Abstract: The invention provides for a method of machining a workpiece made of a material selected from a metal, metal matrix composite, wood, synthetic, ceramic and stone and synthetic construction materials which includes the step of machining the workpiece using a tool which includes a tool component comprising a layer of polycrystalline diamond (12) having a working surface (16), a softer layer (20) containing a metal and bonded to the working surface (16) of the polycrystalline diamond layer (12) along an interface, the region (22) of the layer of polycrystalline diamond (12) adjacent the interface containing some metal from the softer layer (20).

Abstract: A variable tuned holder for machine tools that attaches to a machine tool to act in a manner similar to a dynamic absorber while the machine tool is used during machining. The natural frequency of the holder may be matched to the natural frequency of the machine tool as the tool is in use to reduce the amplitude of vibration at the cutting end of tool with a workpiece. The present invention is designed to provide an impedance match between the machine tool and the holder such that the cutting energy may escape and/or be dissipated. The flexible holder may be used as one part of an overall system. The system may be designed to be used with tools of different shapes and/or lengths. As the shape and/or length of the machine tool changes, the system may be easily modified to change the natural frequency of the flexible holder to enable the dynamic absorber effect of the flexible holder to occur.

Abstract: Rotary transmission leadthrough with: a shaft (3) able to turn about a longitudinal axis running in the longitudinal direction (L) with at least one longitudinal borehole (26, 27, 28) running in the longitudinal direction (L), in which a push rod (43, 44, 45) is arranged and can move back and forth relative to the shaft (3) in the longitudinal direction (L), and with at least one opening (22, 23) in a lateral wall of the shaft which extends to a coordinated longitudinal borehole (26, 27, 28) and at least one push fork (12, 13, 14) which can travel in the longitudinal direction (L) outside the shaft (3) and is coordinated with one of the push rods (43, 44, 45), and an active connection running through the coordinated opening (22, 23) to the coordinated longitudinal borehole (26, 27, 28) between the coordinated push fork (12, 13, 14) and the coordinated push rod (43, 44, 45), which transmits a back and forth motion of the coordinated push fork (12, 13, 14) relative to the shaft (3) onto the coordinated push rod

Abstract: A cutting head assembly holds a pair of tool bits for an on-vehicle brake disk lathe having a platform. The cutting head assembly has a platform key fixed to the platform and extending parallel to a brake disk axis of rotation. The cutting head assembly also has a plate having a plate keyway that slidably engages the platform key. Tool bit arms are adjustably mounted to the plate and support the tool bits. A locking structure connected to the plate locks the platform key with respect to the plate keyway, and the interaction of the locking structure with the plate and the platform key creates a compressive load between the plate and the platform as the platform key is locked with respect to the plate keyway.

Abstract: A cutting tool includes two parts releasably interconnectable via serration surfaces which are mechanically engageable in each other. At least one of the parts is composed of a first body and a supplemental body on which the serration surface of the one part is formed, and which via a permanent joint is stiffly united to the first body. The permanent joint can be established by laser-welding a shim disposed between the first body and the supplemental body.

Abstract: A method for forming a concentric multiple looped structure from an elongated rigid workpiece includes rotating one of the workpiece and a cutting tool relative to the other of the workpiece and cutting tool. The cutting tool has a shear edge operatively mounted to engage an end face of the workpiece. The shear edge of the cutting tool is urged against the end face of the workpiece to cut the workpiece during rotation of one of the workpiece and cutting tool relative to the other of the workpiece and cutting tool. The workpiece is cut into a continuous series of connected loops forming a concentric multiple looped structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a numerically controlled lathe 100 which includes a head stock 110 which rotatably supports a spindle 120; a guide bush 170 disposed so as to face the head stock 110 and configured to support one end of a bar-like workpiece W extending from the spindle 120; and a tool post 130 having a tool T1 to process the workpiece W supported by the spindle 120 and the guide bush 170, the guide bush 170 being movable in the same direction as a spindle axis C, the lathe further including a first processing region A which is provided between the guide bush 170 and the spindle 120 and in which the workpiece W is processed by the tool T1 attached to the tool post 130.

