Abstract: The present invention provides vibration damping method and apparatus that can damp vibration in more than one direction without requiring disassembly, that can accommodate varying tool dimensions without requiring re-tuning, and that does not interfere with tool tip operations and cooling. The present invention provides active dampening by generating bending moments internal to a structure such as a boring bar to dampen vibration thereof.

Abstract: A system for delivering elongate workpieces to a point of use. The delivering system has a first storage unit for a supply of a first type of elongate workpiece, a second storage unit for a supply of a second type of elongate workpiece, a pickup unit for selectively picking up elongate workpieces one-by-one from the first and second storage units, and a guide system for guidingly moving the pickup unit with a workpiece picked up thereby to a predetermined transfer location.

Abstract: A cutting method using a vibratory cutting tool enables efficient creation of chips by breaking or separating of chips, and can retard both a deterioration of machined surface roughness of a workpiece and an increase in cutting resistance. The vibration of the cutting tool is controlled so that the following expressions are satisfied when letting a period of rotation of a workpiece be T, a period of vibration of the cutting tool be t.sub.total, the time required for the cutting edge to move from a farthest position in the feed direction to a farthest position in the direction opposite to the feed direction be t.sub.d, and the time required for moving from the farthest position in the direction opposite to the feed direction to a next farthest position in the feed direction be t.sub.u in the period of vibration of the cutting edge: T.apprxeq.t.sub.total .times.n+t.sub.d, where n is 0 or a positive integer; and t.sub.d .noteq.t.sub.u.

Abstract: A bar stock loader having a synchronizing head for matching the flats of a fresh length of bar stock with the flats of a remnant segment of bar stock being machined in an automatic screw machine. The synchronizing head has a selectively engageable drive controlled by a timing signal that allows the fresh length of bar stock to be rotated at a speed approximately the speed of rotation of the remnant segment of bar stock. A clutch is provided for selectively interlocking a driven member having a bushing in which the fresh length of bar stock is received to a bar stock engaging member that is connected to the spindle of the automatic screw machine. A method of loading bar stock is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fast threading pullout in a numerically controlled threading application which includes position determining logic for receiving position command signals from a numerical control and determining the commanded movement of a threading member along at least a primary threading axis and a secondary pullout axis, at least one sensing device for sensing the position of the threading member along at least the primary and secondary axes, velocity calculation structure for generating velocity command signals for actuating the threading member along the primary and secondary axes in accordance with the commanded movements and the sensed position of the member, supplemental velocity structure for applying a supplemental pullout velocity at a predetermined pullout position on the thread to accelerate the member along the secondary axis, and monitoring logic for monitoring the pullout of the threading member along the secondary axis and discontinuing the supplemental velocity after a predetermin

Abstract: A cylinder member holder is used to subject the outer circumferential surface of a cylinder member to cutting machining by non-rotatably supporting left and right ends of a tubular cylinder member by left and right holders and feeding a cutting tool longitudinally of the cylinder member while causing the cutting tool to rotate about the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder member. A plurality of discontinuous solid bodies which fill the inner diameter portion of the cylinder body so as to lie along the longitudinal direction thereof are inserted via a resilient body, thereby reducing or eliminating chatter vibration produced at cutting.

Abstract: Rifling for the barrel of a firearm includes a first gain twist region for increasing the rotational velocity of a bullet as it travels from the breech towards the muzzle end of the barrel, and a second region in which the rifling is of a constant twist so that the bullet exits the muzzle end of the barrel at a constant rotational velocity. The bore defined in the barrel is tapered in a direction from the breech end to the muzzle end so that the diameter of the muzzle opening of the barrel is less than the diameter of the breech opening. The angle of the rifling is variable with the rate of the gain twist of the rifling. The gain twist of the rifling in the barrel is formed by a button, preferably having a sinusoidal shaped periphery, which is pulled through the barrel during the manufacturing process. The smooth periphery of the button prevents shredding of the barrel when the button is twisted at different speeds to provide the variable gain twist of the rifling in different sections of the barrel.

