Abstract: A reversible adjustable wrench comprises a handle having a fixed jaw and a guiding slot at an end of the handle. The fixed jaw has two slots at lateral sides thereof, each of which defines two stopping potion at lateral sidewalls thereof. A movable jaw has an end thereof slidable received in the guiding slot of the handle. An adjusting worm is to drive the movable jaw moving toward and away from the fixed jaw. A rotatable device has two body potions received in the slots. A pin passes through the body potions and the fixed jaw for pivoting the rotatable device at the fixed jaw.

Abstract: A device for use in a torque transmitting system including a driver having a specially configured driver end and a fastener having a specially configured recess for receiving the end of the driver, wherein the respective externally configured and internally configured components include a body having an axis in which the body has an outer polygonal cross section defined by a perimeter wall, an inner polygonal central portion positioned within the perimeter wall and having an area less than the area of the outer polygonal cross section; a drive wall which forms a portion of the perimeter wall and extends on a plane from a proximal end outwardly from the polygonal central portion to a distal end; a first outer wall forming another portion of the perimeter wall has a proximal end joining the distal end of the drive wall at an angle which may be less than 90° and a distal end terminating on the perimeter wall.

Abstract: A wrench includes a fixed jaw formed on one end of a handle, a pivotal jaw pivotally secured to the handle and having one end for engaging with a fastener. The pivotal jaw has a middle cavity for receiving a spring-biased engaging member which may engage with the handle to force the pivotal jaw toward the fixed jaw. The fixed and the pivotal jaws each includes a flat engaging surface and a notch for alternatively engaging with the opposite flat surfaces and the opposite corners of the fastener and for allowing the handle to be rotated for only thirty degrees relative to the fastener.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus to facilitate the installation and replacement of mechanical devices, particularly plumbing compression fittings such as an angle-stop valve. The wrench has a first member that includes an open-end wrench and associated jaw surface and a hollow handle extending therefrom. A second member also includes an open-end wrench and a handle extending therefrom, the handle of the second member being of a diameter small enough to slidably fit within the handle of the first member. The handles of the first and second members preferably including mating means so as to enable the temporary locking of the two members for use and or storage of the two-piece wrench apparatus. The handle of the second member further includes a lug extending therefrom and having a certain size and shape so as to allow the lug end of the wrench to engage an inner diameter of the angle-stop valve during its installation.

Abstract: A device for facilitating manual gripping of pipes and connectors includes first and second elements hingedly interconnected and biased open by a spring element. Each element includes a channel with projections deployed to define gripping features for gripping a roughly cylindrical object of given outer diameter. The first and second elements provide grasp surfaces which, in the closed position, lie within a cylindrical volume of diameter four times the given outer diameter and generally circumscribe the object.

Abstract: An adjustable, open end wrench is described which has a wrench head for turning a variety of different size fasteners. The wrench head comprises two jaws each having an engaging surface for engaging with the fasteners. One jaw is generally fixed and connected to a gripping portion formed as a wrench lever and the other jaw is movable relative to the fixed jaw. The wrench head comprises an adjustable mechanism by which the jaws may be spaced apart including a maximum spacing dimension between the jaws. The wrench head further comprises an imaginary centerline intersecting both of the jaws substantially perpendicular to the engaging surfaces of the jaws as viewed from a side view thereof. And further wherein, each jaw has a width dimension measured at the centerline, and the width dimension of both jaws combined is relative to the maximum spacing dimension between the jaws.

Abstract: An open-end wrench is provided with a mouth between two jaws and a nest interconnecting the two jaws, a first convex surface portion is provided on the first jaw driving surface; and a first transverse tooth, a second transverse tooth and a second convex surface portion is provided on the second jaw driving surface. The first transverse tooth, the second transverse tooth and the second convex surface portion of the second jaw are respectively arranged at predetermined distances from the first convex surface portion of the first jaw driving surface. Further, the distance between the first transverse tooth and the second transverse tooth is {fraction (3/25)} of the distance between the first convex surface portion of the first jaw driving surface and the first transverse tooth. This structural shaped and dimensional open-end wrench structural arrangement represents an improvement in grasping and turning new-type bolts and nuts as well as worn-out bolts and nuts.

