Abstract: Doubled reactive dyes of the general formula I ##STR1## where Chr is a chromophore residue with or without further fiber-reactive groups and derived from a metallized or unmetallized mono- or disazo dye, from a triphendioxazine, from an anthraquinone, from a metallized formazan or from a metallized phthalocyanine,Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and Z.sup.3 are each independently of the others hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl,Hal is fluorine or chlorineL.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are each independently of the other C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkylene with or without interruption by 1 or 2 unadjacent oxygen atoms, andA is hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 -alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted phenoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkylamino,and their mixtures are prepared and useful for dyeing or printing hydroxyl-containing or nitrogenous substances.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dye mixture comprising one or more copper complex formazan dyes conforming to the formula (1) ##STR1## and one or more copper complex formazan dyes conforming to the formula (2) ##STR2## wherein R1, R2, Y1, Y2 and M are defined as given in claim 1, methods for preparing said dye mixtures and methods for dyeing and printing hydroxy- and/or carboxamido-containing materials using said dye mixtures.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) or a mixture thereof ##STR1## The compounds are useful as solvent dyestuffs and exhibit high solubility in alcoholic solvents, e.g. ethanol.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pattern dyeing of textile substrates in which the dyeing is done in two stages. In the first stage, a dye is uniformly applied in a manner that allows the dye to fix on contact. The uniformly dyed substrate is then moved under a series of spaced arrays, each array being associated with a separate color and being comprised of a plurality of individually controlled liquid dye applicators. Liquid dye of a given color is selectively applied through one or more dye applicators as the substrate passes under the array associated with that color. The applied dye remains unfixed until the substrate passes under all the arrays and the patterning is complete, whereupon all dye applied by the dye applicators is fixed by steaming or other appropriate application of energy to the substrate.

Abstract: Stable aqueous dye compositions containing at least one anionic colorant and at least one pigment and a polyanionic thickening agent. The dye compositions may be used to dye leather.

Abstract: Mixtures of 2:1 Aluminium complexes of the type (Ic) are useful as solvent dyes.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for dyeing or printing fiber material by the pigment dyeing or pigment printing process, which comprises applying to the fiber material, and subsequently fixing, a dyeing liquor or a print paste comprising at least one dye of the formulaD--(X).sub.n (1)in whichD is a radical of an insoluble organic dye of the phthalocyanine, perinone, indigoid, thioindigoid, dioxazine, diketopyrrolopyrrole, isoindolinone, perylene, quinacridone, metal complex, monoazo, disazo, trisazo or anthraquinone series, X is a hydrophilic polar radical, and n is 1, 2 or 3, and at least one pigment dye binder, and also, if desired, further auxiliaries.

Abstract: A process for dying materials containing natural or synthetic polyamides is disclosed. The process includes immersing the materials to be dyed in a dye bath containing an acid dye. The pH of the dye bath is initially at a level that substantially inhibits the dye from being absorbed by the polymer. In accordance with the present invention, however, an acid producing composition is added to the bath which gradually reduces the pH of the bath and allows for uniform diffusion of the dye into the polymer. The acid producing composition of the present invention is a maleate ester, which, in one embodiment, is the reaction product of maleic acid or maleic anhydride and a glycol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel dyeing assistant preparations comprising, as component (a), at least one amine oxide of the formula ##STR1## in which R is an aliphatic radical having 8 to 24 carbon atoms andR.sub.1 is an aliphatic radical which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl and has 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms,as component (b), at least one compound of the formulaR.sub.2 --U--(R.sub.3 --O).sub.m --W (2),in whichR.sub.2 is an aliphatic radical having 8 to 24 carbon atoms,R.sub.3 is alkylene having 2 to 4 carbon atoms,U is --O-- or ##STR2## in which Z is a direct bond, (R.sub.3 --O)).sub.r or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylene andW.sub.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, carboxyl, isocyanato, phenyl, benzyloxymethylene or phenethyloxymethylene, m and r independently of one another are a number from 2 to 25,(R.sub.3 --O).sub.m is m identical or different radicals (R.sub.3 --O) and(R.sub.3 --O).sub.

Abstract: Process for increasing the sun protection factor of cellulosic fibre materials by treating the cellulosic fibre materials with at least one direct dye and at least one UV absorber.