Abstract: A cutting tool assembly comprising a tool holder formed with an insert retaining pocket having a pocket base wall and in which is releasably mounted a cutting insert and a shim. The cutting insert is of a substantially prismatic shape having an upper surface, a lower surface and side relief flank surfaces and at least one cutting corner defined therebetween and presenting at least one cutting edge formed by the intersection of the upper surface and a corresponding number of the side relief surfaces adjacent thereto.

Abstract: There are disclosed a cylindrical member, constituting the main body of an electrophotographic photosensitive drum or a developing sleeve adapted for use in an image forming apparatus such as electrophotographic copying machine, laser beam printer, facsimile or printer, and a producing method therefor. A work obtained by cutting a tube, is worked to a predetermined internal diameter at the left-hand end, and is supported by an opening collet of the left arbor, while the other end is supported by a closing collet of the right arbor. A cutting tool holder, supporting a rough cutting tool and a finish cutting tool, rotates around the work at a high speed, and the work is moved axially by the table. Thus, the rough cutting tool and the finish cutting tool move in the axial direction of the work while rotating along the external curved surface thereof, thus cutting the surface.

Abstract: A wheel end hub assembly for a motor vehicle incorporating mechanical retention features. The assembly accurately and positively orients the motor vehicle brake component, such as a disc brake rotor or brake drum with respect to its wheel hub. Accordingly, the machining operations for the brake component braking surfaces can be accurately based from a datum surface of the hub. The assembly incorporates a retention nut threaded onto the wheel mounting bolts which exerts a clamping force on the brake component and further establishes the relative positions of the hub and brake component. The retention nut features a generally conical surface which contacts a generally conical surface of the brake component to establish the radial and rotational relative position of these components.

Abstract: A copying cutting device for wood lathes including two securing stems, two form securing devices each transversely mounted at the bottom end of each securing stem, a guide track device mounted above the securing stems, a cutter mounting device having a cutter mounted thereon screwably provided at the bottom side of the guide track device, and a form tracing device screwably disposed at the rear end of the cutter. The forms securing device positions a copy, and a tracing rod of the form tracing device urges against the tracing edge of the copy. The cutter slides in the cutter mounting device, which in turn slides in the guide track device. The cutter cuts the workpiece following the contour of the copy with the help of the tracing rod.

Abstract: A method and apparatus has been developed for metal cutting machine using a cutting die tool that pivots as it cuts a metal workpiece. By pivoting the cutting tool, the orientation of the metal surface being cut in the workpiece may be varied along the cutting path. A particular application of the invention is for screw metal cutting machine, e.g., a Swiss-type screw lathe, that cuts screw threads in screw blank rods, such that the threads have a variable cant along the length of the screw. The cutting die tool is mounted in a tool holder that is pivoted by a computer controller in accordance with machining instructions for the screw or other device being machined.

Abstract: The fabrication of an off axis three-mirror telescope on only two substrates allowing two of mirrors to be formed on a common substrate, such as by means of diamond turning. The common substrate configuration is made possible by utilizing a common vertex for both the primary and tertiary mirrors so that alignment subsequent to fabrication requires placement of only two elements. In addition, all three mirrors in this invention share a common optical axis enabling an extremely simple mounting and housing design. The present invention is applicable for use in electro-optical imaging sensors operating from visible wavelengths to long infrared wavelengths. A telescope is formed by the assembly of three off-axis mirrors, including a primary mirror, a secondary mirror and a tertiary mirror.

Abstract: A method of machining a wheel hub and brake component in which the braking friction surface is machined together with the hub bearing journal and seat while the hub and braking component are mounted to a single work holding tool thus enabling both surfaces to be machined relative to one another with close tolerances. In the case of a two-piece wheel hub and rotor assembly, the rotor is mounted to the hub in a manner which establishes the relative position of the rotor relative to the hub prior to machining the hub and rotor.

