Abstract: Biorenewable polyesters and polyester copolymers derived from camphoric acid, aromatic dicarboxylic acid and aliphatic diols and methods of making those copolyesters and articles comprising copolyesters are disclosed. The disclosed biorenewable copolyesters may can have a Mn of from about 5,000 Da to about 500,000 Da. Also disclosed are preparation methods of various monomers e.g., cis-1,4-anhydroerythritol and bis(2-hydroxyethyl) camphorate. The disclosed biorenewable polyesters and polyester copolymers can be used for production of various articles utilizing a conventional polyesters or polyester copolymers, to replace, in part or in whole, a conventional non-biorenewable polyesters or polyester copolymers.

Abstract: In one aspect, the disclosure relates to biorenewable polyesters and polyester copolymers derived from camphoric acid, methods of making same, and articles comprising same. The disclosed biorenewable polyesters can have a Mn of from about 5,000 Da to about 500,000 Da. Also disclosed herein is the preparation of various monomers useful in the reactions disclosed herein, e.g., cis-1,4-anhydroerythritol and bis(2-hydroxyethyl) camphorate. In various aspects, the disclosed biorenewable polyesters and polyester copolymers can be used to the production of various articles utilizing a conventional polyester or polyester copolymer, that is, to replace, in part or in whole, a conventional nonbiorenewable polyester or polyester copolymer. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Abstract: A hair coloring composition comprising: a) dihydroxyacetone or a derivative thereof; b) from 0.2 to 10 wt % of the total composition of a cationic conditioning compound c) a sulphonic compound of formula: H2N—(CHR1}pS(—X)q—Y in which where p is an integer from 1 to 5, R1 is H or an alkyl group, X is O or S q is an integer from 0 or 1. Y is an alkyl group or hydroxyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laundry shading process with specific blue or violet bisazo-dyes alone or in combination with a photocatalyst. Further aspects of the invention are a composition comprising at least one photocatalyst and at least one of the specific bisazo-dyes. The composition is particularly useful for shading textiles during laundry. Further aspects of the invention are a detergent composition, a fabric softener composition containing these dyes or mixtures of these dyes and photocatalysts and novel blue or violet bisazo-dyes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reactive printing dye composition, which includes: (a) at least one reactive dye; (b) an organic buffer; and (c) a mirabilite or a dispersant. The reactive printing dye composition of the present invention is capable for being used in the fabric-dyeing, for example, dyeing of cotton, hemp, silk, rayon, wool, blending, etc. The reactive printing dye composition of the present invention is advantageous in high pH value stability, high storage stability, and reduced degradation in dyeing strength. In addition, the present invention further provides an aqueous reactive printing dye composition.

Abstract: An oligomer removing agent for polyester-based fiber materials comprises a polyester copolymer which is obtained by polycondensation of a dibasic acid component containing 15-65 mol % of a sulfonate group-containing dibasic acid and a dihydric alcohol component containing polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 900-3500, and which has a 200° C. melt viscosity of 5000-23,000 mPa·s and has 10-40 mass % polyoxyethylene chains in the molecule. The oligomer removing agent is able to overcome the problems caused by deposition of polyester oligomers, when added to the dyeing bath in a dyeing step for polyester fiber materials or for fiber materials that are composites thereof with other fiber materials.

Abstract: Solubility changeable dye compositions include a dye component linked via a linker moiety to a stimulus responsive hydrophobic moiety which modulates the solubility of the dye, wherein the hydrophobic moiety is configured to be de-linked from the dye component on exposure to a stimulus and render the dye component more hydrophilic. A method of dying a substrate with such dye compositions includes contacting the dye with the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are solubility changeable dye compositions, methods of preparing such compositions and methods of using them. The composition includes a dye component linked via a linker moiety to a stimulus responsive hydrophobic moiety which modulates the solubility of the dye, wherein the hydrophobic moiety is configured to be de-linked from the dye component on exposure to a stimulus and render the dye component more hydrophilic.

Abstract: An oxidation hair dye composition that provides an improved dyeing property. The oxidation hair dye composition comprises an oxidation dye, an alkaline chemical, and an oxidizing agent. The oxidation hair dye composition further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of microbial hyaluronic acids and salts thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dyes of the general formula (1) where M and X are each as defined in claim 1, dye mixtures comprising one or more of the dyes of the general formula (1) and also one or more further fiber-reactive dyes, processes for their preparation, their use and printing inks comprising same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dyes of formula (1) that are soluble in organic solvents, wherein Cat+ is an organic cation, to a process for their preparation and to their use in the production of colored plastics or polymeric color particles, printing colorants, printing pastes and printing inks.