Abstract: Pipe wrench with two shanks (14,15) each with a toothed jaw (11,12) at an angle to the shank, the shanks, connected at joint (13) and one shank translatable relative to the joint to adjust the distance between the jaws, with the tooth tips on each jaw located in a plane, and the height and pitch distance between teeth monotonously increasing from a small value for teeth (41,42) nearest to the shank up to a larger value for teeth (31,32) farthest from the shank, the increase being at least 25%.

Abstract: A wrench includes a box end which has an elongated space defined therein and the space is defined by a periphery which includes two long sides and two short sides which are connected between the two long sides. The periphery is composed of two identical portions which are symmetrical about an axis P which passes through a mediate point on one long side and a mediate point on the other second long side. Each portion has three engaging surfaces for contacting three sides of a hexagonal object and three recesses for allowing corners of the hexagonal object being received during rotation of the box end. The box end may tighten or loosen the object without removing the box end from the object by engaging the object with either one of the two identical portions of the periphery.

Abstract: An open end wrench having a head comprises a first arm comprising a first, second, and third projections each having a first interior surface at one side and a second interior surface at the other side; and an opposite second arm comprising a first, second, and third flats. A first distance between the first flat and the first interior surface of the first projection is smaller than a second distance between the second flat and the first interior surface of the second projection, a third distance between the third flat and the first interior surface of the third projection is larger than the second distance between the second flat and the first interior surface of the second projection, and an angle &thgr; is formed between one side of a held fastener and the second interior surface of one of the first, second, and third projections.

Abstract: An adjustable wrench for driving a nut utilizes curved drive faces. The wrench is made up of three members. A first member has a jaw section, a mid section and a handle section. A second member has a jaw section and an attachment section for attaching to the first member in the mid section and adjusting the spacing of the jaws. A third member fits within the first member and attaches the first member to the second member in an adjustable manner in the mid section of the first member. The jaws of the first and second members have convex curved surfaces having forward and rearward drive faces. These convex curved surfaces form gripping members which drive the nut or bolt on the planes and not on the corners.

Abstract: A tool for driving headed fasteners has an opening in the tool. The opening is defined by a wall of the tool. The wall has a plurality of flat planar surfaces. The planar surfaces are connected by a connection at the ends of each planar surface to define the opening. Each connection surface has a convex surface continuous with the planar surface. A concave surface is continuous with the convex surface. The convex and concave surfaces define arcs with the arcs having the same radius.

Abstract: A protective tool cover for preventing damage to objects being worked upon with tools. The protective tool cover includes at least one cover member being adapted to cover the gripping and tool-working portions of a tool and also being made of plastic to substantially prevent certain objects from being scratched and dented during the use of the tool. A first embodiment of the cover member includes a pair of jaw-like end portions interconnected with a main portion and being fitted upon a wrench having jaw-like end portions. A second embodiment of the cover member includes a pair of cover members each having an object-gripping wall, end walls, an open side, and an open end and being fitting on the jaw-like portions of a pipe wrench. A third embodiment of the cover member includes a cylindrical member having a ratcheted outer surface and a ratcheted inner surface and being insertable in a socket.

Abstract: A tool for removing damaged fasteners and a method for making such tool wherein the tool (10) includes a first end (12) and a second end (14) with an outside surface (32) and an inside surface (40) defined between ends (12) and (14). A portion (46) of inside surface (40) is in the shape of an hexagonal frustum (54) that has a major end (58) and that includes spiral splines (25). Splines (25) have constant depth between the major end (58) and the minor end (56) of frustum (54) and the relief angle (£) of splines (25) decreases in the direction from minor end (56) toward major end (58). In the method for making the tool (10), a tubular section (118) is made from a tapered blank (91) by piercing one end of the tapered blank with a pierce punch (132). One end of the tubular section is then driven onto a splined punch (162) to provide splines in one end of the tubular section.