Abstract: There are provided a pair of positioning engaging members (27) which are engageable with or disengageable from each other between a base table (10) and a turret (11), and the turret (11) is prevented from rotating when the positioning engaging members (27) engage with each other. The turning of a ball screw (21) or a nut (25) is changed to a linear motion of the turret (11) by a screw feed mechanism comprising the ball screw (21) and nut (25) for performing engagement and disengagement between the positioning engaging members (27). The screw feed mechanism is driven by a first motor (24), and the turret (11) is indexing by a second motor (32).

Abstract: The invention provides an ornamental article which can be produced readily in a mass together at a low cost without requiring a special skill and a production method therefor. The ornamental article is produced by fixing a base plate element having a three-dimensional pattern portion formed integrally thereon, to a chucking member for a lathe such that the three-dimensional pattern portion is fittably received in a complementary receiving portion of the chucking member, rotating the chucking member, and machining the base plate element by means of a cutting tool to remove the material of the base plate element until a boundary plane between the base plate element and the three-dimensional pattern portion is reached. The three-dimensional pattern portion of the ornamental article produced has an outer peripheral portion whose thickness gradually decreases toward an outer peripheral edge thereof so as to define an outer periphery contour line without exhibiting a steeply rising end face.

Abstract: A manually directed lathe tool system for removal of internally disposed material and creating a void inside a lathe turned form. As shown in FIG. 1, an articulated boring bar (32) of a tubular crosssection is slidably manipulated and supported by a plane surface (140) during a cutting action. To increase offset cutting ability several different lengths of a detachable and hinged arm assembly (40) are used. Arm assembly can be fixed or moved to three different positions relative to boring bar (FIG. 2) by manipulating a hand knob (36). A moveable and replaceable cutting tool (198) is held at the end of the arm assembly. A wall thickness caliper system (44) which ends in a tip (130) of some flexible material to allow operator appraisal of the internally disposed cutting tool's position.

Abstract: A power driven pipe threading machine is provided with a coolant system by which an oil free, glycol based coolant is dispensed onto the workpiece during thread cutting in the area thereof adjacent a thread cutting die at a rate which provides for the coolant to completely evaporate and for the workpiece to be cooled to a temperature which provides a good quality thread. The coolant is pumped from a reservoir to a coolant outlet on the die head of the machine and through a needle valve by which the discharge rate is adjustable, and a torque responsive shut-off valve is associated with the die head for controlling the flow of coolant from the reservoir to the needle valve and coolant outlet in response to initial threading engagement between the workpiece and cutting dies on the die head.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for stabilizing at least one element of a mechanical system against echo-like responses to mechanical disturbances. One or more error signals are provided by sensing the motion of the system at one or more points. At least one adaptive filter is operated in response to the error signal or signals, and in response to at least one non-advanced reference signal that is directly related to some motion of the system. The adaptive filter produces a corrective signal for driving a mechanical actuator, thereby to apply to the element a stabilizing generalized force. By non-advanced is meant that there is a zero or negative time-delay between the presence of a given signal at the reference-sensing location and the arrival of the same, or a similar, signal at the error-sensing location. In particular embodiments of the invention, the reference-sensing location is the same as the error-sensing location.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for machining surfaces to accuracies within the nanometer range by use of electrical current flow through the contact of the cutting tool with the workpiece as a feedback signal to control depth of cut.

Abstract: The invention is an arrangement whereby fluid dynamics is used to provide a cooling effect to a cutting tool while in use. More specifically, the invention is based upon the principles that fluid expands when sent through a restricted diameter channel which concomitantly to expansion and reduced pressure also causes a markedly reduced temperature of the arrangement. A cooling element comprising a long, restricted channel arranged on a support plate in a tightly spaced continuous pattern and having an inlet for any desired cooling fluid and an outlet. Cooling fluids can be contained within the system for indefinite reuse or can be cycled through (i.e. air or water). Preferred cooling fluids are tap water or ambient air.