Abstract: A method of forming a transferring surface onto a producing die to produce an optical element, wherein the transferring surface transfers an optical surface onto the produced optical element, the method comprising the steps of: cutting a material so as to form the transferring surface with a curvature; wherein the material has a hardness not smaller than Rockwell hardness HRA 80 or Vickers hardness Hv 1000 and the cutting step is conducted with a critical cutting-in depth of 5 ?m or less for the material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to automotive vehicle brake lathes configured for resurfacing brake rotor components, and in particular, to an improved on-car brake lathe apparatus and a method for reducing vibrations during resurfacing of brake rotor components with a brake lathe having a variable speed spindle motor, an output spindle rotationally driven by the variable speed motor adapted to couple the brake lathe to the brake rotor component, and at least one adjustable cutting tip adapted to engage a surface of the vehicle brake component.

Abstract: A cutting insert comprising a rake face region located on an upper surface, a flank located on a front surface, and a cutting edge located at an intersection between the rake face region and the flank. At least three types of projections having different distances from the cutting edge are located on the rake face region. When these three types of projections are arranged in the order of their increasing distance from the cutting edge, namely, a first projection, a second projection and a third projection, the top of the second projection is located lower than an imaginary straight line connecting the top of the first projection and the top of the third projection in the side view.

Abstract: This application relates to a cutting insert and method for machining a workpiece. This application further relates to a method for the machining of a workpiece using such an indexable insert. In this case, the term “machining” means, among other things, the first-time machining and/or a re-profiling of a wheel or of a brake disc of a wheel set of a railway vehicle. An object of at least one possible embodiment of the present application is to create a cutting insert that is as economical as possible. An additional object of at least one possible embodiment of the present application is the most effective method possible and a lathe tool that is well-suited for the machining of a workpiece, such as for the copy turning and/or for the first-time machining and/or for the re-profiling of a wheel or of a brake disc of a wheel set of a railway vehicle, using a cutting insert described herein.

Abstract: An improved brake drum and method for machining and balancing a brake drum are provided. The inner facing surface and the outer facing surface of the brake drum are machined. The inner and outer faces of the hub end of the brake drum are also machined. The machining is accomplished in a single operation that results in a radially balanced brake drum.

Abstract: A cutting insert comprising a cutting edge; a rake face region formed continuously with the cutting edge; and a clamp face region located more inward and higher than the rake face region. The cutting insert comprising, on the rake face region, a first rake face formed continuously with the cutting edge; a second rake face formed in an inclined surface shape from the first rake face toward the clamp face region; a projection formed so that at least a part of the projection is located on the first rake face, and comprising a top portion disposed at a position corresponding to a middle region of the cutting edge when viewed from above; and a concave part or a convex part formed so that at least a part thereof is located on the second rake face, and located more inward than the projection when viewed from above.

Abstract: The invention concerns a tool head with a housing (11), in which at least one thrusting wedge (31, 32, 33) is provided, able to move back and forth in the longitudinal direction (L) in a first toothed guide, which is coordinated with a support (21, 22, 23) in the housing (11), able to move in a second toothed guide in a transverse direction (R1, R2, R3) transversely to the longitudinal direction (L), and the thrusting wedge (31, 32, 33) and the coordinated support (21, 22, 23) are in sliding contact with each other via a slanted contact surface (51, 52, 53) and a movement of the thrusting wedge (31, 32, 33) in the longitudinal direction (L) brings about a transverse movement of the coordinated support (21, 22, 23) via the slanted contact surface (51, 52, 53) and a cutting tool (161, 162, 163) can be fastened on the support (21, 22, 23) and the support (21, 22, 23) has a support arm (101, 102, 103) extending in the transverse direction (R1, R2, R3).

Abstract: A bevel cutting system is attachable to a rotary device and comprises one or more bevel cutting devices having a same axis of rotation, that are combined together and that bevel objects having different diameters. The bevel cutting devices are attached to the same rotary drive spindle as a cutting blade of the rotary device. Each bevel cutting device comprises an annular wall extending away from the cutting blade. The annular wall has an inwardly-facing surface that is angled inwardly relative to their axis of rotation. An abrasive or a material removing pattern is provided on and/or in the angled inwardly-facing surface. A removable strip can be attached to the angled inwardly-facing surface. This removable strip can include an abrasive and/or a material-removing pattern or the like. The removable strip can be attached using an adhesive and/or mechanical fasteners. Cutting elements can be distributed around the inwardly-facing surface.

Abstract: For the finish machining of turbine blades cast in titanium aluminide, the feeders (3) and runner portions (6) yielded by the casting process remain on the blade and serve as auxiliary clamping structure for clamping the blade to the workpiece carrier (15). In a position corresponding to the reference points for machining, clamping surfaces (12) with conical recesses (13), followed by threaded holes (14) are produced on the runners. For clamping the workpiece to a workpiece carrier (15), spring-loaded taper centering sleeves (18) arranged in the workpiece carrier or clamping bolts (21), respectively, engage the conical recesses and threaded holes, to enable the blade to be clamped and machined by way of the auxiliary clamping structure in the position corresponding to the reference points.