Abstract: A wrench includes a handle having a head and having an enclosed peripheral wall formed in the head for forming an orifice in the head and for receiving a fastener to be driven by the head. The head includes a pair of opposite cusps extended inward of the orifice and each formed by a pair of inclined surfaces. One of the cusps and the opposite surface may be used to drive the fastener in an active or a reverse direction. The fastener may be rotated relative to the head when the fastener is disengaged from the cusps and the surfaces, without being disengaged from the head.

Abstract: A speed wrench includes an open end having a through portion connected to a shank of the wrench and a first jaw and a second jaw respectively extend from the throat portion. The first jaw has a first flat surface defined in an inside thereof and the second jaw has a second flat surface defined in an inside thereof. A throat recess is defined in the throat portion ad a first recess is defined in the inside of the first jaw, and a second recess is defined in the inside of the second jaw. An end of a periphery defining the second recess is connected to the second flat surface and a 60-degree angle recess is connected between the other end of the periphery of the second recess and the throat recess. A first pushing side is connected between the first flat surface and an end of a periphery defining the first recess. A second pushing side is connected between an end of a periphery defining the throat recess and the other end of the periphery defining the first recess.

Abstract: An open end wrench having two heads each of which provides ratchet action, each of which accepts fasteners of different nominal sizes, and each of which imposes torque on the fastener only on flat facets and not at apices between adjacent facets. Each head has a first jaw bearing a convex interior surface facing the interior surface of a second jaw. The second jaw has plural pairs of intersecting facets where, in a first embodiment, the included angle formed between intersecting facets is greater than ninety degrees and less than one hundred twenty degrees. In another embodiment, the included angle is greater than seventy degrees and less than ninety degrees. Each pair of intersecting facets accommodates a polygonal fastener of one nominal size. The two embodiments are usable with hexagonal and square headed fasteners, respectively.

Abstract: An improved design for an adjustable wrench and a method for making the same are disclosed. One embodiment of the disclosed wrench includes a main body which includes a handle, upper jaw, and an attachment portion such as a groove. The lower jaw of the wrench, which contains two ribs with threaded surfaces, is slipped over the attachment portion. The threaded surfaces of the ribs are made to meet with the threads on a thumbwheel, thus allowing the distance between the upper and lower jaws to be varied by turning the thumbwheel. Because the lower jaw slips over the attachment portion of the main body, the disclosed wrench can be manufactured with reduced expense. Moreover, this configuration provides for increased stability because the ribs of the lower jaw contact the thumbwheel at two points.

Abstract: An open end wrench head is described for use with a fastener having at least two substantially parallel outer engaging surfaces creating an across-width dimension. The open end wrench head has an orifice which includes four principle internal engaging surfaces which are arranged about an imaginary central axis with the first and second internal engaging surfaces positioned on a first jaw and the third and fourth internal engaging surfaces positioned on a second opposing jaw. The first internal engaging surface is substantially flat and substantially parallel to the imaginary central axis and positioned closer to the open end of the wrench head than the second internal engaging surface. The second internal engaging surface diverges outward from the first internal engaging surface.

Abstract: An open end wrench head is described for use with a fastener which has at least two substantially parallel outer engaging surfaces that create an across-width dimension. The wrench head has an orifice which comprises six principle internal engaging surfaces each being substantially flat and positioned around an imaginary central axis. The first, second and third internal engaging surfaces are positioned on a first jaw, and the fourth, fifth and sixth internal engaging surfaces are positioned on a second opposing jaw. The first internal engaging surface is positioned closer to the open end than the second internal engaging surface and diverges outward from the imaginary central axis. The second internal engaging surface is positioned closer to the open end than the third internal engaging surface and is substantially parallel to the imaginary central axis. The third internal engaging surface diverges outward from the imaginary central axis.

