Abstract: A set of playing cards divided into card groups, each card group corresponding to a different note value and containing cards depicting all of the tones of an octave of the chromatic scale. Each card of the card set is associated with only a single tone and depicts the one or more notes corresponding to that tone.

Abstract: A music teaching aid having a number of reference rings that are positioned so as to have independent rotatable movement on a base member. Depending on the shape of the base member, the reference rings are either substantially coaxial cylindrical sleeves or concentric rings. Each reference ring has an outside surface which is divided into segments each of which displays indicia representing a note of the chromatic scale and which is identifiable by a predetermined color coding system such that when segments of the reference rings are aligned in accordance with the predetermined color coding system, corresponding segments of each successive ring will represent the notes of a non-chromatic scale.

Abstract: A method of teaching students to understand, read, and play sheet music. The method includes first teaching students rote understanding of musical notes and progressing to a structural understanding of notes on a musical staff. The teaching method is conducted in a series of five teaching steps and may apply to the teaching of sheet music for any musical instrument or voice instruction. The method is particularly useful for teaching groups of students to read music. The method focuses on building a student's understanding of the scale system of music by teaching the student to play a small portion of notes on a scale through repetition, implementation of a specialized two-line scale, and hand signals. After the student has learned small portions of a scale, the student learns other small sections of the scale until all notes on the musical scale have been learned. The portions are then combined to reinforce the students understanding of the scale as a whole.

Abstract: A music teaching system is provided, comprising at least two musical instruments, each instrument having a mechanism for producing a musical note when the means is activated, each such mechanism being marked by a color corresponding to the particular musical note produced by the mechanism; and at least two display vehicles for displaying a combination of the colors. The invention may be accomplished using colored hand bells for the instruments and cards for the display vehicles.

Abstract: A learning apparatus for learning notes includes a planar, one-part or multi-part board, made of wood, cardboard, plastic, or a similar, nearly form-rigid material with a working surface, exhibiting non-removable and well-recognizable staff indicia means. The work surface is inscribable or imprintable and covered with an adhering felt layer or magnetic foil or with a foil furnished with comparable adhering means, wherein light form-parts, which are easily removable by hand, are placeable on the foil. The form-parts are shaped like all musical notation indicia and musical clef indicia used for writing down notes and are furnished at their backs with hook-and-loop adhering means or magnetic adhering means or the like adhering means. The musical notation indicia are made of metal, plastic, wood, caoutchouc or a similar, nearly form-rigid or slightly plastically deformable material provided with a color coating on their surface or are made of materials having different colors.

Abstract: There is a musical score in which the key and any accidentals are indicated by visual coding of the individual notes and associated components as they appear throughout said score. The visual coding includes a set of contrasting colors. One of the set is applied to those individual notes (r) inflected with a sharp and another of said set being applied to those individual notes (g) inflected with a flat. Changes to the bass or treble clef are indicated with lines 24(R), 25(C) in contrasting colors of said set.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electronic display stand that can advance through musical notes without interrupting a musician's performance. The stand can be controlled by remote mechanical actuation, the sound of musical notes, or a timed interval. The device can have a display large enough to display a full page of sheet music at one time. A plurality of the devices can be networked to simultaneously display musical notes to a number of musicians. The electronic display stand is a multi-function device that can be used for displaying more than just music.

Abstract: A method of teaching music and the charts to do so are provided. The method includes the steps of: teaching the student that "every other finger plays every other key"; showing the student the hand placement on the keyboard that will correspond to a given set of indicia; providing a series of charts using the indicia that progressively allow the student to play chords with either hand, a melody with the right hand while playing a chord with the left hand, a multi-key melody with the right hand while playing a chord with the left hand; and finally instructing the student how the sheet music corresponds to the indicia in the charts so that the student can play sheet music.