Abstract: After a hub supporting member is mounted on an end portion of a spindle, correction work is applied to a ring-shaped supporting surface which is an end face of the hub supporting member, whereby perpendicularity of the supporting surface relative to a rotational center axis of the spindle is improved. Thereafter, while the hub main body is made to rotate together with the spindle in such a state that the mounting surface abuts with the supporting surface, grinding finishing work is applied to a cylindrical surface portion (a portion on which inner rings are fitted) of the hub main body. As a result, the perpendicularity of the mounting surface relative to the geometric center axis of the cylindrical surface portion is improved.

Abstract: A machining apparatus for making a plasticizing barrel includes a clamping device for securing the plasticizing barrel, with the clamping device constructed for rotation about a rotation axis and for off-center acceptance of the plasticizing barrel to thereby cause the plasticizing barrel to wobble about its symmetry axis, when the clamping device rotates. The clamping device interacts with a machining unit to provide the plasticizing barrel with an internal conical bore for receiving a screw. The machining unit has a turning tool which is movable linearly back-and-forth in a direction of an axis which extends in relation to the rotation axis at an incline of about half a cone angle of the conical bore, wherein the conical bore being produced has a center line which coincides with the rotation axis.

Abstract: There is provided a V-groove machining method and apparatus which, by measuring the depth of a V groove cut by a cutting tool and correcting the cutting depth of the cutting tool based on the measurement data, enables high precision machining of four-sided pyramids having vertices of a uniform height.

Abstract: There is disclosed a device (1) for resurfacing an axle-mounted brake disc (2), comprising means (7) for mounting the device (1) to the vehicle, means (9) for moving a part of the device with respect to an auxiliary shaft (8) extending substantially parallel to the axle, means (12) for rotating the axle, and drivable brake disc machining means (11) mounted on the movable part of the device. Advantageously, the resurfacing of a brake disc in mounted condition on the vehicle takes place by driving the machining means (11), and any movement of the brake disc (2) itself may take place slowly, so that every part thereof can be worked.

Abstract: Feed back vibrations of a metallic tool generated during the machining of metallic workpieces are damped by detecting an oscillatory motion of the tool, identifying a frequency of the oscillatory motion and generating a mechanical camping force having the same frequency as the oscillatory motion and applied to the tool in counter-direction to a velocity of the oscillatory motion. The damping force can be of constant amplitude or gradually decreasing amplitude.

Abstract: Described herein is an apparatus for machining elements for axial couplings for mechanical connection, with non-circular cross section, which comprises: a work spindle (1) fitted on the shaft (103) of appropriate means (3) for actuation in rotation; a tool (7) guided by appropriate means (5, 6) in the displacements both along the axis perpendicular to that of rotation of the spindle and along the axis parallel to that of rotation of the spindle; means (105, 106) for actuation of the displacements of said tool on said guide means (5, 6); and a central control unit (4) connected to said displacement means (105, 106) of said tool and to said means for actuation in rotation (3) of said spindle (1), capable, via an appropriate program, of supervising turning of the side coupling surface of said elements for axial couplings for angular connection.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention relates to an apparatus for configuring a wheel associated with a train. The apparatus comprises a tool configured to engage the wheel; a compound slide system for positioning the cutting tool in at least two axes; and a computer control coupled to control the compound slide system. The compound slide system is controlled so that the wheel is configured in accordance with a profile.

Abstract: The present invention relates to automotive vehicle brake lathes configured for resurfacing brake rotor components, and in particular, to an improved on-car brake lathe apparatus and a method for compensating for runout between an on-car brake lathe and a vehicle wheel hub to which the on-car brake lathe is secured for a brake rotor resurfacing operation.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a molding body having at least one groove thereon. The method is performed by rotating a workpiece, allowing a tip to contact with an outer peripheral or an inner peripheral face, so as to form the groove in accordance with a shape of an outer edge of the tip, and shifting a position of the tip along a direction orthogonal relative to a rake face of the tip without changing a direction of the rake face thereof, so as to form another groove having a different angle from that of the shape of the outer edge of the tip.