Abstract: A adjustable hinge adjustment tool for adjusting variable sized hinges. The adjustable hinge adjustment tool includes a handle portion and a wrench head portion. The handle portion is an elongate member having a distal end and a proximal end. The proximal end is fixedly coupled to the head portion. The head portion comprises a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is fixedly coupled to the proximal end of the handle portion. A notch is in the first portion of the head portion. The second portion of the wrench comprises a base, a fixed jaw and a movable jaw. The base is fixedly coupled to the first portion of the head portion. The fixed jaw is fixedly coupled to the base. A guide slot in the base defines a track for the movable jaw. The guide slot extends into the notch. The movable jaw has a bottom member adapted to be inserted into the guide slot. The bottom member has V-shaped recesses therein. A drive worm screw is rotatably mounted in the notch.

Abstract: A tool for facilitating the spinning of a wire-strand cable bolt, the tool having a cable bolt end engagement socket which is configured to engage positively such cable bolt end an appreciable distance.

Abstract: A wrench for use in driving a hexagonal nut having a wrench head. The wrench head has upper and lower jaws rigidly joined together. The jaws have several faces that allow the wrench to engage the nut from three different positions. The faces are configured to prevent corner contact with the nut so as to resist rounding the corners off. Further, one drive position is configured to lock the wrench to the nut as torque is being applied.

Abstract: A torque transmitting or coupling arrangement for a fastener drive system or the like, wherein the respective externally configured and internally configured components include a body having an axis in which the body has a modified polygonal cross section defined by a perimeter wall. A polygonal central portion positioned within the perimeter wall has an area less than the area of the modified polygonal cross section. A drive wall which forms a portion of the perimeter wall extends on a plane from a proximal end outwardly from the polygonal central portion to a distal end. A first outer wall forming another portion of the perimeter wall has a proximal end joining the distal end of the drive wall at an angle and a distal end terminating on the perimeter wall. The system includes a fastener driver, a threaded fastener and a forming tool for forming a recess in the fastener.

Abstract: A new wrench for holding a nut in the head end when threading and unthreading the nut from a threaded object such as a threaded bolt. The inventive device includes a handle with a head end coupled to the handle. The head end has a first and second faces, and inner and outer side surfaces. The inner side surface of the head end defines an opening through the head end between the first and second faces of the head end. The head end also has a supporting flange extending radially inwards around the inner side surface of the head end. The head end has a break therethrough extending between the inner and outer side surfaces of the head end. The break also extends through an adjacent portion of the supporting flange.

Abstract: An ratcheting-type wrench for use in driving a hexagonal nut having a wrench head. The wrench head has upper and lower jaw portions that are rigidly joined by at least one web. The jaws have several faces that allow the wrench to be ratcheted about the nut to different drive positions without removing the wrench from the nut. The jaws have two drive faces that allow the wrench to drive the nut with the wrench tips in an open-ended embodiment, and in both an open-ended and a box-ended embodiment allow the wrench to ratchet in 30 degree increments. The faces are configured to prevent corner contact with the nut so that the corners are not rounded off. A lock face is provided to prevent the removal of the wrench from the nut while applying torque.

Abstract: A novel drive system includes a body, such as a threaded fastener body or a drive tool body, a tapered transitional portion at an end of the body, and a drive head at the end of the transitional portion, such that the transitional portion is between the drive head and the body. The transitional portion has structure thereon, such as a plurality of alternating curved lobes and flutes, for engagement with a corresponding socket. At least a portion of the lobes are threaded in the transitional portion. The drive head also has structure thereon for engagement with the socket, such as a plurality of alternating curved lobes and flutes. The flutes on the transitional portion are axially aligned with the flutes on the drive head and the lobes on the transitional portion are axially aligned with the lobes on the drive head.

Abstract: An open end wrench having a mouth defined between two jaws and a nest. A longitudinal series of transversely extended flat teeth are provided at each of the two jaws within the mouth, so that the longitudinal series of transversely extended flat teeth includes a first tooth remote from the nest, a third tooth adjacent to the nest, and a second tooth spaced between the first tooth and the third tooth by a respective transverse groove. The first tooth has a front side remote from the second tooth and a rear side adjacent to the second tooth. The longitudinal lengths of the first tooth, the second tooth and the third tooth have a ratio of 4:3:3:. The longitudinal length of the longitudinal series of transversely extended flat teeth is equal to 0.39 of the width of the mouth, and 0.77 of the distance from the front side of the first tooth to the nest.