Abstract: A unitary lap blank has a front polishing portion and a rear disk portion contoured for coupling the disk to a chuck of the lathe and also to a chuck of the polishing machine. Preferably, the disk has a circular channel in its face opposed to its base and a pair of seats in the opposed face symmetrically diametrically aligned in a land defined by the channel. The channel is of diameter, width and depth and the seats are spaced for mating with complementary components on the lathe chuck. The disk also has a circular seat centered in the land and a pair of parallel side walls disposed along symmetrically opposed cords of the disk transverse to a line connecting the pair of seats, the side walls being spaced apart by a distance and the seat being of diameter and depth for mating with complementary components on the polishing machine chuck.

Abstract: A sleeve bore machining apparatus has a plurality of reamers with different diameters, wherein a ball etc. is pressed in and passed through the sleeve bore after a machining with the reamer inserted in the sleeve, measures the push-in load involved in the pass-through operation to select a diameter of the reamer to be used for the next machining process in response to a magnitude of the measured load, or carries out a machining process while a reamer having an edged taper portion or taper stepped portions in a grinding portion is kept inserted in the bore of the sleeve, and controls an extent of insertion of the reamer for the next machining process in response to a magnitude of the measured load, so that the dimensional accuracy of the bore as well as the cylindricity can be successfully machined.

Abstract: A can is disassembled by a disassembling apparatus for measurement of can seam dimensions. The can is composed of a can body and an end member which are coupled to each other by a can-seamed region. The can body has an end opening closed by the end thereby sealing the interior of the can. The disassembling apparatus comprises a can holding mechanism (3, 6, 9) for holding the can by gripping the end member and a bottom of the can body, a rotating mechanism (2), for rotating the can about its own axis which is held by the can holding mechanism, and a cutter (23) disposed so as to orient a cutting blade toward the axis of the can for cutting the outer circumferential edge region of the end member which externally surrounds a folded portion of the can body in the can-seamed region in a circumferential direction of the can.

Abstract: A blocking technique and apparatus are used to mount a partially finished lens or other component to an arbor, which is useable to hold the partially finished lens for subsequent machining or mechanical operations. The blocking of the partially finished lens occurs on the same axes of the multi-axis machining device that were used to generate the partially finished lens. The blocking of the partially finished lens occurs without removing the partially finished lens from the workpiece holder which held the partially finished lens during the machining operation. Accurate and repeatable blocking is achieved using the axes of the lens generating equipment.

Abstract: A chuck has a plurality of top jaws for engaging a workpiece. Each top jaw has a recess and a slot that extend completely through the top jaw. The recess and slot allow the forward end of the top jaw to deflect in a rearward direction. This motion allows the jaws to maintain even pressure on the workpiece instead of cocking, thereby minimizing deflection of the workpiece during machining. The slot defines a rearward facing shoulder on the forward end. The maximum deflection of the forward end is limited by the width of the slot. The distance of deflection may be limited by pins located within holes extending through the jaw perpendicular to the slot.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tool arrangement (5) which includes a parting tool (6) or the like which is intended to cut off or remove a machined section from the raw material (3) held firmly in a holding device (2). Located adjacent the parting tool (5, 6) on the side thereof that is proximal to the raw material (3) is a bifurcate device (7) which is intended to coact with the edge region (3b, 6b) of the raw material that lies proximal to the machined section, at least when parting of the machine section (3a) is completed, so that upon axial movement of the parting tool and/or bifurcate device a given length of raw material will be withdrawn from the holding device (2). The invention also relates to a method of moving the raw material out of the holding device.

Abstract: In a lathe of a type employing a movable main spindle, the main spindle (2) is moved in a leftward and rightward direction (Y-axis direction) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the main spindle (2) after a workpiece (W) has been machined, and during the movement of the main spindle (2), the machined workpiece (W) is unloaded from the main spindle (2). At a position to which the main spindle (2) has further been moved, another workpiece (W) to be subsequently machined is loaded on the main spindle (2). The unloading of the machined workpiece (W) is carried out by a method in which the machined workpiece (W) is ejected by a workpiece eject means (7) built in a chuck (2a) in the main spindle (2).