Abstract: A cryogenic fluid jet is used in an apparatus and a method for remote cooling of a cutting tool engaged in machining a workpiece under high-energy conditions, such as high-speed machining, hard-turning, cutting of difficult to machine materials, and combinations thereof. The apparatus and method use a stabilized, free-expanding cryogenic fluid jet having a pulse cycle time less than or equal to about 10 seconds. The apparatus and method increase the cleanliness of machined parts and chips and machining productivity of hard but brittle tools, including but not limited to tools which should not be cooled with conventional cooling fluids.

Abstract: This invention is a method and apparatus for cutting a workpiece which may have interruptions, with a cutting insert having a cutting edge, where the cutting insert is held in a tool holder and is optionally supported by a shim. Coolant, which may contain liquid nitrogen, is introduced through a passageway to a cooling passage located near the cutting edge. The cooling passage may be located either under, behind, or under and behind the cutting edge. Coolant impacts the wall surfaces of the cooling passage near the cutting edge where it is partly evaporated thereby cooling the cutting insert.

Abstract: A method of controllably producing chips with a desired shape and size. The method generally entails machining a body with a cutting tool while superimposing modulation on the cutting tool so as to move the cutting tool relative to the body being machined and cause instantaneous and periodic separation between the cutting tool and the body at a point of contact between the cutting tool and the body, wherein each separation between the cutting tool and the body yields a chip. In this manner, the shapes and sizes of the chips are determined at least in part by the modulation cycle, and particularly the length of time the cutting tool is engaged with the body being machined.

Abstract: A hubbed rotor adapter plate for refinishing a hubbed rotor is provided. The hubbed rotor adapter plate includes an adapter drum and a self-centering bearing mechanism sleeve mountable on a brake lathe arbor to secure a hubbed rotor during a refinishing operation.

Abstract: A process by which nanostructured monolithic bodies can be produced in a single continuous operation, as opposed to multi-stage deformation processing. The process generally entails continuously producing a chip having a nanostructured microstructure by engaging a solid body with a cutting edge of a tool while the solid body and the cutting edge move relative to each other, and simultaneously extruding the chip in the immediate vicinity of the cutting edge, such as with a constraining member, as the chip is separated from the solid body by the cutting edge to continuously plastically deform the chip and produce a nanostructured monolithic body immediately downstream of the cutting edge. The shape and size of the chip can be simultaneously controlled by the extrusion process so that the nanostructured monolithic body has a predetermined geometry. The nanostructured monolithic body can be in the form of a product suitable for immediate use, or undergo further processing to yield a product.

Abstract: A drive roll is disclosed that is useable in a wire feeder for advancing a wire. The drive roll includes a first side, a second side offset from the first side, and an annular surface between the first side and the second side. An annular groove is formed in the annular surface and defines an engagement surface. Pluralities of lands are spaced along the engagement surface and pluralities of notches are formed in the engagement surface for engaging and advancing the wire. An engagement ratio is defined between the total land area of the plurality of lands and the total notch area of the plurality of notches calculated at the engagement surface. The engagement ratio defines a drive roll that accurately engages and advances the wire over a longer period of use.

Abstract: A method of indexing a rotating cutting tool, and a tool for machining. The tool includes a body, and one or more cutting parts, that can be moved relative to the body at least into a first position and a second position. The cutting part is locked into the indexed positions by a pressure medium operated actuator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to coated cemented carbide inserts, particularly useful in general turning of superalloys. The inserts are characterized by a cemented carbide of WC, about 5.0-7.0 wt-% Co, and about 0.22-0.43 wt-% Cr, where the substrate has a coercivity (Hc) of about 19-28 kA/m. The coating contains a single (TixAl1-x)N-layer, where x is about 0.25-0.50, with crystal structure of NaCl type, total thickness of about 3.0-5.0 ?m, (200)-texture, and compressive residual strain of about 2.5×10?3-5.0×10?3, optionally containing an outermost TiN-layer.

Abstract: To enable surface treatment of the inside of a part or the like and also simplify grinding work by equipment and a procedure that are simple in comparison with convention A first semi-sintered electrode 31 that is formed in a tapered shape whose distal end portion becomes smaller in diameter toward the distal end portion is attached to an electrode supporting tube 26, is configured to be rotatable by a motor 27, is positioned near a seat portion 8 of a nozzle body 1, and generates electrical discharge by surface modifying electrical discharge machining method between the seat portion 8 and the first semi-sintered electrode 31, whereby a coating that is formed as a result of the material that forms the first semi-sintered electrode 31 being moved and deposited can be formed on the seat portion 8 and grinding treatment of the inside of the nozzle body 1 matching the outer diameter of a nozzle needle 2 as has conventionally been the case can be rendered unnecessary.