Abstract: A torque transmission unit according to the invention comprises a bolt (1) which has curved outer peripheral surfaces (3) with a peripheral outline consisting of circular arcs circumscribing the sides of a square (.alpha.), respectively, and a socket wrench (2) which has curved inner peripheral surfaces (4) with a peripheral outline consisting of circular arcs circumscribing the sides of a square (.beta.), respectively. The curved inner peripheral surfaces (4) of the socket wrench (2) are brought into contact with the curved outer peripheral surfaces (3) of the bolt (1) and slid thereon by rotating the socket wrench (2). As a result, clamping can be performed with the axis of rotation of the wrench (2) made to coincide with that of rotation of the bolt (1). By virtue of this structure, any corner portion of the bolt (1) is prevented from being rounded.

Abstract: A wrench for rotating hexagonal fasteners includes an opening defined by a sidewall. The sidewall includes a plurality of contact surfaces for contacting respective sides of the fastener. Each contact surface includes two groups of generally parallel ridges separated by a recessed portion. Each of the ridges has a convexly curved top for contacting a side of the fastener.

Abstract: A ratchet wrench having an open end (18) defined by front (20) and rear (22) jaws, in relation to a driving direction. The jaws are linked by an intermediate arcuate web (24). Each jaw includes an engagement surface (30, 36) for engaging the front half of a front surface (32) and a rear surface (38), respectively, of the head of a part to be turned. A projection (42) is provided on the arcuate web for engaging a bearing point (43) on an intermediate head surface (44) located immediately ahead of the rear surface (38) when no torque is applied and over the full range of applied torques. The bearing point (43) of the projection (42) is located in the front half of the intermediate surface (44). The entire arcuate web (24) is spaced apart from the head (28), except at the bearing point (43), when torque is applied as well as when no torque is applied.

Abstract: An open end wrench head is described having four principle internal engaging surfaces arranged about an imaginary central axis with the first and second internal engaging surfaces positioned on a first jaw and the third and fourth internal engaging surfaces positioned on a second opposing jaw. The first and third internal engaging surfaces are substantially flat and parallel to the imaginary central axis. The second internal engaging surface diverges outward from the first internal engaging surface and fourth internal engaging surface diverges outward from the third internal engaging surface.

Abstract: A wrench includes an opening having a side wall defined by circumferentially alternating contact surfaces and recesses. Each recess includes a concave bottom surface and a pair of concave edge surfaces extending from respective ends of the bottom surface. The bottom surface has a radius of curvature larger than a radius of curvature of the edge surfaces and smaller than a distance from a center of the opening to a midpoint of the bottom surface, whereby a thickness of the wrench increases progressively on opposite sides of a midpoint of the bottom surface. Imaginary extensions of the contact surfaces disposed at opposite ends of each recess intersect one another substantially at the midpoint of the bottom surface.

Abstract: A spanner adapted for operative engagement with a hexagonal element, comprising a handle, jaws disposed at one end of the handle, the jaws defining first and second clamping surfaces and a contacting surface, the first clamping surface being continuous on one side of the jaws, the second, opposing clamping surface being disposed on the other side of the jaws, the second clamping surface being interrupted by a recessed portion which separates the second clamping surface into long and short clamping surfaces with the recessed portion being disposed therebetween, the contacting surface connecting the first and second clamping surfaces, whereby when the spanner is rotated in the clockwise direction the jaws engage the hexagonal element and when the spanner is rotated in the opposite direction, a protruding portion of the hexagonal element falls into the recessed portion, permitting the spanner to be repositioned for clockwise rotation.

Abstract: An adjustment wrench includes a movable pawl device mounted in an oval head of a wrench body thereof, and an adjustment nut rotated to move the pawl device in and out of a work hole in the oval head so as to hold down or release the workpiece to be turned with the wrench, wherein the oval head of the wrench body has alternatively arranged flat wall portions and teeth within the work hole, the pawl device has a V-shaped chucking head with a V-shaped chuck face for acting with the flat wall portions and teeth on the inside of the oval head of the wrench body to hold down the workpiece to be turned, the V-shaped chucking head having both ends slidably supported on two opposite side walls of the oval head of the wrench body by spring-supported steel balls.