Abstract: In a method for machining a chamfer at a pipe end, clamped in a radial clamping device, to exact positional and dimensional tolerances as a function of a measured course of an inner and an outer diameter of the pipe, an actual position of the pipe end clamped in the radial clamping device is determined with a first sensing device. Based on the determined actual position, in a controlled manner a machining tool is quickly advanced to the pipe end. With a second sensing device at least one of the actual inner diameter of the pipe and the actual outer diameter of the pipe is determined, and optionally the course of one of the actual inner diameter and the actual outer diameter about the circumference of the pipe is also determined. The machining tool is adjusted based on one of the actual inner diameter, the actual outer diameter, the nominal inner diameter and the nominal outer diameter.

Abstract: With a device for reciprocating a cutting tool in small steps, the cutting tool is reciprocated in small steps in such a way that a feed mark (track of the cutting tool on the workpiece) is inverted each time the workpiece makes a round, by which the chip is varied in width and cut at a track crossing portion during the machining. Thus, chips are broken into short pieces so that the cutting efficiency and the cutting quality are improved and that the chip disposal is facilitated. Moreover, a safe turning process can be achieved.

Abstract: A method of machining and a tool is used for obtaining patterns in the form of alternating ridges, pads, cells, and ridges of a triangular cross section on the surface of a blank. The method facilitates selection of the geometrical parameters of the tool and the machining mode for the tool to obtain alternating ridges and depressions with parallel sides of the profile at predetermined intervals and predetermined heights and angles of slope. The width of the space between projections can be varied in the range of millimeters and micrometers.

Abstract: A portable facing head comprises a feed body portion in threaded engagement with lead screws that extend through the feed body. The lead screws are translated through the feed body by a worm gear enclosed within the feed body wherein the worm gear is rotated by action of a star feed. The star feed is rotated by contact with a cam member extending outwardly from a torque bar positioned adjacent the feed body such that upon rotation of the feed body about a rotational axis, the star feed is incrementally rotated by the cam member thereby effecting incremental rotation of the worm gear and incremental linear translation of the lead screws through the feed body. Directional movement of the lead screws through the feed body is selectively set at forward, reverse or zero during rotation of the feed body by manipulation of a torque arm handle to position the cam member.

Abstract: A face-driver assembly and method for accurate coupling of a face driver with the spindle of a rotary-drive machining device. The assembly includes a face driver, a hub on the spindle defining a prealignment bore, a pair of self-centering coacting tooth sets on the hub and face driver, an engagement post extending into the hub and forming a prealignment shaft closely complementary to the prealignment bore, and a releasable coupling to hold and draw the engagement post rearwardly and thereby join the tooth sets in a manner facilitating final accurate centering.

Abstract: An edge rounded cutting tool insert which shows less flank wear in the nose area and improved toughness behavior on the main cutting edge. The improved toughness and decreased flank wear is achieved by decreasing the W/H ratio and increasing H from the nose area to the middle of the main cutting edge wherein W is the width of edge rounding of the cutting edge along the rake face and H is the width of edge rounding of the cutting edge along the clearance face.

Abstract: An attachment for a lathe which allows for the precise machining of thin elongated workpieces. The attachment includes a guide bushing which maintains the axial position of a workpiece against radial forces applied thereto by cutting tools. During a cutting operating, the guide bushing moves along the workpiece together with the cutting tools. The attachment can be used in conjunction with a variety of machining lathes.

Abstract: A CNC automatic lathe has at least one carriage system having an X, a Y, and a Z axis that carries a tool revolver designed as a so-called disk revolver for working with lathe tools and rotary machining tools. In order to reduce as much as possible the distance between a defined cutting plane for the turning process and the carriage system, the Y axis forms with the normal to the cutting plane a relatively small acute angle (beta), so that when the tool revolver is rotated in a controlled manner around its axis, a rotatively driven machining tool mounted on the revolver and located in its working position is swivelled with its axis of rotation through an acute angle out of the cutting plane in the direction of the carriage system. The machining area of the machining tool thus described a movement with a component that extends in the minus direction of the Y axis.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cap-like reservoir defining system which allows user adjustable location of application of cutting tool lifetime increasing cryogenic cooling to a workpiece contacting edge of a cutting tool, in a workpiece machining system. The present invention method of use finds application in the machining of materials such as ceramics, heat resistant materials, titanium, inconel alloys, and super alloys.