Abstract: A tool for refinishing a workpiece such as a brake drum includes an arm for a user to grasp the refinishing tool during operation. A pivotal swivel member is connectable to the arm. The swivel member is formed with an asymmetrical shoulder for compressively and rigidly fixing the swivel member and arm in a fixed linear alignment coincident with a longitudinal axis through the arm and swivel member during a refinishing operation. The asymmetrical shoulder also orients the swivel member in any angular position within a continuous range between zero degrees and forty-five degrees in one direction from the fixed linear alignment. A coupler is formed in the arm and in the swivel member to removably connect the swivel member and the arm. A plurality of demountable locking devices is included for variably positioning the swivel member in relation to the arm. A cutter is detachably mountable on the swivel member, and is adapted to refinish the rotating workpiece on a lathe.

Abstract: Method of machining crankshafts and a crankshaft machining tool insert therefor. The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b): A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims, under the heading “Abstract of the Disclosure.” The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims. Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.

Abstract: A machine for machining optical workpieces, in particular plastic spectacle lenses, which has a workpiece spindle, which drives the workpiece in rotation about a workpiece rotation axis (B), and a fast tool arrangement, which moves a turning tool in a fast tool movement plane (X-F1), wherein the workpiece spindle and the fast tool arrangement can moreover be moved relative to one another in a plane (X-Y) which contains the workpiece rotation axis (B). The fast tool movement plane (X-F1) is positioned obliquely (work angle ?) with respect to the plane (X-Y) containing the workpiece rotation axis (B). As a result, a machine is provided in which the working point of the cutting edge of the turning tool can be aligned in a particularly simple and highly precise manner on the rotation axis (B) of the workpiece spindle.

Abstract: An exemplary machining method used to machine a predetermined curved surface on a workpiece (46) comprising: (1) providing a machining apparatus (30), the machining apparatus including a vertical tool spindle (40) for mounting a tool (42) and a workpiece spindle (44) being rotatable in an axis thereof, the tool spindle being rotatable relative to a vertical direction, a rotational axis of the workpiece spindle is oblique relative to a rotational axis of the tool spindle; (2) mounting the workpiece onto the workpiece spindle; (3) driving the spindle and the workpiece spindle to rotate, and positioning the tool corresponding to the workpiece; and (4) driving a machining point of the tool to move on the predetermined curved surface and along a path passing through a top point “P” and any point “Q” of an edge of the predetermined curved surface.

Abstract: In a method of machining a work in a numerically controlled lathe, it is possible to reduce machining cost by shortening idle time at the time of switching and to enhance the lifetime by lessening a load on a feeding mechanism of a tool rest. After completion of the machining of a work W with a tool T1 on one tool rest (13), the one tool rest (13) is moved to a standby position B and, at the same time, the other tool rest (15) is moved from a standby position D and the feed speed of the other tool rest (15) is controlled such that the one and the other tool rests (13, 15) simultaneously reach positions C and F preset between the work W and the standby positions B and D.

Abstract: A tool holder assembly and method for intentionally inducing modulation in a machining process. The tool holder assembly is configured for mounting in a tool block on a machining apparatus and includes a tool holder body configured to be secured to the tool block of the machining apparatus, a tool holder mounted on the tool holder body and configured for securing a cutting tool thereto, and a device for imposing a superimposed modulation on the tool holder so as to move the cutting tool relative to the tool holder body and thereby relative to the tool. The tool holder assembly is useful in a process for producing chips having a desired shape and size, and particularly to a method of controllably producing nanocrystalline chips.

Abstract: To provide a machine tool not only capable of machining an inner surface of a workpiece into a spherical surface but also capable of machining a bearing surface including a flat surface and machining the combination of a spherical surface and a flat surface, and to provide a workpiece inner surface machining method using the machine tool.

Abstract: In a high pressure seal for a fuel injector formed by bringing a first contact surface of an injector housing to which a first fuel passage is made to open and a second contact surface of a nozzle body to which a second fuel passage is made to open into pressure contact with each other in a connecting portion of the first and second fuel passages, seal grooves of concentric circle form are applied to at least one of the contact surfaces by finish machining, thereby making it possible to suppress effectively the leakage of high-pressure fuel. The first contact surface and the second contact surface may be formed into concave shapes.