Abstract: A method for producing a colored cellulose fiber, comprising: a step (1) of introducing a carboxylic group or a sulfonic acid group into cellulose fiber, and a step (2) of treating the cellulose fiber having the carboxylic group or the sulfonic acid group introduced with an aromatic derivative having one or more hydroxyl groups and a metal salt simultaneously or separately, and a colored cellulose fiber produced by the same method.

Abstract: A method for dyeing textiles with reducible dyes in the presence of borohydride and bisulfite.

Abstract: A hair dye composition comprising a component (A), which is a specified long-chain acyl sulfonic acid salt anionic surfactant, in an amount of 0.1 to 10.0 wt. %; a component (B), which is an aliphatic alcohol, in an amount of 0.25 to 25.0 wt. %; and a component (C), which is an acid dye and/or a natural dyestuff. The hair dye composition is stable even in a strongly acidic region (pH 1.5 to 4.5) where it exerts a dyeing effect. It has an appropriate viscosity and provides excellent sensation upon use. Furthermore, the composition can be easily rinsed off after use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oxidizing composition for keratin fibers, in particular for human keratin fibers and more particularly the hair, comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium: at least one oxidizing agent chosen from the group formed by hydrogen peroxide and compounds capable of producing hydrogen peroxide by hydrolysis, or mixtures thereof, at least one copolymer (b) based on 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid and acrylamide, and at least one polymer (c) chosen from crosslinked 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid homopolymers or amphiphilic copolymers consisting of at least one sequence of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulphonic acid units and at least one unit comprising a hydrophobic portion. The invention also relates to the dyeing, permanent-waving, bleaching and stripping processes and devices using the said composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to acid-resistant solutions containing aromatic formaldehyde condensation products having sulfonate and/or carboxylate groups, aliphatic carboxylic acids, aromatic sulfonic acids, and glycol ether solvents, to the preparation thereof, and to their use as leveling agents, dispersants or fastness improvers in textile finishing, as tanning agents for leather, and in the stain resist finishing of textile materials.

Abstract: A process for reduction clearing dyed or printed polyester textiles, which comprises adding, to an acidic dyeing liquor or a wash bath, an aftertreatment composition comprising as components a) at least one compound of the formula (I) Am[(CR1R2)mSO2M]p,q  (I)  where A is NR33−q or OR42−p; p,q means q when A is NR33−q, and p when A is OR42−p; R1, R2, R4 are each hydrogen or C1-C6-alkyl; R3 represents identical or different radicals selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl opt.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel mixtures of sulfuric esters and specific sulfuric esters that are useful as leveling agents for the dyeing of nitrogenous fiber materials and to a process for their preparation by reacting sulfuryl chloride with specific alcohols.

Abstract: A liquid dyestuff composition comprising from 4 to 50 wt % of a basic or cationic water soluble dyestuff, an organic or inorganic acid and 0.1 to 15.0 wt % of a phenolic derivative, the dyestuff having a solubility in water in the presence or absence of a phenolic derivative of at least 1 g/liter at a temperature of 25° C. and the composition being made up to 100 wt % by water and optionally a water-miscible solvent and/or a dissolving auxiliary; a process of dyeing a substrate like paper with such composition; a powder or granulate form of such composition and the use of such a composition or powder or granulate thereof in a dyeing process.

Abstract: Improved dyestuff compositions comprising a dye cake and a dye dispersant are disclosed wherein the dye dispersant comprises sulfonated or sulfomethylated lignin of increased activity and improved heat stability properties and which dispersants are disclosed to be prepared by substantial removal of the low molecular weight component of the sulfonated and sulfomethylated lignin. Exclusion of the low molecular weight portion of the dispersant may be accomplished by fractionation of the sulfonated or sulfomethylated lignin to remove a substantial portion of the molecules having a molecular weight below 3,000. Alternatively, in the case of lignin recovered from sulfate or soda wood pulping processes, the lignin may be fractionated to remove a substantial portion of the molecules having a molecular weight below 3,000 prior to sulfonation or sulfomethylation.

Abstract: A liquid dyestuff composition comprising from 4 to 50 wt % of a basic or cationic water soluble dyestuff, an organic or inorganic acid and 0.1 to 15.0 wt % of a phenolic derivative, the dyestuff having a solubility in water in the presence or absence of a phenolic derivative of at least 1 g/liter at a temperature of 25.degree. C. and the composition being made up to 100 wt % by water and optionally a water-miscible solvent and/or a dissolving auxiliary; a process of dyeing a substrate like paper with such composition; a powder or granulate form of such composition and the use of such a composition or powder or granulate thereof in a dyeing process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid or pulverulent textile dye preparations including one or more dispersants based on an alkoxylated and carboxylic-esterified castor oil of the general formula I ##STR1## where A, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, Z.sup.3, n.sup.1 and n.sup.2 are each as defined in Claim 1.

