is disclosed. The process consists initially in applying to the cellulose material an aqueous liquor which, in addition to the dye, contains(A) 2.5 to 15 g/l of an etherified N-methylolmelamine,(B) an acid catalyst and at least one of the components(C) an anionic surfactant,(D) a non-ionic surfactant and(E) an organic solvent which boils above 140.degree. C.The material is then dried, if desired, and subsequently subjected to a heat treatment. An increase in dye yield of 100 to 400% is obtained with this process in continuous dyeing, especially in a pad-thermofix process. The dyeings are level and have excellent wetfastness and lightfastness properties.

Abstract: Dyeing of structures made of polyesters or cellulose esters with disperse dyestuffs is carried out in the presence of chlorinated alkylbenzenes of the general formula ##STR1## in which n=1-3 andR=H or alkyl with 1-4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An aqueous formulation which contains(a) 10-50% of lecithin,(b) 5-40% of an oxyethylated carboxylic acid of the general formulaR--CO--O--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--).sub.n HIin whichR represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical with 11-21 carbon atoms andn represents a number between 4 and 12,(c) 5-40% of an oxyethylated alcohol of the general formulaR'--O--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--).sub.m HIIin whichR' represents a saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical with 12-20 carbon atoms andm represents a number between 10 and 30, and(d) 0-20% of an alkanol with 1-3 carbon atoms, of a glycol with 2-4 carbon atoms or alkyl ethers thereof with 1-4 carbon atoms, or of diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol or tetraethylene glycol or alkyl ethers thereof with 1-4 carbon atoms,is used for dyeing woven goods and knitted goods of polyester fibres or fibre mixtures containing polyester fibres with disperse dyestuffs in an aqueous liquor at temperatures of 95.degree.-140.degree. C.

Abstract: A process of dyeing or printing of synthetic fiber materials by means of disperse dyes carried out in the presence of at least one derivative of a metal having an atomic number in the range of 24 through 30 to prevent or diminish the degradation of the dye during the dyeing or printing process, and ready-to-use colorant compositions for this process.

Abstract: Polyester or polyester blend textile material is dyed with a disperse dyestuff in the presence of a benzalketo derivative as a dyeing carrier.

Abstract: A process for dyeing wool or wool/synthetic blends with 1:1 metal complex dyes or acid metal-free wool dyes from a strongly acid aqueous bath, which comprises dyeing said material in the presence of(a) a quaternization product of a polyalkylene oxide adduct of a fatty amine containing at least 16 carbon atoms and 15 to 100 moles of alkylene oxide, and(b) a free or etherified N-methylolurea or N-methylolmelamine.