Abstract: Stain-resistant, lightfast nylon carpet is prepared by dyeing cationic-dyeable nylon fibers by applying a print paste containing an acid dye or a premetallized acid dye at a pH of from about 2.0 to about 6-5 and fixing the dye to the fibers, forming the printed nylon fibers into a carpet, applying a print paste containing an acid dye or premetallized acid dye and dyeing the nylon fibers contacted with the print pastes and thereafter heating the dyeladen fibers to fix the dye into the fibers. Stain-resistant lightfast nylon yarns are prepared by printing cationic-dyeable yarn with a premetallized acid dye at a pH of about 4.0 to less than about 6.5 then fixing the dye to the yarn.

Abstract: Liquid or solid mixtures of low-salt sulfo-containing 1:2 metal complex dyes and poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone or copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate are especially useful for dyeing paper and wood and also for dyeing and finishing leather and fur.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or SO.sub.3 M, ##STR2## M is hydrogen or a non-chromophoric cation and X.sup.+ is hydrogen or a non-chromophoric cation, are useful as dyes for oxidized aluminium substrates.

Abstract: A process for preparing photochemically stable dyed nylon compositions includes providing to a dyebath a shaped article of poly(epsilon-caprolactam) hydrolytically polymerized in the presence of water, a carboxylic acid chain regulator and a hindered piperidine derivative; and in the dyebath, dyeing the shaped article with one or more metalized or nonmetalized acid dyestuffs.

Abstract: A phosphate-free and silicate-free aqueous alkali composition consisting essentially of water, a water soluble base selected from the group consisting essentially of alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal carbonate and mixtures thereof, wherein the base is present in an amount sufficient to yield a composition pH of about 11 to about 12 at a composition concentration of about 0.1 wt % to about 1 wt % in a dye bath, and an aminopolycarboxylate sequestrant in an amount sufficient to sequester metal ion impurities and prevent destructive reactive dye hydrolysis when the composition is used to dye fabric in the presence of reactive dye and metal ion impurities. Also disclosed is a dye bath containing the composition and a method of using the composition in reactive dyeing.

Abstract: A process for preparing photochemically stable dyed nylon compositions includes providing to a dyebath a shaped article of poly(epsilon-caprolactam) hydrolytically polymerized in the presence of water, a carboxylic acid chain regulator and a hindered piperidine derivative; and in the dyebath, dyeing the shaped article with one or more metalized or nonmetalized acid dyestuffs.

Abstract: An azo compound of the following formulae (I) or (II): ##STR1## wherein Q.sub.1 represents a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, Q.sub.2 represents a phenyl group; R represents hydroxy group; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy group or a halogen atom; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy group or a substituted amino group; and X represents --NH--, --NHCO-- or --N.dbd.N--; or a salt thereof;and a polarizing film containing the same.

Abstract: Dye preparations comprising one or more dyes with no water-solubilizing groups in the molecule from the class of the metal complex azo dyes or the metal phthalocyanines and reaction products between from 1 to 50 mol of ethylene oxide and 1 mol of castor oil are useful for coloring granular or pulverulent substrates and for preparing aqueous dye preparations useful in printing inks.

Abstract: Dye mixtures which comprise at least one 1:2 chromium complex dye of the formula (1) ##STR1## together with at least one 1:2 chromium or 1:2 cobalt complex dye of two identical or two different azo compounds from the group consisting of compounds of the formulae (2), (3) and (4) or together with at least one 1:2 cobalt complex dye of the formazan compound of the formula (5) or together with at least one anthraquinone dye of the formula (6). The dyes of formulae (1) are defined herein.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## iron complexes thereof and mixtures of such iron complexes, wherein D is a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic diazo component radical of the benzene series containing one --SO.sub.3 M group or is ##STR2## R.sub.1 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and R.sub.4 is hydrogen, chloro or C.sub.1-2 alkyl,wherein R' is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.2-4 hydroxyalkyl, methoxy(C.sub.2-4 alkyl) or ##STR3## R" is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.2-4 hydroxyalkyl or methoxy(C.sub.2-4 alkyl), or--NR'R" is a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring,R.sub.5 is hydrogen, chloro or C.sub.1-2 alkyl, andX is hydrogen or hydroxy,wherein each R.sub.2 is independently hydrogen, chloro, hydroxy, C.sub.1-2 alkyl, C.sub.1-2 alkoxy or --SO.sub.2 NR.sub.o R.sub.o, andeach R.sub.3 is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-2 alkyl, C.sub.1-2 alkoxy, --COOM, trifluoromethyl or --NR"'R"",wherein each R"' and R"" is independently C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.2-4 hydroxyalkyl, methoxy(C.sub.2-4 alkyl) or carbamoyl(C.sub.