Abstract: Processes for coloring a fiber or textile by adding a carbon black product having an organic group attached to the carbon black. In one process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in the absence of an externally applied electric current sufficient to reduce the diazonium salt. In another process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in a protic reaction medium. Carbon black products which may be prepared according to process of the invention are described as well as uses of such carbon black products in plastic compositions, rubber compositions, paper compositions, and textile compositions.

Abstract: Methods are provided for treating polyester, polyamide, acrylic, aramid or cellulosic substrates to improve the uniformity of dyeing and to improve the hydrophilic, soil-release, odor-, mildew-, bacterial- and fungal- resistant properties of these substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous textile treatment composition comprising:a) a non-reactive UVA compound;b) an emulsifier for the UVA compound;c) water, and, optionally,d) a polysiloxane-based product;as well as a method of treating a textile fibre material with this composition. The treated textile fibre material, in addition to having an excellent sun protection factor (SPF) value, may also exhibit improved wash permanence and other desirable properties.

Abstract: An invention is disclosed which pertains to a method for purifying water soluble dyes, such as quinoline, fluoran, and xanthene dyes. The method comprises the steps of A) adding a metal salt to the water soluble dye to form a water insoluble dye salt of the metal; B) isolating the water insoluble dye salt of step A; C) converting the water insoluble dye salt of step B into a water soluble dye solution; and D) isolating the water soluble dye from the solution of step C. The present invention teaches a straight forward, economical, and environmentally sound method for purifying water soluble dyes of FDA certifiable purity and with an aesthetically improved shade.

Abstract: A composition and a process are disclosed for imparting durable antimicrobial properties to fibrous materials. The composition contains a leveling surfactant and a water-insoluble antimicrobial compound. In one embodiment, simultaneous dyeing and antimicrobial finishing of a fibrous material is achieved using an aqueous dye bath containing the aforesaid composition.

Abstract: Improved dyestuff compositions comprising a dye cake and a dye dispersant are disclosed wherein the dye dispersant comprises sulfonated or sulfomethylated lignin of increased activity and improved heat stability properties and which dispersants are disclosed to be prepared by substantial removal of the low molecular weight component of the sulfonated and sulfomethylated lignin. Exclusion of the low molecular weight portion of the dispersant may be accomplished by fractionation of the sulfonated or sulfomethylated lignin to remove a substantial portion of the molecules having a molecular weight below 3,000. Alternatively, in the case of lignin recovered from sulfate or soda wood pulping processes, the lignin may be fractionated to remove a substantial portion of the molecules having a molecular weight below 3,000 prior to sulfonation or sulfomethylation.

Abstract: Improved dyestuff compositions comprising a dye cake and a dye dispersant are disclosed wherein the dye dispersant comprises sulfonated or sulfomethylated lignin of increased activity and improved heat stability properties and which dispersants are disclosed to be prepared by substantial removal of the low molecular weight component of the sulfonated and sulfomethylated lignin. Exclusion of the low molecular weight portion of the dispersant may be accomplished by fractionation of the sulfonated or sulfomethylated lignin to remove a substantial portion of the molecules having a molecular weight below 3,000. Alternatively, in the case of lignin recovered from sulfate or soda wood pulping processes, the lignin may be fractionated to remove a substantial portion of the molecules having a molecular weight below 3,000 prior to sulfonation or sulfomethylation.

Abstract: A low temperature microemulsion dyeing process for polyester fibers includes the steps of microemulsifying a swelling agent in water to form a continuous microemulsion solution, adding dyestuff and a dye solubility assistant agent selected from the group of short chain alcohols, dyeing polyester fibers at room temperature for 1-3 hours, washing the polyester fibers with a nonionic washing agent and thereafter drying the dyed polyester fibers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of phenol- and naphthol-novolak alkoxylate mixed esters which as dyeing auxiliaries in the dyeing of polyester-cellulose blend fabrics prevent soiling of the cellulose portion by the disperse dyestuff and to processes for the continuous dyeing of such blend fabrics using phenol- and naphthol-novolak alkoxylate mixed esters.