Abstract: A machine tool for machining a workpiece having a long shaft section. The machine tool includes a frame, a tool holder on the frame for holding the cutting tool to machine a workpiece, a first slide assembly and a first servo motor on the frame for translating the tool holder along a first axis relative to the frame, a second slide assembly on the frame for mounting the tool holder for translation along a second axis relative to the frame, a first workpiece holder on the frame for holding the workpiece to be machined by a cutting tool held in the tool holder, a second workpiece holder on the frame for holding a workpiece to be machined by a cutting tool held in the tool holder, a third slide assembly and a second servo motor for translating the second workpiece holder along the second axis, and structure for selectively connecting the tool holder to the second workpiece holder for translation of the tool holder by the third slide assembly and the second servo motor along the second axis.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for imparting relative motion between a tool that is carried by a tool holder and a workpiece on a lathe. According to this method, a feed screw is provided, which has a first end and a second end and a threaded portion near the first end. A tool holder carrying a tool is fixed with respect to the second end of the feed screw, so that axial motion of the feed screw will be translated to the tool carried by the tool holder. A hollow drive tube is also provided, which has an internal diameter large enough to accommodate the feed screw and which is disposed to rotate about its long axis. The drive tube is mounted at a location that is fixed with respect to the workpiece, and a nut that is threaded to mate with the threaded portion of the feed screw is attached to one end of the drive tube. Apparatus for rotating the drive tube is attached thereto, and the second end of the feed screw is locked so that rotational motion thereof is inhibited.

Abstract: A cylindrical member used as an electrophotographic photosensitive drum or a developing sleeve has a cylindrical surface with a high shape accuracy (straightness and roundness). In cutting the outer circumferential surface of a cylindrical work by cutting tools rotating around the work, clamp portions of a right work holder and a left work holder are inserted into the two ends of the work. The work is held by abutting these tapered surfaces against circular ridge portions formed in the inner edges of end faces of the work and pressing the work in the axial direction.

Abstract: A monocentric, multivision contact lens having a single optical axis and an anterior side. A first spherical vision surface is disposed on a first portion of the anterior side and has a first radius of curvature and a first center of curvature disposed along the single optical axis. A second spherical vision surface is disposed on a second portion of the anterior side and has a second radius of curvature and a second center of curvature disposed along the single optical axis. A transition surface is disposed intermediate the first portion and the second portion and has a plurality of centers of curvature disposed along the single optical axis. A method of making a monocentric contact lens and a mandrel for mounting a lens on a lathe for producing a monocentric contact lens are disclosed.

Abstract: A processing apparatus with a movable processing tool, which includes a position detecting sensor for detecting a rotary position of a to-be-processed object held by a holding member set to a rotary main shaft, a deflection detecting sensor for detecting an amount of rotational deflection of a processing reference surface of the object, a waveform shaping device for shaping an output signal from the deflection detecting sensor into a waveform approximate to a sine curve, an operational device for operating a positional correction amount for a processing tool at a processing point of the object on a basis of an output signal of the waveform shaping device synchronously with rotation of the rotary main shaft, an output device for outputting the positional correction amount for every rotary position and every processing point based on an output signal from the operational device, a fine adjustment mechanism for minutely driving the processing tool based on an output signal from the output device, and an NC table

Abstract: A sleeve bore machining apparatus has a plurality of reamers with different diameters, wherein a ball etc. is pressed in and passed through the sleeve bore after a machining with the reamer inserted in the sleeve, measures the push-in load involved in the pass-through operation to select a diameter of the reamer to be used for the next machining process in response to a magnitude of the measured load, or carries out a machining process while a reamer having an edged taper portion or taper stepped portions in a grinding portion is kept inserted in the bore of the sleeve, and controls an extent of insertion of the reamer for the next machining process in response to a magnitude of the measured load, so that the dimensional accuracy of the bore as well as the cylindricity can be successfully machined.