Abstract: A trunnion for toroidal continuously variable transmission, includes: an oblique surface, a bottom surface, an inclining shaft having an end surface and an inclining end surface, a pivot hole, an inner flat plane, and a crossing lubrication hole. The trunnion is obtained by supporting a trunnion material taking the oblique surface or the bottom surface as a machining reference and taking one of the end surface and the inclining end surface as an axial positioning reference, and by machining the trunnion material to form the inner flat surface, the pivot hole and the crossing lubrication hole of the trunnion while keeping the trunnion material retained.

Abstract: A high bandwidth rotary fast tool servo provides tool motion in a direction nominally parallel to the surface-normal of a workpiece at the point of contact between the cutting tool and workpiece. Three or more flexure blades having all ends fixed are used to form an axis of rotation for a swing arm that carries a cutting tool at a set radius from the axis of rotation. An actuator rotates a swing arm assembly such that a cutting tool is moved in and away from the lathe-mounted, rotating workpiece in a rapid and controlled manner in order to machine the workpiece. One or more position sensors provides rotation and position information for a swing arm to a control system. A control system commands and coordinates motion of the fast tool servo with the motion of a spindle, rotating table, cross-feed slide, and in-feed slide of a precision lathe.

Abstract: An uncoated cutting tool that comprises a body containing a pocket. A polycrystalline cubic boron nitride blank has a cutting tip. The blank is brazed into the pocket using a braze alloy whereby there is a braze joint between the body and the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride blank. The braze alloy has a liquidus temperature of at least about 900 degrees Centigrade wherein the braze alloy is selected from the group comprising a nickel-gold braze alloy containing nickel and gold, a copper-gold braze alloy containing copper and gold, a silver-titanium braze alloy containing silver and titanium, and a silver-palladium braze alloy containing silver and palladium.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a spherical cavitation. Depending upon the chamber's composition and wall thickness, chambers fabricated with the disclosed techniques can be used with either low or high pressure systems. During chamber fabrication, initially two spherical half portions are fabricated and then the two half portions are joined together to form the desired cavitation chamber. During the fabrication of each chamber half, the interior spherical surface is completed first and then the outer spherical surface. Prior to joining the two spherical cavitation chamber halves, the surfaces to be mated are finished, preferably to a surface flatness of at least 0.01 inches. Electron beam welding is used to join the chamber halves together. Preferably the electron beam welding operation is performed under vacuum conditions. During electron beam welding, the two chamber halves are aligned and held together while the electron beam forms a weld along the chamber seam.

Abstract: A machine tool assembly includes a high speed rotating spindle for forming extremely precise surface contours on a work piece. The spindle is supported on a spherical air bearing about its center of gravity. The spindle can be rotated through an air turbine drive system incorporated into the spherical air bearing to eliminate any undesirable moments about an axis perpendicular to the long spindle axis. The spindle is adjustable in pitch and yaw directions through the influence of X-Y actuators. The X-Y actuation system is preferably electromagnetic and provides a non-contact method of displacing the spindle shaft in a controlled manner at any speed.

Abstract: Methods are described for calibrating a turning machine having a first rotatable portion or chuck for holding a workpiece. The first rotatable portion has a first feature associated therewith. The method comprises the steps of using a measurement probe to determine the position of the first feature, rotating the first rotatable portion through an angle, and using said measurement probe to determine the new position of the first feature. The extension of the technique to swivel head mill-turn machines is also described.

Abstract: The planetary tubing cutter of the invention provides a gearing assembly having a pair of ring gears and a number of pinions with a blade affixed to each pinion. The ring gears are parallel to one another and are individually driven. The pinions are rotatably mounted to a side surface of one ring gear and engage a sun gear assembled to the other ring gear. When the ring gears rotate at the same speed, the pinions and blades do not revolve around their respective axes, and when one ring gear rotates at a speed different from the other ring gear, the pinions and blades revolve about their respective axes, intercepting and cutting a tube passing through an axial passage through the ring gears.

Abstract: A process for hobble lathing, and preferred process applications, for the cutting of workpieces with non-circular or discontinuous contours on programmable lathes. The use and combination of a special program e.g. of thread cycles and hobble values for the diameter and/or the longitudinal axis or the pitch, the angle of the spindle, in option of a reciprocal-step technique and interleaved machining sequences opens up virtually infinite possibilities. The preferred applications of the process allow special threads to be cut on screw-in bodies, e.g. screw-in artificial hip joint sockets and bone screws for example with neutral or virtually any angle of pitch or relief of the thread blade as well as e.g. internal and external contours on workpieces for circular wedge connections. A particularly beneficial hip joint socket is presented comprising so-called screw or threaded surfaces.