Abstract: A process for the dyeing of fiber materials with water-soluble anionic dyes, in particular those having a fiber-reactive group, is described, according to which dyeing is carried out using low-electrolyte or entirely electrolyte-free and/or low-alkali or entirely alkali-free dye solutions (dye liquors, printing pastes) and in which a fiber material is used which was modified by means of a saturated straight-chain or branched aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compound which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more hydroxy groups and contains at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amino group or quaternary ammonium group and at least one hydrolyzable ester group, it also being possible for the aliphatic radical in this compound to be interrupted by one or more hetero groups.

Abstract: The invention provides the following dyeing method: A method of dyeing a cellulosic textile article characterized by immersing the article in an aqueous dispersion containing a cation-treated coloring agent in the first place and, then, immersing it in an aqueous solution or dispersion of an anionic compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acid dye-leveling composition that is useful for imparting a dye-leveling characteristic to fibers, as well as acting as a cleaner for hard surfaces or for fibers. The composition comprises (a) the reaction product of a piperazine compound, a piperazinone compound, an amine compound, or a combination thereof, with an alkyl diphenyl ether sulfonic acid, and (b) an alcohol alkoxylate.

Abstract: Compounds and mixtures of compounds obtainable by condensation of sulphonation products of defined alkyl-substituted naphthalenes and sulphonation products of optionally alkyl-substituted diphenylethers with formaldehye and optionally treated with further components, are valuable interface-active compounds suitable as assistants in various application fields, in particular as dispersing or levelling agents in the dyeing with disperse dyes or as tanning-assistants or dyeing-assistants for leather.

Abstract: Processes for improving the thermal and/or photochemical stability of undyed and dyed polyamide fibers by treatment with an agent from an aqueous bath containing (A) a compound of the formula (I) defined in claim 1 and (B) a UV absorber.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing non-skittery and level dyeings on wool with reactive dyes in the presence of an auxiliary combination, which process comprises dyeing wool with an aqueous liquor consisting of at least one reactive dye and an auxiliary combination comprising, as component (a), at least one compound of formula ##STR1## and, as component (b), at least one compound of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently of the other an aliphatic radical of 12 to 24 carbon atoms,Q and Q' are each independently of the other C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, --CH.sub.2 --CO--NH.sub.2, ##STR3## A.sup..crclbar. and A'.sup..crclbar. are an anion, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.2 are each independently of one another hydrogen, SO.sub.3 M or PO.sub.3 M,wherein M is hydrogen, alkali metal or ammonium, t.sub.1 and t.sub.2 are 1 or 0, when t.sub.1 and t.sub.2 are O, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.2 are hydrogen or one of Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.

Abstract: In the process for the trichromatic dyeing or printing of natural and synthetic polyamide fibre materials, mixtures of reactive dyes, wherein blue-dyeing reactive dyes of the formula ##STR1## in which X is halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, cyano or nitro, n is the number 0, 1 or 2, q is the number 0 or 1, m is the number 1, 2 or 3, Z is halogen and Y is a CN, CHO or S(O).sub.p R group in which p is the number 0, 1 or 2 and R is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl or phenyl, are used together with sulfo-containing yellow- or orange-dyeing reactive dyes and sulfo-containing red-dyeing reactive dyes, have a uniform color build-up in combination with shade constancy in different concentrations and good compatibility.

Abstract: Compositions for use as dye assistants are formed from a non-phenolic aromatic swelling agent for the fiber to be dyed mixed with just enough dispersant to cause a non-foaming emulsion upon dilution of the dye assistant in water, but not enough dispersant to interfere with the swelling process of the fiber by the dye assistant. Thus, the swelling agent is mixed with the minimum amount of surfactant required for the production of an emulsion and dispersion of the dye with little or no foaming in the dye bath. Formulations can also be prepared having higher levels of water which are non-flammable.

Abstract: Levelling agents containingI. ethers of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 denotes alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl,R.sub.2 denotes hydrogen or methyl,x denotes 1, 2 or 3 andy denotes 0 to 7, andII. emulsifiers and, if desired,III. carriers for the dyeing of polyesters are used for the high-temperature dyeing of polyester fibres and polyester-containing materials.

Abstract: Natural polyamide fibres, in particular wool, are dyed by means of reactive dyes using the exhaust method in the presence of a dyeing assistant consisting of a combination of (a) quaternized ammonium compounds of polyglycol compounds and (b) of acidic esters or salts thereof derived from at least dibasic oxyacids and from polyglycol compounds, both the quaternary ammonium compounds and the acidic esters being derived from an aliphatic amine having 12 to 24 carbon atoms in the aliphatic moiety. The process comprises carrying out the dyeing in the additional presence of (c) a fatty alcohol/polyalkylene glycol ether of the formulaR-O-(alkylene-O.sub.m H (1)in which R is an aliphatic radical having at least 8 carbon atoms, "alkylene" is an ethylene radical or propylene radical and m is 3 to 25.