Abstract: Reactive dye mixtures comprising the dyes of the formulae ##STR1## where Kat.sup..sym. is a cation, L is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkylene, and X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 are each vinyl or a radical of the formula C.sub.2 H.sub.4 -Q, where Q is a group detachable under alkaline reaction conditions, in a weight ratio of from 20:80 to 90:10, are useful for dyeing or printing hydroxyl-containing or nitrogenous organic substrates.

Abstract: A continuous dyeing, space dyeing or printing process for dyeing cationic dyeable polyamide fibers comprising the steps of applying a premetalized acid or acid dye to the fiber at a pH of 2.5 and below, and the dyed polyamide fiber resulting therefrom. The dyeing process generates cationic dyeable polyamide fiber dyed or printed in light to deep shades without bleeding and without producing badly contaminated dye water effluent.

Abstract: Stain-resistant nylon, especially cationic-dyeable carpet nylon, is prepared by dyeing and/or printing cationic-dyeable nylon fibers with acid or premetallized dye. Lightfastness and depth of shade of an apparent value equal to acid dyeable nylons is obtained with superior stain resistance equal to commercially available solution dyed nylon carpeting.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing or printing hydroxyl group containing fiber materials, which comprises using at least one yellow or orange dyeing dye of formula ##STR1## wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, together with at least one blue dyeing dye and/or at least one red dyeing dye. Level dyeings and prints with good allround fastness properties are obtained by the process of the invention.

Abstract: A process for dyeing spandex. The process includes the steps of setting the dyebath with an organic acid; adding a pre-metallized acid dye to the dyebath; heating the dyebath until completion of dyeing; and cooling the dyebath. In the preferred embodiment the organic acid is selected from the group including formic and acetic acid. Also, in the preferred embodiment, the dyebath is heated at a rate of between about 0.5 F. and 3 F. per minute up to a temperature of between about 220 F. and 250 F. The resulting dyed spandex passes an AATCC IIA wash test.

Abstract: Stain-resistant nylon, especially cationic-dyeable carpet nylon, is prepared by dyeing cationic-dyeable nylon fibers with acid or premetallized dye. Lightfastness and depth of shade of an apparent value equal to acid dyeable nylons is obtained with superior stain resistance equal to commercially available solution dyed nylon carpeting.

Abstract: The new process for dyeing polyamide fibers with acid dyestuffs, in which small amounts of metal salts are added to the dyebath, gives dyeings having improved lightfastness.

Abstract: The invention is a dye composition containing two or more dyes of the vinyl sulfone type which can be used in combination to dye polyamide substrates. Preferably the dye compositions of the invention contain at least three dyes of different primary colors.

Abstract: An improved reactive dyestuff mixture comprises at least one monochlorotriazine dyestuff 1 and at least one monofluorotriazine dyestuff 2 and/or fluorochloropyrimidine dyestuff 3, and if appropriate additional dyestuffs having the formulae given in the description.

Abstract: Novel azo compounds having the specific structural formula (1) or (3) set out below, water-soluble dyes containing the compounds, and polarizing films containing the water-soluble dyes: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or a hydroxyl, C.sub.1-2 alkyl, C.sub.1-2 alkoxy, C.sub.1-2 acylamino, cyano, carboxyl or sulfonic acid group; R.sub.3 and R.sub.8 individually represent a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl, C.sub.1-2 alkyl or C.sub.1-2 alkoxy group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 individually represent a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl, C.sub.1-2 alkyl, C.sub.1-2 alkoxy or C.sub.1-2 acylamino group; R.sub.5 represents a hydrogen atom or a carboxyl or C.sub.1-2 alkoxy group; R.sub.6 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl, amino, methylamino, .beta.-hydroxyethylamino or C.sub.1-2 acylamino group, or a phenylamino or benzoylamino group which the phenyl nucleus may be substituted by one or more nitro, amino, hydroxyl, C.sub.1-2 alkyl, carboxyl and/or sulfonic acid groups and/or chlorine atoms; R.sub.