Abstract: The invention is a music teaching method designed for the student of non-pitched percussion instruments incorporating two major components. First, a limited selection of basic percussion exercises and variations written for one or more percussion instruments is printed on opaque music manuscript paper or other music display media. Finally, a series of overlays including preprinted, complimentary percussion music exercises is provided for use in combination with the aforementioned basic percussion exercises. The overlays may be alternately superimposed in a functional relationship with the basic percussion exercises to create hybrid percussion exercises having adequate visual representation of the repetitive rhythmic patterns inherent in percussion music. Thus, an exhaustive collection of percussion exercises may be provided in a reasonably sized volume, reducing the cost of a more cumbersome printed volume that would be impracticable to publish and market.

Abstract: A learning aid adapted to be attached to an instrument of the type defined. The learning aid is arranged to lie generally parallel with the fretboard or fingerboard of the instrument and to afford a visual display indicating the string or strings, and the position at which the string or strings are to be depressed against the fretboard or fingerboard to obtain a desired musical note, chord or scale.

Abstract: In order to simulate sounds of an acoustic musical instrument such as a bowed stringed instrument, an electronic musical instrument employs a musical tone control apparatus which at least contains an operating device and a detecting circuit. Herein, when operating the operating device which can be operated in a two-dimensional area, the detecting circuit detects operation information corresponding to an operating position or an operating displacement of the operating device. Then, velocity information is generated based on the operation information. Thereafter, a musical tone is generated in response to a musical characteristic corresponding to the velocity information under a condition where the operating device is now operating. Preferably, the operating device is configured by a digitizer on which surface an electronic pen is moved two-dimensionally by the performer. Thus, it is possible to impart the varied performance expression to the musical tone to be generated.

Abstract: The guitar scale calculator device of the present invention has a longitudinal housing with a longitudinal open window. A scroll is disposed within the housing and is visible through the open window of the housing. The scroll contains a first indicia indicating a finger placement pattern for playing at least one preselected musical scale in selected tonics and indicating a key note location of the finger placement pattern for each of the preselected musical scales. A clear overlay is positioned and attached within the open window of the longitudinal housing and is constructed of a material which permits seeing the scroll through the overlay. The overlay contains a second indicia indicating a simulated fret board with scale tone letters for the finger placement pattern for each of the preselected musical scales.

Abstract: A chord or scale indicating device includes at least one fixed member and at least one movable member. On one of the fixed or movable members a scale is provided of at least one octave including both the white and black notes of the octave. In this octave, the white notes A, G and D, are greater in transverse or radial extent than the white notes E, F, B, and C by a factor of about 1.5. The other of the fixed and movable members includes a series of indicating positions which indicate at least one scale or chord position for a given input key. Relative movement between the fixed and the movable member will enable the scale and or chord positions to be determined for each of the notes in the ocatve by such relative movement.

Abstract: An elongated flexible sheet (20) contains numbers (22, 26) and corresponding parallel lines (24) that are aligned with the holes (13) of a harmonica (11). The top portion of the sheet (20) contains rows (30, 37, 40, 47) of respective color-coded blocks (32, 34, 36, 38, 39, 52, 54, 56, 48, 49) superimposed over the parallel lines (24). The color-coded blocks (32, 34, 36, 38, 39, 52, 54, 56, 48, 49) encompass sets of lines (24) that correspond to chords which may be played on the harmonica (11). The colors are chosen to create a mnemonic reference. The sheet (20) attaches to a harmonica (11) and is flexed into a viewing position for ready reference upon grasping the harmonica (11).

Abstract: A simple teaching kit for use by music teachers and students at any level to illustrate the theory of music. The kit comprises representations of the treble and bass clefs and two octave sections of a piano keyboard in combination with a plurality of transparent overlays upon which the student selectively affixes a plurality of coloured stickers representing any selected scale, tonal pattern or chord pattern in any selected key.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument capable of achieving a variety of performance mode. A manipulation region to be played with a hand manipulator is divided into regions of different performance modes. Tone signal parameters are generated differently depending on the selection of the performance region. Tone generator generates musical tone signals based on the tone signal parameters. The tone signal parameters are determined based on coordinate information on the manipulation region designated by the hand manipulator and pressure information applied on the coordinate position by the hand manipulator. The tone signal parameters comprise velocity information, pressure information and tone pitch information.