Abstract: A process for dyeing textile planar fabrics made from natural or synthetic polyamides with anionic dyes by(a) locally applying a resist agent by itself or in conjunction with an anionic dye of fluorescent whitening agent,(b) subjecting the textiles to a heat treatment, and(c) carrying out ground dyeing with a dye liquor that contains a further anionic dye,which process comprises using, as resist agent, a melamine compound of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently phenyl or naphthyl, each of which may be substituted by halogen, hydroxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy, Z is an acid water-solubilizing group, and m is 1 to 6.

Abstract: A composition comprising:(a) 30 to 90% by weight of one or more water soluble anionic dyestuffs in metal complex form,(b) 0.5 to 20% by weight of one or more compounds of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.12-22 alkyl or C.sub.12-22 alkenyl; R.sub.2 is hydrogen or --SO.sub.3 M;m is 2, 3 or 4;n is 2, 3 or 4;p+p' is 10 to 30 inclusive, each of p and p' being at least 1; and M is a cation; and(c) 5 to 40% by weight of a dispersing agent.These compositions are suitable for dyeing of textile and leather substrates.

Abstract: An assistant for dyeing or whitening synthetic nitrogen-containing fibre material, which comprises(A) a sulfonated polycarboxylate,(B) an anionic surfactant,(C) a nonionic surfactant, and(D) a water-soluble organic, polar solvent.The assistant is especially useful for dyeing or whitening polyamide fibres.

Abstract: A liquid dye preparation comprising an aqueous solution containing at least 0.5% by weight of a water-soluble anionic dye and at least 0.1% by weight of a surfactant of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents a non-ionic substituent,m represents an integer from 0 to 3,X represents a divalent bridging atom or group,Y represents a C.sub.2-4 alkylene radical,n represents an integer of at least 2, andZ represents hydrogen, akyl, sulpho or phosphino.

Abstract: Improved dyestuff compositions are disclosed herein comprising, as dispersants, sulfonated lignins prepared by selectively isolating lignins having molecular weights greater than 5,000 and subsequently reacting the lignin with sodium sulfite and an aldehyde.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dyeing assistant comprising at least(A) an alkylsulfonate, alkylbenzenesulfonate or alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, the straight or branched alkyl chain of which contains 3 to 22 carbon atoms, and(B) a quaternary ammonium compound which contains at least one basic nitrogen atom to which are attached at least one polyglycol ether chain and at least one aliphatic radical of 10 to 22 carbon atoms, said polyglycol ether chain containing at least one grouping of the formula ##STR1## wherein one of Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other is the phenyl radical, and optionally(C) a siloxane/oxyalkylene copolymer and/or(D) a polar solvent.This dyeing assistant is used in particular for dyeing or printing synthetic polyamide fibre material with anionic dyes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the non-skittery and level dyeing of fibre material made of natural polyamides, with dyes or mixtures of dyes in the presence of a mixture of dyeing assistants, which comprises using for dyeing these materials an aqueous liquor which contains at least one anionic wool dye which, under the defined dyeing conditions at 1/1 standard depth, exhausts to at least 95%, and a dyeing assistant mixture containing an anionic compound of the formula ##STR1## in which R is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, M is hydrogen, an alkali metal or ammonium, and m and n are integers such that the sum of m and n is 2 to 14, a quaternary compound of the formula ##STR2## in which R', independently of R, is what R has been defined as, A is an anion, Q is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl radical, and p and q are integers such that the sum of p and q is 20 to 50 , and a non-ionic compound of the formula ##STR3## in which R", independently of R, is what R has been defined

Abstract: An improved process for preparing discharge prints on textile materials containing hydrophobic fibers wherein at least one disperse dyestuff dischargeable to white is applied to the textile material in the form of a dyeing liquor of print paste and also contacted by a pattern-applied discharge resist print paste, and then the material is heat treated at 100.degree. to 230.degree. C., wherein the improvement comprises said discharge resist print paste having, under the heat treatment conditions, a pH value of zero to 3.

Abstract: Improved sulfonated lignin surfactants are provided for use as dispersants in dyestuffs. The process for providing the improved surfactants relates to using metals and borate salts to react with the azo dye reducing dihydroxy functions of the lignin molecule through chelation and ester formation mechanisms thereby inhibiting the lignin's azo dye reducing characteristics.