Abstract: The cold water bleed propensity of acid and premetallized acid dyed cationic dyeable nylon fibers is substantially reduced by treating the fibers with both a nylon fixing agent and a cotton fixing agent. Colorfastness of acid and premetallized acid dyed nylon fibers, other than CD nylon fibers, is also enhanced by treating the fibers with both a cotton fixing agent and a nylon fixing agent.

Abstract: Improved dyestuff solutions for the dyeing of leather contain 5 to 30 parts by weight of a dyestuff, 20 to 80 parts by weight of an alkoxy alcohol of the formula (I)R--O--(--A--O--).sub.n --H (I),10 to 40 parts by weight of a lactone, lactam or cyclic urea and 5 to 50 parts by weight of water.

Abstract: A process for dyeing spandex. The process includes the steps of setting the dyebath with an organic acid; adding a pre-metallized acid dye to the dyebath; heating the dyebath until completion of dyeing; and cooling the dyebath. In the preferred embodiment the organic acid is selected from the group including formic and acetic acid. Also, in the preferred embodiment, the dyebath is heated at a rate of between about 0.5 F. and 3 F. per minute up to a temperature of between about 220 F. and 250 F. The resulting dyed spandex passes an AATCC IIA wash test.

Abstract: Disclosed is an original approach to solving the environmental problem associated with the use of Cr-based metallized azo dyes to deliver black shades on natural and synthetic substrates. This invention affords methods for both the synthesis of metallized dyes and the generation of black dyeings using those dyes without employing metals designated as priority pollutants at any stage in either method. The key element of the disclosure is the use of black 1:2 Fe complexes of azo dyes in lieu of currently used Cr-based complexes which are based on environmentally unfriendly priority pollutant metals without compromising the desirable high fastness properties of the latter complexes, an accomplishment heretofore assumed unachievable.

Abstract: Stain-resistant, multicolored cationic dyeable carpet fibers are space dyed with an acid dye or premetalized acid dye, heatset, then tufted together with undyed cationic dyeable nylon fibers into a carpet. The carpet is then overdyed with an acid dye or premetalized acid dye to selectively dye only the previously undyed cationic dyeable nylon fibers, without staining or discoloring the adjacent previously dyed fibers, resulting in a multicolored stain resistant carpet.

Abstract: Nylon fibers of cationic-dyeable nylon are dyed with an acid or premetalized acid dye and heatset to impart stain and bleach resistance. Stain and bleach resistant nylon carpets prepared from these fibers are also described.

Abstract: A method for reducing the cold water bleed propensity of acid and premetallized acid dyed cationic dyeable nylon fibers which comprises treating such fibers with sulfonated anionic polymers, useful as nylon fixing agents, and cationic amine based polymers, useful as cotton fixing agents.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the photochemical and thermal stabilisation of polyamide fibre material as claimed in claim 1.The fibre materials treated by the inventive process are distinguished by good fibre affinity and enhanced photochemical and thermal stability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing or printing hydroxyl group containing fibre materials, which comprises using at least one yellow or orange dyeing dye of formula ##STR1## wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, together with at least one blue dyeing dye and/or at least one red dyeing dye. Level dyeings and prints with good allround fastness properties are obtained by the process of the invention.

Abstract: Mixtures of iron complexes of metallizable disazo compounds, at least one compound being of the formula ##STR1## and at least one compound being of the formula ##STR2## wherein the substituents have the meaning given in the specification, are useful for dyeing substrates dyeable with anionic dyes, e.g., leather.

Abstract: Salts of ionic dyes with compounds which contain at least one ammonium, cycloammonium or immonium group and at least one aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or carbonyl radical-substituted aromatic group or containing a piperazine or piperidine group or a heteroaromatic group selected from those of the triazine, pyrimidine, quinazoline, quinoxaline, phthalazine or phthalimidine series or which contain at least two carboxylic acid groups, at least one amino group and at least one carboxylic acid group or at least one sulfonic acid group and one aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, monocyclic aromatic or heteroaromatic group are useful for dyeing synthetic materials, particularly synthetic polyamides in the mass. The obtained dyeings have exceptionally good wet fastness.