Abstract: There is provided a music sheet having a magnetic data recording section. The magnetic data recording section is provided in parallel with a lower edge of the sheet and stores automatic performance data for manual performance, a front surface of the sheet is described with a music including an introduction and an ending, and a rear surface that is described with an advice or guidance for performing the music. The music sheet is convenient not only to a not yet skilled performer but also to a skilled performer in order to perform or exercise the music.

Abstract: A teaching and demonstration system is disclosed comprising a looseleaf notebook with a clear plastic pocket attached to the outside of its front cover. A metallic sheet is inserted into the pocket and a nonmetallic sheet is inserted between the metallic sheet and the inside surface of the pocket. The nonmetallic sheet has printed subject matter on it related to the teaching of music, spelling or reading. Magnetic elements are positioned on the outside surface of the pocket and are held there due to magnetic attraction to the metallic sheet. The magnetic elements are related to the printed subject matter. For example, if the printed subject matter represents a musical scale the magnetic elements represent musical notes. For the teaching of spelling, the subject matter consists of words with missing letters and the magnetic elements represent the missing letter.

Abstract: A musical language game including a plurality of board modules with musical staff lines in the form of painted grooves on one face of the board. A series of grooves are defined on another face of the board. Melody pieces permit forming of the notes on the musical staff and include a projection for extending into one of the staff grooves. Additional pieces include projections for being received in the other face grooves and include respective lateral projections which permit assembly of individual pieces to define a rhythmic scheme.

Abstract: A membrane keyboard for e.g. a low cost electronic tone generator of the type affixed to the binding of a songbook is disclosed. The keyboard includes a base carrying a set of interdigital upwardly facing printed circuit contacts for each key. A membrane overlay is vacuum formed of a thin plastic sheet to define a horizontal row of playing keys, each key being formed as a plateau area, with a vertical depression spring rib separating each key. Each key includes an elastomeric foam pad affixed to its underside area which carries a conductive lower surface aligned with with the interdigital traces of the key. The conductive surface bridges the traces to complete an electrical circuit when the membrane is depressed downwardly from its top surface.

Abstract: A modulation rule having a member marked with a keyboard including white keys and black keys arranged in a similar manner to that of a keyboard musical instrument, and an indication table in which the names of keys are marked, for which the keys marked on each division, from left to right, are consecutively higher by one semitone; a movable member having divisions marked with numeral notes respectively, capable of being moved to have one division thereof aligned with a first division marked with a given key to provide the indication of scale at the given key; a plurality of indicating elements arranged in a certain relation with the keyboard and capable of being adjusted to provide visual indications concerning the keys, corresponding to the indicating elements which respectively should be lowered or raised by one semitone.

Abstract: A musical education display apparatus for musical instruction or composition. A display board is utilized with staff indicia which, in turn, is capable of removably restraining and displaying a series of notation indicia as desired. A retention storage tray, transparent overlay appendages and various means for restraining the musical notation removably in place on the staff indicia attached to the display board are utilized to conveniently display such musical notation for educating and/or composing purposes. Through utilization of staff modification devices and teaching theory conversion apparata, the apparatus achieves modular flexibility for use in a variety of musical education techniques.

Abstract: Keyboard instrument, in particular a piano or similar instrument that has keys and that can be used in conjunction with aids to learning in the form of templates, characterized in that, of the white keys (long keys 2) that form the C-major scale, the width (b) of the keys that produce the notes B, C, E, and R is 1/4 less than the width (B) of the remaining keys, which produce the notes D, G, and A, so that the ratio of the width of the equally wide keys for B, C, E, and F to the width of the equally wide keys for D, G, and A is 3:4. Templates that are separated into a number of adjacent divisions (5) that are equally wide, each division (5) being 1/2 the width (b) of one D, G, or A key, so that three adjacent divisions (5) will be as wide as two B, C, E, or F keys and two divisions (5) will be as wide as one D, G, or A key can be placed over the keyboard to represent all possible scales, thirds, triads, and tetrads with their inversions, major and minor intervals, cadenzas, transpositions, etc.