Abstract: An open end wrench having a mouth defined between two jaws and a nest thereof, and a flat raised portion and a longitudinal series of teeth respectively raised from the two jaws inside the mouth. The longitudinal series of teeth including seven teeth, the center of the raised portion is aligned with the center of the mouth and the middle tooth of the longitudinal series of teeth. The line between the front end of the raised portion and the second tooth of the longitudinal series of teeth is parallel to the line between the rear end of the raised portion and the second to last tooth of the longitudinal series of teeth. The longitudinal length of the longitudinal series of teeth being 0.56 of the width of the mouth, and the distance from the front end of the longitudinal series of teeth to the nest being 0.89 of the width of the mouth.

Abstract: An open end wrench having a mouth defined between two jaws and a nest thereof, a flat raised portion and a longitudinal series of teeth respectively raised from the two jaws inside the mouth. The longitudinal series of teeth including five teeth. The length of the flat raised portion being equal to the distance between the mid point of the first tooth of the longitudinal series of teeth and the midpoint of the last tooth thereof. The total length of the longitudinal series of teeth being equal to 0.67 of the width of the mouth. The distance from the remote end of the longitudinal series of teeth to the nest being 0.91 of the width of the mouth, and the first tooth of the longitudinal series of teeth and the second tooth thereof having a respective smoothly curved peak for grasping normal square head bolts and square nuts and normal hexagon head bolts and hexagon nuts.

Abstract: An engineers wrench has at least one open end forming a mouth which defines a mouth opening. The mouth opening is laterally delimited by a pair of mutually oppositely disposed lateral, surfaces which define a wrench width. At least inwardly disposed sections of the lateral surfaces have a slight convex-cylindrical curvature defined by a finite radius of curvature so that the mouth opening widens in the direction towards respective outer edges to a mouth width which exceeds the wrench width. The mouth opening is inwardly delimited by a mouth base; two substantially flat surfaces are interconnected at the mouth base as well as connected to associated ones of the lateral surfaces through respective connecting surfaces. The connecting surfaces have a concave-cylindrical curvature defined by a smaller radius of curvature than the finite radius of curvature of the convex-cylindrically curved lateral surfaces.

Abstract: A wrench for rotating a fastener having a number of corners on a periphery thereof and method of making same is disclosed. The wrench includes a gripping member having an opening defined by an inner surface complimentary to the periphery of the fastener whereby the fastener may be axially received by the gripping member. The inner surface defines the plurality of circumferentially spaced shoulder portions wherein alternating shoulder portions engage a corresponding corner of the fastener. The shoulder portions define areas therebetween. Stopper portions are located in alternating areas between shoulder portions. The wrench has a first angular position where the stopper portions engage in upper surface of the fastener for restricting the passage of the fastener therethrough and a second angular position where the stopper portions do not engage the upper surface of the fastener thereby permitting the passage of the fastener therethrough.

Abstract: The invention is a tool having contoured opposing jaws for fully engaging hexagonally shaped fasteners on at least four sides for any fastener within the operating range of the tool. The jaws include a two-surfaced jaw and an opposingly disposed three-surfaced jaw. The jaw surfaces are configured and positioned relative to one another in such a way as to maintain a shape which conforms to that of the fastener's hexagonal shape during adjustment.

Abstract: A ratcheting, open-end wrench concurrently engages more than half the corners of a nub during torquing. In preferred embodiments a wrench has a contacting cavity for receiving and torquing a nut, bolt head or other angularized nub. A chain carries a plurality of teeth about the inner perimeter of the cavity, and the chain is ratcheted so that the teeth move readily in one direction, but can be blocked from moving in the opposite direction. The teeth are arranged on the chain such that the cavity changes shape from an open configuration in which the nub can be received into the cavity, and a closed configuration in which the nub is locked into the cavity.