Abstract: Provided is a fiber reactive dye composition which can dye or print cellulose based fiber materials or materials containing the fiber materials uniformly with good build-up property and reproducibility and give dyed or printed products excellent in various fastness properties.A fiber reactive dye composition which comprises at least five reactive dyes selected from the groups of reactive dyes represented by the following formulas (I) to (VII) respectively in the form of free acid: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrogen, alkyl, ureido or the like, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each hydrogen, sulfo or the like, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.7 to R.sub.13 and R.sub.15 to R.sub.18 are each hydrogen, alkyl or the like, R.sub.14 is --O-- or ##STR2## A, B, D, E, G, J and L are each phenylene or the like, X.sub.1 to X.sub.6 are each halogen, Y.sub.1 to Y.sub.7 are each --SO.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --SO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.4 Z, Z being a group capable of being split off by the action of an alkali, m.sub.1 to m.

Abstract: A dyed textile article treated with tannic acid and dyed with an extract of mycelia or basidiocarps of Ganoderma lucidum. This article is produced by a process comprising contacting a substrate article of cotton, linen, silk or wool first with a pretreating bath containing tannic acid or a natural material containing tannic acid, e.g. gall, then with a mordant bath containing an alumina mordant, such as grass or wood ashes, and finally with the mycelia or basidiocarps of Ganoderma lucidum. This dyed textile article has not only a natural color and feeling, with a sufficient depth of color, but also antimicrobial and antiallergic functions.

Abstract: Poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabrics are printed and optionally flame retarded in a two-step process in which the dye diffusion promoting agent N-octyl-2-pyrrolidone optionally with a flame retardant is applied following by printing and print fixation.

Abstract: Multicolored stain-resistant nylon carpet is prepared by tufting a space dyed cationic-dyeable carpet nylon, dyed with an acid or premetalized dye intermixed and tufted with an acid dyeable nylon and overdyed with an acid dye to selectively dye the acid dyeable fibers but not the already space dyed yarns.

Abstract: A process for dyeing a mixed fibrous substrate comprising applying to the substrate,a) at least one disperse dye,b) at least one copper - containing direct or reactive dye, preferably in a sufficient amount to produce a dyeing greater than a 1/1 standard depth;c) a complexing agent having a stability constant (K-value) with the metal of the direct or reactive dye of from 6 to 17 inclusive;d) a lignin sulphonate dispersing agent; ande) an oxidizing agent capable of converting copper (I) to copper (II) at a temperature of 100.degree.-130.degree. C. at a pH of 5-7 in the process for dyeing the mixed substrate.

Abstract: A dyed synthetic fiber having antibacterial and antifungal properties is described, which contains 0.01 to 20 weight % of a silver-substituted zeolite and 0.001 to 1.0 weight % of a substantially water-insoluble copper compound. The copper compound is present independent of zeolite particles in the fiber. The dyed synthetic fiber is prepared by incorporating a silver-substituted zeolite in a monomer or a polymerization mixture before the completion of polymerization in the step of preparing a polymer for the fiber; further incorporating the copper compound in the polymer before the spinning thereof into a fiber; spinning the polymer into a fiber; and dyeing the fiber. The dyed fiber retains a high level of antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for dyeing leather by the exhaust process, which comprises treating leather with an aqueous liquor which contains a formulation comprising a black anionic dye and a sulfonated carbon black. The leather dyeings obtained by this process have good allround fastness properties.

Abstract: 1:2 metal complexes of the formula ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 is independently hydrogen or nitro, with the proviso that when a ring has two nitro groups, they are meta to each other,each of R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 is independently hydrogen, chloro or --SO.sub.3 M,each of R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is independently hydrogen, --COR.sub.7, --CONHR.sub.8 or --SO.sub.2 R.sub.9,whereinR.sub.7 is C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, phenyl(C.sub.1-4 -alkyl) or phenyl (C.sub.1-4 alkyl) the phenyl group of which is substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from halo, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, nitro, amino, --COOM, --SO.sub.3 M and acetamido,R.sub.8 is hydrogen; C.sub.1-6 alkyl; phenyl; phenyl substituted by 1 or 2 substituents selected from halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, nitro, amino, --COOM, --SO.sub.3 M and acetamido; naphthyl or naphthyl monosubstituted by chloro, amino, phenylamino, acetamido, benzamido or --SO.sub.3 M, andR.sub.9 is C.sub.

Abstract: A process for improving the thermal and/or photochemical stability of dyeings on polyamide fibres by applying to said fibres, from an aqueous medium, water-soluble phenolic antioxidants of formula (A--Y--).sub.n Z(--W).sub.m, wherein A, Y, Z, W, m and n are as defined in claim 1.