Abstract: A musical teaching and playing aid has a sheath with a front panel defining spaced octaves of a keyboard instrument keyboard with slits just above the keys for the insertion of insert cards each of which is identified as to the octave above which it will be inserted, with each of these insert cards having a first tier of scale or chord tones which align with and name the keys on the keyboard, and a second tier of notes on a musical staff, which notes fall within the general range of the keys on the keyboard and the octave named on the card and which are visible by raising the card from a first position to a second position, whereby the independence of each octave is stressed by its isolation from adjacent octaves, disrupting the usual continuity of the keys, and the notes which fit within that octave and their names are identified on the removeable card to facilitate identification of note position on the staff with octave position in the range of notes on the keyboard.

Abstract: A teaching aid simplifies the understanding and practicing of the inversions of the major triads of the diatonic scale by utilizing a series of insert cards which slide into a simulated keyboard and read up vertically duplicate sets of the scale tones of the triad beginning with the underlying keyboard tone. In contrast with the usual method of inversion indication, wherein sequential indicia point out inversions on the keyboard itself, or on a horizontal scale, by reading up vertically rather than horizontally the student is able to easily see the inversion arrangement without confusing it with the keys that he is playing.

Abstract: A programmable music instrument comprises an indicator for indicating a particular tone having a clef and a relevant scale on a screen, a liquid crystal display, and an electrochromic display cell or the like. A series of input keys is provided for providing digital information defining a musical note, the number of which corresponds to that of the notes in an octave. An octave changing member is employed for selecting a desired tone. The indicator is operated to indicate a selected stave for the particular tone. The octave changing member comprises a switch operated in a relationship with the screen. It may comprise a driver circuit for the liquid crystal display, the electrochromic display cell or the like.

Abstract: A device for teaching music comprising, in combination, a set of pegs or keys subdivided into seven groups corresponding to the seven musical notes, a set of cards obtained by a sheet material, each card containing a musical passage consisting of coded holes corresponding to the notes of the passage, and means for reproducing the sounds corresponding to each of the seven notes when the respective pegs selectively associated with each hole are first introduced into said holes, and then sequentially depressed.

Abstract: A music teaching machine comprising a rotatable disc sandwiched between two panels. Each of the panels is provided with a cut out through which information provided on both sides of the disc is displayed, information and instructions and finger rests. The bottom of the panel is provided with a strip extension and metal pointer used to point out notes on a piano keyboard provided on panels.

Abstract: The invention is a teaching and practicing aid for music students which graphically displays the relationship of the dominant, tonic, and subdominant scales in a particular key signature and as they relate to the diatonic scale in that key signature, the device structurally comprising a backing sheet optionally having the scale tones of a diatonic scale named in a row along the bottom, and three preferably reversible panels disposed in staggered horizontal slits cut in the backing sheet, these panels having portions visible above the slit with indicia thereon indicating by fingering number or scale tone name musical notes representing chords or scales, these notes being spaced proportionally to the key spacing of a piano keyboard. There is an optional insert card having two selectively displayable portions which represent the left and right hand, respectively, with the fingers thereof numbered in accordance with conventional elementary teaching techniques.

Abstract: An instruction system for a string instrument such as a guitar comprising note indicia underlying the strings of the guitar along the fingerboard and adjacent to the frets, a music sheet containing the musical exercise to be practiced, a holder for supporting the music sheet on the fingerboard of the guitar, and a mirror adapted to be positioned in front of the student through which the fingerboard and music sheet can be viewed. The note indicia on the fingerboard of the guitar as well as the musical exercise on the music sheet are written in reverse, that is, from right to left. In addition, the area of the fingerboard underlying the respective strings of the guitar and the notes of the musical exercise on the music sheet are color coded so that the musical exercise indicates to the student which string is to be used in producing the required note.

Abstract: A music teaching device in which the musical scale is marked on a circular disc co-operable with a second disc bearing musical information the two discs being relatively rotatable about their centers to relatively align the scale markings with the information on the second disc.