Abstract: A reciprocating tool post assembly is disclosed that may provide substantially linear excursions of a cutting tool mounted therein. The apparatus includes a voice coil assembly having a longitudinal axis that provides for the reciprocating movement of the assembly and to which a pair of coil arms is attached. The assembly also includes a pair of lever arms, each being pivotally attached between a respective coil arm and a draw bar, with a pair of fulcrum members attached to a base of the assembly that engage each respective lever arm to provide a fulcrum about which each respective lever arm may pivot. One end of the draw bar is attached to a tool support that is guided in a substantially axial movement by a guide member, such that, when a cutting tool is attached to the tool support and the movement of the voice coil causes the cutting tool to reciprocate substantially axially with respect to the base.

Abstract: A process for machining titanium or titanium alloy parts with a cutting speed exceeding 150 m/min which uses spraying or sprinkling of lubricating fluid under very high pressures (60 to 400 bars). The main component is a spraying flange or collar having internal ducts making it possible to supply under high pressure one or more fluid jets in the direction of the edge of the cutting tip.

Abstract: A spindle 51 capable of controlling quantitatively the rotational angle around the center axial line itself is mounted with a turning tool 50; the spindle 51 and a workpiece are allowed to be relatively dislocated by an axial control along at least a plane perpendicular to the rotation axial line of the spindle 51 in such a manner that the relative movement locus L of the spindle center Cs to the workpiece conforms to a geometry to be machined and a required front rake angle .beta. is set, thereby allowing a mutual interpolation motion between the spindle and the workpiece to be performed; and the rotational angle of the spindle 51 is synchronously controlled with a required interrelation to the above-mentioned axial control, whereby the direction of the cutting edge of the turning tool 50 to the machined face of the workpiece is kept at a required direction at the full rotational angle position of the spindle 50 with the required front rake angle .beta.

Abstract: A tooling apparatus and method for machining a blank having a first surface portion with a first spin center and a second surface portion with a second spin center offset from the first spin center. The improved tooling apparatus includes a turning fixture connectable to a rotatable spindle in one of a first position and a second position. The first spin center of the blank aligns with the axis of rotation of the spindle when the turning fixture is in its first position and the second spin center of the blank aligns with the axis of rotation when the turning fixture is in its second position. In the preferred embodiment, the rotatable spindle includes a dowel cooperative with first and second bores formed in the turning fixture to position the turning fixture relative to the spindle. The first and second bores are separated a distance equal to the distance between the first spin center and the second spin center of the blank.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus for machining large diameter, thin-walled steel rings to precise tolerances. A ring of metal stock is placed within the jaws of a group of screw-type clamps located on a flat lathe faceplate. The clamps are evenly spaced around the ring of metal stock and each contains one or more pairs of opposing screws. The clamp screws are slowly advanced until the screws gently touch the inner surface and outer surface of the metal stock ring. The opposing screws are then gradually tightened until the ring of metal stock is locked in place. The equal and opposite forces exerted by the opposing screws hold the metal stock rigidly in place without inducing mechanical stresses in the ring that would otherwise warp the ring while it was mounted on the lathe faceplate.

Abstract: A method is provided for assessing tool-wear and predicting tool-life for a selected cutting tool performing a machining operation. The method is broadly defined as including the steps of determining a tool coating effect factor and a chip-groove effect factor for the coated, grooved cutting tool. Additionally, the method includes the calculation of a tool-life for the coated, grooved cutting tool. The method takes into account selected machining operation conditions such as the characteristics of the workpiece material to be cut, the depth of cut, the feed rate, the cutting speed and the cutting tool geometry.

Abstract: A cutting tool assembly comprising a tool holder formed with an insert retaining pocket having a pocket base wall and in which is releasably mounted a cutting insert and a shim. The cutting insert is of a substantially prismatic shape having an upper surface, a lower surface and side relief flank surfaces and at least one cutting corner defined therebetween and presenting at least one cutting edge formed by the intersection of the upper surface and a corresponding number of the side relief surfaces adjacent thereto.