Abstract: The present invention involves a wrench for tightening and loosening bolts, nuts and fasteners having n number of equal length outside working surfaces. The wrench has a handle and a working wrench head with an orifice which contains at least two pairs of flat inside working surfaces. The pairs of inside working surfaces are arranged about and equidistant from an imaginary central axis through the orifice, and the surfaces of each pair form a surface contact angle a with one another. Additionally, each pair of flat inside working surfaces having a first working surface with a predetermined angle C relative to the imaginary central axis and a second working surface with a predetermined angle D relative to the imaginary central axis, wherein the angle C and the angle D differ from one another, and whereby the first working surface of a given pair of inside working surfaces is non-parallel to the second working surface of an opposing pair of inside working surfaces.

Abstract: A wrench tool includes a member having an engaging opening formed in one end for engaging with fasteners to be driven. The other end of the member includes an orifice parallel to the longitudinal axis and the other orifice perpendicular to the previous orifice, for allowing the orifices to engage with different tool members. The member includes a pair of tapered surface having a number pairs of opposite engaging surfaces for engaging with fasteners of different sizes. A coupler is pivotally coupled to the member and the orifices are formed in the coupler.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for removing a nut frozen is place regardless of the degree to which the corners of the nut have been rounded by a prior attempt to remove such nut by an ordinary wrench. The device is formed with an opening, which is sized to receive the nut and formed with a plurality of teeth preferably arranged such that a leading or cutting edge of each tooth engages approximately with a midpoint of a flat of the nut. The front and rear faces of each tooth form an angle of less than 90.degree. and a gullet between teeth, which is defined by a rear face of one tooth and a front face of a next adjacent tooth, is sized to freely receive the corner(s) between the flats with which the leading edges of an adjacent pair of teeth engage. The gullet is shaped and sized to permit the formation of a chip upon penetration of a leading edge into a flat of a nut, which is operable to lock the nut for rotation with the device.

Abstract: The invention is a tool having contoured opposing jaws for fully engaging hexagonally shaped fasteners on at least four sides for any fastener within the operating range of the tool. The jaws include a two-surfaced jaw and an opposingly disposed three-surfaced jaw. The jaw surfaces are configured and positioned relative to one another in such a way as to maintain a shape which conforms to that of the fastener's hexagonal shape during adjustment.

Abstract: An open-end ratcheting-type wrench for use in driving a hexagonal nut has a handle and a wrench head that is joined to the handle. The wrench head has upper and lower jaws that are rigidly joined together by a web. The jaws have several faces that allow the wrench to be ratcheted about the nut to different drive positions without removing the wrench from the nut. The faces are configured to prevent corner contact with the nut so that the corners are not rounded off. A lock face is provided on the wrench to prevent the removal of the wrench from the nut during use. The lock face has a concave arcuate surface to allow ratcheting.

Abstract: A hexagonal head wrench having a body, six sides and six corners. A protuberance is formed on each corner. Each protuberance has two oppositely oriented flank members angled at a predetermined angle outwardly and away from each corner. Engagement of the wrench with a fastener occurs on a portion of each respective flank member distal from the corner. Continued application of torque progressively radially engages each flank member with the fastener.

Abstract: A box end wrench having a split binding ring mounted in an annular groove at internal angles of a box of a first box end thereof for stopping the wrench from escaping out of the bolt or nut to be turned with the first box end, and a plurality of smoothly curved raised Portions at internal angles of a box of a second box end thereof for stopping the wrench from escaping out of the bolt or nut to be turned with the second box end.

Abstract: A wrenching member includes at least two spaced-apart and substantially oppositely facing drive surfaces, each of which has a roughened region and an unroughened region thereon, with the roughened region being disposed adjacent to one end of one of the drive surfaces and adjacent to the other end of the other drive surface so as to afford a differential driving arrangement which exerts a greater frictional wrenching force in one direction than in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A crescent wrench in which the fixed jaw and the movable jaw have a respective corrugated work face at an inner side facing each other for grasping nuts and bolts, and a respective linear measure mark, for example, inch mark or centimeter mark for linear measurement, the corrugated work face formed into smoothly curved transverse projections and transverse grooves alternatively arranged.